CN103206812B - Anticorrosion heat exchanger - Google Patents
Anticorrosion heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
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- CN103206812B CN103206812B CN201310128610.5A CN201310128610A CN103206812B CN 103206812 B CN103206812 B CN 103206812B CN 201310128610 A CN201310128610 A CN 201310128610A CN 103206812 B CN103206812 B CN 103206812B
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Abstract
An anticorrosion heat exchanger is in the shape of a horizontal pressure container provided with a front head, a rear head, a middle cylinder and seawater, fresh water and refrigerant circuits inside. The anticorrosion heat exchanger is specifically structurally characterized in that the inner lower portion of the cylinder is provided with a refrigerant layer and a sweater chamber, and a seawater outlet pipe is arranged at the bottom of the cylinder; a fresh water heat exchanger and fresh water inlet and outlet thereof are suspended on the inner upper portion of the cylinder; a seawater spray heat exchange chamber is reserved in the middle of the inside of the cylinder, the seawater inlet pipe enters from one head, and seawater directly contacts with refrigerant for heat exchange. The anticorrosion heat exchanger is characterized in that the fresh water heat exchanger is a horizontal tube-bank heat exchanger. The anticorrosion heat exchanger can be used as a seawater heat exchange and other heat exchangers using corrosive fluids.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hot swapping, particularly relate to a kind of anti-corrosion heat exchanger.
Background technology
Utilize seawater as Cooling and Heat Source, by sea water source heat pump, heating air conditioning is carried out to building, directly can reduce the consumption of other short energy, the object of twice laid can also be reached simultaneously, be resource regeneration, develop a circular economy, build a conservation-minded society, the important measures of friendly environment.
Sea water source heat pump achieves the recycling of used heat, turns waste into wealth, and is that novel renewable and clean energy resource utilizes technology, the requirement of meet sustainable development, building a resource-conserving society.Water source heat pump system technology is combined with city seawater, in expansion city seawater utilization scope, expansion city seawater harness effect, there is far reaching significance.
Sea water source heat pump is the states of matter circulation change relying on the agent of source pump internal refrigeration storage, and winter absorbs heat from seawater, and to building heat supplying after source pump heats up, summer, by source pump, passes to seawater the heat in building, thus realizes cooling.Seawater instead of cooling tower, has the outstanding advantages such as energy-efficient, environmental protection, safe and reliable, a tractor serves several purposes.
Hardware corrodes in marine environment, marine environment is a kind of corrosive environment of complexity, in this environment, seawater itself is a kind of strong corrosive medium, ripple, wave, tide, stream produce low frequency toward combined stress and impact to hardware again simultaneously, add that marine microorganism, aufwuch and their metabolite etc. all produce direct or indirect acceleration to corrosion process.
Marine corrosion is local corrosion mainly, and namely from component surface, the corrosion occurred in very zonule, as galvanic corrosion, spot corrosion, crevice corrosion etc.In addition, low frequency corrosion fatigue, stress corrosion and microbiologic(al) corrosion etc. are also had.Usually, hardware is the highest at the average corrosion rate of Sea Water Splashing Zone (refer to wave that stormy waves, tide etc. evoke, region that spittle splatter arrives).
Prevent the measure of marine corrosion except correctly designing hardware, reasonable material, usually have following several: 1. adopt the heavily anti-formula coating of thick-slurry type.2. resistant material jacket is adopted to Focusing on components.3. enough corrosion allowances to be considered during designed component.4. according to electrochemical corrosion principle, sacrificial anode is adopted.
At present, seawater source heat pump system obtains propagation and employment in the coastal cities of China.
Along with the raising of entire society's economize energy, environmental consciousness, the application of sea water source heat pump is also in continuous expansion.Except urban heat supplying refrigeration, produce domestic hot-water and apply except, be also all applied in food, biochemistry, pharmaceuticals industry, agriculture forestry planting, sea-farming and agricultural byproducts processing storing field.Should all kinds of reproducible low-temperature heat source of digging utilization or used heat thermal source further, improve and promote seawater source heat pump technology, towards setting up conservation-minded society's development.
Sea water source heat pump can be divided into direct-type sea water source heat pump and indirect type sea water source heat pump two class.In direct-type system, being cold-producing medium with the medium of seawater-clear water heat exchange, in indirect type system, is intermediary's water or anti-icing fluid with the medium of seawater-clear water heat exchange.
Through the direct heat transfer of heat exchanger wall between the former seawater and cold-producing medium; There is intermediary's medium in latter, thus heat transfer resistance increases, and causes heat pump system efficiency to decline thereupon.
Realizing without blocking Continuous Heat Transfer, is utilize seawater as the key problem in technology of heat pump Cooling and Heat Source, especially for the direct-type seawater source heat pump system utilizing a kind of anti-corrosion heat exchanger.
Solving blocking and the pollution of severe water quality heat exchanging equipment and pipeline, realize anticorrosion and pollution-free heat exchange, is a worldwide technological puzzle.The impact of city seawater quality heat exchanger mainly contains corrosion and scaling and blocking, the seawater circulation pipeline in heat pump, often blocked, to such an extent as to heat pump can not work completely.
Direct-type system is Disciplinary Frontiers and the developing direction of the research of current sea water source heat pump, and direct-type system has very large advantage compared with indirect type system, mainly:
1, under same water condition, confess the heat of as much, evaporating temperature can improve about 5 DEG C, and source pump efficiency is greatly improved, and the total power consumption of system can reduce by more than 15%.
2, eliminate a kind of anti-corrosion heat exchanger and corresponding intermediary water circulation water pump, machine room floor space reduces, and reduces civil engineering and investment of equipment, also reduces pump energy consumption.
3, obtain the heat of as much, about required seawater amount can reduce half.Indirect type system needs the temperature difference loss considering intermediate heat transfer, which limits the cooling extent of seawater.
The subject matter adopting direct-type sea water source heat pump to run into is,
1, direct seawater source heat pump system, requires that the evaporator/condenser of source pump can " device be dual-purpose ", proposes particular/special requirement to evaporator/condenser.
2, use a kind of direct-type sea water source heat pump unit of anti-corrosion heat exchanger, adopt primary seawater to be thermal source, easilier than general a kind of anti-corrosion heat exchanger pollute and block, sea water source heat pump efficiency is declined, even can not work.To seawater and heat exchanger, need through specially treated, technical difficulty is larger.Although people have a lot of imagination and test, all Shortcomings.
Up to the present, also a kind of anti-corrosion heat exchanger and direct-type seawater source heat pump system is not popularized widely; Since seawater source heat pump technology is born, basic employing indirect type system, this is the Conservative measures considered from reliability perspectives and take.
In industrial or agricultural and people's lives, discharge various seawater.A kind of anti-corrosion heat exchanger and ordinary heat exchanger condition of work make a big difference, and the method for designing of ordinary heat exchanger, use experience, can not simply for a kind of anti-corrosion heat exchanger, especially seawater-refrigerant heat exchanger.
It is although the method for designing of ordinary heat exchanger and manufacturing process, all very ripe, a kind of anti-corrosion heat exchanger science design method, so far, does not also solve very well.
Above-mentioned relevant background technology, has a detailed description in following monograph:
1, Zhao Jun, Dai Chuanshan chief editor, ground source heat pump technology and building energy conservation are applied, Beijing: China Construction Industry Press, 2009.
2, (U.S.) salad, Sai Kulike work, Cheng Linyi, design of heat exchanger technology, Beijing: China Machine Press, 2010.
3, Chen Dong, Xie Jihong compile, heat pump techniques handbook, Beijing: Chemical Industry Press, 2012.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of anti-corrosion heat exchanger being applicable to seawater.
A kind of anti-corrosion heat exchanger, its profile is the pressure vessel of horizontal positioned, there are former and later two end sockets, central circular cylindrical shell, there is sea return its inside, clear water loop and refrigerant loop, concrete structure comprises: in (1) cylindrical shell, refrigeration oxidant layer and seawater room are arranged at bottom, and cylinder body bottom has seawater outlet pipe; (2) cylindrical shell internal upper part suspension clear water heat exchanger, and its clear water import and clear water output; (3) in cylindrical shell, central space is seawater spraying Heat Room, and seawater water inlet pipe enters from one end end socket level, and seawater and cold-producing medium direct contact heat transfer, is characterized in that: described clear water heat exchanger is horizontal tube bundle type heat exchanger.
Described sea return, it comprises: cylindrical shell, seawater water inlet pipe, seawater spraying Heat Room, seawater room, front and back end socket, seawater outlet pipe, liquid level sensor and electrically-controlled valve; Seawater is by seawater water inlet pipe, flow into seawater heat exchanger, serial water jet through seawater water inlet pipe sprays downwards, and in seawater spraying Heat Room, sea water drops and cold-producing medium carry out heat exchange, then, seawater enters seawater room below, then is flowed out by seawater outlet pipe, and liquid level sensor detects seawater room water surface elevation, control the flow area of electrically-controlled valve on seawater outlet pipe, keep appropriate water yield.
Described clear water loop, it is the pipe inner flow passage of clear water heat exchanger, and it comprises: clear water water inlet pipe, water-inlet header, clear water pipe, go out water manifold and Graceful water pipe; Clear water enters from clear water water inlet pipe, by water-inlet header, is distributed in the clear water pipe of several levels, then is aggregated into out water manifold, finally flows out from Graceful water pipe.
Described refrigerant loop, it comprises: the pipe outer flow passage in cylindrical shell, refrigeration oxidant layer and clear water heat exchanger; In heat exchanger cylindrical shell, refrigeration oxidant layer swims in the top of seawater room, and cold-producing medium is from seawater heat absorption evaporation, and steam rises, and enters the pipe outer flow passage of clear water heat exchanger, after heat release condensation, then drops onto refrigeration oxidant layer.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1, a kind of anti-corrosion heat exchanger of the present invention, does not need strictly to purify seawater.Seawater directly enters a kind of anti-corrosion heat exchanger, and the seawater circulation pipeline in heat exchanger can not be blocked, can long-time stable work.
2, in anti-corrosion heat exchanger, seawater directly and cold-producing medium carry out exchange heat, no matter cold-producing medium obtains heat, still lose heat, relative to the situation having intermediary's water heat exchange, cold-producing medium can realize the larger temperature difference wherein, obtain from seawater or release more heat to seawater, source pump efficiency is greatly improved.
3, save the seawater-intermediary's water-to-water heat exchanger set by usual sea water source heat pump, intermediary's water circulation water pump and corresponding pipeline, machine room floor space reduces, and reduces civil engineering and investment of equipment, reduces energy consumption.
4, although be placed in anti-corrosion heat exchanger cylindrical shell in seawater runner, due to the not heat exchange of heat exchanger cylindrical shell, do not have cold wall, inner surface can not incrustation.Even if there is a small amount of incrustation, heat exchanger performance does not affect, and can pass through spraying-rinsing.
The present invention both can be used as seawater heat exchanger, also can be used as the heat exchanger of other mordant fluid.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the principle key diagram of a kind of anti-corrosion heat exchanger of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the sea return structure chart of a kind of anti-corrosion heat exchanger embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the clear water loop structure figure of a kind of anti-corrosion heat exchanger embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the refrigerant loop structure chart of a kind of anti-corrosion heat exchanger embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the overall construction drawing of a kind of anti-corrosion heat exchanger embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 gives the principle key diagram of a kind of anti-corrosion heat exchanger of the present invention.
The principle of a kind of anti-corrosion heat exchanger of the present invention is as follows:
1, cold-producing medium and seawater direct contact heat transfer, there is liquid-gas phase transition in cold-producing medium simultaneously;
2, the cold-producing medium after undergoing phase transition with seawater to make heat exchange flows to clear water heat exchanger again, and cold-producing medium and clear water are by septate heat transfer, and cold-producing medium again liquid-gas phase transition occurs;
3, return 1.
The concrete steps that seawater of the present invention conducts heat to clear water are:
1, the seawater that temperature is high passes through water inlet pipe 110, inflow heat exchanger 100;
2, enter the seawater of heat exchanger, spray downwards, first through the refrigeration oxidant layer 320 that density is little, then enter the large seawater room 120 of lower surface density, then flowed out by outlet pipe 140;
3, refrigeration oxidant layer 320 accepts the heat of seawater, and some refrigerant evaporates, the refrigerant vapour of generation, upwards arrives clear water heat exchanger 200;
4, refrigerant vapour is condensation heat in the refrigerant flow path of the clear water heat exchanger 200 of low temperature, and the clear water in clear water heat exchanger 200 clear water runner is heated.
Fig. 2 gives the present invention a kind of sea return structure chart of anti-corrosion heat exchanger embodiment.
A kind of anti-corrosion heat exchanger embodiment of the present invention is the pressure vessel of a horizontal positioned on the whole.
First, the seawater that temperature is high passes through seawater water inlet pipe 110, through front head 130, and inflow heat exchanger 100.Enter the seawater of heat exchanger, the serial water jet 112 through water inlet pipe sprays downwards, and in seawater spraying Heat Room 115, sea water drops and cold-producing medium carry out heat exchange.Then, seawater enters seawater room 120 below, then is flowed out by seawater outlet pipe 140.
Sea level fluctuations in heat exchanger 100 must keep fixing height.Owing to being in positive pressure environment in heat exchanger 100, under the condition that flow of inlet water is constant, as long as control outlet valve aperture, sea level fluctuations just can keep fixing height.For this reason, by liquid level sensor 160, provide seawater water surface elevation signal, the flow area of adjustment electrically-controlled valve 150, keeps appropriate water yield.
The ball float of the cylindrical shell 105 of heat exchanger 100, end socket, seawater outlet pipe 140, liquid level sensor 160 and connecting rod, all use fiberglass manufacture, the runner section engineering plastics of electrically-controlled valve 150 manufacture.
Fig. 3 gives the clear water loop structure figure of a kind of anti-corrosion heat exchanger embodiment of the present invention;
The clear water loop of a kind of anti-corrosion heat exchanger embodiment of the present invention, its main part is the pipe inner flow passage of horizontal tube bundle formula clear water heat exchanger 200, and it comprises: clear water water inlet pipe 205, water-inlet header 215, clear water pipe 210, go out water manifold 225 and Graceful water pipe 230.
Clear water enters from clear water water inlet pipe 205, and by water-inlet header 215, clear water is distributed in the clear water pipe 210 of several levels, then is aggregated into out water manifold 225, finally flows out from Graceful water pipe 230.This clear water heat exchanger 200, its length is slightly less than the length of seawater heat exchanger, and it is suspended at the top in seawater heat exchanger cylindrical shell.
In two heat exchange runners of clear water heat exchanger, be clear water loop in heat-transfer pipe, clear water enters from clear water water inlet pipe 205, and in clear water pipe 210, flow some flow processs, flows out from Graceful water pipe 230.
Another heat exchange runner of clear water heat exchanger had both been refrigerant flow path 220 outside heat-transfer pipe.
Clear water heat exchanger can make of carbon steel, and it realizes the heat exchange of clear water and cold-producing medium, it not with contact with sea water, seawater corrosion problem can not be considered.
Fig. 4 gives the present invention a kind of refrigerant loop structure chart of anti-corrosion heat exchanger embodiment.
In a kind of anti-corrosion heat exchanger embodiment of the present invention, cold-producing medium is the heat transfer agent of seawater and clear water centre, and be equivalent to the heat-transfer working medium in heat pipe, the cold-producing medium selected by the present invention needs to possess following character:
1, it is insoluble to seawater;
2, at the working temperature, it has suitable pressure;
3, nontoxic, cheaply.
The cold-producing medium meeting these conditions has several, such as: isobutene, 1-butylene, 2-butylene.
In the refrigerant loop structure chart of a kind of anti-corrosion heat exchanger embodiment of the present invention, in heat exchanger cylindrical shell 105, refrigeration oxidant layer 320 swims in the top of seawater room 120, this is because the density of selected cold-producing medium is less than the density of seawater.Above refrigeration oxidant layer 320, distance certain altitude, suspension clear water heat exchanger 200.
Being refrigerant loop outside the heat-transfer pipe of clear water heat exchanger, is clear water runner in its heat-transfer pipe.Outside heat-transfer pipe, unlimited penetrating refrigerant flow path 220 up and down, object penetrating is up and down: in anti-corrosion heat exchanger embodiment, the upwards refrigerant vapour of ascension, unhinderedly can enter into the open space of unlimited refrigerant flow path 220, so that the clear water runner inside cold-producing medium and pipe carries out heat exchange.
A kind of anti-corrosion heat exchanger embodiment of the present invention be used as the thermal source of heat pump time, refrigeration oxidant layer 320 is by thermal evaporation, and refrigerant vapour rises, and in refrigerant flow path 220 surface condensation of clear water heat exchanger 200, produces cold-producing medium drop, then drops onto refrigeration oxidant layer 320;
Fig. 5 is the overall construction drawing of a kind of anti-corrosion heat exchanger embodiment of the present invention.
A kind of anti-corrosion heat exchanger embodiment of the present invention general structure, its profile is the pressure vessel of the tubular of a horizontal positioned.Its concrete structure, can be divided into 3 parts from top to bottom:
1, the bottom of cylindrical shell is fluid reservoir, and comprise refrigeration oxidant layer 320 and seawater room 120, outlet pipe 140 and base 400 are arranged at bottom;
2, there is water inlet pipe 110 at middle part, for spraying seawater to cylinder intracorporeal space.When anti-corrosion heat exchanger is used as thermal source, the heating of seawater refrigeration oxidant layer 320 of sprinkling, part of refrigerant is evaporated, and steam rises.
3, clear water heat exchanger 200 is arranged at top, and clear water enters from its clear water import 205, after seawater to make heat exchange, flows out from clear water output 230.When anti-corrosion heat exchanger is used as thermal source, clear water heat exchanger 200 meets with refrigerant vapour from bottom to top, and refrigerant vapour heat release cools, condensation drippage, gets back to refrigeration oxidant layer 320.
Claims (4)
1. an anti-corrosion heat exchanger, the cold-producing medium that described anti-corrosion heat exchanger adopts need possess and is insoluble to seawater and density is less than the character of the density of seawater, its profile is the pressure vessel of horizontal positioned, there are former and later two end sockets, central circular cylindrical shell, there is sea return its inside, clear water loop and refrigerant loop, concrete structure comprises: in (1) cylindrical shell, refrigeration oxidant layer and seawater room are arranged at bottom, and cylinder body bottom has seawater outlet pipe; (2) cylindrical shell internal upper part suspension clear water heat exchanger, and its clear water import and clear water output; (3) in cylindrical shell, central space is seawater spraying Heat Room, and seawater water inlet pipe enters from one end end socket level, and seawater and cold-producing medium direct contact heat transfer, is characterized in that: described clear water heat exchanger is horizontal tube bundle type heat exchanger.
2. according to a kind of anti-corrosion heat exchanger according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described sea return, it comprises: cylindrical shell, seawater water inlet pipe, seawater spraying Heat Room, seawater room, front and back end socket, seawater outlet pipe, liquid level sensor and electrically-controlled valve; Seawater is by seawater water inlet pipe, flow into seawater heat exchanger, serial water jet through seawater water inlet pipe sprays downwards, and in seawater spraying Heat Room, sea water drops and cold-producing medium carry out heat exchange, then, seawater enters seawater room below, then is flowed out by seawater outlet pipe, and liquid level sensor detects seawater room water surface elevation, control the flow area of electrically-controlled valve on seawater outlet pipe, keep appropriate water yield.
3. according to a kind of anti-corrosion heat exchanger according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described clear water loop, it is the pipe inner flow passage of clear water heat exchanger, and it comprises: clear water water inlet pipe, water-inlet header, clear water pipe, go out water manifold and Graceful water pipe; Clear water enters from clear water water inlet pipe, by water-inlet header, is distributed in the clear water pipe of several levels, then is aggregated into out water manifold, finally flows out from Graceful water pipe.
4. according to a kind of anti-corrosion heat exchanger according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described refrigerant loop, it comprises: the pipe outer flow passage in cylindrical shell, refrigeration oxidant layer and clear water heat exchanger; In heat exchanger cylindrical shell, refrigeration oxidant layer swims in the top of seawater room, and cold-producing medium is from seawater heat absorption evaporation, and steam rises, and enters the pipe outer flow passage of clear water heat exchanger, after heat release condensation, then drops onto refrigeration oxidant layer.
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| CN201310128610.5A CN103206812B (en) | 2013-04-02 | 2013-04-02 | Anticorrosion heat exchanger |
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| CN103206812B true CN103206812B (en) | 2015-07-08 |
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| CN110422276B (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2020-09-29 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Sea water environment simulation device and method under motion condition |
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| JP2006081987A (en) * | 2004-09-15 | 2006-03-30 | Green Seiju:Kk | Distilled water production system |
| CN1731063A (en) * | 2005-08-18 | 2006-02-08 | 吴植仁 | Anti-corrosive double axial flow spiral-plate heat exchange with outwards drawn heat exchange core |
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Effective date of registration: 20230411 Address after: Room 402, Building A, No. 20 Xinghai Road, Hanan Industrial New City, Harbin Economic and Technological Development Zone, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, 150000 Patentee after: HIT (HARBIN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY) KINT TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: 150100 Xinxing Village, Xinxing Township, Shuangcheng City, Heilongjiang Province Patentee before: HEILONGJIANG JINYONG SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co.,Ltd. |
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