CN103193312B - Device and method for biologically removing cadmium metal in underground water - Google Patents
Device and method for biologically removing cadmium metal in underground water Download PDFInfo
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- CN103193312B CN103193312B CN201310128680.0A CN201310128680A CN103193312B CN 103193312 B CN103193312 B CN 103193312B CN 201310128680 A CN201310128680 A CN 201310128680A CN 103193312 B CN103193312 B CN 103193312B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for biologically removing cadmium metal in underground water, and belongs to the technical field of underground water purification. The device mainly comprises a drop aeration tank and an iron and manganese removing biofilter, wherein the carriers of a filtering layer of the biofilter contain iron and manganese oxidizing bacteria. The method comprises steps of: continuously filling raw water into the biofilter for aerating and oxygenating; domesticating an iron and manganese oxidizing bacteria active filler; feeding cadmium-containing aerated raw water into the biofilter, and oxidizing Mn<2+> and Fe<2+> to form new manganese dioxide and ferrous oxides under the action of the iron and manganese oxidizing bacteria in the biofilter; and adsorbing cadmium through the newly generated manganese dioxide and ferrous oxides, blocking cadmium in a biological filter media layer, and thus removing the cadmium metal. Other agents are no longer added; and the technological process is simple, and a first-level biological filter process is only needed, so that the processing cost of the method is low.
Description
Technical field
A device and method for cadmium metal in biological removal underground water, is applicable to the removal of cadmium metal in underground water, belongs to ground water cleaning technical field.
Background technology
Cadmium is a kind of hypertoxic pollutent, and it has very strong toxic action to the kidney of human body, respiratory system, reproductive system, bone.In recent years, there are a lot of cadmium pollution events in China, have a strong impact on health of the masses: Xiang River zhuzhou,hunan section in 2006 cadmium pollution, Hunan Province in 2009 Liuyang City's cadmium pollution, Guangxi in 2012 Longjiang cadmium pollution etc., wherein the cadmium pollution event in Longjiang, Guangxi involves section, approximately 300 kilometers, downstream, approximately 80 times of the super < < of cadmium content water environment quality standard > > III class standards are rare in all previous cadmium pollution event at home.The < < Environmental statistics annual report > > data presentation in 2010 of announcing according to Chinese Ministry of Environmental Protection, the quantity discharged of national cadmium in 2010 is 30.1 tons, the groundwater environment of China is caused to serious pollution, therefore very urgent for the improvement of cadmium metal in underground water.
The outer treatment process for cadmium pollution in underground water of Current Domestic mainly contains chemical precipitation method, absorption method and ion exchange method etc.Chemical precipitation method need to be brought up to pH value at 11 o'clock and just have the obvious cadmium effect of removing, and needs acid adding to return adjust pH again, consumes so a large amount of chemical agents, and processing cost is high.Absorption method is to utilize the solid material of porous, makes the cadmium in water be adsorbed on the surface of solid adsorbent and remove, but sorbent material to cadmium ion poor selectivity, specific absorption is not high.Although exchange process treatment process is simple, effective except cadmium, be subject to the restriction of material, and processing cost is high.
Up to the present, for the removal of cadmium metal in underground water, except above-mentioned technology, there is no better technology and method.The technology of utilizing microbiological treatment cadmium is to remove at present emerging technology and the scientific research forward position of the heavy metals such as cadmium.When processing the underground water that contains the heavy metals such as cadmium, microorganism and meta-bolites thereof can carry out fractionation by adsorption to it, have investment little, energy consumption is low, processing efficiency is high, without advantages such as secondary environmental pollutions, for maintaining of good ecotope, to the reparation of groundwater environment, be especially very important.
In water, cadmium pollution can be divided into two types, and the first kind is industrial and mining enterprises' comprehensive wastewater, and in such waste water, cadmium pollution concentration range is generally at 1mg/L to 20mg/L; Equations of The Second Kind is the underground water that is subject to cadmium pollution, and such Cadmium In The Water Body concentration is generally within the scope of 0.005-0.1mg/L.The present invention is directed to Equations of The Second Kind cadmium pollution problem, processing target is sanitary standard for drinking water, contain the underground water of cadmium through biological filter, water outlet cadmium concentration, lower than 0.005mg/L, meets the requirement that in national < < drinking water sanitary standard > > (GB5749-2006), underwater gold is belonged to cadmium content.Present method is the problem of cadmium pollution in treating groundwater effectively, and the improvement of water surrounding is had to important practical significance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome existing traditional underground water except the defect of cadmium technique, provide a kind of microbial technique that utilizes to remove the cadmium metal in underground water.The method process is simple, efficient, energy consumption is low.Under experiment condition of the present invention, the underground water that uses the biological filter processing that contains iron, manganese oxidizing bacteria to contain cadmium can meet the content requirement to cadmium metal in national < < drinking water sanitary standard > > (GB5749-2006).
Manganese oxidizing bacteria is by Mn
2+and Fe
2+be oxidized to respectively the oxide compound of nascent state Manganse Dioxide and iron, the two all has adsorption to most of heavy metals, the nascent state Manganse Dioxide that cadmium metal is generated and the absorption of the oxide compound of iron, thus cadmium is removed from underground water.At Mn
2+, Fe
2+when not enough, add a certain amount of manganese salt and molysite (Mn in the former water of general warranty
2+concentration be not less than 0.5mg/L, Fe
2+concentration is not less than 0.2mg/L), without adding again other chemical agents.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
The device of cadmium metal in a kind of biological removal underground water, it is characterized in that, containing the underground water water inlet pipe of cadmium 1. 2. former water drop water aeration pond be connected with, 2. 3. the biological filter water inlet pipe connecting from drop water aeration pond passes through manganese salt molysite throwing device 4. (at manganese, when iron ion is not enough, just adopt this to carry out additional) be 5. connected with deferrization and demanganization biological filter, 8. 5. deferrization and demanganization biological filter be connected with rising pipe, back flushing water inlet pipe 9. with upflow tube 10., it is characterized in that concrete steps are as follows: first 2. 1. the underground water containing cadmium added to drop water aeration pond by water inlet pipe, by 2. underground water being carried out to drop water aeration, improve the dissolved oxygen in water, guarantee that oxygen in water DO is at 4～5mg/L, by biological filter water inlet pipe, 3. enter deferrization and demanganization biological filter 5., at manganese salt, when molysite is not enough by 4. adding, through biological filter, 5. by biological respinse, by rising pipe, 8. discharged, complete the treating processes containing cadmium underground water.
Reach water filtration week after date, implement backwash process.Back flushing utilization is processed rear water and 9. 5. deferrization and demanganization biological filter is recoiled by back flushing water inlet pipe, through upflow tube, 10. discharges, and completes the backwash process of biological filter.
Deferrization and demanganization biological filter 5. in top for active filler filtering layer carrier 6., bottom be gravel supporting layer 7..A method for cadmium metal in biological removal underground water, comprises the following steps:
(1) foundation of biological filter
Biological filter, filtering layer carrier filler adopts the active bio filler be rich in the filtrate of iron, manganese oxidizing bacteria or the iron content of making by bacterium embedding, manganese oxidizing bacteria, and preferably in filtrate or filler, iron, manganese oxidizing bacteria are not less than 10
6individual/cm
3;
(2) aeration of biological filter
Pass into continuously former water and former water is carried out to aeration aerating, generally can adopt spray aeration, drop water aeration etc., dissolved oxygen is controlled at 4～5mg/L.
(3) domestication of Fe-Mn oxidation bacterial activity filler
The domestication of active filler: adopt and pass into continuously the former water that former water contain cadmium, manganese, iron, raw water quality pH:6.0～8.0; 11～33 ℃ of temperature, the concentration of manganese is not less than as 0.5mg/L, concentration of iron is not less than 0.2mg/L, and initial flow is design discharge 50%, detects the content of water outlet cadmium, manganese, iron by sampling, continuous reduction along with cadmium, manganese, iron level in water outlet, progressively improve the flooding velocity of former water until design discharge, in continuous 7 days, in water outlet, the content of cadmium is not higher than 0.005mg/L, and the content of manganese is not higher than 0.05mg/L, the content of iron is during higher than 0.1mg/L, thinks that active filler tamed;
This is conventional domestication working method, as just started the content of water outlet cadmium, manganese, iron in situation, reduce than very fast, general every reduction 20-30%, increase the raw water flow of 10-15%, the also minimizing gradually of increasing amount of former water of content reduction along with cadmium, manganese, iron, finally makes the content of the cadmium ion of water outlet be not more than 0.005mg/L, the content of manganese is not higher than 0.05mg/L, the content of iron is during higher than 0.1mg/L, and guarantees that the content 7 days of each metal in water outlet is constant, tames successfully.
(4) removal of cadmium
While flowing through biological filter containing the former water of cadmium after aeration, by the effect of the iron in biological filter, manganese oxidizing bacteria, by Mn
2+and Fe
2+be oxidized to the oxide compound of nascent state Manganse Dioxide and iron, the Manganse Dioxide of the nascent state that cadmium is generated and the absorption of the oxide compound of iron, be trapped in the biological filter bed of material, thereby cadmium metal removed; The oxide compound of the cadmium that filter tank is retained down, Manganse Dioxide and iron, is realized and being removed by the backwash process in filter tank.
Preferably the filtering velocity of filter is 5-10m/h.
The back flushing of biological filter: operation reaches water quality during the cycle when biological filter, and back flushing is carried out in biological filter.Utilize the backwash process in filter tank to realize the removing of the residual body of bacterium and trapped substance, maintain the normal operation of balance and the system of aerobic biofilter biomass.
Advantage of the present invention: 1, biological filter only need be in former water manganese, add manganese salt and molysite when iron ion is not enough, without adding again other medicament, (generally guarantee to enter the Mn in biological filter
2+content be not less than 0.5mg/L, Fe
2+content be not less than 0.2mg/L); 2, utilize biological filter directly the cadmium in filtering layer to be removed the cutoff performance of indissoluble thing, technological process is simple, only needs one-level biofiltration process, and processing cost is low, does not need other auxiliary facilitys; 3, water outlet cadmium of the present invention, lower than 0.005mg/L, meets the requirement to cadmium metal content in national < < drinking water sanitary standard > > (GB5749-2006).
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of a kind of method of cadmium in biological removal underground water.
1. underground water water inlet pipe in Fig. 1; 2. drop water aeration pond; 3. biological filter water inlet pipe; 4. manganese salt molysite adds; 5. deferrization and demanganization biological filter; 6. active manganese sand packing filter carrier; 7. gravel supporting layer; 8. rising pipe; 9. back flushing water inlet pipe; 10. upflow tube.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described: a kind of method of cadmium in biological removal underground water, the device adopting as shown in Figure 1, 2. the underground water water inlet pipe containing cadmium being connected with drop water aeration pond 1., 2. 3. the biological filter water inlet pipe connecting from drop water aeration pond passes through manganese salt molysite throwing device 4. (at manganese, when iron ion is not enough, just adopt this to carry out additional) be 5. connected with deferrization and demanganization biological filter, 8. 5. deferrization and demanganization biological filter be connected with rising pipe, back flushing water inlet pipe 9. with upflow tube 10., it is characterized in that concrete steps are as follows: first 2. 1. the underground water containing cadmium added to drop water aeration pond by water inlet pipe, by 2. underground water being carried out to drop water aeration, improve the dissolved oxygen in water, guarantee that oxygen in water DO is at 4～5mg/L, by biological filter water inlet pipe, 3. enter deferrization and demanganization biological filter 5., at manganese salt, when molysite is not enough by 4. adding, through biological filter, 5. by biological respinse, by rising pipe, 8. discharged, complete the treating processes containing cadmium underground water.
Reach water filtration week after date, implement backwash process.Back flushing utilization is processed rear water and 9. 5. deferrization and demanganization biological filter is recoiled by back flushing water inlet pipe, through upflow tube, 10. discharges, and completes the backwash process of biological filter.
Deferrization and demanganization biological filter 5. in top be active manganese sand filler 6., bottom be gravel supporting layer 7..
Below in conjunction with case study on implementation, the present invention is more specifically described, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
Former water Cd
2+concentration is 0.5mg/L, Mn
2+concentration is 0.5mg/L, Fe
2+concentration is 0.2mg/L, and pH is 7～8, and temperature is 11～14 ℃, and biological filter carrier is the manganese sand that is rich in a large amount of Fe-Mn oxidation bacteriums, and particle diameter is 0.8～1.5mm, and thickness of filter bed is 1.2m, and supporting layer is pebbles, and particle diameter is 5～15mm, and thickness is 0.3m.The filtering velocity of filter is 7m/h, and back washing strength is 10L/m
2s, back flushing is lasted for 3～4min, and backwashing period is 3 days.Water outlet cadmium concentration≤0.005mg/L, clearance is more than 99%.And the content of cadmium metal, manganese, iron all meets the requirement of national < < drinking water sanitary standard > > (GB5749-2006).
Claims (2)
1. remove the method for cadmium metal in underground water, it is characterized in that, the device adopting comprises as follows: drop water aeration pond (2) are connected with the underground water water inlet pipe (1) containing cadmium, the biological filter water inlet pipe (3) connecting from drop water aeration pond (2) is connected with deferrization and demanganization biological filter (5) by manganese salt molysite throwing device (4), deferrization and demanganization biological filter (5) is connected with rising pipe (8), back flushing water inlet pipe (9) and upflow tube (10), in deferrization and demanganization biological filter (5), top is active manganese sand packing filter carrier (6), and bottom is gravel supporting layer (7);
Comprise the following steps:
(1) foundation of biological filter
Biological filter, filtering layer carrier filler adopts the active bio filler be rich in the filtrate of iron, manganese oxidizing bacteria or the iron content of making by bacterium embedding, manganese oxidizing bacteria, and in filtrate or filler, iron, manganese oxidizing bacteria are not less than 10
6individual/cm
3;
(2) aeration of biological filter
Pass into continuously former water aeration aerating is carried out in biological filter, adopt spray aeration, drop water aeration, dissolved oxygen is controlled at 4～5mg/L;
(3) domestication of Fe-Mn oxidation bacterial activity filler
The domestication of active filler: adopt and pass into continuously the former water that former water contain cadmium, manganese, iron, raw water quality pH:6.0～8.0; 11～33 ℃ of temperature, the concentration of manganese is not less than as 0.5mg/L, concentration of iron is not less than 0.2mg/L, and initial flow is design discharge 50%, detects the content of water outlet cadmium, manganese, iron by sampling, continuous reduction along with cadmium, manganese, iron level in water outlet, progressively improve the flooding velocity of former water until design discharge, in continuous 7 days, in water outlet, the content of cadmium is not higher than 0.005mg/L, and the content of manganese is not higher than 0.05mg/L, the content of iron is during higher than 0.1mg/L, thinks that active filler tamed;
(4) removal of cadmium
Contain the former current of cadmium when biological filter, by the effect of the iron in biological filter, manganese oxidizing bacteria, by Mn
2+and Fe
2+be oxidized to the oxide compound of nascent state Manganse Dioxide and iron, the Manganse Dioxide of the nascent state that cadmium is generated and the absorption of the oxide compound of iron, be trapped in the biological filter bed of material, thereby cadmium metal removed; The oxide compound of the cadmium that filter tank is retained down, Manganse Dioxide and iron, is realized and being removed by the backwash process in filter tank.
2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, the filtering velocity of filter is 5-10m/h.
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| CN201310128680.0A CN103193312B (en) | 2013-04-15 | 2013-04-15 | Device and method for biologically removing cadmium metal in underground water |
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| CN201310128680.0A CN103193312B (en) | 2013-04-15 | 2013-04-15 | Device and method for biologically removing cadmium metal in underground water |
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| CN103193312B true CN103193312B (en) | 2014-07-30 |
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| CN106242183B (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-07-28 | 湖南中大经纬地热开发科技有限公司 | Can microorganisms online underground water deferrization and demanganization device and filter method |
| CN106242184B (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-09-29 | 湖南中大经纬地热开发科技有限公司 | Underground water deferrization and demanganization device |
| CN107311401B (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2020-09-29 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Method for removing organic matters in water |
| FI129202B (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2021-09-15 | Allwatec Oy | Method and apparatus for removing iron from humus-rich water |
| CN111302561A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-06-19 | 山东冽泉环保工程咨询有限公司 | Biological filtration system and PRB system for treating underground water polluted by iron and manganese |
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| US4522723A (en) * | 1984-06-01 | 1985-06-11 | Kerr-Mcgee Corporation | Process for the removal and recovery of heavy metals from aqueous solutions |
| CN101343103A (en) * | 2008-08-15 | 2009-01-14 | 同济大学 | Emergency handling method for paroxysmal representative heavy metal pollution of water source of city |
| CN101632880B (en) * | 2009-08-03 | 2011-08-17 | 北京工业大学 | High-efficiency biological purification filter layer and purification method of groundwater with high concentration of iron and manganese |
| CN102583810A (en) * | 2011-01-10 | 2012-07-18 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Method for removing arsenic by using Fe (II) and Mn (II) in underground water |
| CN102923841A (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2013-02-13 | 北京工业大学 | Underwater As3+ efficient biological oxidation method |
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