CN103199584A - Solar cell charger - Google Patents
Solar cell charger Download PDFInfo
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- CN103199584A CN103199584A CN2013101093579A CN201310109357A CN103199584A CN 103199584 A CN103199584 A CN 103199584A CN 2013101093579 A CN2013101093579 A CN 2013101093579A CN 201310109357 A CN201310109357 A CN 201310109357A CN 103199584 A CN103199584 A CN 103199584A
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- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- AEEAZFQPYUMBPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [I].[W] Chemical compound [I].[W] AEEAZFQPYUMBPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000652 nickel hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004801 process automation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a solar cell charger which comprises a solar cell array, a storage battery, two charging circuits and at least one charging part. The charging part is provided with a positive pole output end and a negative pole output end, wherein the positive pole output end and the negative pole output end are respectively used for connecting a positive pole and a negative pole of an external battery to be charged. The charging circuits comprises rectifying circuits, output indicating circuits, charging indicating circuits, charging fully indicating circuits, amplification circuits, bleeder circuits, voltage stabilizing circuits and integration op-amp chips LM324. According to the solar cell charger, electricity can be stored to keep charging currents to be stable in the charging process, charging to a battery can be still carried out when lights are weak, or solar power does not exist, and multiple indicating lights are arranged, various indicating states can be indicated, thus the solar cell charger has good market application prospects. In addition, the solar cell charger is low in cost, high in benefit, high in practical value and further capable of designing and forming a solar charging demonstration instrument which is used for teaching demonstration and has good teaching demonstration effects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the solar charging electrical domain, particularly relate to a kind of solar battery charger.
Background technology
Solar energy is a kind of pollution-free green energy, and it is economical and practical to make the multifunction electric electrolytic battery charger with solar panel, and because volume is little, is convenient for carrying.Often will arrive excursion to some and particularly arrive relatively places of difficulty of some power supplies, its effect is apparent especially.
And, now China's mobile phone hold rate than higher, if promote solar battery charger, will bring considerable economic to country every year so, simultaneously environment is played a protective role.Solar battery charger is applied to charging mobile phone battery, with respect to other solar power supply unit, and less demanding to solar cell, as long as voltage can reach more than 4.5 volts, electric current gets final product environmental protection, energy-saving and emission-reduction more than reaching 100mA, cost performance is outstanding, the feasibility height.
But the solar battery charger product on the market often can only charge by certain specific model battery product now, and can't realize starting charging automatically and stop charging, is subjected to weather effect bigger simultaneously, uses and is subjected to bigger restriction.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is that a kind of novel solar battery charger is provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a kind of solar battery charger, and it comprises solar battery array, storage battery, two charging circuits and at least one charging part; Described charging part arranges cathode output end and cathode output end, is respectively applied to connect positive pole, the negative pole of outside battery to be charged; Described charging circuit comprises rectification circuit, output indicating circuit, charging indication, is full of indicating circuit, amplifying circuit, bleeder circuit, voltage stabilizing circuit, integrated transporting discharging chip LM324; The positive pole of described solar battery array is connected to the input of the rectification circuit of first charging circuit; The output of rectification circuit is connected respectively to the input of output indicating circuit, charging indication, amplifying circuit, bleeder circuit, voltage stabilizing circuit, and 4 pin of integrated transporting discharging chip LM324; The output head grounding of output indicating circuit; The output of charging indication also connects respectively and is full of the input of indicating circuit, 1 pin of integrated transporting discharging chip LM324; The output that is full of indicating circuit is connected with 7 pin of integrated transporting discharging chip LM324; Bleeder circuit comprises the adjustable side of positive pole, negative pole, the 6th resistance, the 7th resistance and the 8th adjustable resistance of second resistance that is linked in sequence, the 3rd diode, one end of second resistance is connected with the output of rectification circuit, and the other end of the 8th adjustable resistance is connected altogether with negative pole, 11 pin of integrated transporting discharging chip LM324, the negative pole of storage battery, the cathode output end of described solar battery array respectively; The adjustable side of the 8th adjustable resistance also is connected with 5 pin of integrated transporting discharging chip LM324; Amplifying circuit arranges triode, the 3rd resistance and the 4th resistance, the emitter of triode connects the output of rectification circuit, an end of the 3rd resistance, the collector electrode of triode connects the other end of second resistance, the base stage of triode connects the other end of the 3rd resistance, an end of the 4th resistance respectively, and the other end of the 4th resistance connects the output of charging indication; Voltage stabilizing circuit arranges the 5th resistance and the pressurizer TL431 of series connection, one end of the 5th resistance connects the output of rectification circuit, the plus earth of pressurizer TL431 is connected with the other end, 2 pin of integrated transporting discharging chip LM324,6 pin of negative electrode, the 5th resistance with reference to the utmost point; 3 pin of integrated transporting discharging chip LM324 are connected to the centre of the 6th resistance and the 7th resistance; The positive pole of described storage battery is connected respectively to the input of rectification circuit of negative pole, second charging circuit of the 3rd diode of first charging circuit by a switch; Cathode output end is connected with the negative pole of the 3rd diode of the bleeder circuit of second charging circuit.
Be combined application with technique scheme, in the described solar battery charger, between second resistance of the bleeder circuit of second charging circuit and the 3rd diode the 21 resistance be set also.
Be combined application with above-mentioned arbitrary related art scheme, described solar battery charger comprises at least two described charging part.
Be combined application with above-mentioned arbitrary technical scheme, in the described solar battery charger, the cathode output end of described charging part and cathode output end arrange the self adaptation joint of a pair of coupling, are used for connecting and fixing different battery to be charged.
Be combined application with above-mentioned arbitrary technical scheme, described solar battery charger also arranges the probe of corresponding connection with cathode output end and measures display circuit.
Be combined application with above-mentioned arbitrary technical scheme, in the described solar battery charger, described solar battery array, the solar battery group that comprises 5 groups of parallel connections, each solar battery group comprises 4 solar cells of series connection, and the open circuit voltage of every solar cell is that 4.2V, short circuit current are 75mA.
Be combined application with above-mentioned arbitrary technical scheme, in the described solar battery charger, described storage battery is composed in series by the lithium battery that two 3.6V, 1000mAh carry the super-charge super-discharge circuit.
Be combined application with above-mentioned arbitrary technical scheme, in the described solar battery charger, charging indication comprises the 4th light-emitting diode and the tenth resistance of series connection, and the positive pole of the 4th light-emitting diode connects the output of rectification circuit.
Be combined application with above-mentioned arbitrary technical scheme, in the described solar battery charger, the output indicating circuit comprises the series circuit of second light-emitting diode and first resistance, and first electric capacity in parallel with this series circuit; The positive pole of first electric capacity is connected with the positive pole of second light-emitting diode, connects the output of rectification circuit jointly.
Be combined application with above-mentioned arbitrary technical scheme, in the described solar battery charger, be full of the 5th light-emitting diode and the 9th resistance that indicating circuit comprises series connection, the positive pole of the 5th light-emitting diode connects the output of rectification circuit.
The solar battery charger that the technical characterictic of above-mentioned each technical scheme is combined to form mutually.
Adopt such scheme, the present invention is by two charging circuits of design, can electric power storage stablize to keep the charging process charging current, when still charging to battery a little less than the light or when not having solar energy, and be provided with a plurality of indicator lights, can indicate various charged states, thereby have good market application prospect; And this solar battery charger is with low cost, high efficiency, and practical value is big, can also design to form the solar recharging demonstrator that teaching demonstration uses, and has good teaching demonstration effect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit theory schematic diagram of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is charging current and the time relationship schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is charging voltage and the time relationship schematic diagram of the described embodiment of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
Present embodiment provides a kind of solar battery charger, and it comprises solar battery array, storage battery, two charging circuits and at least one charging part; Described charging part arranges cathode output end and cathode output end, is respectively applied to connect positive pole, the negative pole of outside battery to be charged.For example, it comprises a charging part, and the cathode output end of described charging part and cathode output end arrange the self adaptation joint of a pair of coupling, is used for connecting and fixing different battery to be charged.Preferably, it comprises two or more charging part, and each charging part arranges a cathode output end and a cathode output end respectively.And for example, it comprises first charging circuit and second charging circuit; Perhaps first charging circuit is called the prime charging circuit, second charging circuit is called back level charging circuit.
For example, as shown in Figure 4, a kind of solar battery charger, it comprises solar battery array, prime charging circuit, storage battery, back level charging circuit and two charging part that are linked in sequence, and is respectively applied to charge to cell-phone charging pond, 1.2V rechargable battery.
For example, described solar battery array comprises the solar battery group of 5 groups of parallel connections, and each solar battery group comprises 4 solar cells of series connection, and the open circuit voltage of every solar cell is that 4.2V, short circuit current are 75mA.Preferably, each solar battery group is arranged on the module, so that dismounting; Preferably, described module periphery arranges some lug bosses, and the one side of its contiguous solar battery group arranges reflective mirror, is used for flashing back the sunlight solar battery group.Preferably, lug boss is the strip of strip or bending, and a reflecting surface is set, and described reflective mirror is arranged on the reflecting surface.Preferably, described solar cell is monocrystaline silicon solar cell; Preferably, the one side that described monocrystaline silicon solar cell deviates from sunlight arranges some viscosity portion, is used for pasting fixing described monocrystaline silicon solar cell.And for example, described storage battery is lithium storage battery, and for example, described storage battery is composed in series by the lithium battery that two 3.6V, 1000mAh carry the super-charge super-discharge circuit.
Described charging circuit comprises rectification circuit, output indicating circuit, charging indication, is full of indicating circuit, amplifying circuit, bleeder circuit, voltage stabilizing circuit, integrated transporting discharging chip LM324; For example, described prime charging circuit comprises that front end rectification circuit, front end output indicating circuit, front end charging indication, front end are full of indicating circuit, frontend amplifying circuit, front end bleeder circuit, front end voltage stabilizing circuit, front end integrated transporting discharging chip LM324; Same, described back level charging circuit comprises that rear end rectification circuit, rear end output indicating circuit, rear end charging indication, rear end are full of indicating circuit, rear end amplifying circuit, rear end bleeder circuit, rear end voltage stabilizing circuit, rear end integrated transporting discharging chip LM324.
As shown in Figure 1, the positive pole of described solar battery array is connected to the input of front end rectification circuit; The output of front end rectification circuit is connected respectively to the input of front end output indicating circuit, front end charging indication, frontend amplifying circuit, front end bleeder circuit, front end voltage stabilizing circuit, and 4 pin of front end integrated transporting discharging chip LM324.As shown in Figure 1, the front end rectification circuit is the first diode D1, the positive pole of described solar battery array is connected to the positive pole of the first diode D1, and the negative pole of the first diode D1 is connected respectively to the positive pole of the second light-emitting diode D2, the positive pole of first capacitor C 1, the positive pole of the 4th light-emitting diode D4, an end of second resistance R 2, an end of the 3rd resistance R 3, an end of the 5th resistance R 5 and 4 pin of front end integrated transporting discharging chip LM324.
The output head grounding of front end output indicating circuit; As shown in Figure 1, front end output indicating circuit comprises the series circuit of the second light-emitting diode D2 and first resistance R 1, and first capacitor C 1 in parallel with this series circuit; The positive pole of first capacitor C 1 is connected with the positive pole of the second light-emitting diode D2, connects the output of front end rectification circuit jointly, and the negative pole of first capacitor C 1 is connected common ground with an end of first resistance R 1.
The output of front end charging indication also connects the input that front end is full of indicating circuit, 1 pin of front end integrated transporting discharging chip LM324 respectively; For example, as shown in Figure 1, the front end charging indication comprises the 4th light-emitting diode D4 and the tenth resistance R 10 of series connection, the positive pole of the 4th light-emitting diode D4 connects the output of rectification circuit, the negative pole of the 4th light-emitting diode D4 is connected to an end of the tenth resistance R 10, and the other end of the tenth resistance R 10 connects the input that front end is full of indicating circuit, 1 pin of front end integrated transporting discharging chip LM324 respectively.
The output that front end is full of indicating circuit is connected with 7 pin of front end integrated transporting discharging chip LM324; For example, as shown in Figure 1, front end is full of the 5th light-emitting diode D5 and the 9th resistance R 9 that indicating circuit comprises series connection, the positive pole of the 5th light-emitting diode D5 connects the output of front end rectification circuit, the negative pole of the 5th light-emitting diode D5 connects an end of the 9th resistance R 9, and the other end of the 9th resistance R 9 connects 7 pin of front end integrated transporting discharging chip LM324.
The front end bleeder circuit comprises the adjustable side of positive pole, negative pole, the 6th resistance R 6, the 7th resistance R 7 and the 8th adjustable resistance R8 of second resistance R 2 that is linked in sequence, the 3rd diode D3, one end of second resistance R 2 is connected with the output of rectification circuit, and the other end of the 8th adjustable resistance R8 is connected altogether with the negative pole of described solar battery array, 11 pin, the negative pole of storage battery, the cathode output end of front end integrated transporting discharging chip LM324 respectively; The adjustable side of the 8th adjustable resistance R8 also is connected with 5 pin of front end integrated transporting discharging chip LM324.
Frontend amplifying circuit arranges the first triode Q1, the 3rd resistance R 3 and the 4th resistance R 4, the emitter of the first triode Q1 connects the output of rectification circuit, an end of the 3rd resistance R 3, the collector electrode of the first triode Q1 connects the other end of second resistance R 2, the base stage of the first triode Q1 connects the other end of the 3rd resistance R 3, an end of the 4th resistance R 4 respectively, and the other end of the 4th resistance R 4 connects the output of charging indication.
The front end voltage stabilizing circuit arranges the 5th resistance R 5 and front end pressurizer TL431 of series connection, one end of the 5th resistance R 5 connects the output of front end rectification circuit, the plus earth of front end pressurizer TL431, the reference utmost point of front end pressurizer TL431 is connected with the other end of its negative electrode, the 5th resistance R 5,2 pin, 6 pin of front end integrated transporting discharging chip LM324.3 pin of front end integrated transporting discharging chip LM324 are connected to the centre of the 6th resistance R 6 and the 7th resistance R 7.
This circuit core part is made up of voltage comparator ic LM324 and precision voltage source IC TL431, LM324 is the four high guaily unit integrated circuit, and it adopts 14 pin dual-in-line Plastic Package, and inside comprises four groups of identical operational amplifiers of form, except power sharing, four groups of amplifiers are separate.TL431 is the adjustable shunting a reference source of three ends that good thermal stability is arranged.Its output voltage just can at random be set to from Vref(2.5V with two resistance) to the interior any value of 36V scope.TL431 provides the stable high-accuracy voltage of 2.5V as voltage-reference, the rechargeable battery end is obtained sampled voltage by electric resistance partial pressure, when voltage during greater than 2.5V circuit stop battery charge, No. 5/7 battery charge part is connected by resistance and is obtained the reference voltage of 1.4V from TL431, and circuit stops battery charge when charged battery voltage reaches 1.4V.
As shown in Figure 1, the positive pole of described storage battery is connected respectively to the input of the rectification circuit of the negative pole of the 3rd diode D3 of prime charging circuit, back level charging circuit by a switch SW 1;
Cathode output end is connected with the negative pole of the 3rd diode of the rear end bleeder circuit of back level charging circuit, as shown in Figure 1, for distinguishing mutually with the components and parts of prime charging circuit, the 3rd diode of back level charging circuit is also referred to as the 8th diode D8, and other components and parts also order difference are numbered and are respectively described below.
The output of rear end rectification circuit is connected respectively to the input of rear end output indicating circuit, rear end charging indication, rear end amplifying circuit, rear end bleeder circuit, rear end voltage stabilizing circuit, and 4 pin of rear end integrated transporting discharging chip LM324; As shown in Figure 1, the rear end rectification circuit is the 6th diode D6, the positive pole of described storage battery is connected to the positive pole of the 6th diode D6, and the negative pole of the 6th diode D6 is connected respectively to the positive pole of the 7th light-emitting diode D7, the positive pole of second capacitor C 2, the positive pole of the 9th light-emitting diode D9, an end of the 12 resistance R 12, an end of the 13 resistance R 13, an end of the 15 resistance R 15 and 4 pin of rear end integrated transporting discharging chip LM324.
The output head grounding of rear end output indicating circuit; As shown in Figure 1, rear end output indicating circuit comprises the series circuit of the 7th light-emitting diode D7 and the 11 resistance R 11, and second capacitor C 2 in parallel with this series circuit; The positive pole of second capacitor C 2 is connected with the positive pole of the 7th light-emitting diode D7, connects the output of rear end rectification circuit jointly, and the negative pole of second capacitor C 2 is connected common ground with an end of the 11 resistance R 11.
The output of rear end charging indication also connects the input that the rear end is full of indicating circuit, 1 pin of rear end integrated transporting discharging chip LM324 respectively; For example, as shown in Figure 1, the rear end charging indication comprises the 9th light-emitting diode D9 and the 20 resistance R 20 of series connection, the positive pole of the 9th light-emitting diode D9 connects the output of rectification circuit, the negative pole of the 9th light-emitting diode D9 is connected to an end of the 20 resistance R 20, and the other end of the 20 resistance R 20 connects the input that the rear end is full of indicating circuit, 1 pin of rear end integrated transporting discharging chip LM324 respectively.
The output that the rear end is full of indicating circuit is connected with 7 pin of rear end integrated transporting discharging chip LM324; For example, as shown in Figure 1, the rear end is full of the tenth light-emitting diode D10 and the 19 resistance R 19 that indicating circuit comprises series connection, the positive pole of the tenth light-emitting diode D10 connects the output of rear end rectification circuit, the negative pole of the tenth light-emitting diode D10 connects an end of the 19 resistance R 19, and the other end of the 19 resistance R 19 connects 7 pin of rear end integrated transporting discharging chip LM324.
The rear end bleeder circuit comprises the adjustable side of positive pole, negative pole, the 16 resistance R 16, the 17 resistance R 17 and the 18 adjustable resistance R18 of the 12 resistance R 12 that is linked in sequence, the 8th diode D8, one end of the 12 resistance R 12 is connected with the output of rectification circuit, and the other end of the 18 adjustable resistance R18 is connected altogether with negative pole, 11 pin of rear end integrated transporting discharging chip LM324, the negative pole of storage battery, the cathode output end of described solar battery array respectively; The adjustable side of the 18 adjustable resistance R18 also is connected with 5 pin of rear end integrated transporting discharging chip LM324.
The rear end amplifying circuit arranges the second triode Q2, the 13 resistance R 13 and the 14 resistance R 14, the emitter of the second triode Q2 connects the output of rectification circuit, an end of the 13 resistance R 13, the collector electrode of the second triode Q2 connects the other end of the 12 resistance R 12, the base stage of the second triode Q2 connects the other end of the 13 resistance R 13, an end of the 14 resistance R 14 respectively, and the other end of the 14 resistance R 14 connects the output of charging indication.
The rear end voltage stabilizing circuit arranges the 15 resistance R 15 and rear end pressurizer TL431 of series connection, one end of the 15 resistance R 15 connects the output of rear end rectification circuit, the plus earth of rear end pressurizer TL431, the reference utmost point of rear end pressurizer TL431 is connected with 2 pin, 6 pin of the other end of its negative electrode, the 15 resistance R 15, rear end integrated transporting discharging chip LM324.3 pin of rear end integrated transporting discharging chip LM324 are connected to the centre of the 16 resistance R 16 and the 17 resistance R 17.Preferably, between the 12 resistance R 12 of the bleeder circuit of second charging circuit and the 8th diode D8 the 21 resistance R 21 is set also.
An example is, D1, D3, D6, D8 are rectifier diode IN4001, and C1 is 1000 microfarads, and C2 is 470 microfarads, and Q1, Q2 are S8550; R1 is that 4.7k ohm, R2 are that 470k ohm, R3 are that 200 ohm, R4 are that 470 ohm, R5 are that 1.5k ohm, R6 are that 10k ohm, R7 are that 680 ohm, R8 are that adjustable 10k ohm, R9 are that 2k ohm, R10 are that 2k ohm, R11 are that 4.7k ohm, R12 are that 470k ohm, R13 are that 200 ohm, R14 are that 470 ohm, R15 are that 1.5k ohm, R16 are that 4.7k ohm, R17 are that 680 ohm, R18 are that adjustable 10k ohm, R19 are that 2k ohm, R20 are that 2k ohm, R21 are 10 ohm.
The application that combines with above-mentioned arbitrary embodiment, described solar battery charger also arrange the probe of corresponding connection with cathode output end and measure display circuit, and for example, a cathode output end correspondence arranges a probe; And for example, a probe is set, flexibly connects each cathode output end.
Preferably, for charging circuit, principle and the front stage circuits of late-class circuit are similar, and different is to utilize two voltage comparators of leaving a blank in the prime to design can give two circuit that 5/7 battery charges.
Further, embodiments of the invention can also be each technical characterictic of the various embodiments described above, the solar battery charger that is combined to form mutually.The solar battery charger of various embodiments of the present invention, can charge to all kinds of batteries of mobile phone and No. 5/7 battery, its circuit is mainly by voltage comparator ic LM324, high-accuracy voltage stabilizing IC TL431 forms, produce the reference voltage of a precision by TL431, obtain sampled voltage by divider resistance from the rechargable battery end again, compare with reference voltage, if do not reach the value of reference voltage then battery charged, if surpass the value of reference voltage then stop charging to battery, whole charging process automation need not manual intervention, is full of automatic stop.And it also is provided with the LED charging indicator light, is used to indicate charging process, and is provided with volometer and indicates whole charging process, can test the charging voltage and current of each several part circuit by control switch.
For solving the unsteadiness of solar energy input, be provided with the storage circuit part in the circuit of various embodiments of the present invention, realized by front stage circuits, stable to keep the charging process charging current, when still charging to battery a little less than the light or when not having solar energy; Connect solar panel during circuit working, i.e. solar battery array, the front stage circuits power lights is bright, then completely to fill indicator light bright if storage battery has been full of electricity, waits and go out otherwise completely fill indication, and circuit charges to storage battery; Put into the cell-phone charging pond, be full of electricity as battery and then completely filled indicator light and light, circuit is to battery charge, if dead battery then circuit battery is charged, charging indicator light is bright in the charging process, it is bright that charging finishes completely to fill indication etc., the charging indication waits goes out.Put into the rechargable battery of different sizes such as 1,5, No. 7, battery of mobile phone, if battery has been full of electric charging indicator light and has not worked, then circuit is to battery charge as if dead battery, and charging indicator light is bright, and charging finishes the back charging indicator light expression battery that goes out and completely fills.
This charger to the charging current of battery of mobile phone about 200mA, charging cut-ff voltage 4.2V; About the charging current 250mA to No. 5/7 battery, charging cut-ff voltage 1.4V; Can change charging current by the resistance of regulating charging current limiter resistance.
Because solar energy changes with weather, to overcome this variation, just need store photronic energy.For energy storage, this charger built-in lithium battery.Solar panel charges to rechargeable battery under sun-drenched situation, also lithium battery is charged simultaneously; When sunlight such as overcast and rainy weather or night were not enough, charger adopted built-in lithium battery that rechargeable battery is charged, thereby had guaranteed the continuation of charging under various meteorological conditions.According to above requirement, charger circuit is divided into front and back stages, front stage circuits input termination solar battery array, output termination lithium battery; Late-class circuit input termination lithium battery, output reception rechargeable battery, its charge path is: solar battery array → prime charging → lithium battery → back level charging → rechargeable battery, physical circuit is as shown in Figure 1.Front and back stages charging circuit structure, operation principle are basic identical.
As shown in Figure 1, front stage circuits mainly comprises a slice adjustable precision pressurizer TL431, is labeled as IC1 in the circuit, and a slice integrated transporting discharging LM324, is labeled as IC2A and IC2B in the circuit.Late-class circuit, same, mainly comprise a slice adjustable precision pressurizer TL431, be labeled as IC3 in the circuit, and a slice integrated transporting discharging LM324, be labeled as IC4A and IC4B in the circuit.D2 is power supply indicator, if solar battery array power output abundance, D2 can light, and this moment, the IC1 operate as normal produced accurate 2.5V voltage at output, and namely reverse input end 2 pin of the IC2A in the discharge circuit and IC2B and 6 pin voltages are 2.5V.When front stage circuits does not insert load, the loop dividing potential drop that input voltage constitutes via R2, R6, R7, R8, make the in-phase input end 3 pin voltages of amplifier IC2A be about 5.7V to 7.4V, be higher than 2 pin, this moment, amplifier IC2A output 1 pin was high level, and in like manner, the in-phase input end 5 pin voltages of amplifier IC2B are about 5.1V to 7.1V, be higher than 6 pin, thereby amplifier IC2B output 7 pin also are high level.Because 1,7 pin all is high level, so that prime charging indicator light D4 and prime are full of indicator light D5 is all not luminous, do not insert load in the indicating circuit.If the front stage circuits output inserts lithium battery, residual voltage in the battery is through R6, and R7 is after the R8 dividing potential drop, can make input in the same way 3, the 5 pin voltages of amplifier IC2A and IC2B all be lower than 2.5V, this moment, output 1,7 pin of amplifier IC2A and IC2B all was low level, and triode Q1 base stage is low level, the Q1 conducting, circuit charges to rechargable battery, and D4 lights, and indication is charged to battery.Along with the prolongation in charging interval, the voltage on the rechargable battery rises gradually.When lithium battery reaches nominal voltage, after R6, R7, R8 dividing potential drop, 3 pin of IC2A reach 2.5V, and this moment, the 5 pin voltages of IC2B still were lower than 2.5V, IC2A output 1 pin is high level, IC2B output 7 pin are low level, and the Q1 base stage is high level, is cut off, circuit stops the charging process to battery, D4 extinguishes, and D5 lights, and pilot cell is full of.
Charger late-class circuit and prime are closely similar, different is the resistance that should at first adjust divider resistance R18 before the charging, rechargeable battery is being full of, when reaching nominal voltage, forming just on in-phase input end 3 pin of amplifier IC4A is the voltage of 2.5V, thereby make IC4A be output as high level, Q2 is cut off, and battery charge finishes.
Charger can charge to the NI-G nickel hydride charging pond of 2 600～1000mAh or to single lithium rechargeable batteries; in order to match; the 2-3 that the capacity of built-in lithium battery generally should be rechargeable battery in the charger doubly; so this charger selects for use the lithium battery series connection of 2 1000mAh to constitute built-in lithium battery; the lithium inside battery of selecting for use carries overcurrent and under-voltage mistake and lets slip and fill protective device; for preventing the back discharge of lithium battery; be provided with diode D3 in the circuit; also be provided with protection switch SW1 in the circuit; charger should make lithium battery insert charger circuit by closed SW1 during normal the use, if need not disconnect SW1 for a long time to avoid the lithium battery discharge.
Another example, according to actual operating position, before using, circuit is debugged, make circuit energy operate as normal, debug process needs a voltmeter and a variable straightening stream voltage source, as shown in Figure 1, in front stage circuits, the voltage that adds 8.4V in the place of lithium battery, the value of change resistance R 8, the voltage that makes IC2 pin 3 is 2.5V; Same late-class circuit also needs to debug, and connects the voltage of 4.2V in the place in pond to be charged, changes the value of R18, and the voltage that makes IC4 pin 3 is 2.5V.So just, finished the debugging work of circuit, but circuit on-line operation after debugging is finished.
Another example is the working condition of check charger, and the application has manufactured experimently model machine, and model machine has been carried out test experiments, and the concrete grammar means of experiment are described as follows:
1. test used light source: because white light and natural sunlight composition that iodine-tungsten lamp sends are similar, be the repeatability that experiment is had, iodine-tungsten lamp with a 1kW in the test replaces the nature sunlight, during test it vertically is placed on from the about 75cm of the solar battery array of charger place, the first preheating of palpus is 10 minutes before the test beginning, so that it is luminous stable.
2. test used battery: two logical mobile phone lithium batteries of super power are in series model: SL-6688AS, and nominal voltage 3.6V, charging deboost 4.2V, rated capacity 1000mAh, elder generation is with its discharge off before the test.
3. experimental technique and process: measure electric current and the voltage of back level output respectively with digital multimeter, measuring the time interval is 5 minutes.
4. the test data chart is shown in Fig. 2,3, and at the charging initial stage, in 0～280 minute stage, charger is in the constant current charge charging stage, and its charging current is bigger, is about about 200mA, and charging voltage can constantly rise in this stage; Charging mid-term, in 270～300 minute stage, charging current reduces charging voltage rapidly then near saturation voltage 8.4V, and this moment, charger was in the constant voltage charge stage; When charging voltage arrived 8.38V, the expiring of charger, filled indicator light and light, and enters the trickle charge stage, usually after being in 300 minutes, charging current maintains the level of tens milliamperes, and charging voltage then is stabilized in about 8.40V always, and at this moment whole charging process just is through with.As seen this solar charger meets the charge characteristic of lithium electricity, can satisfy the lithium ion cell charging needs.
Need to prove that the mutual combination of above-mentioned each technical characterictic forms each embodiment, should be considered as the scope of specification record of the present invention.Should be understood that, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or conversion, and all these improvement and conversion all should belong to the protection range of claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a solar battery charger is characterized in that, comprises solar battery array, storage battery, two charging circuits and at least one charging part;
Described charging part arranges cathode output end and cathode output end, is respectively applied to connect positive pole, the negative pole of outside battery to be charged;
Described charging circuit comprises rectification circuit, output indicating circuit, charging indication, is full of indicating circuit, amplifying circuit, bleeder circuit, voltage stabilizing circuit, integrated transporting discharging chip LM324;
The positive pole of described solar battery array is connected to the input of the rectification circuit of first charging circuit;
The output of rectification circuit is connected respectively to the input of output indicating circuit, charging indication, amplifying circuit, bleeder circuit, voltage stabilizing circuit, and 4 pin of integrated transporting discharging chip LM324;
The output head grounding of output indicating circuit;
The output of charging indication also connects respectively and is full of the input of indicating circuit, 1 pin of integrated transporting discharging chip LM324;
The output that is full of indicating circuit is connected with 7 pin of integrated transporting discharging chip LM324;
Bleeder circuit comprises the adjustable side of positive pole, negative pole, the 6th resistance, the 7th resistance and the 8th adjustable resistance of second resistance that is linked in sequence, the 3rd diode, one end of second resistance is connected with the output of rectification circuit, and the other end of the 8th adjustable resistance is connected altogether with negative pole, 11 pin of integrated transporting discharging chip LM324, the negative pole of storage battery, the cathode output end of described solar battery array respectively;
The adjustable side of the 8th adjustable resistance also is connected with 5 pin of integrated transporting discharging chip LM324;
Amplifying circuit arranges triode, the 3rd resistance and the 4th resistance, the emitter of triode connects the output of rectification circuit, an end of the 3rd resistance, the collector electrode of triode connects the other end of second resistance, the base stage of triode connects the other end of the 3rd resistance, an end of the 4th resistance respectively, and the other end of the 4th resistance connects the output of charging indication;
Voltage stabilizing circuit arranges the 5th resistance and the pressurizer TL431 of series connection, one end of the 5th resistance connects the output of rectification circuit, the plus earth of pressurizer TL431 is connected with the other end, 2 pin of integrated transporting discharging chip LM324,6 pin of negative electrode, the 5th resistance with reference to the utmost point;
3 pin of integrated transporting discharging chip LM324 are connected to the centre of the 6th resistance and the 7th resistance;
The positive pole of described storage battery is connected respectively to the input of rectification circuit of negative pole, second charging circuit of the 3rd diode of first charging circuit by a switch;
Cathode output end is connected with the negative pole of the 3rd diode of the bleeder circuit of second charging circuit.
2. according to the described solar battery charger of claim 1, it is characterized in that, between second resistance of the bleeder circuit of second charging circuit and the 3rd diode the 21 resistance is set also.
3. according to the described solar battery charger of claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprise at least two described charging part.
4. according to the described solar battery charger of claim 1, it is characterized in that the cathode output end of described charging part and cathode output end arrange the self adaptation joint of a pair of coupling, be used for connecting and fixing different battery to be charged.
5. according to the described solar battery charger of claim 1, it is characterized in that, the probe of corresponding connection with cathode output end also is set and measures display circuit.
6. according to the described solar battery charger of claim 1, it is characterized in that, described solar battery array, the solar battery group that comprises 5 groups of parallel connections, each solar battery group comprises 4 solar cells of series connection, and the open circuit voltage of every solar cell is that 4.2V, short circuit current are 75mA.
7. according to the described solar battery charger of claim 1, it is characterized in that described storage battery is composed in series by the lithium battery that two 3.6V, 1000mAh carry the super-charge super-discharge circuit.
8. according to the described solar battery charger of claim 1, it is characterized in that charging indication comprises the 4th light-emitting diode and the tenth resistance of series connection, the positive pole of the 4th light-emitting diode connects the output of rectification circuit.
9. according to the described solar battery charger of claim 1, it is characterized in that the output indicating circuit comprises the series circuit of second light-emitting diode and first resistance, and first electric capacity in parallel with this series circuit; The positive pole of first electric capacity is connected with the positive pole of second light-emitting diode, connects the output of rectification circuit jointly.
10. according to the described solar battery charger of claim 1, it is characterized in that, be full of the 5th light-emitting diode and the 9th resistance that indicating circuit comprises series connection, the positive pole of the 5th light-emitting diode connects the output of rectification circuit.
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| CN201310109357.9A CN103199584B (en) | 2013-03-29 | 2013-03-29 | Solar cell charger |
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| CN201310109357.9A CN103199584B (en) | 2013-03-29 | 2013-03-29 | Solar cell charger |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016041125A1 (en) * | 2014-09-15 | 2016-03-24 | 深圳市聚作照明股份有限公司 | Automatic battery charging circuit for emergency illumination |
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| JP2001078368A (en) * | 1999-08-13 | 2001-03-23 | Sb Power Tool Co | Battery charger with charging current amplifying circuit |
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| CN201577046U (en) * | 2009-09-11 | 2010-09-08 | 天津英诺华微电子技术有限公司 | Solar battery charger |
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| JP2001078368A (en) * | 1999-08-13 | 2001-03-23 | Sb Power Tool Co | Battery charger with charging current amplifying circuit |
| CN101022225A (en) * | 2006-02-15 | 2007-08-22 | 黄允成 | Solar cell system and charging method thereof |
| CN101282097A (en) * | 2007-04-05 | 2008-10-08 | 帝华科技股份有限公司 | Solar energy charging battery |
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| WO2016041125A1 (en) * | 2014-09-15 | 2016-03-24 | 深圳市聚作照明股份有限公司 | Automatic battery charging circuit for emergency illumination |
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