CN103187588B - Solid electrolyte, lithium battery with solid electrolyte and electrochemical carrier structure - Google Patents
Solid electrolyte, lithium battery with solid electrolyte and electrochemical carrier structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN103187588B CN103187588B CN201110461301.0A CN201110461301A CN103187588B CN 103187588 B CN103187588 B CN 103187588B CN 201110461301 A CN201110461301 A CN 201110461301A CN 103187588 B CN103187588 B CN 103187588B
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- solid electrolyte
- polysiloxane
- grafted
- graphene oxide
- electrolyte according
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- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- -1 polyoxy Polymers 0.000 claims description 40
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000005518 electrochemistry Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010238 LiAlCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910013528 LiN(SO2 CF3)2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910013553 LiNO Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910012424 LiSO 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910012513 LiSbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005429 oxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- DUDCYUDPBRJVLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxyethane methyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOCC.COC(=O)C(C)=C DUDCYUDPBRJVLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001427 mPEG Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001843 polymethylhydrosiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a solid electrolyte comprising: 85 to 95 parts by weight of a polysiloxane-grafted polyoxyalkyl methacrylate polymer; 5 to 10 parts by weight of a lithium salt; and 0.01 to 3 parts by weight of graphene oxide. The invention also relates to lithium batteries and electrochemical carrier structures comprising the solid electrolyte.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to solid electrolyte, more specifically, the present invention relates to the solid electrolyte adding graphene oxide.
Background technology
For mobile phone and portable computer and electronic product, battery is considerable assembly.For reducing the size of electronic product and weight, improving the capacitance of battery and reducing its volume and be regarded as one of improvable means.The average voltage being formed the lithium battery of negative pole by graphite material is more than or equal to 3.7V.Moreover, the degeneration that lithium battery can avoid charge and discharge cycles to cause.In sum, the lithium battery of tool high-energy-density and output density is applicable in portable electronic product.
In order to be applied to different types of assembly, the profile design of lithium battery needs tool high resiliency and the degree of freedom, the little thin battery large with area of such as thickness, or the little cassette battery little with area of thickness.But, in existing battery component, need both positive and negative polarity and electrolyte be coated in metal, thus be difficult to form various shape.Liquid electrolyte not only can make processing procedure become quite complicated, also has the possibility of leakage.
In order to solve the problem, battery preferably adopts solid electrolyte.The ionic conductivity of solid electrolyte is higher, adopts its battery efficiency better.In addition, solid electrolyte is also applicable to electrochemistry carrier structure, and its ionic conductivity is also more high better.In sum, the solid electrolyte composition with high ion-conductivity is needed at present badly.
Summary of the invention
One embodiment of the invention provides a kind of solid electrolyte, comprising: the polysiloxane-grafted polyoxy alkane methacrylate macromolecule of 85 to 95 weight portions; The lithium salts of 5 to 10 weight portions; And 0.01 to 3 graphene oxide of weight portion.
One embodiment of the invention provides a kind of lithium battery, comprises above-mentioned solid electrolyte.
One embodiment of the invention provides a kind of electrochemistry carrier structure (electrochemical carrier structure), comprises above-mentioned solid electrolyte.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is in the embodiment of the present invention, the EO/Li of different solid electrolyte and the graph of a relation of ionic conductivity; And
Fig. 2 is in the embodiment of the present invention, and the graphene oxide of Different Weight percentage is added into the graph of a relation of the ionic conductivity of solid electrolyte.
Embodiment
One embodiment of the invention provides a kind of solid electrolyte, comprising: the polysiloxane-grafted polyoxy alkane methacrylate macromolecule of 85 to 95 weight portions; The lithium salts of 5 to 10 weight portions; And 0.01 to 3 graphene oxide of weight portion.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the high molecular structure of polysiloxane-grafted polyoxy alkane methacrylate as shown in Equation 1.
(formula 1)
In formula 1, m is between 1 to 9.If the numerical value of m is excessive, then easily produce crystallization, the flexibility of electrolyte structure reduces, and strand is restricted not easily to be moved, and causes electrolyte electrical conductivity to reduce.In formula 1, p is between 5 to 25.If the numerical value of p is too small, then oxyalkyl is few, and associate with lithium ion and transmit poor effect, lithium ion transmission not easily.In formula 1, q is between 1 to 5.If the numerical value of q is excessive, then grafting oxyalkyl is few, associates transmit poor effect with lithium ion.In formula 1, r is between 12 to 40.In formula 1, x is between 1 to 31.If the numerical value of x is too small, then associates with lithium ion and transmit poor effect.In formula 1, y is between 3 to 29.If the numerical value of y is excessive, then with lithium ion association poor effect, transmit not easily.
The high molecular synthesis mode of above-mentioned polysiloxane-grafted polyoxy alkane methacrylate is as follows:
First, polyoxy alkylamine (polyetheramine) and GMA are reacted 4 ~ 12 hours at 60 ~ 80 DEG C, as shown in Equation 2.
(formula 2)
In formula 2, starting material amine can be commercially available
series, as M-600 (x=1, y=9), M-1000 (x=19, y=3), M-2005 (x=6, y=29) or M-2070 (x=31, y=10).
Then, polysiloxane-grafted polyoxy alkane methacrylate macromolecule is synthesized, as shown in Equation 3, can reference hydrogen silication catalytic reaction (J.Appl Electrochem (2009) 39:253):
(formula 3)
In formula 3, polymethyl silicane can be poly (methyl hydrosiloxane) (Aldrich, 176206, n=26 ~ 51), and polyvinyl alcohol methacrylate can be Poly (ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (Aldrich, 447943, n ~ 9).
In an embodiment of the present invention, lithium salts can be LiPF
6, LiBF
4, LiAsF
6, LiSbF
6, LiClO
4, LiAlCl
4, LiGaCl
4, LiNO
3, LiC (SO
2cF
3)
3, LiN (SO
2cF
3)
2, LiSCN, LiO
3sCF
2cF
3, LiC
6f
5sO
3, LiO
2cCF
3, LiSO
3f, LiB (C
6h
5)
4, LiCF
3sO
3or above-mentioned combination.If lithium salts consumption is too high, then cannot be dissolved in electrolyte completely.If lithium salts consumption is too low, cause lithium ion ratio in the electrolyte too low, thus electrical conductivity is lower.
In an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to the Hummers method synthesis graphene oxide of improvement, it is characterized by graphite flake and there is multiple oxidation functional group, as hydroxyl, carboxyl, carbonyl, epoxy radicals or above-mentioned combination.Graphene oxide can produce active force with lithium salts, helps salt to dissociate, and then provides lithium ion conduction path, reach the lifting of ionic conductance.Graphene oxide via the method synthesis can be single layer structure or minority Rotating fields, the number of plies fewer (sheet thickness is less) represents that the oxidation functional group of the graphene oxide available band polarity of identical weight is more, then be more conducive to promoting ionic conductance.Each sheet (graphene sheet) thickness is not more than 20nm, if sheet thickness is too large, is then unfavorable for that graphene oxide powder is dispersed in electrolyte solution.The formation method of graphene oxide can with reference to Nature (2006) 442:282, J.Am.Chem.Soc. (1958) 80:1339 and Ber.Dtsch.Chem.Ges. (1989) 31:1481.For example, graphite can be placed in 98% sulfuric acid and NaNO
3after, then add KMnO
4carry out sonic oscillation, namely form graphene oxide.
By above-mentioned polysiloxane-grafted polyoxy alkane methacrylate macromolecule, lithium salts and graphene oxide according to after special ratios mixing, namely form solid electrolyte.Hybrid mode can be sonic oscillation.Above-mentioned solid electrolyte can be applicable in lithium battery or electrochemistry carrier structure.For example, the lithium battery structure being suitable for above-mentioned solid electrolyte can with reference to J.Appl Electrochem (2009) 39:253, and the electrochemistry carrier structure being suitable for above-mentioned solid electrolyte can with reference to the assembly in international Patent classificating number H01L31/0203 (2006.01).
In order to make above and other objects of the present invention, feature and advantage become apparent, several embodiment cited below particularly coordinates accompanying drawing, elaborates.
Comparative example 1
Prepare polysiloxane-grafted polyoxy alkane methacrylate macromolecule in the mode of hydrogen silication catalytic reaction (J.Appl Electrochem (2009) 39:253), its structure as shown in Equation 4:
In formula 4, m is 9, n is 25 ~ 46, and o is 1 ~ 5.Get the polysiloxane-grafted polyoxy alkane methacrylate macromolecule of the formula 4 of 1.5g weight portion and lithium salts bis (trifluoromethylsulfonylimide) (LiTFSI) of 7.715g weight portion, after the mode Homogeneous phase mixing of sonic oscillation, namely form solid electrolyte.Above-mentioned solid electrolyte is measured in ac resistance analysis mode, when the known EO/Li value when solid electrolyte ([getting the solid electrolyte after synthesis (Polysiloxane) weight (g)/salt (LiTFSI) weight (g)] * 100%) is 20, its ionic conductivity is 1.6 × 10
-5s/cm.Generally speaking, EO/Li value is directly proportional to ionic conductivity.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Equation 2, get the GMA (TCI, M0590) of 0.2 molar part and 0.2 molar part amine (
2070, x=31, y=10) after reaction, form the product shown in formula 2.
Then as shown in Equation 3, after getting methacrylate (Aldrich, the 447943) reaction of the polyvinyl alcohol of the polymethyl siloxane (Aldrich, 176206) of 1.01 molar part, the product shown in formula 2 and 0.8 molar part, form the product (polysiloxane-grafted polyoxy alkane methacrylate macromolecule) shown in formula 3, wherein m is 9, p is between 5 ~ 10, and q is between 1 ~ 2, and r is between 20 ~ 40, x is 31, and y is 10.
Get the above-mentioned polysiloxane-grafted polyoxy alkane methacrylate macromolecule product of 1.5g weight portion and the lithium salts (LiTFSI) of 0.56g weight portion, after the mode Homogeneous phase mixing of sonic oscillation, namely form solid electrolyte.Measure above-mentioned solid electrolyte in ac resistance analysis mode, the relation of its ionic conductivity and EO/Li value as shown in Figure 1.As shown in Figure 1, when the EO/Li of the solid electrolyte of embodiment 1 is only 2.7, namely its ionic conductivity reaches 10
-4s/cm.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Equation 2, get the GMA (TCI, M0590) of 0.5 molar part and 0.5 molar part amine (
2070, x=31, y=10) after reaction, form the product shown in formula 2.
Then as shown in Equation 3, after getting methacrylate (Aldrich, the 447943) reaction of the polyvinyl alcohol of the polymethyl siloxane (Aldrich, 176206) of 1.01 molar part, the product shown in formula 2 and 0.5 molar part, form the product (polysiloxane-grafted polyoxy alkane methacrylate macromolecule) shown in formula 3, wherein m is 9, p is between 12 ~ 25, and q is between 1 ~ 2, and r is 12 ~ 25, x is 31, and y is 10.
Get the above-mentioned polysiloxane-grafted polyoxy alkane methacrylate macromolecule product of 1.5g weight portion and the lithium salts (LiTFSI) of 2.03g weight portion, after the mode Homogeneous phase mixing of sonic oscillation, namely form solid electrolyte.Measure above-mentioned solid electrolyte in ac resistance analysis mode, the relation of its ionic conductivity and EO/Li value as shown in Figure 1.As shown in Figure 1, when the EO/Li of the solid electrolyte of embodiment 2 is only 0.74, its ionic conductivity reaches 3.6 × 10
-4s/cm.When the EO/Li of the solid electrolyte of embodiment 2 is 20, its ionic conductivity is 4 × 10
-5s/cm.
Embodiment 3
As shown in Equation 2, get the GMA (TCI, M0590) of 0.5 molar part and 0.5 molar part amine (
2070, x=31, y=10) after reaction, form the product shown in formula 2.
Then as shown in Equation 3, after getting methacrylate (Aldrich, the 447943) reaction of the polyvinyl alcohol of the polymethyl siloxane (Aldrich, 176206) of 1.01 molar part, the product shown in formula 2 and 0.5 molar part, form the product (polysiloxane-grafted polyoxy alkane methacrylate macromolecule) shown in formula 3, wherein m is 9, p is between 12 ~ 25, and q is between 1 ~ 2, and r is 12 ~ 25, x is 31, and y is 10.
Get the graphite (purchased from Alfa Co.) of 20g and the NaNO of 20g
3after being placed in 98% sulfuric acid of 400mL, in stirred at ambient temperature 60 minutes, then add the KMnO of 60g
4carry out sonic oscillation, namely form graphene oxide.
Get the polysiloxane-grafted polyoxy alkane methacrylate macromolecule product of 1.5g weight portion, the lithium salts (LiTFSI) of 2.03g weight portion, the graphene oxide (0.01 ~ 3wt% of polysiloxane-grafted polyoxy alkane methacrylate macromolecule product and lithium salts gross weight) with Different Weight percentage, after the mode Homogeneous phase mixing of sonic oscillation, namely form solid electrolyte.Measure above-mentioned solid electrolyte in ac resistance analysis mode, when EO/Li value is fixed as 0.74, the relation of its ionic conductivity and graphene oxide addition is as shown in Fig. 2 and table 1, and its ionic conductivity is between 3.4 × 10
-4s/cm to 5.6 × 10
-4between S/cm, if all can be deteriorated to ionic conductivity when EO/Li value is too high or too low.Then the addition of graphene oxide is fixed as 0.05wt%, detects different EO/Li value to the impact of ionic conductivity, as shown in Figure 1.When the EO/Li of the solid electrolyte of embodiment 3 is 0.74, its ionic conductivity reaches 4.2 × 10
-4s/cm, higher than the ionic conductivity 3.6 × 10 of the same Eo/Li value of embodiment 2
-4s/cm.From embodiment 2 and 3 relatively, the ionic conductivity that graphene oxide can increase solid electrolyte is added.
Table 1
Although the present invention discloses as above with several preferred embodiment; but itself and be not used to limit the present invention, any those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; when doing arbitrary amendment and change, therefore protection scope of the present invention defines with claims and is as the criterion.
Claims (6)
1. a solid electrolyte, comprising:
The polysiloxane-grafted polyoxy alkane methacrylate macromolecule of 100 weight portions and lithium salts, the weight ratio of wherein said polysiloxane-grafted polyoxy alkane methacrylate macromolecule and described lithium salts is 0.74; And
The graphene oxide of 0.01 to 3 weight portion;
Wherein, the high molecular structure of described polysiloxane-grafted polyoxy alkane methacrylate is as follows:
Wherein m is between 1 to 9; P is between 5 to 25; Q is between 1 to 5; R is between 12 to 40; X is between 1 to 31; And y is between 3 to 29.
2. solid electrolyte according to claim 1, wherein this lithium salts comprises LiPF
6, LiBF
4, LiAsF
6, LiSbF
6, LiClO
4, LiAlCl
4, LiGaCl
4, LiNO
3, LiC (SO
2cF
3)
3, LiN (SO
2cF
3)
2, LiSCN, LiO
3sCF
2cF
3, LiC
6f
5sO
3, LiO
2cCF
3, LiSO
3f, LiB (C
6h
5)
4, LiCF
3sO
3, or above-mentioned combination.
3. solid electrolyte according to claim 1, wherein this graphene oxide has oxidation functional group, comprises hydroxyl, carboxyl, carbonyl or epoxy radicals or above-mentioned combination.
4. solid electrolyte according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of this graphene oxide is less than or equal to 20nm.
5. a lithium battery, comprises solid electrolyte according to claim 1.
6. an electrochemistry carrier structure, comprises solid electrolyte according to claim 1.
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TW100148810A TWI445739B (en) | 2011-12-27 | 2011-12-27 | Solid electrolytes and lithium batteries and electrochemical carrier structures employing the same |
TW100148810 | 2011-12-27 |
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CN103440986B (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2016-12-28 | 华侨大学 | A kind of graphite oxide base transparent solid-state electrolyte preparation method |
US20210104744A1 (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2021-04-08 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Secondary battery and manufacturing method thereof |
TWI711653B (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2020-12-01 | 國立臺灣科技大學 | Polymer and lithium battery |
CN111261937B (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2021-03-23 | 常州大学 | PEO polymer-based 3D network structure all-solid-state electrolyte for all-solid-state lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof |
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Title |
---|
Synthesis of functionalized copolymer electrolytes based on polysiloxane and analysis of their conductivity;Fu-Ming Wang等;《J Appl Electrochem》;20080925;第39卷;253-260 * |
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TWI445739B (en) | 2014-07-21 |
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