CN103203603A - Method for manufacturing crane arm support - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing crane arm support Download PDFInfo
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- CN103203603A CN103203603A CN 201310143854 CN201310143854A CN103203603A CN 103203603 A CN103203603 A CN 103203603A CN 201310143854 CN201310143854 CN 201310143854 CN 201310143854 A CN201310143854 A CN 201310143854A CN 103203603 A CN103203603 A CN 103203603A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a crane arm support. The method comprises the following steps of: 1, dividing the crane arm support into a head, a middle and a root, wherein the head is mainly of a box beam structure, the middle is mainly of a truss structure, and the root is mainly of a combined structure of trusses and a variable-section box body; 2, constructing a low assembled scaffold which comprises a horizontal scaffold and a low scaffold; 3, hanging the head, the middle and the root to the low assembled scaffold; 4, with the center line of the arm support as a reference, assembling the middle part at first, then assembling the root, and finally assembling the head, wherein the head, the middle and the root are all fixed on the low assembled scaffold; and 5, integrally lifting the head, the middle and the root, and assembling a high assembled scaffold. According to the technical scheme, the method for manufacturing a large-size crane arm support is provided, so that a crane with heavy weight and large size can be manufactured conveniently.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of goliath, more particularly, relate to a kind of preparation method of crane arm support.
Background technology
Large-scale floating crane jib structure is to realize that large-scale floating crane lifts by crane height, hangs and carry one of big topmost member.Because the continuous increase that floating crane hangs loading capability, the jib structure deadweight will increase thereupon, consider the factor of aspects such as alleviating jib own wt and structural strength, the truss structure that large-scale floating crane jib is good based on mutual harmony, stability is strong.Because the jib monnolithic case is big, from great, complex structure, be subjected to the restriction of manufacturing capacity, lifting ability and the turn-over capacity of workshop, originally small-sized crane barge jib technology made in one piece is inapplicable, needs to adopt new manufacture method.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention aims to provide a kind of preparation method of crane arm support, solves the problem that is difficult to handle big weight, the installation of large scale crane in the prior art.
According to the present invention, a kind of preparation method of crane arm support is provided, comprise: step 1, crane arm support is divided into head, middle part and root, wherein head based on box-beam structure, middle part based on truss structure, the root combining structure based on truss and variable cross-section casing; Step 2 is built low assembly unit moulding bed, and it comprises horizontal moulding bed and low moulding bed; Step 3 is on head, middle part and the extremely low assembly unit moulding bed of root lifting; Step 4 is benchmark with the center line of jib, first assembly unit middle part, and assembly unit root again, last assembly unit head, head, middle part and root are all fixed with low assembly unit moulding bed; Step 5 is raised head, middle part and root integral body, and high assembly unit moulding bed is installed.
According to one embodiment of the invention, head is divided into four part assemblies, comprise parts and two parts seal case structure in top middle portion assembly, the middle-end, offer the technology manhole in described seal case structure.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the middle part comprises two main chords of symmetry, three of described main chords adopt when being shaped the both sides vertical position welding of first dividing plate, dividing plate downhand welding again, last two webs and base plate downhand weld also from the middle to both ends direction carry out the welding sequence of multilayer multiple tracks.
According to one embodiment of the invention, it is fixing to adopt framework, Karma that the case beam of two main chords is superposeed back-to-back on four sides when main chord is shaped, and symmetry freezes then.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the main chord of making is arranged on the horizontal moulding bed, the connection stay tube is installed, make it form whole lateral plate; Left and right lateral plate truss is stood up 90 ° of settings respectively, connect the horizontal stay tube of levels and middle down tube, adjust size and the moulding of freezing.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the main chord of making is arranged on the horizontal moulding bed, stay tube and I-steel that two main chords connect are installed respectively, make it form whole upper and lower.
According to one embodiment of the invention, will descend the sheet truss to be placed on the oblique moulding bed; Jacking moulding bed, raceway beam are set, last slice truss are lifted to the jacking moulding bed, connect vertical stay tube, down tube and diagonal brace case beam between upper and lower truss, adjust size and the moulding of freezing.
According to one embodiment of the invention, root comprises the root end face and the root tie-beam that is connected the root end face of two symmetries.
According to one embodiment of the invention, jib under level, jib root lower surface tilt alpha angle.The base assemblies of jib root end face lifts it to the oblique moulding bed of tilt alpha angle after moulding is freezed in assembly unit on the horizontal moulding bed, again assembly unit plate, orthogonal strut, top truss and down tube successively.
According to one embodiment of the invention, it is fixing that the steel wire rope of the side force that produces when utilization can be born lifting is opened shelves with the large-scale floating crane double hook, makes double hook center and jib center of gravity on same plumb line.
According to one embodiment of the invention, main chord is the Q690E high-tensile structural steel.
Adopt technical scheme of the present invention, a kind of preparation method of goliath jib can be provided, thereby can be convenient to make big weight, large-sized crane.
Description of drawings
In the present invention, identical Reference numeral is represented identical feature all the time, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of gib arm of crane stand manufacturing method of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the signal of truss-like jib general structure;
Fig. 3 is the signal of jib head construction;
Fig. 4 is the signal of jib central structure;
Fig. 5 is the signal of jib root structure;
Fig. 6 is each the modular construction signal of jib head;
Fig. 7 is each the modular construction signal of jib middle part;
Fig. 8 is the signal of main chord cross section;
Fig. 9 is three moulding welding sequences;
Figure 10 is framework/Karma fixed case beam;
Figure 11 A and Figure 11 B are that assembly 201 closes up signal;
Figure 12 A and Figure 12 B are that assembly 203 closes up signal;
Figure 13 is each the modular construction signal of jib root;
Figure 14 A and Figure 14 B are that assembly 301 closes up signal;
Figure 15 A is and Figure 15 B assembly unit on low moulding bed that is jib;
Figure 16 A is to be jib assembly unit on high moulding bed with Figure 16 B;
Figure 17 A, Figure 17 B and Figure 17 C are that jib always lifts signal.
The specific embodiment
Further specify technical scheme of the present invention below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
The preparation method of large-scale floating crane truss-like jib has not only solved the manufacturing capacity deficiency of workshop and the restriction of turn-over capacity, and has improved the manufacturing efficient of large-scale jib, effectively prevents the lifting distortion, to guarantee to realize its design function.Preparation method main innovate point of the present invention is:
1, big to profile, from great, baroque large-scale floating crane jib structure, the method that adopts equitable subsection to make, divide into groups transhipment, outfield integral assembling has solved workshop manufacturing capacity deficiency, turn-over capacity deficiency, the not enough difficult point of workshop lifting ability.
2, the main chord of jib is long and narrow case joist steel structure, adopt the symmetry making back-to-back of two main chord casings, design reversible deformation frock, select rational welding sequence, overcome the big difficult point of single long and narrow case beam welding deformation, guaranteed that the linearity of main chord, flatness are up to standard.
3, the main chord of jib mainly is welded by the Q690E high-tensile structural steel, to reduce its construction weight and appearance and size.The intensity of Q690E steel is higher but toughness is relatively poor, by adopting weld preheating, postweld heat preservation, little standard multi-pass welding to connect, adjust means such as welding sequence, be prone to cold crack, the problem of defective such as fusion not when having overcome the high-strength steel welding, improved the welding quality of main chord case beam.
4, according to the characteristics of jib ultralong overweight, designed the multistage Hoisting Program of multiple spot, reduced every some maximum weighted, effectively controlled the deflection in the jib integral hoisting process, for the smooth lifting of member provides safety guarantee.
As shown in Figure 1, according to These characteristics, gib arm of crane stand manufacturing method of the present invention comprises 5 key steps and a plurality of additional step, and wherein key step is:
S1: crane arm support is divided into head, middle part and root, wherein head based on box-beam structure, middle part based on truss structure, the root combining structure based on truss and variable cross-section casing;
S2: build low assembly unit moulding bed, it comprises horizontal moulding bed and low moulding bed;
S3: on head, middle part and the extremely low assembly unit moulding bed of root lifting;
S4: the center line with jib is benchmark, first assembly unit middle part, and assembly unit root again, last assembly unit head, head, middle part and root are all fixed with low assembly unit moulding bed;
S5: head, middle part and root integral body are raised, high assembly unit moulding bed is installed.
Decompose above-mentioned key step according to the structure of crane arm support below, and the detailed preparation method of each step is described.
The jib general structure
As shown in Figure 2, large-scale floating crane jib is made up of jib head 1, jib middle part 2, jib root 3 three parts mainly based on truss structure.
Jib head 1 structure
As shown in Figure 3, jib head 1 is the olecranon form, based on box-beam structure, the structure of escapement support, luffing pulley yoke, main suspension hook fixed pulley frame, secondary suspension hook fixed pulley group and rigging hook changed course pulley is installed, and structure is comparatively complicated, and making is had relatively high expectations.
Jib middle part 2 structures
As shown in Figure 4, jib middle part 2 is mainly based on truss structure, be symmetrically arranged and be formed by connecting by main chord, horizontal stay tube, oblique arm, I-beam, and carrying the effect of each winding system transition that distributes, changed course pulley, span between each related bearing is bigger, and namely the morpheme dimensional requirement is higher relatively.Wherein, eight main chords have adopted the low-alloy high-strength steel Q690E long and narrow box-beam structure that is welded, the difficult control of welding quality.
Jib root 3 structures
As shown in Figure 5, the jib root 3 main versions that adopt truss-like and variable cross-section box body combinations.Both sides jib hinge structure is the variable cross-section casing, is the Area Using Multidimensional Space Angle structure, and relative morpheme size Control requires high when making assembly unit.
According to said structure, describe the preparation method of crane arm support of the present invention below in detail.
The setting-out blanking
Be the intersection form between down tube and the main chord case beam, for satisfying fit-up gap and welding quality, down tube is jacking and adopt intersection-line cutting machine to carry out bevel cut in advance.
It is prefabricated to divide into groups
(1) the jib head 1
As shown in Figure 6, jib head 1 belongs to part (highly reaching 15 meters) the highest in the jib structure, in order to reduce manufacture difficulty, to reduce the construction operation height, it is prefabricated that each case beam, the connecting branch of jib head 1 divided into groups, and is divided into four assemblies (being respectively 101,102,103,104).
Wherein, assembly 101, assembly 104 are the seal case structure, are convenient construction personnel box house construction operation during construction, are chosen in the appropriate location and offer casual labour artist hole.
(2) the jib middle part 2
As shown in Figure 7, jib middle part 2 belongs to the heaviest in the jib structure, (weight reaches 1170 tons to the appearance and size the best part, length reaches 92 meters), in order to satisfy the manufacturing ability in workshop, jib middle part 2 is divided into four big assemblies (being respectively 201-2 cover, 202,203) makes separately.
Wherein, jib has been installed each winding system transition pulley and changed course pulley support as the supporting construction of various winding systems at jib middle part 2 assemblies 202,203.
Main chord is made moulding: as shown in Figure 8, main chord has adopted the low-alloy high-strength steel Q690E long and narrow box-beam structure that is welded, be furnished with in the case beam and the dividing plate of parts such as oblique arm, H-post to muscle, each partition is seal case, the method of weldering of reburning of assembling moulding routinely can cause the workmen can't normal operation in long and narrow and small casing as main chord.Therefore, need rationally to arrange welding sequence, set up frock, formulate special-purpose welding WPS, reduce welding as far as possible to the long and narrow case beam of main chord linearity, the influence of opening shelves.
As shown in Figure 9, the main chord of the symmetrical long and narrow case beam section of rule, I-steel on horizontal moulding bed, are prefabricated into assembly in advance on request.Main chord case beam is selected the Q690E steel for use, and its intensity is higher, but toughness is relatively poor.Therefore, adopt during three moulding the both sides vertical position welding of first dividing plate, dividing plate downhand welding again, last two webs and base plate downhand weld and from the middle to both ends direction carry out the reasonable welding sequence (order for 1.-2.-3.-4.) of multilayer multiple tracks, according to special-purpose high-strength steel Q690E welding procedure specification (WPS) WPS requirement, adopt the continual welding manner of ultralow hydrogen type welding material, weld preheating (preheat temperature need reach 150 ℃), postweld heat preservation (temperature is controlled about 230 ℃) to weld, the control interlayer temperature is not less than preheat temperature.As shown in figure 10, in four sides moulding when welding, adopt framework, Karma that the method that two main chord case beams superpose fixing is back-to-back increased rigidity, then the symmetry minimizing welding deformation that freezes.Treat main chord cooling back dismounting framework, Karma, detect whole linearity, flatness, the overproof place of local size can adjust to the right place by the method for plate fairing by hot working.
Jib middle part 2 assemblies 201 close up moulding: shown in Figure 11 A and 11B, the main chord of making up and down is arranged on the horizontal moulding bed, the connection stay tube is installed on request, make it form whole lateral plate; Left sheet truss 4, right sheet truss 5 stood up respectively erect 90 ° and draw the anti-steel wire rope 6 that topples, connect the horizontal stay tube 7 of levels and middle down tube 8, adjust relative dimensions and freeze after qualified and be shaped to whole truss structure.
Jib middle part 2 assemblies 202 close up moulding: divide upper and lower truss fabrication at the horizontal moulding bed of workshop, wherein forward and backward connecting branch is selected on-the-spot directly mounting means, the accuracy of the transition pulley that has guaranteed to arrange on 202 upper and lower truss of assembly, the location dimension of changed course pulley bracket.
Jib middle part 2 assemblies 203 close up moulding: shown in Figure 12 A and 12B, the main chord of making is arranged on the horizontal moulding bed, stay tube and I-steel that two main chords connect are installed respectively on request, make it form whole upper and lower; To descend sheet truss 10 to be placed on the oblique moulding bed, arrange jacking moulding bed 12, raceway beam 15, again last slice truss 9 is lifted to the jacking moulding bed 12, connect vertical stay tube 11, down tube 16 and diagonal brace case beam 13 between upper and lower truss, adjust relative dimensions and freeze after qualified and be shaped to whole truss structure.
After sheet truss, assembly 203 manufacturings are finished 202 about with jib middle part 2 assemblies 201, assembly, according to the related check standard to each assembly carry out an acceptance inspection qualified after, be transported to jib assembly unit place, outfield respectively.
(3) the jib root 3
As shown in figure 13, jib root 3 belongs to part (width reaches 40 meters) the wideest in the jib structure, in order to guarantee the positioning accuracy of variable cross-section casing space angle, is divided into three big assemblies (being respectively 301-2 cover, 302) and makes separately respectively.
After the manufacturing of sheet truss is finished about in the of 302 with jib root 3 parts 301, assembly, according to the related check standard to each assembly carry out an acceptance inspection qualified after, be transported to jib assembly unit place, outfield respectively.
The jib assembly unit
1) cleaning jib assembly unit place is marked center line and each assembly center line of jib on the ground, and is performed mark, marks the position line of assembly unit moulding bed (low moulding bed).
2) shown in Figure 15 A and 15B, jib assembly unit moulding bed layout is put in place, be to save the moulding bed material, can change a social system the laser levelling by increase clouts such as triangle board and batten at old moulding bed.
3) respectively jib root 3, middle part 2 and head 1 assembly 1-A are utilized the hydraulic flat car, transfer by lighter to jib assembly unit place, then each assembly is lifted to assembly unit moulding bed (low moulding bed), aim at the ground wire location with plumb bob, guarantee the perpendicularity of truss.
4) be benchmark with the jib center line, jib middle part 2 assemblies 201,202,203 are assembled into integral body, repetition measurement and adjust each pulley bracket, each craft port open a grade size, linearity, perpendicularity qualified after, utilize Karma that itself and assembly unit moulding bed (low moulding bed) are fixed.Then, each craft port surplus of mowing (can put in advance and weld allowance for shrinkage about 3mm) is welded by the welding requirements of description of Related Art, makes jib middle part 2 close up moulding.
5) be benchmark with the jib center line, 301 liang of covers of jib root 3 assemblies are drawn close to jib middle part 2 respectively, repetition measurement is also adjusted craft port, jib hinge hole and jib middle part 2 relative positioning sizes, then assembly 301 and assembly unit moulding bed (low moulding bed) is fixed.After treating to adjust to the right place in jib root 3 assemblies 301 and jib middle part 2, adjust location jib root 3 assemblies 302 middle contact truss again and respectively open a grade size, the craft port between the straightening members, mowing craft port surplus, and spot welding location, place, connectivity port Karma.Repetition measurement is respectively opened the qualified back welding of grade size, makes jib root 3 and jib middle part 2 close up moulding.
6) be benchmark with the jib center line, jib head 1 assembly 1-A is drawn close to piecing together good jib middle part 2, assurance jib head 1 is opened a grade size and is reached drawing requirement (considering the weld seam allowance for shrinkage), and then junction spot welding location Karma, and the interface between correction component is to guarantee that interface is intact.Repetition measurement is respectively opened the qualified back welding of grade size, makes jib head 1 assembly 1-A and jib middle part 2 close up moulding.
7) jib root 3, middle part 2, head 1 assembly 1-A assembly unit good after, utilize laser that it is carried out integral body line processing middle part 2 and head 1 assembly 1-A goes up each pulley hole and root 3 hinge holes.This operation greatly reduces mach operation height, has reduced the risk operation, has improved axis hole machined precision.
8) shown in Figure 16 A and 16B, jib root 3, middle part 2, head 1 assembly 1-A integral body are raised, be placed on the high assembly unit moulding bed (be benchmark with ground jib center line, rearrange).Readjust whole level, perpendicularity qualified after, fix with high assembly unit moulding bed, to guarantee the stability of jib.
9) jib head 1 assembly 1-B adopts anti-assembling process after assembly unit is finished on the horizontal moulding bed, and it is stood up total assembly state that is adjusted to.Be benchmark with the jib center line, jib head 1 assembly 1-B is drawn close to jib head 1 assembly 1-A again, repetition measurement is also adjusted the location dimension in craft port, each pulley hole, then assembly 1-B and high assembly unit moulding bed are fixed, simultaneously utilize end wall bracket 23 to prop up in end, prevent that structural member from gliding.At last, dock welding by the welding requirements of description of Related Art and WPS, make jib integral body close up moulding.
10) utilize laser that jib is carried out integral body line processing jib head 1 assembly 1-B and go up each pulley hole.
11) main suspension hook fixed pulley support 27, secondary suspension hook fixed pulley group 28 and the pulley that respectively alters course are installed, are made large-scale jib general assembly tonnage control in the facility limit of power of production base.
By above-mentioned jib assembling scheme, accurately controlled the whole morpheme size of jib, axis hole tolerance, make the realization fully of the function of jib.
The jib general assembly
12000T crane barge jib structure+main suspension hook fixed pulley support 27+ pulley weight that respectively alters course reaches 2680T, is difficult for adopting 4 traditional horizontal hanging methods, because of its to each hanger intensity, arrange that hanger regional structure requirement of strength is very high.For controlling the malformation amount in the jib integral hoisting process safely and effectively and reducing the lift heavy load of single suspension centre, research determines to adopt the multistage hoisting technology scheme of large-scale floating crane double hook multiple spot (to be divided on the jib and to put 16 suspension centres, single suspension centre only need carry 210T), and do two the decomposition by shackle 25 and steel wire rope 24, make on the suspension hook weight as far as possible average mark be downloaded on each suspension centre.
Shown in Figure 17 A, 17B and 17C, suspension centre is arranged in the main chord top panel that there is the stay tube intersectional region at jib middle part 2, with web muscle is freezed; For preventing overturning, swing, tilt in lifting, the displacement, the steel wire rope of the side force that produces when utilization can be born lifting is opened shelves with the large-scale floating crane double hook and is fixed, and makes double hook center and jib center of gravity 26 on same plumb line; The steel wire rope of large-scale floating crane double hook both sides is too short, easily produce very big side force, gib head, jib structure spare there are bigger impact, so, the wire rope handling mode of many group steel wire ropes connected by adopting large-scale shackle, increased the relative altitude of large-scale floating crane double hook head and jib, dwindle large-scale floating crane double hook both sides steel wire rope angle, side force, improved the safety coefficient of jib lifting, realized the load sharing Hoisting Program, it is stressed to have effectively reduced suspension centre, avoids hoisting process because of stressed excessive the distortion.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will be appreciated that above specification only is one or more embodiments among the numerous embodiment of the present invention, and is not to use limitation of the invention.Any for the above embodiment equalization variation, modification and be equal to technical schemes such as alternative, as long as connotation scope according to the invention, all will drop in the scope that claims of the present invention protect.
Claims (12)
1. the preparation method of a crane arm support is characterized in that, comprising:
Step 1 is divided into head, middle part and root with crane arm support, wherein head based on box-beam structure, middle part based on truss structure, the root combining structure based on truss and variable cross-section casing;
Step 2 is built low assembly unit moulding bed, and it comprises horizontal moulding bed and low moulding bed;
Step 3 is on head, middle part and the extremely low assembly unit moulding bed of root lifting;
Step 4 is benchmark with the center line of jib, first assembly unit middle part, and assembly unit root again, last assembly unit head, head, middle part and root are all fixed with low assembly unit moulding bed;
Step 5 is raised head, middle part and root integral body, and high assembly unit moulding bed is installed.
2. the preparation method of crane arm support as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, head is divided into four part assemblies, comprises parts and two parts seal case structure in top middle portion assembly, the middle-end, offers the technology manhole in described seal case structure.
3. the preparation method of crane arm support as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the middle part comprises two main chords of symmetry, three of described main chords adopt when being shaped the both sides vertical position welding of first dividing plate, dividing plate downhand welding again, last two webs and base plate downhand weld also from the middle to both ends direction carry out the welding sequence of multilayer multiple tracks.
4. the preparation method of crane arm support as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, it is fixing to adopt framework, Karma that the case beam of two main chords is superposeed back-to-back on four sides when described main chord is shaped, and symmetry freezes then.
5. the preparation method of crane arm support as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, the main chord of making is arranged on the horizontal moulding bed, installs to connect stay tube, makes it form whole lateral plate; Left and right lateral plate truss is stood up 90 ° of settings respectively, connect the horizontal stay tube of levels and middle down tube, adjust size and the moulding of freezing.
6. the preparation method of crane arm support as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, the main chord of making is arranged on the horizontal moulding bed, and stay tube and I-steel that two main chords connect are installed respectively, makes it form whole upper and lower.
7. the preparation method of crane arm support as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, will descend the sheet truss to be placed on the oblique moulding bed; Jacking moulding bed, raceway beam are set, last slice truss are lifted to the jacking moulding bed, connect vertical stay tube, down tube and diagonal brace case beam between upper and lower truss, adjust size and the moulding of freezing.
8. the preparation method of crane arm support as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, root comprises the root end face and the root tie-beam that is connected the root end face of two symmetries.
9. the preparation method of crane arm support as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, jib under level, jib root lower surface tilt alpha angle.The base assemblies of jib root end face lifts it to the oblique moulding bed of tilt alpha angle after moulding is freezed in assembly unit on the horizontal moulding bed, again assembly unit plate, orthogonal strut, top truss and down tube successively.
10. the preparation method of crane arm support as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, at jib at least 16 suspension centres is set, and does two the decomposition by shackle and steel wire rope; Described suspension centre is arranged in the main chord top panel that there is the stay tube intersectional region at the jib middle part, with web muscle is freezed.
11. the preparation method of crane arm support as claimed in claim 10 is characterized in that, it is fixing that the steel wire rope of the side force that produces when utilization can be born lifting is opened shelves with the large-scale floating crane double hook, makes double hook center and jib center of gravity on same plumb line.
12. the preparation method of crane arm support as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, main chord is the Q690E high-tensile structural steel.
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2013
- 2013-04-23 CN CN 201310143854 patent/CN103203603A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2013-07-15 CN CN201310295826.0A patent/CN103332611B/en active Active
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CN103332611B (en) | 2015-08-26 |
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