CN103186973B - Wireless meter reading method and system - Google Patents
Wireless meter reading method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103186973B CN103186973B CN201110448576.0A CN201110448576A CN103186973B CN 103186973 B CN103186973 B CN 103186973B CN 201110448576 A CN201110448576 A CN 201110448576A CN 103186973 B CN103186973 B CN 103186973B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wireless meter reading method and a system. The wireless meter reading method includes that: a meter sends information to a concentrator in the first time of each interval, the sent information consists of a static ID corresponding to the meter, measurement data and a dynamic ID, which is zero under an initial state, and the first time is a random value in a preset range; under a non-initial state, the dynamic ID is a non-zero value concentrator assigned by the dynamic ID, and the first time is specified by the concentrator; the meter receives return information of the concentrator, with the return information including the assigned dynamic ID assignment and clock information of the system; the meter calibrates its clock according to the clock information, and employs the dynamic ID as a serial number to determine the time slice of the meter in a communication channel, so that multiple meters can undergo time division multiplexing communication in the communication channel. By applying the technical scheme involved in the invention, collision can be avoided when various meters send data to the concentrator, and power consumption is also saved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to communication technical field, particularly relate to a kind of wireless meter reading method and system.
Background technology
Along with the development of Internet of Things, Sensor Network, water meter, gas meter, calorimeter etc. do not have checking meter of the instrument of externally fed more and more to come into one's own.Micropower (short distance) wireless communication technology plays very important effect by the application of checking meter of these instrument.Wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system is made up of host computer (server), concentrator and multiple instrument, instrument is not owing to having the external electric energy supply continued, checking meter of these instrument can only rely on battery or other means (sun power, water/gas stream generating etc.) obtain electric energy, so, its communication itself must consume extremely low power consumption, just can make the power supply component long-term works such as battery.Concentrator is the Centroid of network, and it is collected and keeps in the data of all instrument, then forwards the data to server by telecommunication (as GPRS, CDMA, LTE etc.).Concentrator also receives the descending control command from server, controls certain instrument, and such as control open and close valve, pre-payment are arranged.
In existing wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system, all instrument mosts of the time are in dormant state, and power consumption is low-down, but when concentrator needs to communicate with certain or certain group instrument, communication is that success will follow.Like this, just need a set of flow process or method, make the instrument being in dormant state, when concentrator needs to communicate with it, energy perception also completes communication, and the instrument being about to be in dormant state is waken up, current, the method that instrument is waken up from dormant state is had multiple, such as, signal intensity arousal method, most short packages arousal method, but these awakening methods or poor anti jamming capability, the receive window time is long, thus causes power consumption large.In addition, a kind of mechanism is in addition: communication is not first initiated by concentrator, but instrument timing active initiation, fixed time interval is T, as shown in Figure 1, so just without the need to adopting arouse machine processed, thus saves power consumption.But such wireless meter reading method also has drawback, easily there is collision when emission state in two or more instrument, as instrument 3 and instrument 4, the data will concentrator being caused can not to receive these two instrument in good condition like this, and due to each instrument are all timed sending, also can there is multiple impacts in the instrument 3 then collided and instrument 4 launch time afterwards, thus make to realize accurately checking meter to instrument 3 and instrument 4.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, the power consumption when carrying out radio meter register for prior art is large or can not realize the defect of efficiently checking meter because multiple instrument easily collides, and provides a kind of low in energy consumption and wireless meter reading method efficiently.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: construct a kind of wireless meter reading method, for multiple instrument, continuous data is sent to concentrator, and described wireless meter reading method comprises:
S1. instrument sends information to concentrator in the very first time at each interval, the information sent comprises static ID, continuous data and dynamic I D corresponding to this instrument, wherein, in an initial condition, described dynamic I D is zero, and the described very first time is the random value in preset range; Under non-initial state, the nonzero value that described dynamic I D distributes for concentrator, and the time of the described very first time specified by concentrator;
S2. instrument receives the return message of concentrator, and described return message comprises distributed dynamic I D, the clock information of system;
S3. instrument is according to the clock of described clock information calibration oneself, and by using described dynamic I D to determine the timeslice of this instrument on communication port as sequence number, carries out time-multiplexed communication to make multiple instrument on this communication port.
In wireless meter reading method of the present invention, in described step S1, the information sent also comprises status data.
In wireless meter reading method of the present invention, in described step S2, described return message also comprises valve opening or closes valve order;
Also comprise after described step S2:
S4. instrument is carried out corresponding valve opening according to described order or is closed valve operation.
In wireless meter reading method of the present invention, when the valve of instrument is in closed condition, then this instrument is within the very first time, equally spaced takies multiple timeslice and implements the step of S1-S2-S3, and service time sheet free time communicate.
In wireless meter reading method of the present invention, in described step S2, described return message also comprises prepayment information.
In wireless meter reading method of the present invention, in described step S1, instrument sends information by repeater to concentrator;
In described step S2, instrument receives the return message of concentrator by repeater.
In wireless meter reading method of the present invention, also comprise between step S1 and step S2: instrument enters dormant state, leave the second default time to repeater interim data.
The present invention also constructs a kind of wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system, and comprise concentrator and multiple instrument, described instrument comprises:
Sensor assembly, for measuring the reading of instrument, and generates continuous data;
Sending module, in the very first time at each interval, information is sent to concentrator for instrument, the information sent comprises static ID, continuous data and dynamic I D corresponding to this instrument, wherein, in an initial condition, described dynamic I D is zero, and the described very first time is the random value in preset range; Under non-initial state, the nonzero value that described dynamic I D distributes for concentrator, and the time of the described very first time specified by concentrator;
Receiver module, for receiving the return message of concentrator, described return message comprises distributed dynamic I D, the clock information of system;
Control module, for the clock according to described clock information calibration oneself, and by using described dynamic I D to determine the timeslice of this instrument on communication port as sequence number, on this communication port, carry out time-multiplexed communication to make the multiple instrument in wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system.
In wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system of the present invention, described return message also comprises valve opening or closes the order of valve, and described instrument comprises:
Switch valve operational module, for carrying out corresponding valve opening or closing valve operation according to described order.
In wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system of the present invention, described wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system also comprises the repeater be connected between at least one instrument and described concentrator for expanding communication distance.
In wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system of the present invention, described return message also comprises prepayment information.
Implement technical scheme of the present invention, each instrument determines the timeslice on each comfortable communication port according to distributed dynamic I D, to carry out time-division multiplex communication, each instrument can be avoided like this to produce collision when sending data to concentrator, achieve and efficiently check meter, and due to without the need to arouse machine processed, therefore save power consumption.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the sequential chart of a kind of wireless meter reading method of prior art;
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of wireless meter reading method embodiment one of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the sequential chart of wireless meter reading method of the present invention in bubbling stage of communication;
Fig. 4 is the sequential chart of wireless meter reading method of the present invention in the time-division multiplex communication stage;
Fig. 5 is the sequential chart that in wireless meter reading method of the present invention, multiple instrument shares a timeslice;
Fig. 6 is the logical diagram of instrument embodiment one in wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the logical diagram of wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system embodiment one of the present invention.
Embodiment
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of wireless meter reading method embodiment one of the present invention, and this wireless meter reading method comprises:
S1. instrument sends information to concentrator in the very first time at each interval, the information sent comprises static ID, continuous data and dynamic I D corresponding to this instrument, wherein, in an initial condition, described dynamic I D is zero, and the described very first time is the random value in preset range; Under non-initial state, the nonzero value that described dynamic I D distributes for concentrator, and the time of the described very first time specified by concentrator.It should be noted that each equipment all has unique No. ID, the unique identification of instrument is static ID, is abbreviated as SID, and SID represents the identity of instrument, under normal circumstances, can not change.Concentrator also has ID, is abbreviated as CID.The ID of repeater, is abbreviated as RID.Wireless meter reading method of the present invention shown in composition graphs 3 is at the sequential chart of bubbling stage of communication, in an initial condition, the dynamic I D of each instrument is 0, and the very first time is the random value within the scope of T-Δ T to T+ Δ T, each instrument gets the time interval of a random timing as twice emitting between T-Δ T to T+ Δ T, information is sent to concentrator, this stage belongs to bubbling phase, collision probability can be greatly reduced, the continuous collision probability especially between certain two or more instrument.In addition, sending the information busy channel time in launch window is t
t, under the requirement meeting information transmission, t
tmore short better.When after system run all right, namely enter non-initial state, concentrator or host computer (server) distribute a dynamic I D can to instrument by concentrator temporarily, and be abbreviated as DID, this DID is unique in the coverage of some concentrators.If there is multiple concentrator in system, then the DID of the different instrument of different concentrator covering is repetition.For the instrument being in two or more concentrators repetition overlay area, its DID can be distributed by host computer, also can be adjudicated by the received signal strength of concentrator, after being adjudicated by host computer, distribute DID to this instrument by the concentrator that Received signal strength is the strongest.The effect of this DID is at phase sorting, and the timeslice being TDMA with DID value (time slot) sorts sequence number, completes time-multiplexed communication.
S2. instrument receives the return message of concentrator, and described return message comprises distributed dynamic I D, the clock information of system.It should be noted that in this step after battery has fired, if do not have repeater in system, then this instrument transfers accepting state to immediately, i.e. t
s=0.If there is repeater in system, then according to the time of downstream transmission data and the progression of repeater, set a regular time t
s.At t
speriod, instrument is in dormant state, then enters accepting state, duration t
r.In addition, concentrator or repeater, when lower photos and sending messages, must carry out calculating and the control of launch time, to ensure that the time issuing data can complete and t
roverlap.
S3. instrument is according to the clock of described clock information calibration oneself, and by using described dynamic I D to determine the timeslice of this instrument on communication port as sequence number, carries out time-multiplexed communication to make multiple instrument on this communication port.It should be noted that the time t that this instrument is receiving in this step
rin, if do not receive return message, then do not do any operation, keep current state, calculate random bubbling next time or time-multiplexed timing, then enter dormancy.If receive return message, then according to the clock of described clock information calibration oneself, if the DID non-zero received, then with this DID for sequence number, determine the timeslice of this instrument on communication port, to carry out time-multiplexed communication.Upper once launch time, then enter the time-division multiplex communication stage, no longer random timed sending. but according to fixing clock period T
1carry out the transmission of TDMA time division multiplex, as shown in Figure 4, it should be noted that the timeslice t of a TDMA
ct should be more than or equal to
t(launch window), t
s(sleep window), t
r(receive window) sum.In practical application, t
cshould be designed to much larger than t
t, t
s, t
rsum, for other instrument (DID=0) not entering phase sorting leaves random space of launching, to reduce the probability interfered with each other.Meanwhile, also for valve is in the instrument of closed condition, sheet at the same time may be taken and communicate with repeater or concentrator, reserve the time avoided conflict.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, this wireless meter reading method is described, this wireless meter reading method is divided into two stages: bubbling stage of communication and TDMA time division multiplex stage.Wherein, bubbling stage of communication is generally used for system when initially setting up, have new instrument to add fashionable, instrument maintenance after when again surfing the Net when again networking or after instrument off-grid, be in the instrument in this stage, DID mono-is decided to be 0, and is in the instrument in this stage, and communication sequential as shown in Figure 3, each instrument is every a random time, such as, a random value within the scope of T ± Δ T, at its launch window (t
t) sending information to concentrator or repeater, the information sent comprises static ID, status data, continuous data and dynamic I D corresponding to this instrument, and dynamic I D is zero in an initial condition.Then, of short durationly enter dormancy, the duration is t
s.Then proceed to accepting state, certainly in another embodiment, also can transfer accepting state (t immediately to
sbe 0).In receive state, at its receive window (t
r) receive the return message of concentrator, or by information that repeater returns.Described return message comprises distributed dynamic I D, system clock information etc.Such as, the DID distributed for instrument 1 is 1, and the DID distributed for instrument n is 2, and the DID distributed for instrument 2 is 3, and the DID distributed for instrument 4 is n.Then, instrument is according to the clock of clock information calibration oneself, and determine the timeslice of this instrument on communication port according to sequence number, as shown in Figure 4, on communication port, the determined timeslice of instrument 1 is timeslice 1, the determined timeslice of instrument n is timeslice 2, the determined timeslice of instrument 2 is timeslice 3, and the determined timeslice of instrument 3 is timeslice 4, etc.Within the time subsequently, this multiple instrument is carried out time-multiplexed communication mode according to respective timeslice and is sent information to concentrator.The collision of instrument cubicle can be avoided like this, and due to without the need to arouse machine processed, therefore save power consumption.
In a preferred embodiment, the information that instrument sends to concentrator also can comprise status data, and this status data such as can be: whether whether the mode bit that the battery alarm voltage value of close/open valve state value, battery voltage value or setting, MCU run, Monitoring Data (as whether EEPROM read-write makes mistakes), current (when instrument is water meter) reverse, have artificial magnetic to attack, whether have artificial malice dismounting action, whether have vibrations etc.
In a further advantageous embodiment, the return message in step S2 also comprises valve opening or closes valve order, correspondingly, upon step s 2, also comprises: instrument is carried out corresponding valve opening according to described order or closed valve operation.In addition, the return message in step S2 also comprises prepayment information, and correspondingly, instrument carries out pre-payment initialization and setting according to described prepayment information.Certainly, if also have out of Memory, then do corresponding explanation and execution.
Suppose at very first time T
1in, total m (such as, 600) timeslice.When the valve of certain instrument is in closed condition, because user may be higher to the requirement of real-time of valve opening, the longest close/open valve time T
1the time requirement of user when valve opening may not being met, for addressing this problem, can following measures be taked: this instrument, within the very first time, equally spaced takies multiple timeslice and implements the step of S1-S2-S3, and service time sheet free time communicate.Be specially: when concentrator assigns pass valve order to certain instrument, distribute the dynamic I D of a smaller value to this instrument, the span of this dynamic I D is more than or equal to 1 and is less than or equal to N, can determine a N value according to the requirement of real-time of user, wherein, N(is such as 60) for being less than the integer of m.When determining the timeslice of this instrument in above-mentioned steps S3, by the sequence number corresponding to all timeslices in the very first time respectively divided by N and remainder number, remainder be 0 or the remainder timeslice equal with the DID of distribution be defined as the call duration time sheet of this instrument under valve is in closed condition, then this instrument just can transmit and receive in determined timeslice.Like this, valve is in the instrument of closed condition, within the T1 time, can transmit and receive m/N time (such as 600/60=10, if there is remainder, only rounds), then the maximum duration that valve opening needs is shortened m/N (rounding) doubly.In addition, in order to the instrument preventing instrument repeatedly transmitting and other valve in the valve situation of pass in T1 to be in open mode is conflicted, certain special time being selected in determined timeslice launch time of this instrument, this special time is different from the launch time with the instrument of this Instrument use same time sheet, as shown in Figure 5, if the timeslice t shown in Fig. 5
cbe allocated to a valve simultaneously and be in the instrument that the instrument of closed condition and other certain valve are in open mode, then the first half of this timeslice is the communication window that valve is in the instrument of open mode, the latter half of this timeslice is the communication window that this valve is in the instrument of closed condition, or order is contrary.
In a further advantageous embodiment, in order to the probability that the communication reducing both direction is disturbed mutually, the method for uplink and downlink communication alien frequencies must be adopted.
In addition, because when the reason of distance or barrier can not communicate, also repeater can be inserted between concentrator and instrument, like this between instrument and concentrator, instrument sends information by repeater to concentrator, and receives the return message of concentrator by repeater.Repeater and concentrator all need outside continued power, can select the multiple power supply mode such as civil power or sun power.Preferably, also comprise between step S1 and step S2: instrument enters dormant state, leave the second default time to repeater interim data.
The present invention also constructs a kind of wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system, this wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system comprises concentrator and multiple instrument, Fig. 6 is the logical diagram of instrument embodiment one in wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system of the present invention, and this instrument comprises sending module 10, receiver module 20, control module 30 and sensor assembly 40.Wherein, sensor assembly 10 for measuring instrument reading and convert thereof into continuous data; Sending module 20 sends information to concentrator for instrument in the very first time at each interval, the information sent comprises static ID, continuous data and dynamic I D corresponding to this instrument, wherein, in an initial condition, described dynamic I D is zero, and the described very first time is the random value in preset range; Under non-initial state, the nonzero value that described dynamic I D distributes for concentrator, and the time of the described very first time specified by concentrator; Receiver module 30 is for receiving the return message of concentrator, and described return message comprises distributed dynamic I D, the clock information of system; Control module 40 is for the clock according to described clock information calibration oneself, and by using described dynamic I D to determine the timeslice of this instrument on communication port as sequence number, on this communication port, carry out time-multiplexed communication to make the multiple instrument in wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system.
Preferably, return message also comprises valve opening or closes the order of valve, and instrument also can comprise switch valve operational module, and this switch valve operational module is used for carrying out corresponding valve opening according to described order or closing valve operation.Return message also comprises prepayment information, and correspondingly instrument carries out pre-payment initialization and setting according to described information.
In addition, the logical diagram of wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system embodiment one of the present invention as shown in Figure 7, this wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system comprise concentrator 200, instrument 101,102,103 ... 107 and repeater 300.Wherein, instrument 101,102,103 ... the logical organization of 107 can refer to the embodiment shown in above-mentioned Fig. 6, do not repeat at this, only repeater 300 is described below, this repeater 300 is connected to instrument 103, between 104,105 and concentrator 200, for expanding communication distance in instrument 103,104,105 away from concentrator 200 or when there is barrier.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within right of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. a wireless meter reading method, is sent to concentrator for multiple instrument by continuous data, it is characterized in that, described wireless meter reading method comprises:
S1. instrument sends information to concentrator in the very first time of each fixed time interval, the information sent comprises static ID, continuous data and dynamic I D corresponding to this instrument, wherein, in an initial condition, described dynamic I D is zero, and the described very first time is the random value in preset range; Under non-initial state, the nonzero value that described dynamic I D distributes for concentrator, and the time of the described very first time specified by concentrator;
S2. instrument receives the return message of concentrator, and described return message comprises distributed dynamic I D, the clock information of system;
S3. instrument is according to the clock of described clock information calibration oneself, and by using described dynamic I D to determine the timeslice of this instrument on communication port as sequence number, carries out time-multiplexed communication to make multiple instrument on this communication port.
2. wireless meter reading method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step S1, the information sent also comprises status data.
3. wireless meter reading method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in described step S2, described return message also comprises valve opening or closes valve order;
Also comprise after described step S2:
S4. instrument is carried out corresponding valve opening according to described order or is closed valve operation.
4. wireless meter reading method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, when the valve of instrument is in closed condition, then this instrument is within the very first time, equally spaced take multiple timeslice and implement the step of S1-S2-S3, and service time sheet free time communicate.
5. wireless meter reading method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step S2, described return message also comprises prepayment information.
6. wireless meter reading method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step S1, instrument sends information by repeater to concentrator;
In described step S2, instrument receives the return message of concentrator by repeater.
7. wireless meter reading method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, also comprises between step S1 and step S2: instrument enters dormant state, leaves the second default time to repeater interim data.
8. a wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system, comprise concentrator and multiple instrument, it is characterized in that, described instrument comprises:
Sensor assembly, for measuring the reading of instrument, and generates continuous data;
Sending module, in the very first time of each fixed time interval, information is sent to concentrator for instrument, the information sent comprises static ID, continuous data and dynamic I D corresponding to this instrument, wherein, in an initial condition, described dynamic I D is zero, and the described very first time is the random value in preset range; Under non-initial state, the nonzero value that described dynamic I D distributes for concentrator, and the time of the described very first time specified by concentrator; Receiver module, for receiving the return message of concentrator, described return message comprises distributed dynamic I D, the clock information of system;
Control module, for the clock according to described clock information calibration oneself, and by using described dynamic I D to determine the timeslice of this instrument on communication port as sequence number, on this communication port, carry out time-multiplexed communication to make the multiple instrument in wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system.
9. wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described return message also comprises valve opening or closes the order of valve, and described instrument comprises:
Switch valve operational module, for carrying out corresponding valve opening or closing valve operation according to described order.
10. wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system also comprises the repeater be connected between at least one instrument and described concentrator for expanding communication distance.
11. wireless kilowatt meter reading-out systems according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described return message also comprises prepayment information.
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| CN103186973A (en) | 2013-07-03 |
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