CN103196066A - Narrow-beam LED lamp optical system and designing method thereof - Google Patents

Narrow-beam LED lamp optical system and designing method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103196066A
CN103196066A CN2013101406573A CN201310140657A CN103196066A CN 103196066 A CN103196066 A CN 103196066A CN 2013101406573 A CN2013101406573 A CN 2013101406573A CN 201310140657 A CN201310140657 A CN 201310140657A CN 103196066 A CN103196066 A CN 103196066A
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light
lens
form surface
light source
point
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CN103196066B (en
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张尚超
张顺清
袁卫星
扬东建
梅杰
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Shenzhen Sea Star Technology Co ltd
Wuxi Yiming Photoelectric Co ltd
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WUXI SEA STAR ELECTRONICS CO Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses narrow-beam LED lamp optical system and a designing method thereof. A freeform curved lens and a freeform curved reflector cup are utilized to realize regionalized complementary control of light emitted by a COB (chip on board) type LED, the freeform curved lens is used for controlling small-angle light emitted by the COB type LED, and the freeform curved reflector cup is used for controlling large-angle light emitted by the COB type LED. Respective advantages of the lens and the reflector cup are combined to overcome the defect that not all light rays can be utilized by only utilizing the reflector cup or the lens. A Fresnel lens is adopted to collect small-angle light rays to enable an optical system to be light, thin and small, the thickness of the center of the lens is reduced, and light efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, a step-shaped microstructure lens is used on the inner side of the lens to enable the same optical system to be applicable to COB light sources in different sizes.

Description

Arrow beam of light LED lamp optical system and method for designing thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to the LED lamp optical system, relate in particular to a kind of secondary optical system for multi-chip integrated form high-capacity LED (COB type LED), and a kind of method for designing that realizes the narrow smooth outgoing effect of low-angle, the nonimaging optics technical field belonged to.
Background technology
Led light source itself is an approximate Lambertian source, be difficult to satisfy the demand of various lighting uses, therefore must be according to different application scenarios, at the different optical system of led light source design, the light that led light source is sent carries out shaping, carries out the quadratic distribution of light energy.
Along with the directly development of chip encapsulation (COB) technology on the circuit board, its high power density, colourity evenly reach characteristics such as volume is little, and COB type led light source more and more is applied in the commercial lighting.The more single LEDs light source of COB type led light source area is a lot of greatly, during with the integrated encapsulation of tens of LEDs chips, the light source area can reach 10mm*10mm to 25mm*25mm, the advantage of this light source is to greatly reduce the quantity of led light source, reduced the light fixture area, reduce the light fixture cost, lower color tolerance official post application luminaire has colour consistency preferably.
Yet, but comparatively difficult towards the secondary optics design of COB type light source.The method for designing of present most of patents is all based on the design that is similar to spot light, and COB type LED belongs to expansion light source, and the spot light method for designing no longer is applicable to COB type LED.
The optical system that adopts mostly is reflector at present, but its control light is limited in one's ability, can't carry out better controlled for low-angle light, want to reach the accurately light distribution effect of illumination of low-angle, often need bigger volume, and be easy to generate veiling glare, make that the relative light utilization efficiency of receiving plane functional area is lower.
Small-sized TIR(total internal reflection towards single LEDs) lens can be finished the arrow beam of light light distribution requirements preferably, but when it is applied to COB type led light source, goes out light effect and can produce serious distortion.Adjust direction and ordinary lens can only send led light source usually with its optical axis is angled with interior light, also there is the lower problem of relative light utilization efficiency of receiving plane functional area in the light of uncontrollable wide-angle.
Therefore, how solving the problem of COB type led light source luminous intensity distribution difficulty, realize arrow beam of light accurately function and the method for designing thereof of illumination, is the LED lighting technical field, in particular for commercial lighting field problem demanding prompt solution.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of light energy at COB type led light source to carry out arrow beam of light LED lamp optical system and the method for designing thereof of reasonable distribution.
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, at the efficiency of light energy utilization that how to improve the LED light fixture, providing a kind of is the light distributing system of light source with COB type LED, realizes low-angle accent light, and realizes luminosity uniformity that the field of illumination is higher and the effect of uniformity of chromaticity.Mainly solve the shortcomings and deficiencies of original conventional reflector formula or lens type optical system.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of arrow beam of light LED lamp optical system comprises COB type led light source, free-form surface lens and free form surface reflector; The light that described free-form surface lens and free form surface reflector send COB type led light source carries out compartmentalization control; Wherein, the low-angle light that free-form surface lens control COB type led light source sends, the light of the wide-angle that free form surface reflector control COB type led light source sends.
Wherein a kind of structure is: described free-form surface lens is arranged at the bottom of the inner cup of free form surface reflector and with the free form surface reflector and links to each other, and described COB type led light source is arranged at the bottom of the inner cup of free form surface reflector within the space that the inner chamber with free-form surface lens surrounds.
What described COB type led light source sent 0 spends to the light of α degree and sees through the free-form surface lens top, is evenly distributed in the β degree; The light of α degree to 90 degree that described COB type led light source sends sees through the free-form surface lens sidewall, through the reflection of free form surface reflector inner surface, is distributed in the field of illumination.
Described free-form surface lens comprises lens top, lens sidewall and lens bottom; Described lens top is made up of inner surface and outer surface; Described lens outer surface of cupular part is epirelief or recessed free form surface.Described lens outer surface of cupular part is made Fresnel Lenses.
The inner surface of described free form surface reflector is that coating is handled.The inner surface of described free form surface reflector is the scale and shell structure, and described scale and shell height is not higher than 0.05mm.
The present invention also provides the described arrow beam of light LED of a kind of claim 1 method for designing of lamp optical system, be the x axle with plane, light source place, perpendicular bisector is set up coordinate system for the y axle, is initial point with the light source center, if the expansion light source radius is R, generate lens free form surface and reflector free form surface;
The step that generates the lens free form surface is as follows:
1) establishing H is led light source left hand edge R lLight and the intersection point of y axle, coordinate be (0, H);
2) according to dimension of light source D(D=2R), get the some X on the refracted ray first time 0As the starting point of lens outer surface curve, and make X 0The normal at some place
Figure BDA00003075162800031
Straight up;
3) according to optical extend conservation formula
2 n × D = ∫ - β β Ldβ
Obtain projection width L; Wherein, D is the light source diameter, and β is emergent ray and y axle clamp angle, and n is the refractive index of optical material;
4) straight line a is R lEmergent ray is got straight line b with its distance L as light source edge R rEmergent ray, get a Y at straight line b 0
5) according to law of refraction vector form
Figure BDA00003075162800033
Obtain Y 0The point normal direction
Figure BDA00003075162800034
Wherein
Figure BDA00003075162800035
With
Figure BDA00003075162800036
Be respectively outgoing and incident ray unit vector, Be the interface normal unit vector;
6) according to X 0, Y 0Coordinate and their normal direction
Figure BDA00003075162800038
With
Figure BDA00003075162800039
Full curve of interpolation makes it to pass through X 0And Y 0, satisfy normal direction at these 2 simultaneously
Figure BDA000030751628000310
With
Figure BDA000030751628000311
Can draft a full curve X thus 0Y 0As calculating virgin curve;
7) with initial curve X 0Y 0Divide the n segment, obtain the n+1 point on the curve, be respectively X 0～X n, the some Y of corresponding unknown curve 0～Y n
8) get X 0Nearer 1 X 1, emergent ray is straight line c, being that the straight line d of L is as R apart from straight line c rAnother light after the lens refraction; Calculate straight line d and Y 0Point the intersection point Y of tangent line 1, calculate Y according to law of refraction vector form 1The point normal direction; Equally according to X 1, Y 1Coordinate and their normal direction, the interpolation cubic curve;
9) get X 1Nearer 1 X 2, and the like calculating, use synchronous many Surface Method to calculate remaining point, till 40 °～45 °, finally obtain the lens cross section curve up to the scope of α;
The step that generates the reflector free form surface is as follows:
1) determines initial segment A 1B 1, from beginning to consider that with the maximum light in y axle clamp angle the starting point on the corresponding screen of this cluster light is r 1, initial incident ray R lA 1Arrive r through reflection 1According to rim ray theory, R rA certain the light that sends incides the initial curve terminal B 1Also can be reflected to r 1, curved section A then 1B 1Be with R rAnd r 1It is the part curve of two focus ellipses; Angle θ r, angle θ 1Be respectively emergent ray A nr n, B nr nAngle with optical axis y;
2) establishing light-source brightness is B, and send with the less and direct irradiation in y axle clamp angle on screen and the illumination that produces can by
E ( r ) = ∫ B · cos θ · dθ = BΩ Obtain.
Angle A 1r 1B 1Size by r 1Illumination determine; Emergent ray A 1r 1Angle theta with the y axle rBy A 1Coordinate determine r 1The energy that the illumination that receives can be deducted the reflector reflection by the energy of light source direct irradiation obtains, namely
E r=E-BΩ=B(sinθ r-sinθ 1)
Obtain emergent ray B 1r 1Angle theta with the y axle 1And obtain B 1The coordinate of point, initial curve A 1B 1Equation can be determined;
3) from R lPoint sends the light slightly little with y axle clamp angle, incides curve A 1B 1On A 2Point can be obtained A from curvilinear equation 2Coordinate with and normal vector
Figure BDA00003075162800042
Can obtain its reflection ray by reflection law, establishing the point that reflection ray incides on the screen is r 2, emergent ray A 2r 2Angle theta with the y axle rCan determine; Obtain emergent ray B by the luminous flux conservation 2r 2Angle theta with the y axle 1, namely determine r 2Light receives the light on the another one border of awl, itself and B 1The tangent line of point meets at B 2, as new curve point;
4) light source is from edge R rThe light R that sends rB 2Reflection ray through reflection is B 2r 2, according to reflection law, B 2Coordinate and normal vector also can determine; Reflector A 1B 2Profile can determine, consider by R again rThe light littler with y axle clamp angle that point sends repeats above step, and outline line will constantly be expanded, till reaching desired border.
Useful technique effect of the present invention is:
The present invention has overcome the shortcoming that can't utilize all light merely with reflector or lens in conjunction with the advantage separately of lens and reflector.Use Fresnel Lenses that low-angle light is converged, make that optical system reaches gently, the effect of Bao Hexiao, reduce lens center thickness, the raising optical efficiency.Stepped micro-structural lens apply to the lens medial surface, realize that same set of optical system is applicable to the COB type light source of different size size.
The advantage that the present invention adds provides in the specific embodiment description partly below, and part will become obviously from the following description, or recognizes by practice of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of optical system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the generative process figure of lens free form surface.
Fig. 3 is the generative process figure of reflector free form surface.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is described further.
As shown in Figure 1, optical system of the present invention is made of COB type led light source 1, free-form surface lens 2, free form surface reflector 3 three parts.The light that free-form surface lens 2 and 3 pairs of COB types of free form surface reflector led light source 1 send carries out compartmentalization control.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, free-form surface lens 2 is arranged at the bottom of the inner cup of free form surface reflector 3 and with free form surface reflector 3 and links to each other.COB type led light source 1 is arranged at the bottom of the inner cup of free form surface reflector 3 within the space that the inner chamber with free-form surface lens 2 surrounds.
Wherein, COB type led light source 1 adopt commercially available high-power type (light source of 10W～60W), light-emitting area is bigger, the range of choice of light-emitting area diameter is 10mm～25mm.
The function of free-form surface lens 2 is: the light of the 0 degree-α degree that COB type led light source 1 is sent (α gets 45 degree usually) is evenly distributed in the β degree, according to corresponding COB type led light source 1 light-emitting zone diameter D, jointing edge light theory is designed the rational free-form surface lens 2 of size.
Free-form surface lens 2 comprises three parts, lens top, lens sidewall and lens bottom.
The lens top is made up of inside and outside two free form surfaces.The lens top inner surface can be sphere, fovea superior or following protruding free form surface, and the lens outer surface of cupular part can be epirelief or recessed free form surface.
The lens outer surface of cupular part can be made Fresnel Lenses, reduces lens thickness, when improving the irradiation area central light strength, has saved material.
The lens madial wall can be the plain cylindrical form inner cavity surface, also can be stepped cylindrical cavity face, and the lens lateral wall is sphere or free form surface.
Lens bottom circular diameter adjustable size according to COB type led light source 1 light-emitting zone diameter D size, is selected plain cylindrical form inner chamber or stepped cylindrical cavity.
The function of free form surface reflector 3 is: the high angle scattered light that control COB type led light source 1 sends, the light that is α degree to 90 degree sees through free-form surface lens 2 sides, pass through free form surface reflector 3 inner reflections again, according to illumination distances, the emergent ray of wide-angle is controlled in the field of illumination of require size.
The inner surface of free form surface reflector 3 is that coating is handled, and realizes the minute surface emission, for solving glare problem, micro-structural (as the scale and shell structure) is acted on the reflector inboard, and the scale and shell height is not higher than 0.05mm.
Keynote idea of the present invention is the light subregion design that COB type led light source 1 is sent, and low-angle light is by free-form surface lens 2 controls, and the light of wide-angle is by 3 controls of free form surface reflector.Embodiment among Fig. 1 is a kind of feasible configurations of the present invention, but the invention is not restricted to said structure.
Free-form surface lens 2 can be controlled the low-angle light that departs from optical axis preferably, but when the angle of incident ray during greater than critical angle, will produce full emission, and this limitation makes free-form surface lens 2 optical efficiencies reduce; On the contrary, free form surface reflector 3 can be controlled the high angle scattered light that departs from optical axis preferably, but can't accurately control low-angle light.
Free-form surface lens 2 is thought sources of the present invention with the characteristic of free form surface reflector 3 complementations.The illuminator that the present invention proposes can be applied to multiple LED light fixture, as LED projecting lamp, LED bulkhead lamp capable, LED Down lamp etc.
In said lighting system, realize the LED illumination of arrow beam of light, be to the lens outer surface of cupular part of free-form surface lens 2, and the curve of free form surface reflector 3 reasonably designs.Provide the lens outer surface of cupular part of free-form surface lens 2 below, and a kind of method for designing of free form surface reflector 3 (or generation method).The design of all the other lens top inner surface such as free-form surface lens 2, lens sidewall and lens bottom then can be followed prior art.
The generation method of lens free form surface is as follows:
As shown in Figure 2, be the x axle with plane, light source place, perpendicular bisector is set up coordinate system for the y axle, is initial point with the light source center.If the expansion light source radius is R, face 1 and face 2 are respectively the surfaces externally and internally at lens top, determine that the free form surface step is as follows:
1) establishing H is led light source left hand edge R lLight and y axle intersection point, coordinate be (0, H).
2) according to dimension of light source D(D=2R), suitably get certain 1 X on the refracted ray first time 0As the starting point of lens outer surface curve, and make X 0The normal at some place Straight up.
3) according to optical extend conservation formula
2 n × D = ∫ - β β Ldβ
Obtain projection width L.
Wherein, D is the light source diameter, and β is emergent ray and y axle clamp angle, and n is the refractive index of optical material.
4) straight line a is R lEmergent ray is got straight line b with its distance L as light source edge R rEmergent ray, suitably get 1 Y on the straight line b 0
5) according to law of refraction vector form
Figure BDA00003075162800073
Can obtain Y 0The point normal direction
Wherein
Figure BDA00003075162800075
With
Figure BDA00003075162800076
Be respectively outgoing and incident ray unit vector,
Figure BDA00003075162800077
Be the interface normal unit vector.
6) according to X 0, Y 0Coordinate and their normal direction
Figure BDA00003075162800078
With
Figure BDA00003075162800079
Full curve of interpolation (getting cubic curve usually) makes it to pass through X 0And Y 0, satisfy normal direction at these 2 simultaneously
Figure BDA000030751628000710
With
Figure BDA000030751628000711
Can draft a full curve X thus 0Y 0As calculating virgin curve.
7) initial curve is divided the n segment, obtained the n+1 point on the curve, be respectively X 0～X n, the some Y of corresponding unknown curve 0～Y n
8) get X 0Nearer 1 X 1, emergent ray is straight line c, being that the straight line d of L is as R apart from straight line c rAnother light after the lens refraction.Calculate straight line d and Y 0Point the intersection point of tangent line (is Y 1), calculate Y according to law of refraction vector form 1The point normal direction.Equally according to X 1, Y 1Coordinate and their normal direction, the interpolation cubic curve.
9) get X 1Nearer 1 X 2, and the like calculating, can computer iterations calculate, use synchronous many Surface Method to calculate remaining point, the scope (angle can be finely tuned according to actual conditions) till 40 °～45 ° up to α finally obtains the lens cross section curve.
Calculating under the situation about allowing, it is more many that the quantity of putting on the initial curve is selected, and model accuracy is more high.
High angle scattered light through the outgoing of lens side is controlled by reflector.
The generation method of reflector free form surface is as follows: as shown in Figure 3,
1) determines one section initial segment A earlier 1B 1(A wherein 1Coordinate be to determine at the very start according to concrete application), from beginning to consider with the maximum light in y axle clamp angle.Starting point on the corresponding screen of this cluster light is r 1, initial incident ray R lA 1Arrive r through reflection 1Can be according to rim ray theory, R rA certain the light that sends incides the initial curve terminal B 1Also can be reflected to r 1, curved section A then 1B 1Be with R rAnd r 1It is the part curve of two focus ellipses.Angle θ r, angle θ 1Be respectively emergent ray A nr n, B nr nAngle with optical axis y.
2) establishing light-source brightness is B, and send with the less and direct irradiation in y axle clamp angle on screen and the illumination that produces can by
E ( r ) = ∫ B · cos θ · dθ = BΩ Obtain.
Angle A 1r 1B 1Size by r 1Illumination determine.Emergent ray A 1r 1Angle theta with the y axle rCan be by A 1Coordinate determine r 1The energy that the illumination that receives can be deducted the reflector reflection by the energy of light source direct irradiation obtains, namely
E r=E-BΩ=B(sinθ r-sinθ 1)
Can try to achieve emergent ray B 1r 1Angle theta with the y axle 1, and can obtain B 1The coordinate of point, initial curve A 1B 1Equation can be determined.
3) from R lPoint sends the light slightly little with y axle clamp angle, incides curve A 1B 1On A 2Point can be obtained A from curvilinear equation 2Coordinate with and normal vector
Figure BDA00003075162800082
Can obtain its reflection ray by reflection law, establishing the point that reflection ray incides on the screen is r 2, emergent ray A 2r 2Angle theta with the y axle rCan determine.Can try to achieve emergent ray B by the luminous flux conservation 2r 2Angle theta with the y axle 1, can determine r 2Light receives the light on the another one border of awl, itself and B 1The tangent line of point meets at B 2, can be used as new curve point.
4) light source is from edge R rThe light R that sends rB 2Reflection ray through reflection is B 2r 2, according to reflection law, B 2Coordinate and normal vector also can determine.Reflector A 1B 2Profile can determine, consider by R again rThe light littler with y axle clamp angle that point sends repeats above step, and outline line will constantly be expanded, till reaching desired border.
This method for designing can be set the coordinate of rim ray point according to the light source size, and shadow surface how far is determined the size of field of illumination according to demand, and can perfectly overlap with the smaller angle light of lens control.Because the curvilinear equation of reflector has each pip to determine that range changing is adjustable, can better receive light to the light of wide-angle outgoing.
The specific embodiment:
Provide a specific embodiment of above-mentioned method for designing below.
1) determines size (the desirable 10mm of D～25mm) of dimension of light source parameter D, determine size (20mm＜H＜30mm) of lens height H, determine the size (40 °＜α＜45 °) of light splitting angle [alpha], determine the size (4 °＜β＜9 °) of rising angle β.
2) expand two conservation formulas according to optics
Figure BDA00003075162800091
Calculate projection width L.
3) get 1 X at face 2 0As the starting point of lens outer surface curve, and make X 0The normal at some place
Figure BDA00003075162800092
Straight up, the emergent ray angle is β, determines Y according to the size of distance L and β 0The point position.According to law of refraction vector form
Figure BDA00003075162800093
Obtain Y 0The point normal direction
Figure BDA00003075162800094
4) draft a full curve X 0Y 0As calculating virgin curve, curve is divided the n segment, obtain getting the n+1 point on the curve, be respectively X 0～X n, the some Y of corresponding unknown curve 0～Y n
5) get X 0Nearer 1 X 1, the emergent ray angle is β, determines Y according to the size of L and β 1The point position.Calculate Y according to law of refraction vector form equally 1The point normal direction, interpolation curve.
6) get more nearer, and the like calculating, can computer iterations calculate, use synchronous many Surface Method to calculate remaining point, till α=45 °, finally obtain the lens cross section curve.
7) discrete point that calculates is imported in the mechanical modeling software (as: Rhinoceros, UG etc.), connect into a free curve, the symmetry rotation obtains the lens physical model.
8) for saving material, improve central light strength, do not change lens top curvature, the lens outer surface of cupular part is adopted Fresnel Lenses.
9) determine irradiation distance S=1.2m, according to the size of β, determine the illumination zone radius r on the target face MaxSize, r Max=S * tan β.
10) determine one section initial segment A 1B 1, initial incident ray R lA 1Arrive r through reflection 1, according to rim ray theory, R rA certain the light that sends incides initial curve B 1Also can be reflected to r 1
11) establishing light-source brightness is B, on screen and the illumination that produces is calculated as follows:
E ( r ) = ∫ B · cos θ · dθ = BΩ
r 1The illumination that receives can be obtained through the energy that the energy that shines behind the lens deducts the reflector reflection by light source, namely
E r=E-BΩ=B(sinθ r-sinθ 1)
Can obtain angle θ 1And B 1The coordinate of point is determined curvilinear equation A 1B 1
12) from R lPoint sends the light slightly little with y axle clamp angle, incides curve A 1B 1On A 2Point is by curvilinear equation A 1B 1Obtain A 2Coordinate with and normal vector Obtain its reflection ray by reflection law, the point on the corresponding screen is r 2, determine A 2r 2Angle theta with the y axle rSize.Can obtain θ by the luminous flux conservation 1, can determine r 2Light receives the light on the another one border of awl, itself and B 1The tangent line of point meets at B 2, as new curve point.
13) from light source edge R rThe light R that sends rB 2Reflection ray through reflection is B 2r 2, according to reflection law, B 2Coordinate and normal vector also can determine.Reflector A 1B 2Profile can determine, consider by R again rThe light littler with y axle clamp angle that point sends repeats above step, and outline line will constantly be expanded, and stops up to being reduced to 45 degree with y axle clamp angle, obtains final reflector curve.
14) the reflector curve symmetry rotation that calculates is obtained the reflector physical model.
15) light effect for improving, under the situation that does not change reflector curvature, with the scale and shell structure function in the reflector medial surface.
16) lens model is combined with the reflector model, obtains final LED lamp optical system, as shown in Figure 1.
17) the COB type led light source of employing diameter 15mm uses the LED light distributing system that obtains, and finally at illumination distances S=1.2m place, forms the uniform light spots about 30cm～40cm.Half light intensity bright dipping full-shape is 16 degree, and central light strength reaches 7500cd/klm.
Above-described only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, the invention is not restricted to above embodiment.Be appreciated that other improvement and variation that those skilled in the art directly derive or associate under the prerequisite that does not break away from basic design of the present invention, all should think to be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. an arrow beam of light LED lamp optical system is characterized in that: comprise COB type led light source, free-form surface lens and free form surface reflector; The light that described free-form surface lens and free form surface reflector send COB type led light source carries out compartmentalization control; Wherein, the low-angle light that free-form surface lens control COB type led light source sends, the light of the wide-angle that free form surface reflector control COB type led light source sends.
2. according to the described arrow beam of light LED of claim 1 lamp optical system, it is characterized in that: a kind of feasible structure is: described free-form surface lens is arranged at the bottom of the inner cup of free form surface reflector and with the free form surface reflector and links to each other, and described COB type led light source is arranged at the bottom of the inner cup of free form surface reflector within the space that the inner chamber with free-form surface lens surrounds.
3. according to the described arrow beam of light LED of claim 2 lamp optical system, it is characterized in that: what described COB type led light source sent 0 spends to the light of α degree and sees through the free-form surface lens top, is evenly distributed in the β degree; The light of α degree to 90 degree that described COB type led light source sends sees through the free-form surface lens sidewall, through the reflection of free form surface reflector inner surface, is distributed in the field of illumination.
4. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described arrow beam of light LED lamp optical systems, it is characterized in that: described free-form surface lens comprises lens top, lens sidewall and lens bottom; Described lens top is made up of inner surface and outer surface; Described lens outer surface of cupular part is epirelief or recessed free form surface.
5. according to the described arrow beam of light LED of claim 4 lamp optical system, it is characterized in that: described lens outer surface of cupular part is made Fresnel Lenses.
6. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described arrow beam of light LED lamp optical systems, it is characterized in that: the inner surface of described free form surface reflector is that coating is handled.
7. according to the described arrow beam of light LED of claim 6 lamp optical system, it is characterized in that: the inner surface of described free form surface reflector is the scale and shell structure, and described scale and shell height is not higher than 0.05mm.
8. the method for designing of the described arrow beam of light LED of claim 1 lamp optical system, it is characterized in that: be the x axle with plane, light source place, perpendicular bisector is set up coordinate system for the y axle, is initial point with the light source center, if the expansion light source radius is R, generate lens free form surface and reflector free form surface;
The step that generates the lens free form surface is as follows:
1) establishing H is led light source left hand edge R lLight and the intersection point of y axle, coordinate be (0, H);
2) according to dimension of light source D(D=2R), get the some X on the refracted ray first time 0As the starting point of lens outer surface curve, and make X 0The normal at some place
Figure FDA00003075162700021
Straight up;
3) according to optical extend conservation formula
2 n × D = ∫ - β β Ldβ
Obtain projection width L; Wherein, D is the light source diameter, and β is emergent ray and y axle clamp angle, and n is the refractive index of optical material;
4) straight line a is R lEmergent ray is got straight line b with its distance L as light source edge R rEmergent ray, get a Y at straight line b 0
5) according to law of refraction vector form
Figure FDA00003075162700023
Obtain Y 0The point normal direction
Figure FDA00003075162700024
Wherein
Figure FDA00003075162700025
With Be respectively outgoing and incident ray unit vector,
Figure FDA00003075162700027
Be the interface normal unit vector;
6) according to X 0, Y 0Coordinate and their normal direction
Figure FDA00003075162700028
With
Figure FDA00003075162700029
Full curve of interpolation makes it to pass through X 0And Y 0, satisfy normal direction at these 2 simultaneously
Figure FDA000030751627000210
With
Figure FDA000030751627000211
Can draft a full curve X thus 0Y 0As calculating virgin curve;
7) with initial curve X 0Y 0Divide the n segment, obtain the n+1 point on the curve, be respectively X 0～X n, the some Y of corresponding unknown curve 0～Y n
8) get X 0Nearer 1 X 1, emergent ray is straight line c, being that the straight line d of L is as R apart from straight line c rAnother light after the lens refraction; Calculate straight line d and Y 0Point the intersection point Y of tangent line 1, calculate Y according to law of refraction vector form 1The point normal direction; Equally according to X 1, Y 1Coordinate and their normal direction, the interpolation cubic curve;
9) get X 1Nearer 1 X 2, and the like calculating, use synchronous many Surface Method to calculate remaining point, till 40 °～45 °, finally obtain the lens cross section curve up to the scope of α;
The step that generates the reflector free form surface is as follows:
1) determines initial segment A 1B 1, from beginning to consider that with the maximum light in y axle clamp angle the starting point on the corresponding screen of this cluster light is r 1, initial incident ray R lA 1Arrive r through reflection 1According to rim ray theory, R rA certain the light that sends incides the initial curve terminal B 1Also can be reflected to r 1, curved section A then 1B 1Be with R rAnd r 1It is the part curve of two focus ellipses; Angle θ r, angle θ 1Be respectively emergent ray A nr n, B nr nAngle with optical axis y;
2) establishing light-source brightness is B, and send with the less and direct irradiation in y axle clamp angle on screen and the illumination that produces can by
E ( r ) = ∫ B · cos θ · dθ = BΩ Obtain.
Angle A 1r 1B 1Size by r 1Illumination determine; Emergent ray A 1r 1Angle theta with the y axle rBy A 1Coordinate determine r 1The energy that the illumination that receives can be deducted the reflector reflection by the energy of light source direct irradiation obtains, namely
E r=E-BΩ=B(sinθ r-sinθ 1)
Obtain emergent ray B 1r 1Angle theta with the y axle 1And obtain B 1The coordinate of point, initial curve A 1B 1Equation can be determined;
3) from R lPoint sends the light slightly little with y axle clamp angle, incides curve A 1B 1On A 2Point can be obtained A from curvilinear equation 2Coordinate with and normal vector
Figure FDA00003075162700032
Can obtain its reflection ray by reflection law, establishing the point that reflection ray incides on the screen is r 2, emergent ray A 2r 2Angle theta with the y axle rCan determine; Obtain emergent ray B by the luminous flux conservation 2r 2Angle theta with the y axle 1, namely determine r 2Light receives the light on the another one border of awl, itself and B 1The tangent line of point meets at B 2, as new curve point;
4) light source is from edge R rThe light R that sends rB 2Reflection ray through reflection is B 2r 2, according to reflection law, B 2Coordinate and normal vector also can determine; Reflector A 1B 2Profile can determine, consider by R again rThe light littler with y axle clamp angle that point sends repeats above step, and outline line will constantly be expanded, till reaching desired border.
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CN114017743A (en) * 2021-11-17 2022-02-08 广东省科学院半导体研究所 Collimating lens and collimating lens design method
CN117146227A (en) * 2023-08-09 2023-12-01 珠海水立方照明科技有限公司 LED optical system

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