CN1032138A - Be convenient to the motor drive system of uphill starting - Google Patents

Abstract

When general automobiles and other power actuated vehicle are started to walk on the upward slope road surface, need cooperate with hand brake.When power-transfer clutch, hand brake and throttle three cooperate not too universal time coordinated, start to walk just to compare difficulty.The present invention proposes a kind of scheme, increases a backstop on clutch spindle, just can not re-use hand brake when starting.Under the situation particularly steep, that the speed of a motor vehicle is low, even just can realize easily stopping and starting without drg (comprising hand brake and foot-operated brake) fully in the ramp.The apparatus parts that increases is seldom installed and is made simply, does not need in the use to adjust.

Description

Be convenient to the motor drive system of uphill starting

The present invention relates to a kind of motor drive system, particularly a kind of driving system that helps self-propelled vehicle in the starting of upward slope road surface.

Be example with the general-utility car below, this system is illustrated, but this explanation is equally applicable to power actuated vehicles such as tank, armored motor car, speciality car, trac., self-propelled construction machinery and equipment and self-propelled agriculture and forestry machinery.

Present automobile is after the of short duration parking in upward slope road surface, if driving engine is not flame-out, recurrence will be carried out following operation: one, tighten hand brake during the step; Two, unclamp foot-operated brake; Three, depress power-transfer clutch and engage a gear; Four, suitably refuel, slowly loosen power-transfer clutch, slowly unclamp hand brake simultaneously.In above several steps operation, most critical be the 4th step.At this moment need two pin and Handball Association's allotment to close, could realize gentle start.If cooperate badly, car perhaps takes place to slip backward, perhaps automobile is rushed forward seriously, perhaps suppresses the driving engine that goes out.In this process, driver's brain will be coordinated the responsiveness of two pin and a hand simultaneously, needs really to do some training very often.Yet, even well-trained driver when opening a new car of not being familiar with, finishes above-mentioned action with also being difficult to satisfaction guaranted.

Increase the device of being convenient to the up gradient starting on automobile, this has had a lot of schemes in the automobile document, but mostly these schemes are to try every possible means from the mutual interlock of brakes and clutches.Basic departure point is when depressing pedal of clutch drg to be pinned, and when waiting release the clutch pedal, automatically terminates braking force again.In these schemes, what have is fairly simple, but effect is not too reliable.Though some scheme design is perfect, but the complexity of mistake, the present invention then avoids brake system, and tries every possible means from driving system, proposes a kind of simple and reliable scheme.

This programme as shown in Figure 1, it has just increased the mechanism (3) that a cover stops this reverse on the primary shaft (2) of change speed gear box (4), just constituted main body of the present invention.This mechanism can be a ratchet and pawl arrangement shown in Figure 2, also can be override type one-way lock mechanism (be the directional overrunning clutch that the outer ring maintains static, or claim free gear).Install after this mechanism, this axle just can only forward rotation, can not backwards rotation.

Once why this system can help automobile to following surface analysis starts to walk on the upward slope road surface.

For this reason, we have a look the rotation direction of the primary shaft in the change speed gear box.Because primary shaft directly links to each other with the secondary part of power-transfer clutch, therefore, when cruising, no matter be that engine-driven car travels, still automobile travels (at this moment driving engine plays brake action) by inertia slide car, and primary shaft always rotates to same direction, and we are referred to as just to change.Only it just can occur reversing in both cases.First kind of situation is that automobile but rearward slips car when hanging D Drive, this situation generally be on uphill road during starting trick cooperate bad and cause.Second kind of situation is that automobile but forwards slips car when hanging reverse gear, and starting-up action cooperated bad and causes when mostly this situation was on the slope reversing.Find out that thus primary shaft reverses with uphill starting closely related, car taken place to slip during starting on uphill road, the reverse of primary shaft has also just taken place,, also just can limit the car that slips when starting to walk if can limit the reverse of primary shaft.

We are after the non-return mechanism of installing on the primary shaft, hang up D Drive as long as depress power-transfer clutch before earlier at release the brake (hand braking or foot brake), again during release the brake, non-return mechanism will enter the unidirectional locking state, play prevention and slip the effect of car, this just is equivalent to beat eye under wheel.During starting, as long as the left foot control clutch, right crus of diaphragm control throttle can be started to walk, and this is identical with the level road starting, no longer needs the cooperation of hand brake, has also just reached the purpose that simplifies the operation.

Especially it is to be noted, after automobile adopts this programme, steep in the ramp, under the low situation of the speed of a motor vehicle, even just can stop repeatedly and start to walk without drg fully, because at this moment inertia is little, and resistance is big, automobile will stop when depressing power-transfer clutch, and slide is impossible, so of short duration parking can only depress power-transfer clutch just.This performance will bring convenience to travelling.Such as when running into the upward slope road of narrow danger, can utilize and step on the power-transfer clutch parking, the straightforward procedure of loose power-transfer clutch starting is adjusted travel direction timely and accurately, and a step one climb with stopping, passes through the danger zone smoothly.This advantage is that other uphill starting system institute is inaccessible, because other scheme all needs to step the drg car that just can come to a complete stop.Accomplish that a step one stops being not easy very much.

In addition, adopt this scheme after, move backward on the slope if hang up reverse gear, have aforesaid preceence equally.Thus, this vehicle has such characteristic: hang up D Drive and just can only go ahead (comprise by inertia or downhill path slip forward car), hang up reverse gear and just can only fall backward, hang up neutral gear and can freely slip car.

More than be that principle and performance to this programme illustrates, below the Jing spoon Pu that gives repeated exhortations of ┚ all of a sudden waitd upon Tun  Xing Deao

When automobile is started to walk on the upward slope road surface, generally always from first grade of hang-up, need under the individual cases with reverse gear starting (on the slope, moveing backward), so, as long as working, backstop just can satisfy fitness for purpose when first-gear engaging and reverse gear.Allow it also work, not only do not have practical significance, but also can bring some secondary actions, influence the life-span and the reliability of mechanism at other gear.In order only to realize one, to use backstop on the reverse gear, should allow the action of ratchet be subjected to the control of gearshift, when hang up one, during reverse gear, ratchet is allowed to fall into the tooth paddy of ratchet, works.And during other gear (comprising neutral gear), limit its action, and it can not be contacted with ratchet, this mechanism throws off fully.

Gearshift can have multiple scheme to the control of ratchet.Fig. 2 is wherein a kind of.When hang up one, during reverse gear, electromagnet (6) outage, ratchet (5) is pressed to ratchet (8) by ratchet spring (7), participation work, when hanging up other gear, ratchet is drawn back in the electromagnet energising, mechanism throws off.

Another kind of scheme is opposite with such scheme, when electromagnet is switched on, ratchet is pressed to ratchet participation work, and the outage back throws off ratchet by spring.

Can also control the break-make of solenoid circuit with a hand switch,, throw off backstop, during to needs, make it again to devote oneself to work by switch when running car during in the Plain.

The action of control ratchet also can only be used mechanical method, promptly directly goes to handle it by gearshift.This can save the electrical equipment original paper, and shortcoming is that mechanics is wanted complexity.

At the non-return mechanism of concrete vehicle design the time; need carry out strength checking to it; must consider the locking moment of non-return mechanism in the calculating; the maximum torque that this factored moment should can be transmitted greater than power-transfer clutch; so that when running into occurrent driving engine and " reverse rotation ", can protect non-return mechanism by power-transfer clutch.Stall torque when stopping on from the wheel anti-pass to non-return mechanism in the ramp, generally not too large, this is limited because of tire and ground-surface cohesive resistance, even under the condition of adhering in order, what the moment that passes to primary shaft from tire also can be because of one, the transmitting ratio of reverse gear becomes greatly is less, is unlikely the moment that transmits above from power-transfer clutch.

During non-return mechanism locking, primary shaft generally will reverse an angle earlier, mechanism is produced an impulsive force, but this impulsive force is not too large.This is very little because reverse angle, be no more than a ratchet right angle, being converted on the wheel will be a littler angle again, so that wheel reverses is slight.Consider that again the elasticity that hangs system and transmission system all has buffer action to this impact, so impulsive force is not too large, in order to reduce this impact as much as possible, be preferably in and use rubber coupling on the transmission shaft, in case of necessity, also can use rubber buffer at the bolster place of ratchet.

When adopting ratchet and pawl arrangement, hang up one, when reverse gear is travelled, can send the sound of " clatter, clatter ", reduce this sound as desire, can on ratchet the lowest point or ratchet, adorn damping rubber block, be cushioned noise reduction when making ratchet fall into tooth paddy.Also can cushion noise reduction with spring leaf.Fortunately automobile with one, the reverse gear chance of travelling always seldom, have slight sound not only can not produce too big problem, instead whether normal signal of mechanism's work can be provided.

When adopting the override type one-way lock mechanism, must adopt suitable method to limit the action of liquid in groove, make it to participate in when needed work, thrown off when not required.Concrete grammar belongs to general design problem, does not need more detailed description.

In the explanation in front, always backstop is located on the primary shaft of change speed gear box, this is just for the convenience on narrating.In fact, in a lot of change speed gear boxs, all be provided with tween drive shaft between primary shaft (power input shaft) and second (power take-off shaft), and tween drive shaft and primary shaft are usually used a pair of constant mesh gear transmission, at this moment, diaxon has to change all to be changeed, the drive connection that stops all stopping (below be referred to as fixed than transmission), restriction tween drive shaft reverse to reverse with the restriction primary shaft identical functions, so backstop also can be arranged on the tween drive shaft.In the change speed gear box of synchro was arranged, mostly each grade gear on second was that sky is enclosed within on this, and the gear on these gears and the tween drive shaft is in the constant-mesh state, so backstop also can be contained on these gears.In a word, as long as be fixed axle and gear, can should determine the optimum position as the case may be during design as the installation position of backstop than drive connection with primary shaft.In case of necessity, can also set up an axle specially, be used for installing backstop, this ad hoc axle is called non-return axle.

Obviously, non-return mechanism is installed on the different axles, and suffered moment is different, should do corresponding conversion in the calculating.

When adopting ratchet and pawl arrangement, generally need to make ratchet, but, shape, size and mounting means by suitable design ratchet, even can utilize the double ratchet usefulness of doing of original gear in the change speed gear box, structure will further be simplified, only needed to increase a ratchet and just can implement the present invention with some control parts.

Claims (6)

1, motor drive system that has power-transfer clutch [1], change speed gear box [4] is characterized in that being equipped with the device [3] that stops clutch spindle to reverse.

2,, it is characterized in that being installed in clutch spindle, tween drive shaft, clutch spindle or other keeps can also being contained on the non-return axle of special increase on the fixed axle or gear than drive connection with primary shaft by the device of claim 1 regulation.

3, by the device of claim 1 regulation, it is characterized by ratchet and pawl arrangement or override type one-way lock mechanism.

4, by the device of claim 1 regulation, only it is characterized by when change speed gear box hangs up first grade or reverse gear, device just is in non-return mode of operation, and other gear is the device disengagement when (comprising neutral gear).

5, by the device of claim 1 regulation, its non-return mode of operation can be removed and added by hand switch.

6, by the motor drive system of claim 1 regulation, it is characterized by and be applicable to various automobiles, tank, armored motor car, trac., self-propelled construction machinery and equipment and self-propelled agriculture and forestry machinery.

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