CN103192846B - A kind of method of train braking stored energy and utilization and device thereof - Google Patents
A kind of method of train braking stored energy and utilization and device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103192846B CN103192846B CN201310133576.0A CN201310133576A CN103192846B CN 103192846 B CN103192846 B CN 103192846B CN 201310133576 A CN201310133576 A CN 201310133576A CN 103192846 B CN103192846 B CN 103192846B
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Abstract
The invention discloses method and the device thereof of a kind of train braking stored energy and utilization.Slowed down by three-stage cylindrical gear, again through rack pinion, pinion rotation is changed into the translation of tooth bar, finally by the connection of tooth bar and spring, realize the compressed energy-storage of spring and extend exoergic, utilize spring-compressed to attract deposit energy when providing a kind of braking, during walking, recycle the train energy-saving brake equipment of spring elongates outputting power, have that structure is simple, the feature of low production cost, efficient energy-saving; Utilize this device, can facilitate, flexibly, reliably realize the braking of train and stored energy and utilization, there is popularizing application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method and device thereof of train braking, particularly a kind of train braking energy storage with utilize technology.
Background technology
In science and economic develop rapidly, people's living standard improves constantly, and track traffic has become the important vehicle.Train weight is large, and running velocity is fast, needs very large braking energy when they are braked.
Regenerative brake is the brake mode that can realize Brake energy recovery at present.Motor machine is useless or N/R or the generation of harmful free-wheel kinetic transformation is electric energy, and feedback grid, produce lock torque simultaneously, make motor machine stop useless free-wheel fast.The device with movable parts of motor machine to be an electric energy conversion be mechanical energy, common is rotary motion, such as electrical motor.And this conversion process commonly comes transferring energy and conversion of energy by the energy changing of electromagnetic field, from more intuitive amechanical angle, is the change of magnetic field size.Motor connecting power, generation current, constructs magnetic field.The electric current of alternation creates the magnetic field of alternation, when windings are arranged at an angle in physical space, will produce circular rotating field.Motion is relative, equal this magnetic field to be cut by the conductor within the scope of its space behavior, so conductor two ends establish induced electric motive force, by conductor itself and link, constitute loop, create electric current, define a current－carrying conductor, this current－carrying conductor will be subject to the effect of power in rotating field, and this power finally becomes the power in the moment of torsion of electrical motor output.When excising power supply, motor inertia rotates, now switched by circuit, in rotor, provide Comparatively speaking lower-powered excitation source, produce magnetic field, this magnetic field is rotated by the physics of rotor, the winding of cutting stator, so stator induces electro-motive force, this electro-motive force accesses electrical network by electric installation, is energy feedback.The stressed deceleration of rotor simultaneously, this is braking.Electrical regenerative braking electrical motor is transformed into electrical generator use, and the kinetic energy of vehicle is become electric energy.Transform the electric energy obtained can store or see off through electrical network, regenerative cycle uses.This brake mode has reached the object reclaiming braking energy, achieves the social theory of energy-conserving and environment-protective, has been used on all kinds of electric train.
But this brake mode also exists the low deficiency of conversion efficiency, general regenerative brake only can use the kinetic energy of 30 about percent regeneration, and remaining kinetic energy still becomes heat; Technology content requires high; Need to build bulky closed-center system; And this brake mode can only be confined to power-actuated vehicle.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency that prior art exists, provide that a kind of structure is simple, with low cost, flexible operation reliable, the train braking stored energy of efficient energy-saving and the method for utilization and device thereof.
Technical scheme of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of train braking stored energy and utilization, the operation comprised the steps:
1, during locomotive operation, together with two high speed spur wheels are meshing with two primary speed-down spur wheels difference; Two described high speed spur wheels are fixed on locomotive axle, two primary speed-down spur wheels and two secondary high speed spur wheels are separately fixed on primary speed-down axle, primary speed-down axle is fixed on vehicle body, and two secondary high speed spur wheels and two slip spur wheels are in released state respectively; Two described slip spur wheels are separately fixed on two slide shafts; Two slide shafts are symmetrically fixed on the both sides of vehicle body, they are connected by linear bearing in the centre of two slide shafts with slide shaft supporting seat, each slide shaft are fixed respectively a sliding cone gear and a slip spur wheel;
2, during locomotive brake, stir spanner and drive slide shaft to slide axially, drawing under tooth effect, slip spur wheel engages with secondary high speed spur wheel, realizes double reduction; Sliding cone gear and fixed cone gear mesh, realize three grades of decelerations; Described fixed cone gear and a spur wheel are coaxially fixed on rack-and-gear axle, and rack-and-gear axle and vehicle body are fixed;
3, be fixed on spur wheel on rack-and-gear axle and tooth bar meshing, fixed cone gear driven tooth bar moves to the compression direction of spring, and the spring after compression realizes energy storage;
4, when locomotive starts, stir spanner to original position, drive slide shaft slides axially, by the spring release elastic potential energy compressed, promote tooth bar counter motion, the spur wheel reversion that rack drives is engaged with, the sliding cone tooth on fixed cone gear driven slide shaft and slip spur wheel rotate, be passed to locomotive axle, locomotive obtains initial start kinetic energy.
Realize a kind of device of above-mentioned train braking stored energy and Application way, comprise first order deceleration system, second stage deceleration system, third stage deceleration system and energy storage system;
The structure of described first order deceleration system is: two high speed spur wheels are fixed on locomotive axle, and two primary speed-down spur wheels are fixed on primary speed-down axle, and primary speed-down axle is fixed on vehicle body;
The structure of described second stage deceleration system is: two slide shafts are symmetrically fixed on the both sides of vehicle body, they is connected by linear bearing in the centre of two slide shafts with slide shaft supporting seat; Secondary high speed spur wheel is fixed on primary speed-down axle; Slide shaft is fixed respectively sliding cone gear, slip spur wheel, spanner controls slide shaft and realizes axial translation;
The structure of described third stage deceleration system is: sliding cone gear is fixed on slide shaft, and fixed cone gear, spur wheel are fixed on rack-and-gear axle; Rack-and-gear axle and vehicle body are fixed, and the cone tine angle sum of sliding cone gear and fixed cone gear is 90 degree;
The structure of described energy storage system is: the spur wheel be fixed on rack-and-gear axle engages with tooth bar, and one end of tooth bar is fixed on spring stop, and spring stop and spring are fixed.
The present invention adopts spring energy-saving brake system, utilize spring can stored energy the characteristic that can release energy very well within the scope of certain holding capacity, by the reasonable combination of spring and mechanical mechanism, make train have following functions: 1, in the normal driving process of train, brake equipment can not affect the normal operation of train.2, when train braking, when not affecting train normal brake application effect, by gear system, the braking energy of train being changed into the elastic potential energy of spring, realizing the storage of braking energy.3, when train stops, by gear self-locking device, ensure that the elastic potential energy of spring can not discharge when train stops.4, when train restarts, the elastic potential energy of spring is changed into zero energy during launch train by recycling gear system, thus is also utilized in time by train braking energy regenerating, realizes the energy-conservation braking of train.Train braking device provided by the invention, can realize at train the energy consumption reducing train braking in the main cycle of braking heap of times and start.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, the advantages of simple of Design of Mechanical Structure is ingenious, reduces manufacturing cost.This brake system cardinal principle is a set of physical construction, and this structure design is simple, reliable, reduces production difficulty and cost, is conducive to the practical of this novel energy-conserving brake system.
2, can match with existing train system and merge mutually, when ensureing train normal brake application, the braking energy of train can be stored recycling, realizing the object of energy-conserving and environment-protective.
3, by a series of gear transmission and spring structure, train braking energy is changed into the elastic potential energy of spring, the elastic potential energy of train braking energy and spring all belongs to mechanical energy, and belong to the conversion between energy of the same race, conversion efficiency is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of energy-conservation brake equipment for train braking stored energy and utilization that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Wherein: 1, vehicle body; 2, trailing wheel; 3, rear wheeling support; 4, rear axle; 5, spring stop; 6, spring; 7, shift fork bearing; 8, spanner; 9, declutch shift shaft; 10, shift fork; 11, slide shaft spring; 12, front-wheel; 13, front axle; 14, deep groove ball bearing; 15, front shaft stool; 16, high speed spur wheel; 17, primary speed-down axle; 18, deep groove ball bearing; 19, linear bearing; 20, primary speed-down spur wheel; 21, deboost axle bearing; 22, secondary high speed spur wheel; 23, slide shaft supporting seat; 24, sliding cone gear; 25, slip spur wheel; 26, slide shaft bearing; 27, linear bearing; 28, fixed cone gear; 29, anchor shaft bearing; 30, deep groove ball bearing; 31, tooth bar bearing; 32, deep groove ball bearing; 33, tooth bar; 34, spur wheel; 35, deep groove ball bearing; 36, rack-and-gear axle; 37 slide shafts.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, technical solution of the present invention is further elaborated.
Embodiment 1
See accompanying drawing 1, it is the structural representation of a kind of train braking device that the present embodiment provides; This brake equipment is fixed on the bottom of vehicle body 1, between front wheel system and rear wheel system; Front wheel system is made up of front-wheel 12, front axle 13, deep groove ball bearing 14 and front shaft stool 15, and rear wheel system is made up of trailing wheel 2, rear wheeling support 3, rear axle 4 and deep groove ball bearing 32.
First order deceleration system comprises two front axles 13, primary speed-down axle 17, and two high speed spur wheels 16 and two primary speed-down spur wheels 20; Primary speed-down axle 17 is fixed with vehicle body 1 by deep groove ball bearing 18 and deboost axle bearing 21, and two high speed spur wheels 16 are fixed on front axle, and two primary speed-down spur wheels 20 are fixed on primary speed-down axle 17.Train is in operational process, and two high speed spur wheels are together meshing with two primary speed-down spur wheels, with locomotive motion or stop being in rotation or quiescence always.In order to realize slowing down to greatest extent, its ratio of number of teeth as far as possible close to maximum reduction ratio (the present embodiment is 1:3), thus realizes first order deceleration.When locomotive normally travels, only have this grade of train of reduction gears to rotate, the rotating speed of its low speed turbine stage gear is lower, and now brake system can not start.According to actual needs, the progression of reducing gear can be increased to tens to twenties grades, makes deceleration ratio of number of teeth reach the situation of tens to, the high-speed cruising of true train is converted into the low cruise of final-stage gear.
Second stage deceleration system comprises two other spur wheel 22, two be fixed on primary speed-down axle 17 and overlaps the sliding cone gear 24, the slip spur wheel 25 that are separately fixed on two slide shafts 37; Its structure is: two slide shafts 37 are fixed with vehicle body respectively by slide shaft bearing 26, linear bearing 27, and centre is connected with slide shaft supporting seat 23 by linear bearing 19; Secondary high speed spur wheel 22 rotates together with primary speed-down spur wheel 20, two covers are fixed with sliding cone gear 24, the slide shaft of slip spur wheel 25 realizes axial left and right translation by spanner 8, declutch shift shaft 9, shift fork 10, shift fork bearing 7, slide shaft spring 11, and this two covers slide shaft system is symmetric.When locomotive normally runs, two secondary high speed spur wheels 22 and two slip spur wheels 25 are in released state, and now energy-conservation brake system can not start.When locomotive needs energy storage in brake process, stir the shift fork 9 be connected with slide shaft 37, slide shaft 37 is slid axially, be with spur wheel 25 and sliding cone gear 24 on moving axis to slide simultaneously, drawing under tooth effect, the spur wheel 25 on axle engages with secondary high speed spur wheel 22 (in the present embodiment, ratio of number of teeth is 1:1.33).Thus realize second time deceleration.
It is 90 ° that third stage deceleration system comprises the cone tine angle sum being fixed on sliding cone gear 24 on slide shaft 37 and fixed cone gear 28, two finishing bevel gear cuters, can realize 90 ° and turn to.Fixed cone gear 28, spur wheel 34 and rack-and-gear axle 36 are fixed with vehicle body 1 by anchor shaft bearing 29, deep groove ball bearing 30, deep groove ball bearing 35 again.When locomotive normally runs, sliding cone gear 24 and fixed cone gear 28 are in released state, and now energy-conservation brake system can not start.When locomotive needs energy storage in brake process, stir the shift fork 9 be connected with slide shaft, the slide shaft 37 of mechanism is slided, while slip spur wheel 25 engages with secondary high speed spur wheel 22, sliding cone gear 24 and fixed cone gear 28 realize meshing (ratio of number of teeth of the present embodiment is 1:2), thus realize third time deceleration.
In the device of the present embodiment, another spur wheel 34 is coaxially fixed with fixed cone gear 28, spur wheel 34 and tooth bar 33 mesh together, tooth bar 33 is fixed by tooth bar bearing 31 and vehicle body 1, can make power on axletree and energy all by gear transmission on tooth bar, realize the transformation of pinion rotation to tooth bar translation simultaneously.The spring 6 that the other end that the straight-line motion of tooth bar promotes to be attached thereto again is fixed wtih on spring stop 5 compresses, and realizes the storage of energy.
From when decelerating to static, thermal energy storage process terminates, in order to realize self-locking, only need stir the shift fork be connected with exoergic slide shaft, in mechanism, slide shaft 37 slides, and engaged with fixed cone gear 28 by sliding cone gear 24 fixing on slide shaft 37, now two groups of finishing bevel gear cuters engage simultaneously, reach self-locking effect, spring is in compressive state all the time.Meanwhile, on slide shaft, cylindrical wheel also engages with secondary high speed spur wheel group drawing under tooth effect.
When locomotive starts, only need reverse the shift fork be connected with slide shaft 37 in mechanism, because cover on axle has slide shaft spring 11, initial position can be got back to by impeller-hub, slide shaft is made to slide back to virgin state, such self-locking is opened, the spring release elastic potential energy of compression, promote tooth bar 33 counter motion, tooth bar then drives the spur wheel 34 be engaged with to reverse, coaxial fixed cone gear 28 drives the sliding cone gear 24 on exoergic slide shaft and the Cylinder Gear on slide shaft to rotate, drive secondary gear wheels and one-level gear cluster again, resulting belt motivation axletree rotates, fault offset, locomotive starts, thus acquisition initial kinetic energy.
The present invention is first slowed down by three-stage cylindrical gear, again through rack pinion, pinion rotation is changed into the translation of tooth bar, finally by the connection of tooth bar and spring, realize the compressed energy-storage of spring and extend exoergic, utilize spring-compressed to attract deposit energy when providing a kind of braking, during walking, recycle the energy-conservation brake equipment of spring elongates outputting power.
The pure mechanical mechanism of brake application provided by the invention, by gear transmission, spring-compressed, the object reaching mechanism's stored energy He release energy, realizes the braking of mechanism and starts effect.First wherein energy storage, exergonic process are slowed down by three-stage cylindrical gear, and then by rack pinion, pinion rotation are changed into the translation of tooth bar, finally by the connection of tooth bar and spring, realize the compressed energy-storage of spring and extend exoergic.Motion process is altogether in four steps:
The first step: normally travel
Train of the present invention is in normal driving process, and two high speed spur wheels are together meshing all the time with two primary speed-down spur wheels, with locomotive motion or stop being in rotation or quiescence always.In order to realize slowing down to greatest extent, its ratio of number of teeth as far as possible close to maximum reduction ratio (as 1:3), thus realizes first order deceleration.Now, (progression of reducing gear can be increased to tens to twenties grades to only have first order level train of reduction gears to rotate, deceleration ratio of number of teeth is made to reach the situation of tens to, the high-speed cruising of true train is converted into the low cruise of final-stage gear), the rotating speed of its low speed turbine stage gear is lower, and two spur wheels and two slip spur wheels are all in released state, now energy-conservation brake system can not start.
Second step: energy storage
When locomotive needs energy storage in brake process, stirring the right shift fork makes mechanism's right-hand part slide shaft slide, be with two gears (cylindrical wheel and finishing bevel gear cuter) on moving axis to slide simultaneously, drawing under tooth effect, the spur wheel on axle engages with low speed turbine stage spur wheel (ratio of number of teeth is 1:1.33).Thus realize second time deceleration.While spur wheel engages with low speed turbine stage spur wheel, two finishing bevel gear cuters realize meshing (ratio of number of teeth is 1:2).Thus realize third time deceleration.
In this device, another spur wheel is coaxially fixed with fixed cone gear, spur wheel meshes together with tooth bar again, so just make power on device axletree and energy all by gear transmission on tooth bar, realize the transformation of pinion rotation to tooth bar translation simultaneously.The straight-line motion of tooth bar promotes the spring-compressed be attached thereto again, realizes the storage of energy.
3rd step: self-locking
The present invention is from when decelerating to static, thermal energy storage process terminates, in order to realize self-locking, only need stir left half of shift fork makes the slide shaft of mechanism left side slide (mechanism on both sides is symmetrical), make the sliding cone gear on slide shaft and fixed cone gears meshing, now two groups of finishing bevel gear cuters engage simultaneously, and reach self-locking effect, spring is in compressive state all the time.Meanwhile, on axle, cylindrical wheel also engages with double-reduction gear group drawing under tooth effect.
4th step: exoergic
When locomotive needs to start, only need reverse the right half of shift fork of mechanism, slide shaft is slid back to, and (on axle, cover has spring, can impeller-hub get back to initial position) virgin state, such self-locking is opened, the spring release elastic potential energy of compression originally, promote tooth bar 33 counter motion, tooth bar then drives the spur wheel 34 be engaged with to reverse, coaxial bevel gear wheel 28 drives the sliding cone tooth on left half of slide shaft and the Cylinder Gear on slide shaft to rotate, drive secondary gear wheels and one-level gear cluster again, resulting belt motivation axletree rotates, fault offset, locomotive starts, thus acquisition initial kinetic energy.
Claims (2)
1. a method for train braking stored energy and utilization, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) during locomotive operation, together with two high speed spur wheels are meshing with two primary speed-down spur wheels difference; Two described high speed spur wheels are fixed on locomotive axle, two primary speed-down spur wheels and two secondary high speed spur wheels are separately fixed on primary speed-down axle, primary speed-down axle is fixed on vehicle body, and two secondary high speed spur wheels and two slip spur wheels are in released state respectively; Two described slip spur wheels are separately fixed on two slide shafts; Two slide shafts are symmetrically fixed on the both sides of vehicle body, are connected by two slide shafts by linear bearing in the centre of two slide shafts with slide shaft supporting seat, each slide shaft are fixed respectively a sliding cone gear and a slip spur wheel;
(2) during locomotive brake, stir the right spanner corresponding with locomotive operation direction, drive slide shaft to slide axially, drawing under tooth effect, slip spur wheel engages with secondary high speed spur wheel, realizes double reduction; Sliding cone gear and fixed cone gear mesh, realize three grades of decelerations; Described fixed cone gear and a spur wheel are coaxially fixed on rack-and-gear axle, and rack-and-gear axle and vehicle body are fixed;
(3) be fixed on spur wheel on rack-and-gear axle and tooth bar meshing, fixed cone gear driven tooth bar moves to the compression direction of spring, and the spring after compression realizes energy storage; At the end of energy storage, stir the left side wrench corresponding with locomotive operation direction, realize self-locking;
(4) when locomotive starts, stir the right spanner corresponding with locomotive operation direction to original position, drive slide shaft slides axially, by the spring release elastic potential energy compressed, promote tooth bar counter motion, the spur wheel reversion that rack drives is engaged with, the sliding cone tooth on fixed cone gear driven slide shaft and slip spur wheel rotate, be passed to locomotive axle, locomotive obtains initial start kinetic energy.
2. realize a device for train braking stored energy as claimed in claim 1 and Application way, it is characterized in that: comprise first order deceleration system, second stage deceleration system, third stage deceleration system and energy storage system;
The structure of described first order deceleration system is: two high speed spur wheels are fixed on locomotive axle, and two primary speed-down spur wheels are fixed on primary speed-down axle, and primary speed-down axle is fixed on vehicle body;
The structure of described second stage deceleration system is: two slide shafts are symmetrically fixed on the both sides of vehicle body, is connected by two slide shafts by linear bearing in the centre of two slide shafts with slide shaft supporting seat; Secondary high speed spur wheel is fixed on primary speed-down axle; Slide shaft is fixed respectively sliding cone gear, slip spur wheel, spanner controls slide shaft and realizes axial translation;
The structure of described third stage deceleration system is: sliding cone gear is fixed on slide shaft, and fixed cone gear, spur wheel are fixed on rack-and-gear axle; Rack-and-gear axle and vehicle body are fixed, and the cone tine angle sum of sliding cone gear and fixed cone gear is 90 degree;
The structure of described energy storage system is: the spur wheel be fixed on rack-and-gear axle engages with tooth bar, and one end of tooth bar is fixed on spring stop, and spring stop and spring are fixed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310133576.0A CN103192846B (en) | 2013-04-17 | 2013-04-17 | A kind of method of train braking stored energy and utilization and device thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310133576.0A CN103192846B (en) | 2013-04-17 | 2013-04-17 | A kind of method of train braking stored energy and utilization and device thereof |
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| CN103192846A CN103192846A (en) | 2013-07-10 |
| CN103192846B true CN103192846B (en) | 2015-10-28 |
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| CN201310133576.0A Expired - Fee Related CN103192846B (en) | 2013-04-17 | 2013-04-17 | A kind of method of train braking stored energy and utilization and device thereof |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104743465B (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2017-04-05 | 河南机电高等专科学校 | A kind of crane brake accumulating mechanism |
| CN106698271A (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2017-05-24 | 安徽合力股份有限公司 | Standing driving type forklift braking system |
| CN112849170B (en) * | 2021-02-19 | 2024-01-05 | 安徽万航轨道交通装备有限公司 | Oil-electricity hybrid driving device for locomotive head of railway locomotive |
| CN113700801B (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2024-01-26 | 郭宁波 | Self-locking speed reducer |
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| DE2143753C3 (en) * | 1971-09-01 | 1979-07-12 | Preh Elektrofeinmechanische Werke Jakob Preh Nachf., Gmbh & Co, 8740 Bad Neustadt | Adjustable resistance |
| CN87102501A (en) * | 1987-03-31 | 1987-11-04 | 李德华 | Spring store energy motor and spring energy-storage bicycle |
| CN1157231A (en) * | 1996-02-13 | 1997-08-20 | 江深 | Automatic wheel |
| CN1634625A (en) * | 2004-12-08 | 2005-07-06 | 于洪晶 | Sliding booster |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AR033105A1 (en) * | 2002-04-02 | 2003-12-03 | Damian Calvo | ACCUMULATOR-ENERGY DRIVER DEVICE |
| JP2008223747A (en) * | 2007-03-08 | 2008-09-25 | Itbox Co Ltd | Energy conservation device |
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2013
- 2013-04-17 CN CN201310133576.0A patent/CN103192846B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2143753C3 (en) * | 1971-09-01 | 1979-07-12 | Preh Elektrofeinmechanische Werke Jakob Preh Nachf., Gmbh & Co, 8740 Bad Neustadt | Adjustable resistance |
| CN87102501A (en) * | 1987-03-31 | 1987-11-04 | 李德华 | Spring store energy motor and spring energy-storage bicycle |
| CN1157231A (en) * | 1996-02-13 | 1997-08-20 | 江深 | Automatic wheel |
| CN1634625A (en) * | 2004-12-08 | 2005-07-06 | 于洪晶 | Sliding booster |
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