CN103207392A - Vehicle-mounted speed measuring device - Google Patents
Vehicle-mounted speed measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103207392A CN103207392A CN2013100769762A CN201310076976A CN103207392A CN 103207392 A CN103207392 A CN 103207392A CN 2013100769762 A CN2013100769762 A CN 2013100769762A CN 201310076976 A CN201310076976 A CN 201310076976A CN 103207392 A CN103207392 A CN 103207392A
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Abstract
The invention provides a vehicle-mounted speed measuring device and belongs to the technical field of measuring instruments. The vehicle-mounted speed measuring device comprises a control unit, an air chamber with holes, a sound emitting unit and a sound receiving unit, wherein the sound emitting unit and the sound receiving unit are arranged at two ends of the inside of the air chamber with holes and respectively connected with the control unit. The air chamber with holes is a container with holes, the sound emitting unit emits sound signals, the sound receiving unit receives the signals emitted by the sound emitting unit, and the control unit controls the sound emitting unit to emit sound signals, receives information from the sound receiving unit and calculates the running speed of a train by comparing the time from when the sound emitting unit emits the signals to when the sound receiving unit receives the signals with the required motionless time during running. The speed measuring device can directly measure the running speed of the train, eliminates speed measuring errors of traditional photovoltaic impulse type speed measuring devices caused by wheel diameter changing, slipping, idling and the like of the train, simultaneously does not contact with a bogie of the train, needs no rotating mechanical parts, and is convenient to install and high in reliability.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the surveying instrument technical field, relate to a kind of velocity measuring device.
Background technology
Track traffic operation control needs train running speed is accurately measured in the field, guarantees train operating safety.At present, the vehicle-mounted velocity survey of rail transit train mainly realizes by the photoimpact formula speed probe that is installed in the train bogie.Photoimpact formula speed probe is connected to the train wheel shaft by transmission shaft, when the train wheel shaft rotates, drives speed probe and rotates synchronously.There is a disk speed probe inside, and along some finedraws of radial direction uniform etching, disk one side is installed infrared emission tube, and opposite side is equipped with infrared receiver tube.When the sensor wheel shaft rotated, disk and finedraw thereof constantly interdicted and pass through infrared ray, and infrared receiver tube constantly produces photoelectric pulse signal.The frequency of this pulse signal and sensor rotation speed (train wheel) exist to be determined relation therefore after measuring the frequency of photoelectric pulse signal, can calculate current train speed in conjunction with wheel diameter.
Because photoimpact formula speed probe must directly be connected with train bogie wheel shaft by transmission shaft, and bogie is the key position of train operating safety, it is made any change all needs safety demonstration and risk assessment through strictness, the installation process complexity.Train is constantly wearing and tearing in long-term operation process, and wheel diameter diminishes gradually, directly cause the train speed measuring error to increase, and therefore must regularly accurately measure wheel diameter, to revise range rate error, cause maintenance workload to increase.In addition, the rate accuracy of photoimpact formula speed probe is difficult for guaranteeing.The idle running situation day especially at boost phase, takes place at snow in train easily, and namely wheel/speed probe forms bigger range rate error in rotation and train does not travel forward; In the deboost phase, slide situation easily, namely wheel/speed probe is stopped operating by valve watt locking, but train also forms bigger range rate error because inertia is still sliding forward along track.
Through patent retrieval, find that application number is that 200920065102.6 patent has proposed a kind of anti-interference photoelectric sensor, thereby obtain the scheme that rotating speed calculates train speed by speed probe.This patent belongs to the local improvement to traditional photoelectric sensor, fails fundamentally to eliminate the complicated and big shortcoming of maintenance workload of installation.
Application number is that the patent of 99205558.X has proposed a kind of high intelligent railway locomotive velocity measuring instrument, utilizes two sensors that are arranged on the rail outside to receive the ground knotmeter that signal is measured train speed.This patent is described a kind of surface-based speed measuring device, can not be applied in vehicle environment.
As seen, above-mentioned prior art all can not meet aforesaid user demand scene preferably.Therefore, how to design a kind of vehicle speed measuring device that is applicable to subway train that can satisfy the demand and become a difficult problem to be solved.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of be applicable to ON TRAINS to install, need not to take place with wheel hub the vehicle speed measurement device of contact.
In order to achieve the above object, solution art scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of vehicle-mounted speed measuring device, the acoustic emission unit harmony receiving element that comprises control module, air plenum and be positioned at described air plenum two ends and link to each other with described control module respectively; Described air plenum is the container that inner air communicates with outside atmosphere; Described acoustic emission unit emission acoustical signal; Described sound reception unit receives the signal of described acoustic emission unit emission; Described control module is controlled described acoustic emission unit emission acoustical signal, receive the information of described sound reception unit, described acoustic emission unit transmits signals to the travelling speed that described sound reception unit receives the time of described signal and required time calculates train when static when relatively driving a vehicle.
Described air plenum is a cuboid container with holes.
The sound wave direction of propagation of described air plenum inside overlaps with the trend of track circuit.
Described sound reception unit has the narrow-band reception feature, only receives the acoustical signal of particular frequency range, and the acoustic jamming signal of other frequencies of filtering.
Described sound reception unit comprises acoustic-electrical transducer, bandpass filtering link and amplifying element.
Described acoustic emission unit drives the signal of emission characteristic frequency by pulse signal.
The output useful signal was to described control module when described sound reception unit received the acoustical signal of characteristic frequency of described acoustic emission unit emission, and the output invalid signals is to described control module when not receiving.
Described device also comprises the clock unit that links to each other with described control module, for described control module provides high-precision sprocket pulse signal.
Described device also comprises the temperature measurement unit that links to each other with described control module, for described control module provide temperature data and as the calibration velocity of sound parameter.
Formula according to the described temperature data calibration velocity of sound is:
v
Sound=3313+0606 * T
Wherein, v
SoundBe the velocity of sound after the calibration, unit is meter per second; T is the current temperature of described air plenum with holes, and unit is degree centigrade.
Because adopt such scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: compared with prior art, vehicle-mounted speed measuring device of the present invention can directly be measured train running speed; Eliminate the range rate error that traditional photoimpact formula speed measuring device causes because of Train Wheel directly changes, train skids and idle running etc.; Simultaneously because this device does not contact yet mechanical component without spin, so easy for installation and reliability is high with the train bogie.
Description of drawings
The structural representation of vehicle-mounted speed measuring device in Fig. 1 embodiment of the invention;
The scheme of installation of the air plenum with holes of vehicle-mounted speed measuring device in Fig. 2 embodiment of the invention;
The contrast synoptic diagram of the up operation of vehicle-mounted speed measuring device place train and descending operation in Fig. 3 embodiment of the invention;
T when train up operation in vehicle-mounted speed measuring device place is tested the speed in Fig. 4 embodiment of the invention
1The moment and t
2The contrast synoptic diagram of moment train position;
T when train descending operation in vehicle-mounted speed measuring device place is tested the speed in Fig. 5 embodiment of the invention
3The moment and t
4The contrast synoptic diagram of moment train position;
The contrast synoptic diagram of the up operation of place train and descending operation when air plenum with holes is oppositely installed in the vehicle-mounted speed measuring device in Fig. 6 embodiment of the invention;
T when train up operation in place was tested the speed when air plenum with holes was oppositely installed in the vehicle-mounted speed measuring device in Fig. 7 embodiment of the invention
3The moment and t
4The contrast synoptic diagram of moment train position;
T when train descending operation in place was tested the speed when air plenum with holes was oppositely installed in the vehicle-mounted speed measuring device in Fig. 8 embodiment of the invention
1The moment and t
2The contrast synoptic diagram of moment train position.
Among the figure: 1, acoustic emission unit; 2, sound reception unit; 3, air plenum with holes; 4, control module; 5, clock unit; 6, temperature measurement unit; 7, compartment; 8, track medium line.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing illustrated embodiment.
The structural representation of the vehicle-mounted speed measuring device of the present invention is as by shown in Figure 1, and therefrom as can be seen, this device comprises acoustic emission unit 1, sound reception unit 2, air plenum with holes 3, control module 4, clock unit 5 and temperature measurement unit 6.Wherein, air plenum 3 with holes is a container with holes, and acoustic emission unit 1 harmony receiving element 2 is positioned at the two ends of this air plenum 3 with holes; Control module 4 links to each other with acoustic emission unit 1, sound reception unit 2, clock unit 5 and temperature measurement unit 6 respectively.
The enabled instruction control of testing the speed of acoustic emission unit 1 controlled unit 4 outputs.When receiving that when testing the speed enabled instruction, acoustic emission unit 1 is launched the sound wave of characteristic frequency at once; When the enabling signal that tests the speed was invalid, acoustic emission unit 1 stopped to launch sound wave at once.
Sound reception unit 2 is made up of links such as acoustic-electrical transducer, bandpass filtering and discharges, has the narrow-band reception feature.Acoustic-electrical transducer converts the sound wave that receives to electric signal, through bandpass filtering, makes the signal that only meets characteristic frequency pass through, and other frequency signals have been eliminated the interference of other frequency signals by filtering.
The traffic direction of train has only up and down direction, and in the metro operation process since do not have circular orbit for train turn around the operation, so subway train all adopt the mode of turning back change operator to, it is the only corresponding traffic direction of train two ends cab, the headstock of up direction is defined as cab TC1, the headstock of down direction is defined as cab TC2, and is extremely shown in Figure 8 as Fig. 3.
Clock unit 5 is to the high-precision sprocket pulse of control module 4 outputs.Temperature measurement unit 6 is to control module 4 output Current Temperatures data, as the parameter of the calibration velocity of sound.Control module 4 is logic control cores of device.Because the frequency of the high-precision timing pulse that clock unit 5 provides is known, is designated as f, so control module 4 passes through the number n of accumulative total sprocket pulse, by formula (1) can calculate the transmission time of sound wave:
t
Moving=n ÷ f (1)
In the formula (1), t
MovingExpression timing time, unit are second (s); N represents the number of sprocket pulse; F represents the sprocket pulse frequency, and unit is hertz (Hz).
Control module 4 receives the temperature data of temperature measurement unit 6, calculates acoustic propagation velocity under the Current Temperatures by formula (2):
v
Sound=331.3+0.606 * T (2)
In the formula (2), v
SoundThe expression acoustic propagation velocity, unit is meter per second (m/s); T represents air plenum Current Temperatures with holes, unit be degree centigrade (℃).
Figure 3 shows that this vehicle speed device is installed on the implementation method that tests the speed on the train to be measured.Wherein acoustic emission unit 1 is near train one end cab TC1, and sound reception unit 2 is far away apart from TC1, near train other end cab TC2.
When testing the speed, control module 4 is at first exported the enabled instruction of testing the speed, and acoustic emission unit 1 gets started the sound wave of emission characteristic frequency, and control module 4 begins to accumulate the number of sprocket pulse simultaneously.Sound wave is advanced to sound reception unit 2 in air plenum 3 with holes.When sonic transmissions during to sound reception unit 2, sound reception unit 2 is through acoustic-electric conversions, filtering and amplification, and control module 4 is given in the output END instruction of testing the speed.Control module 4 is received this END instruction of testing the speed, and the number that stops to accumulate sprocket pulse at once calculates sound wave actual transmissions time t by formula (1)
MovingThe time that under static state acoustical signal of 1 emission characteristic frequency receives this signal to sound reception unit 2 from the acoustic emission unit with seasonal train is t
Quiet, can be according to t
Moving, t
QuietCalculate the travelling speed of train, wherein t
QuietBe the distance L between acoustic emission unit 1 and the sound reception unit 2 and sonic transmissions speed v
SoundRatio.
Figure 4 shows that this moment is when the situation of current of traffic when being up.Be object of reference with the earth, train travels to up direction, and sound reception unit 1 is also along with the line direction motion that makes progress with the phase same rate.At t
1Constantly, train operator chamber TC1 is positioned at up station track A point, and begin to test the speed this moment.Under the coordination control of control module 4, acoustic emission unit 1 begins to launch sound wave, and sound wave is 2 propagation to the sound reception unit in air plenum 3 with holes.After sound wave sends, vibration and propagation repeatedly forward in air.Because sound reception unit 2 moves to up direction with train, and is opposite with the transmission direction of sound wave, so the actual transmission paths of sound wave distance is less than the spacing L of acoustic emission unit 1 harmony receiving element 2.At t
2Constantly, sonic transmissions is to sound reception unit 2, and this moment, train operator chamber TC1 was positioned at station track B point.Find the solution train displacement L according to formula (3)
C:
L
C＝L-L
S （3）
In the formula (3), L
CBe train displacement, unit is rice (m); L
SBe the sound wave propagation distance, unit is rice (m).
Control module 4 is from t
1To t
2The number of the sprocket pulse that adds up during this time is n, and the frequency f of sprocket pulse is known, therefore calculates the transmission time t of sound wave according to formula (1)
Moving
Control module 4 is at t
1To t
2Receive the temperature measuring data of temperature measurement unit 6 during this time, the actual propagation speed according to formula (2) calculating sound wave is designated as v
Sound
Obviously, the transmission range Ls of sound wave satisfies following formula:
L
S=v
Sound* t
Moving(4)
According to known physical law v=L/t, the travelling speed that can get train satisfies following formula:
V=L
C÷ t
Moving(5)
With formula (3)～(5) simultaneous, can derive the final formula of train speed:
V=(L-v
Sound* t
Moving) ÷ t
Moving(6)
Control module 4 can be found the solution the current travelling speed of train according to formula (6).
Figure 5 shows that this moment is when the situation of current of traffic when being descending.Be object of reference with the earth, train travels to down direction, and sound reception unit 1 is also along with the downward line direction motion of phase same rate.At t
3Constantly, train operator chamber TC1 is positioned at descending station track C point, and begin to test the speed this moment, and under the coordination control of control module 4, acoustic emission unit 1 begins to launch sound wave, and sound wave is 2 propagation to the sound reception unit in air plenum 3 with holes.After sound wave sends, vibration and propagation repeatedly forward in air.Because sound reception unit 2 moves to down direction with train, and is identical with the transmission direction of sound wave, so the actual transmission paths of sound wave distance is greater than the spacing L of acoustic emission unit 1 harmony receiving element 2.At t
4Constantly, sonic transmissions is to sound reception unit 2, and this moment, train operator chamber TC1 was positioned at station track D point.Find the solution train displacement L according to formula (7)
C1:
L
c1＝L
s1-L (7)
In the formula (7), L
C1Be train displacement, unit is rice (m); L
S1Be the sound wave propagation distance, unit is rice (m).
Control module 4 is from t
3To t
4The number of the sprocket pulse that adds up during this time is n, and the frequency f of sprocket pulse is known, therefore calculates the transmission time t of sound wave according to formula (1)
Moving 1
Control module 4 is at t
3To t
4Receive the temperature measuring data of temperature measurement unit 6 during this time, the actual propagation speed according to formula (2) calculating sound wave is designated as v
Sound 1
Obviously, the transmission range L of sound wave
S1Satisfy following formula:
L
Sl=v
Sound 1* t
Moving 1(s)
According to known physical law v=L/t, the travelling speed that can get train satisfies following formula:
V
1=L
C1÷ t
Moving 1(9)
With formula (7), formula (8) and formula (9) simultaneous, derive the train speed formula:
V
1=(v
Sound l* t
Moving 1-L) ÷ t
Moving 1(10)
Control module 4 can be found the solution the current travelling speed of train according to formula (10).
Figure 6 shows that air plenum 3 with holes with Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 in opposite direction ON TRAINS situation is installed.Acoustic emission unit 1 is near cab TC2, and sound reception unit 2 is near cab TC1.
Figure 7 shows that train operation was in the situation of up direction when air plenum 3 with holes was oppositely installed.Be object of reference with the earth, train travels to up direction, sound reception unit 1 is also along with the line direction motion that makes progress with the phase same rate, current of traffic is identical with the transmission direction of sound wave, therefore the actual transmission paths of sound wave distance is greater than the spacing L of acoustic emission unit 1 harmony receiving element 2, and by formula (10) find the solution the current travelling speed of train.
Figure 8 shows that train operation was in the situation of down direction when air plenum 3 with holes was oppositely installed.Be object of reference with the earth, train travels to down direction, sound reception unit 1 is also along with moving with the downward line direction of phase same rate, current of traffic is opposite with the transmission direction of sound wave, therefore the actual transmission paths of sound wave distance is less than the spacing L of acoustic emission unit 1 harmony receiving element 2, and by formula (6) find the solution the current travelling speed of train.
In summary, this device not only can be applied in the subway train of field of track traffic, and can be applied in all sports equipments such as on-highway motor vehicle.Compared with prior art, vehicle-mounted speed measuring device of the present invention can directly be measured train running speed; Eliminate the range rate error that traditional photoimpact formula speed measuring device causes because of Train Wheel directly changes, train skids and idle running etc.; Simultaneously because this device does not contact yet mechanical component without spin, so easy for installation and reliability is high with the train bogie.
The above-mentioned description to embodiment is can understand and apply the invention for ease of those skilled in the art.The person skilled in the art obviously can easily make various modifications to these embodiment, and needn't pass through performing creative labour being applied in the General Principle of this explanation among other embodiment.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to the embodiment here, those skilled in the art are according to announcement of the present invention, and not breaking away from the improvement that category of the present invention makes and revise all should be within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a vehicle-mounted speed measuring device is characterized in that: the acoustic emission unit harmony receiving element that comprises control module, air plenum and be positioned at described air plenum two ends and link to each other with described control module respectively; Described air plenum is the container that inner air communicates with outside atmosphere;
Described acoustic emission unit emission acoustical signal; Described sound reception unit receives the signal of described acoustic emission unit emission;
Described control module is controlled described acoustic emission unit emission acoustical signal, receive the information of described sound reception unit, described acoustic emission unit transmits signals to the travelling speed that described sound reception unit receives the time of described signal and required time calculates train when static when relatively driving a vehicle.
2. vehicle-mounted speed measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described air plenum is a cuboid container with holes.
3. vehicle-mounted speed measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the sound wave direction of propagation of described air plenum inside overlaps with the trend of track circuit.
4. vehicle-mounted speed measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described sound reception unit has the narrow-band reception feature, only receives the acoustical signal of particular frequency range, and the acoustic jamming signal of other frequencies of filtering.
5. vehicle-mounted speed measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described sound reception unit comprises acoustic-electrical transducer, bandpass filtering link and amplifying element.
6. vehicle-mounted speed measuring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described acoustic emission unit drives the signal of emission characteristic frequency by pulse signal.
7. vehicle-mounted speed measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the output useful signal is to described control module when the acoustical signal of the characteristic frequency that receives the emission of described acoustic emission unit in described sound reception unit, and the output invalid signals is to described control module when not receiving.
8. vehicle-mounted speed measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described device also comprises the clock unit that links to each other with described control module, for described control module provides high-precision sprocket pulse signal.
9. vehicle-mounted speed measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described device also comprises the temperature measurement unit that links to each other with described control module, for described control module provides temperature data, and as the parameter of the calibration velocity of sound.
10. vehicle-mounted speed measuring device according to claim 9 is characterized in that: the formula according to the described temperature data calibration velocity of sound is: v
Sound=331.3+0.606 * T
Wherein, sound is the velocity of sound after calibrating, and unit is meter per second; T is the current temperature of described air plenum with holes, and unit is degree centigrade.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013100769762A CN103207392A (en) | 2013-03-11 | 2013-03-11 | Vehicle-mounted speed measuring device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013100769762A CN103207392A (en) | 2013-03-11 | 2013-03-11 | Vehicle-mounted speed measuring device |
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| CN103207392A true CN103207392A (en) | 2013-07-17 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107886736A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2018-04-06 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Speed measurement method, device and vehicle speed measurement system |
| CN113111671A (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2021-07-13 | 温州大学 | Cup-sealing membrane electric eye circuit |
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| US3898878A (en) * | 1974-08-15 | 1975-08-12 | Us Navy | Ship speed indicator |
| US5343744A (en) * | 1992-03-06 | 1994-09-06 | Tsi Incorporated | Ultrasonic anemometer |
| DE19626865A1 (en) * | 1996-07-04 | 1998-01-08 | Suedrohrbau Gmbh & Co | System for measuring fluid velocity using sound pulse transit times |
| CN101464470A (en) * | 2009-01-21 | 2009-06-24 | 国家海洋技术中心 | Method and system for acoustic non-bottom tracing measurement of carrier velocity relative to bottom |
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2013
- 2013-03-11 CN CN2013100769762A patent/CN103207392A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3898878A (en) * | 1974-08-15 | 1975-08-12 | Us Navy | Ship speed indicator |
| US5343744A (en) * | 1992-03-06 | 1994-09-06 | Tsi Incorporated | Ultrasonic anemometer |
| DE19626865A1 (en) * | 1996-07-04 | 1998-01-08 | Suedrohrbau Gmbh & Co | System for measuring fluid velocity using sound pulse transit times |
| CN101464470A (en) * | 2009-01-21 | 2009-06-24 | 国家海洋技术中心 | Method and system for acoustic non-bottom tracing measurement of carrier velocity relative to bottom |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 中国天气网: "声速", 《HTTP://BAIKE.WEATHER.COM.CN/INDEX.PHP?DOC-INNERLINK-%E5%A3%B0%E9%80%9F》, 17 August 2011 (2011-08-17) * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107886736A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2018-04-06 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Speed measurement method, device and vehicle speed measurement system |
| CN113111671A (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2021-07-13 | 温州大学 | Cup-sealing membrane electric eye circuit |
| CN113111671B (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2022-10-25 | 温州大学 | Cup-sealed film electric eye circuit |
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Application publication date: 20130717 |