CN103188158A - On-chip network router and on-chip network routing method - Google Patents
On-chip network router and on-chip network routing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103188158A CN103188158A CN2011104485864A CN201110448586A CN103188158A CN 103188158 A CN103188158 A CN 103188158A CN 2011104485864 A CN2011104485864 A CN 2011104485864A CN 201110448586 A CN201110448586 A CN 201110448586A CN 103188158 A CN103188158 A CN 103188158A
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Abstract
The invention provides an on-chip network router which comprises a wireless communication unit connected with an exchange switch unit, a modulation module, a cache module, a demodulation module, a judgment module, a comparison module and a wireless input module, wherein the wireless communication unit comprises a check code generating module used for generating a check code, adding the check code to an input data segment, and transmitting the data segment to the modulation module; the modulation module is used for modulating the data segment with the additional check code or a retransmission request signal into a wireless signal, and sending the wireless signal through an antenna; the cache module is used for caching the data segment with the additional check code; the demodulation module is used for demodulating the wireless signal received by the antenna and obtaining demodulation data; the judgment module is used for judging the type of the demodulation data; the comparison module is used for generating a comparison check code, and comparing the comparison check code with the additional check code in the data segment; and the wireless input module comprises a first virtual channel submodule, and is used for caching the data segment transmitted by the check code comparison module to the first virtual channel submodule.
Description
Technical field
The application relates to the SOC (system on a chip) technical field, particularly relates to a kind of network-on-chip router and method for routing.
Background technology
Network-on-chip becomes the focus of academia's research as a kind of very promising technology, and begin to be adopted by the system-on-chip designs in industrial circle forward position, Intel has developed 48 core processors of the employing network-on-chip technology of a isolated cloud computer by name (SCC:Single-chip Cloud Computer).On-chip network structure is that the concept of communication network is transplanted to chip-on communication, by data are combined into packet, carries out Path selection and flow control by the router on the transmission path, realizes the exchanges data of intermodule.It can provide for the processing unit on the chip flexibly, walk abreast, distributed data path.Compare with bus structures, owing to only there is the connection to adjacent block in the network-on-chip interconnect architecture, therefore has the topological structure of rule, thereby can expand to easily on the SOC (system on a chip) of hundreds of and even thousands of modules.And the structure of rule makes that also the easier control of electric parameter and the optimization of interconnection line, physics time-delay and power consumption also are more prone to calculate, and power consumption also can be optimized simultaneously.Yet when carrying out long haul communication on the chip, owing to lack quick passage, communication need increase the probability that message is blocked in the route through routing forwarding repeatedly, thereby causes the time-delay of message very big and be difficult to prediction, and service quality also is difficult to be guaranteed.
Along with the progress of nanometer technology and radio communication, radio communication becomes possibility in the sheet, and the bandwidth of communication can reach hundreds of GHz and even tens of THz.So produced the interconnect architecture that some employings are wireless, wired connection is mixed.In the network-on-chip interconnection of mixed architecture, two kinds of channels are arranged: the wireless channel of traditional wire message way and long distance.Neighbour's module connects by wire message way, and wireless channel is used for connecting distance module far away.These wireless channels can be adopted by the transfer of data of long distance, thereby reduce the hop count in the transmission course.Therefore, the interconnection of the network-on-chip of mixed architecture can be considered to be on traditional on-chip network structure basis, has added some wireless length apart from shortcut.
Design that pith is router in the wireless network-on-chip interconnect architecture.The design of router need solve four main problems: at first, the key index of on-chip interconnect performance is the transmission delay of packet, and therefore should adopt to delay time is the routing algorithm that purpose is optimized, as the routing mechanism of worm channel exchange; Secondly, the phenomenon of route deadlock might appear in the routing algorithm of time-delay guiding, need prevent when therefore designing routing algorithm that deadlock from taking place; The 3rd, to compare with traditional wired interconnection, (BER) is much bigger for the bit error rate (BER) of wireless transmission, can not directly satisfy the requirement of chip-on communication reliability, therefore need the packet of losing be managed; The 4th, the selection algorithm of route and MAC layer are realized enough simple, are easy to realize on the sheet.
Traditional network-on-chip router adopts the routing mechanism of worm channel exchange to solve the problem of transmission delay, adopts X-Y route scheduling algorithm to avoid the route deadlock.But owing in the network-on-chip of mixed architecture, added wireless channel, the bit error rate (BER) of wireless transmission increases, the reliability of chip-on communication reduces, initiate path can cause data deadlock problem, therefore need the new router of design, in order to addressing the above problem, thereby guarantee the reliability of wireless data transmission.
Summary of the invention
The application's technical problem to be solved provides a kind of network-on-chip router, can detect the mistake in the data transmission procedure and data re-transmission, solve and add the data deadlock problem that causes after the wireless connections in the on-chip network structure, the reliability of raising transmission.
In order to address the above problem, the application discloses a kind of network-on-chip router, comprising: wireless communication unit is connected with the alteration switch unit, and wherein, described wireless communication unit comprises:
The check code generation module be used for to generate check code, check code is appended in the input data segment, and with data segment transmission to modulation module;
Modulation module is used for and will be modulated into wireless signal with data segment or the re-send request may signal of additional check code, and sends by antenna;
Cache module is used for the data segment of the additional check code of described band is carried out buffer memory;
Demodulation module, the wireless signal demodulation for antenna is received obtains demodulating data;
Judge module is for the type of judging described demodulating data; If described demodulating data is the data segment of the additional check code of band, then with described data segment transmission to comparing module; If described demodulating data is for retransmitting request signal, then with the data segment transmission in the cache module to modulation module;
Comparing module, for generation of the comparison check code, and with data segment in the comparison of additional check code; When comparison is wrong, then send the re-send request may signal to modulation module; When comparison when correct, then with data segment transmission to wireless input module;
Wireless input module comprises the first Virtual Channel submodule, and described wireless input module is used for data segment buffer memory to the first Virtual Channel submodule with the transmission of check code comparing module.
Preferably, the described check code comparing module data segment that transfers to wireless input module is for removing the data segment behind the additional check code.
Preferably, described network-on-chip router also comprises:
Input unit, described input unit comprise the second Virtual Channel module, are used for data segment buffer memory to the second Virtual Channel module with external world's input, and will import data segment transmission to export target.
Preferably, described network-on-chip router also comprises:
The Route Selection unit is used for according to the next network router of the data segment Information Selection of the first Virtual Channel submodule or the second Virtual Channel module;
The Virtual Channel allocation units for detection of the state information of described next network router, distribute the export target Virtual Channel of data segment in next network router in the first Virtual Channel submodule or the second Virtual Channel module.
Preferably, described export target is the target Virtual Channel in check code generation module or the described next network router.
On the other hand, disclosed herein as well is a kind of network-on-chip method for routing, comprising:
The intercommunication of alteration switch unit and wireless communication unit;
When wireless communication unit is in the transmission state, data segment handled comprises following substep:
Generate check code, check code is appended in the input data segment;
Data segment or the re-send request may signal of the additional check code of band are modulated into wireless signal, and send by antenna;
The data segment of the additional check code of the described band of buffer memory;
When wireless communication unit is in accepting state, data segment handled comprises following substep:
Wireless signal demodulation with antenna receives obtains demodulating data;
Judge the type of described demodulating data:
If described demodulating data is the data segment of the additional check code of band, then produces the comparison check code, and compare with the additional check code in the data segment:
When comparison is wrong, then sends the re-send request may signal and modulate;
When comparison is correct, then data segment transmission to wireless input module is stored;
If described demodulating data then takes out data in buffer section under the transmission state, and is modulated into wireless signal for retransmitting request signal, send by antenna.
Preferably, the described data segment that transfers to wireless input module is the data segment behind the additional check code of removal.
Preferably, described method also comprises:
With the data segment buffer memory of the external world input second Virtual Channel module to the input unit, and data segment transmission to export target handled.
Preferably, described method also comprises:
According to the next network router of the data segment Information Selection in the first Virtual Channel submodule or the second Virtual Channel module;
Detect the state information of described next network router, distribute the export target Virtual Channel of data segment in next network router in the first Virtual Channel submodule or the second Virtual Channel module.
Preferably, described data segment transmission is handled to export target comprises:
Data segment transmission to wireless communication unit, is generated check code, check code is appended in the input data segment; Perhaps,
With the target Virtual Channel of data segment transmission to the next network router.
Compared with prior art, the application comprises following advantage:
The application makes when having wireless connections in the router by add wireless communication unit in network-on-chip router, can carry out data communication by wireless communication unit.By check code generation module, comparing module and cache module are set in wireless communication unit, can detect the data transmission fault in the wireless transmission process, the line data of going forward side by side retransmits, solve the data deadlock problem that causes after the adding wireless connections in the on-chip network structure, improved the reliability of transmission.The application only needs additional wireless communication unit on traditional router base, and with original route and VC assignment logic compatibility, structure is simple and clear, and expense is less.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure block diagram of a kind of network-on-chip router of the application;
Fig. 2 is the concrete structure figure of wireless communication unit in a kind of network-on-chip router of the application;
Fig. 3 is the structured flowchart of wireless communication unit in a kind of network-on-chip router of the application;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the interconnected SOC (system on a chip) of application the application's mixed architecture;
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of a kind of network-on-chip method for routing of the application embodiment.
Embodiment
For above-mentioned purpose, the feature and advantage that make the application can become apparent more, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the application is described in further detail.
With reference to Fig. 1, show the overall structure block diagram of a kind of network-on-chip router of the application, this network router is to have added wireless communication unit on the basis of basic route, is used for carrying out radio communication when on the router wireless connections being arranged.
With reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, show overall structure figure and the structured flowchart of wireless communication unit in a kind of network-on-chip router of the application, wherein, antenna can switch between sending mode and receiving mode, so wireless communication unit is a semiduplex wireless channel.
This wireless communication unit also comprises:
Check code generation module (check code generator) be used for to generate check code (as parity check code, the cyclic redundancy check check code), check code is appended in the input data segment, and with data segment transmission to modulation module;
Modulation module (modulator) is used for and will be modulated into wireless signal with data segment or the re-send request may signal of additional check code, and sends by antenna;
Cache module (re-transmission buffer memory) is used for the data segment of the additional check code of described band is carried out buffer memory;
Demodulation module (demodulator), the wireless signal demodulation for antenna is received obtains demodulating data;
Judge module is for the type of judging described demodulating data; If described demodulating data is the data segment of the additional check code of band, then with described data segment transmission to comparing module; If described demodulating data is for retransmitting request signal, then with the data segment transmission in the cache module to modulation module;
Comparing module (check code comparative device), for generation of the comparison check code, and with data segment in the comparison of additional check code; When comparison is wrong, then send the re-send request may signal to modulation module; When comparison is correct, then with data segment transmission to the first Virtual Channel module;
Wireless input module comprises the first Virtual Channel submodule (first Virtual Channel), and described wireless input module is used for data segment buffer memory to the first Virtual Channel submodule with the transmission of check code comparing module.
Wherein, the described check code comparing module data segment that transfers to wireless input module is for removing the data segment behind the additional check code.
The network-on-chip router that the application proposes also comprises:
Input unit, described input unit comprises the second Virtual Channel module, be used for data segment buffer memory to the second Virtual Channel module with external world's input, and will import data segment transmission to export target, described export target is the target Virtual Channel in check code generation module or the next network router.
Wherein, the data segment of extraneous input comprises the input of east, south, west, 5 directions in north and this locality, after extraneous data are input to input unit, can call the Route Selection unit and the Virtual Channel allocation units carry out the decision-making of route and Virtual Channel.
The Route Selection unit is used for the next network router of data segment Information Selection according to the first empty logical sub-road module or the second Virtual Channel module;
The Virtual Channel allocation units for detection of the state information of described next network router, distribute the export target Virtual Channel of data segment in next network router in the first Virtual Channel submodule or the second Virtual Channel module.
The alteration switch unit is connected with input unit, wireless communication unit and exchange arbitration unit, and the exchange arbitration unit is used for control alteration switch unit, thereby selects the whereabouts of input data segment.
Below, the concrete course of work of the application's network-on-chip router when having wireless connections.
If the signal that current router receives is wire signal, then carry out following step:
Step 11, input unit receives external data, according to the information of Virtual Channel allocation units in the coupled previous network router, will import the data segment buffer memory to corresponding Virtual Channel.
Step 12, the exchange arbitration unit is judged the transmission form that current needs carry out:
Carry out wire transmission if draw current needs by routing algorithm, then carry out following steps:
Step 131, the Route Selection unit is according to the next network router of the data segment Information Selection in the second Virtual Channel module;
Step 141, the Virtual Channel allocation units detect the state information of described next network router, distribute the export target Virtual Channel of data segment in next network router in the second Virtual Channel module;
Step 151, the alteration switch unit is connected current route with described next network router;
Step 161 exports data segment in the next network router in the corresponding Virtual Channel.
Carry out wireless transmission if draw current needs by routing algorithm, then carry out following steps:
Step 132 is initialized as accepting state with antenna; The alteration switch unit is connected to wireless transmission unit with described input unit;
Step 142, wireless transmission unit are received the transmission request of data, and switched antenna is the transmission state, with the input data segment transmission that receives to the check code generation module;
Step 152, check code generation module generate check code, check code is appended in the input data segment, and with data segment transmission to modulation module;
Step 162, modulation module will be modulated into wireless signal with the data segment of additional check code, and send by antenna;
Step 172, cache module carries out buffer memory with the data segment of the additional check code of described band;
If the signal that current route receives is wireless signal, then carry out following step:
Step 21, demodulation module obtains demodulating data with the wireless signal demodulation that antenna receives;
Step 22, judge module are judged the type of described demodulating data:
If described demodulating data is for retransmitting request signal, then execution in step 23;
If described demodulating data is the data segment of the additional check code of band, then with described data segment transmission to comparing module, execution in step 24;
Step 23 switches to the transmission state with antenna, takes out data segment transmission in the cache module to modulation module, and sends by antenna, switches tieback subsequently and receives state;
Step 24, comparing module produce the comparison check code, and compare with the additional check code in the data segment:
When comparison is wrong, then antenna is switched to the transmission state, send the re-send request may signal to modulation module, modulation module is modulated into wireless signal with the re-send request may signal and sends by antenna, switches tieback subsequently and receives state;
When comparison when correct, then with data segment transmission to wireless input module;
Step 25, wireless input module is with data segment buffer memory to the first Virtual Channel submodule of check code comparing module transmission;
Step 26, the Route Selection unit is according to the next network router of the data segment Information Selection in the first Virtual Channel submodule;
Step 27, the Virtual Channel allocation units detect the state information of described next network router, determine the export target Virtual Channel of data segment in next network router in the first Virtual Channel submodule;
Step 28 exports data segment in the next network router in the corresponding Virtual Channel.
With reference to Fig. 3, show the schematic diagram of the interconnected SOC (system on a chip) of the mixed architecture of using the application, between router three and 5,8 and 14, wireless connections are arranged, so router three, 5,8, the 14 network-on-chip route of having used the application to propose, and other routers have used traditional router.Attention can be that every pair of wireless connections distribute specific frequency by the frequency division multiple access technology, thereby avoids the conflict of channel.Suppose current need be from module 3 transmission data segment A to module 5, its course of work is:
Step a, the antenna of initial condition router three and router five all is in accepting state;
Step b, module 3 at first sends to data segment the router three that is attached thereto, owing between the router three and 5 wireless connections are arranged, the data segment that the exchange arbitration unit can be controlled input enters wireless communication unit by the alteration switch unit;
Step c, wireless communication unit switches to the transmission state with antenna, and data segment produces check code by the check code generation module, forms the data segment A ' of the additional check code of band, modulates by modulation module then, sends A ' by antenna;
Steps d, after transmission finished, the data segment A ' that the band that has sent is added check code was cached in the cache module, and antenna is switched tieback receipts state;
Step e, router five receives data, at first through demodulation module with the wireless signal demodulation that receives, obtain demodulating data, be judged as the data segment A ' of the additional check code of band, in being to use comparing module comparison check information, determine whether transmission course has error code;
Step f, if comparison is errorless, to the Virtual Channel of Virtual Channel allocation units request input channel, and the initial data section that will remove check code is stored into and specifies in the Virtual Channel, continues subsequently to monitor;
Step g if comparison is wrong, switches to the transmission state with antenna, sends the re-send request may signal, to the error of transmission of source routing reminder-data, switches tieback subsequently and receives state;
Step h if router three is received the re-send request may signal, then switches to antenna the transmission state, takes out the data segment A ' that stores in the cache module, sends again through the modulation module modulation, and by antenna, switches tieback subsequently and receives state.
This process has guaranteed that data segment carries out the reliability of data when transmitting between module 3 and module 5.
With reference to Fig. 4, show the flow chart of a kind of network-on-chip method for routing of the application embodiment, described method comprises:
The intercommunication of alteration switch unit and wireless communication unit;
When wireless communication unit is in the transmission state, data segment handled comprises following substep:
Generate check code, check code is appended in the input data segment;
Data segment or the re-send request may signal of the additional check code of band are modulated into wireless signal, and send by antenna;
The data segment of the additional check code of the described band of buffer memory;
When wireless communication unit is in accepting state, data segment handled comprises following substep:
Wireless signal demodulation with antenna receives obtains demodulating data;
Judge the type of described demodulating data:
If described demodulating data is the data segment of the additional check code of band, then produces the comparison check code, and compare with the additional check code in the data segment:
When comparison is wrong, then sends the re-send request may signal and modulate; When comparison is correct, then data segment transmission to wireless input module is stored;
If described demodulating data then takes out data in buffer section under the transmission state, and is modulated into wireless signal for retransmitting request signal, send by antenna.
Wherein, the described data segment that transfers to wireless input module is the data segment behind the additional check code of removal.
Described method also comprises:
With the data segment buffer memory of the external world input second Virtual Channel module to the input unit, and data segment transmission to export target handled.
According to the next network router of the data segment Information Selection in the first Virtual Channel submodule or the second Virtual Channel module; Detect the state information of described next network router, distribute the export target Virtual Channel of data segment in next network router in the first Virtual Channel submodule or the second Virtual Channel module.
Wherein, described data segment transmission is handled to export target comprises:
Data segment transmission to wireless communication unit, is generated check code, check code is appended in the input data segment; Perhaps,
With the target Virtual Channel of data segment transmission to the next network router.
For method embodiment, because it is similar substantially to method embodiment, so description is fairly simple, relevant part gets final product referring to the part explanation of method embodiment.
More than a kind of network-on-chip router and method for routing that the application is provided, be described in detail, used specific case herein the application's principle and execution mode are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment just is used for helping to understand the application's method and core concept thereof; Simultaneously, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to the application's thought, the part that all can change in specific embodiments and applications, in sum, this description should not be construed as the restriction to the application.
Claims (10)
1. a network-on-chip router is characterized in that, comprising: wireless communication unit is connected with the alteration switch unit, and wherein, described wireless communication unit comprises:
The check code generation module be used for to generate check code, check code is appended in the input data segment, and with data segment transmission to modulation module;
Modulation module is used for and will be modulated into wireless signal with data segment or the re-send request may signal of additional check code, and sends by antenna;
Cache module is used for the data segment of the additional check code of described band is carried out buffer memory;
Demodulation module, the wireless signal demodulation for antenna is received obtains demodulating data;
Judge module is for the type of judging described demodulating data; If described demodulating data is the data segment of the additional check code of band, then with described data segment transmission to comparing module; If described demodulating data is for retransmitting request signal, then with the data segment transmission in the cache module to modulation module;
Comparing module, for generation of the comparison check code, and with data segment in the comparison of additional check code; When comparison is wrong, then send the re-send request may signal to modulation module; When comparison when correct, then with data segment transmission to wireless input module;
Wireless input module comprises the first Virtual Channel submodule, and described wireless input module is used for data segment buffer memory to the first Virtual Channel submodule with the transmission of check code comparing module.
2. network-on-chip router according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the data segment that described check code comparing module transfers to wireless input module is for removing the data segment behind the additional check code.
3. network-on-chip router according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Input unit, described input unit comprise the second Virtual Channel module, are used for data segment buffer memory to the second Virtual Channel module with external world's input, and will import data segment transmission to export target.
4. network-on-chip router according to claim 3 is characterized in that, also comprises:
The Route Selection unit is used for according to the next network router of the data segment Information Selection of the first Virtual Channel submodule or the second Virtual Channel module;
The Virtual Channel allocation units for detection of the state information of described next network router, distribute the export target Virtual Channel of data segment in next network router in the first Virtual Channel submodule or the second Virtual Channel module.
5. network-on-chip router according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described export target is the target Virtual Channel in check code generation module or the described next network router.
6. a network-on-chip method for routing is characterized in that, comprising:
The intercommunication of alteration switch unit and wireless communication unit;
When wireless communication unit is in the transmission state, data segment handled comprises following substep:
Generate check code, check code is appended in the input data segment;
Data segment or the re-send request may signal of the additional check code of band are modulated into wireless signal, and send by antenna;
The data segment of the additional check code of the described band of buffer memory;
When wireless communication unit is in accepting state, data segment handled comprises following substep:
Wireless signal demodulation with antenna receives obtains demodulating data;
Judge the type of described demodulating data:
If described demodulating data is the data segment of the additional check code of band, then produces the comparison check code, and compare with the additional check code in the data segment:
When comparison is wrong, then sends the re-send request may signal and modulate;
When comparison is correct, then data segment transmission to wireless input module is stored;
If described demodulating data then takes out data in buffer section under the transmission state, and is modulated into wireless signal for retransmitting request signal, send by antenna.
7. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, the described data segment that transfers to wireless input module is the data segment behind the additional check code of removal.
8. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, also comprises:
With the data segment buffer memory of the external world input second Virtual Channel module to the input unit, and data segment transmission to export target handled.
9. method according to claim 8 is characterized in that, also comprises:
According to the next network router of the data segment Information Selection in the first Virtual Channel submodule or the second Virtual Channel module;
Detect the state information of described next network router, distribute the export target Virtual Channel of data segment in next network router in the first Virtual Channel submodule or the second Virtual Channel module.
10. method according to claim 9 is characterized in that, described data segment transmission is handled to export target comprises:
Data segment transmission to wireless communication unit, is generated check code, check code is appended in the input data segment; Perhaps,
With the target Virtual Channel of data segment transmission to the next network router.
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| CN105488011A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2016-04-13 | 杭州华为数字技术有限公司 | Memory access processing method for network-on-chip and network-on-chip |
| CN105488011B (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2018-06-19 | 杭州华为数字技术有限公司 | The memory access processing method and network-on-chip of network-on-chip |
| CN107454003A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2017-12-08 | 南京航空航天大学 | It is a kind of can dynamic switching working mode network-on-chip router and method |
| CN107454003B (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2019-08-30 | 南京航空航天大学 | It is a kind of can dynamic switching working mode network-on-chip router and method |
| CN109039949A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-12-18 | 合肥工业大学 | Dynamic radio media access control method priority-based in wireless network-on-chip |
| CN110336744A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2019-10-15 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of fault tolerance rout ing method of area fault perception in wireless network-on-chip |
| CN110336744B (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2021-05-04 | 合肥工业大学 | Fault-tolerant routing method for sensing regional fault in wireless network on chip |
| CN112152932A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2020-12-29 | 山东云海国创云计算装备产业创新中心有限公司 | Network-on-chip routing control method, network-on-chip router and readable storage medium |
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