CN103186973A - Wireless meter reading method and system - Google Patents
Wireless meter reading method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103186973A CN103186973A CN2011104485760A CN201110448576A CN103186973A CN 103186973 A CN103186973 A CN 103186973A CN 2011104485760 A CN2011104485760 A CN 2011104485760A CN 201110448576 A CN201110448576 A CN 201110448576A CN 103186973 A CN103186973 A CN 103186973A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wireless meter reading method and a system. The wireless meter reading method includes that: a meter sends information to a concentrator in the first time of each interval, the sent information consists of a static ID corresponding to the meter, measurement data and a dynamic ID, which is zero under an initial state, and the first time is a random value in a preset range; under a non-initial state, the dynamic ID is a non-zero value concentrator assigned by the dynamic ID, and the first time is specified by the concentrator; the meter receives return information of the concentrator, with the return information including the assigned dynamic ID assignment and clock information of the system; the meter calibrates its clock according to the clock information, and employs the dynamic ID as a serial number to determine the time slice of the meter in a communication channel, so that multiple meters can undergo time division multiplexing communication in the communication channel. By applying the technical scheme involved in the invention, collision can be avoided when various meters send data to the concentrator, and power consumption is also saved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to communication technical field, relate in particular to a kind of wireless meter reading method and system.
Background technology
Along with the development of Internet of Things, sensing net, water meter, gas meter, calorimeter etc. do not have the checking meter of instrument of externally fed more and more to come into one's own.Micropower (short distance) wireless communication technology will play important effect in checking meter of these instrument used.Wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system is made up of host computer (server), concentrator and a plurality of instrument, instrument is not owing to there is lasting external electric energy supply, checking meter of these instrument can only rely on battery or other means (sun power, water/airflow power generation etc.) obtain electric energy, so, its communication itself must consume extremely low power consumption, just can make power supply component long-term works such as battery.Concentrator is the Centroid of network, and the data of its collection and temporary all instrument forward the data to server by telecommunication (as GPRS, CDMA, LTE etc.) then.Concentrator also receives the descending control command from server, and certain instrument is controlled, and for example controls the open and close valve, pre-payment arranges etc.
In existing wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system, all instrument mosts of the time are in dormant state, and power consumption is low-down, and still, when concentrator need communicate with certain or certain group instrument, communication was that success will follow.Like this, just need cover flow process or a method, make the instrument that is in dormant state, when concentrator need communicate with it, can perception also finish communication, the instrument that is about to be in dormant state is waken up, and is current, the method that instrument is waken up under the dormant state has multiple, for example, signal intensity arousal method, short packages arousal method, but these awakening methods or poor anti jamming capability, the receive window time is long, thereby causes power consumption big.In addition, also have a kind of mechanism to be: communicate by letter and do not initiated earlier by concentrator, but instrument timing active initiation, fixed time interval is T, as shown in Figure 1, so just need not to adopt arouse machine processed, thereby has saved power consumption.But such wireless meter reading method also has drawback, collision appears in two or more instrument easily when emission state, as instrument 3 and instrument 4, to cause concentrator can not receive the data of these two instrument in good condition like this, and because each instrument all is timed sending, the instrument 3 that then bumps and instrument 4 also can take place repeatedly to collide launch time afterwards, thereby make and can't realize accurately checking meter to instrument 3 and instrument 4.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, at the defective big or that can not realize efficiently checking meter because a plurality of instrument easily bump of power consumption when carrying out radio meter register of prior art, provides a kind of low in energy consumption and wireless meter reading method efficiently.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: construct a kind of wireless meter reading method, be used for a plurality of instrument continuous data is sent to concentrator, described wireless meter reading method comprises:
S1. instrument sends information to concentrator in each very first time at interval, the information that sends comprises the corresponding static ID of this instrument, continuous data and dynamic I D, wherein, and under original state, described dynamic I D is zero, and the described very first time is the random value in the preset range; Under non-original state, described dynamic I D is the nonzero value that concentrator distributes, and the described very first time is the specified time of concentrator;
S2. instrument receives the return message of concentrator, and described return message comprises the dynamic I D that distributes, the clock information of system;
S3. instrument is calibrated the clock of oneself according to described clock information, and by using described dynamic I D to determine the timeslice of this instrument on communication port as sequence number, so that a plurality of instrument is carried out time-multiplexed communication at this communication port.
In wireless meter reading method of the present invention, in described step S1, the information that sends also comprises status data.
In wireless meter reading method of the present invention, in described step S2, described return message also comprises out valve or closes the valve order;
Behind described step S2, also comprise:
S4. instrument is driven valve accordingly or is closed the valve operation according to described order.
In wireless meter reading method of the present invention, when the valve of instrument was in closed condition, then this instrument equally spaced took the step that a plurality of timeslices are implemented S1-S2-S3 in the very first time, and service time sheet the vacant time communicate.
In wireless meter reading method of the present invention, in described step S2, described return message also comprises prepayment information.
In wireless meter reading method of the present invention, in described step S1, instrument sends information by repeater to concentrator;
In described step S2, instrument receives the return message of concentrator by repeater.
In wireless meter reading method of the present invention, also comprise between step S1 and step S2: instrument enters dormant state, stays the second default time for the repeater interim data.
The present invention also constructs a kind of wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system, comprises concentrator and a plurality of instrument, and described instrument comprises:
Sensor assembly is used for the reading of instrument is measured, and generates continuous data;
Sending module, be used for instrument and send information in each very first time at interval to concentrator, the information that sends comprises the corresponding static ID of this instrument, continuous data and dynamic I D, wherein, under original state, described dynamic I D is zero, and the described very first time is the random value in the preset range; Under non-original state, described dynamic I D is the nonzero value that concentrator distributes, and the described very first time is the specified time of concentrator;
Receiver module, for the return message that receives concentrator, described return message comprises the dynamic I D that distributes, the clock information of system;
Control module, be used for the clock according to described clock information calibration oneself, and by using described dynamic I D to determine the timeslice of this instrument on communication port as sequence number, so that a plurality of instrument in the wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system are carried out time-multiplexed communication at this communication port.
In wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system of the present invention, described return message also comprises out valve or closes the order of valve, and described instrument comprises:
The switch valve operational module is used for driving valve accordingly or closing the valve operation according to described order.
In wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system of the present invention, described wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system also is included as to be expanded communication distance and is connected repeater between at least one instrument and the described concentrator.
In wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system of the present invention, described return message also comprises prepayment information.
Implement technical scheme of the present invention, each instrument is determined timeslice on each comfortable communication port according to the dynamic I D that distributes, to carry out time-division multiplex communication, can avoid each instrument when concentrator sends data, producing collision like this, realized efficiently checking meter, and owing to need not arouse machine processed, therefore saved power consumption.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, in the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the sequential chart of a kind of wireless meter reading method of prior art;
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of wireless meter reading method embodiment one of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is that wireless meter reading method of the present invention is at the sequential chart of bubbling stage of communication;
Fig. 4 is the sequential chart of wireless meter reading method of the present invention in the time-division multiplex communication stage;
Fig. 5 is the sequential chart that a plurality of instrument share a timeslice in the wireless meter reading method of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the logical diagram of instrument embodiment one in the wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the logical diagram of wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system embodiment one of the present invention.
Embodiment
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of wireless meter reading method embodiment one of the present invention, and this wireless meter reading method comprises:
S1. instrument sends information to concentrator in each very first time at interval, the information that sends comprises the corresponding static ID of this instrument, continuous data and dynamic I D, wherein, and under original state, described dynamic I D is zero, and the described very first time is the random value in the preset range; Under non-original state, described dynamic I D is the nonzero value that concentrator distributes, and the described very first time is the specified time of concentrator.Should be noted that each equipment all has unique ID number, the unique identification of instrument is static ID, is abbreviated as SID, and SID represents the identity of instrument, under the normal condition, can not change.Concentrator also has ID, is abbreviated as CID.The ID of repeater is abbreviated as RID.In conjunction with wireless meter reading method of the present invention shown in Figure 3 sequential chart in the bubbling stage of communication, under original state, the dynamic I D of each instrument is 0, and the very first time is at the random value of T-Δ T in the T+ Δ T scope, each instrument at T-Δ T to getting a timing at random between the T+ Δ T as the time interval of twice emitting, send information to concentrator, this stage belongs to bubbling phase, can significantly reduce collision probability, especially the continuous collision probability between certain two or more instrument.In addition, sending the information busy channel time in launch window is t
t, under the requirement of satisfying the information transmission, t
tMore short more good.After system is stable, namely entered non-original state, concentrator or host computer (server) can give instrument the interim dynamic I D of distribution by concentrator, are abbreviated as DID, and this DID is unique in the coverage of some concentrators.If there are a plurality of concentrators in the system, then the DID of the different instrument of different concentrators coverings is repetitions.For being in the instrument that two or more concentrators repeat the overlay area, its DID can be distributed by host computer, also can after the host computer judgement, distribute DID for this instrument by receiving the strongest concentrator of signal by the reception signal intensity judgement of concentrator.The effect of this DID is at phase sorting, is timeslice (time slot) the ordering sequence number of TDMA with the DID value, finishes time-multiplexed communication.
S2. instrument receives the return message of concentrator, and described return message comprises the dynamic I D that distributes, the clock information of system.Should be noted that after battery has fired that in this step if there is not repeater in the system, then this instrument transfers accepting state, i.e. t immediately to
s=0.If there is repeater in the system, then according to the time of up-downgoing transmission data and the progression of repeater, set a regular time t
sAt t
sDuring this time, instrument is in dormant state, enters accepting state then, duration t
rIn addition, concentrator or repeater must carry out calculating and the control of launch time when descending photos and sending messages, to guarantee to issue the complete and t of time energy of data
rOverlap.
S3. instrument is calibrated the clock of oneself according to described clock information, and by using described dynamic I D to determine the timeslice of this instrument on communication port as sequence number, so that a plurality of instrument is carried out time-multiplexed communication at this communication port.In this step, should be noted that the time t that this instrument is receiving
rIn, if do not receive return message, then do not do any operation, keep present state, calculate next time bubbling or time-multiplexed timing at random, enter dormancy then.If receive return message, then according to the clock of described clock information calibration oneself, if the DID non-zero that receives is sequence number with this DID then, determine the timeslice of this instrument on communication port, to carry out time-multiplexed communication.When launching, then enter the time-division multiplex communication stage, no longer at random timed sending next time. but according to fixing clock period T
1Carry out the TDMA time division multiplex and send, as shown in Figure 4, should be noted that the timeslice t of a TDMA
cShould be more than or equal to t
t(launch window), t
s(sleep window), t
r(receive window) sum.In the practical application, t
cShould be designed to much larger than t
t, t
s, t
rSum, for other instrument (DID=0) that does not enter phase sorting stays at random the space of emission, the probability that interferes with each other with minimizing.Simultaneously, also be in the instrument of closed condition for valve, may take at the same time sheet and repeater or concentrator and communicate, reserve the time that avoids conflict.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 this wireless meter reading method is described, it is two stages that this wireless meter reading method is divided into: bubbling stage of communication and TDMA time division multiplex stage.Wherein, the bubbling stage of communication is generally used for system when initially setting up, have new instrument to add when networking again after fashionable, the instrument maintenance or when surfing the Net again behind the instrument off-grid, be in the instrument in this stage, DID one is decided to be 0, and is in the instrument in this stage, and the communication sequential as shown in Figure 3, each instrument is every a random time, for example, a random value in T ± Δ T scope is at its launch window (t
t) sending information to concentrator or repeater, the information that sends comprises the corresponding static ID of this instrument, status data, continuous data and dynamic I D, and dynamic I D is zero under original state.Then, of short durationly enter dormancy, the duration is t
sChange accepting state then over to, certainly in another embodiment, also can transfer accepting state (t immediately to
sBe 0).Under accepting state, at its receive window (t
r) receive the return message of concentrator, the perhaps information of returning by repeater.Described return message comprises the dynamic I D that distributes, system clock information etc.For example, the DID that distributes for instrument 1 is 1, and the DID that distributes for instrument n is 2, and the DID that distributes for instrument 2 is 3, and the DID that distributes for instrument 4 is n.Then, instrument is according to the clock of clock information calibration oneself, and determine the timeslice of this instrument on communication port according to sequence number, as shown in Figure 4, on communication port, instrument 1 determined timeslice is timeslice 1, the determined timeslice of instrument n is timeslice 2, instrument 2 determined timeslices are timeslice 3, and instrument 3 determined timeslices are timeslice 4, etc.In later time, these a plurality of instrument are carried out time-multiplexed communication mode according to timeslice separately and are sent information to concentrator.Can avoid the collision of instrument cubicle like this, and owing to need not arouse machine processed, therefore save power consumption.
In a preferred embodiment, instrument also can comprise status data to the information that concentrator sends, and this status data for example can be: whether whether the mode bit of the battery alarm voltage value of close/open valve state value, battery voltage value or setting, MCU operation, Monitoring Data (whether read-write makes mistakes as EEPROM), current (when instrument is water meter) reverse, have artificial magnetic to attack, whether have artificial malice dismounting action, whether vibrations etc. are arranged.
In a further advantageous embodiment, the return message among the step S2 also comprises out valve or closes the valve order, correspondingly, after step S2, also comprises: instrument is driven valve accordingly or is closed the valve operation according to described order.In addition, the return message among the step S2 also comprises prepayment information, and correspondingly, instrument is carried out pre-payment initialization and setting according to described prepayment information.Certainly, if also have out of Memory, then do corresponding explanation and execution.
Suppose at very first time T
1In, total m (for example, 600) timeslice.When the valve of certain instrument was in closed condition, the real-time requirement of splitting valve owing to the user may be than higher, the longest close/open valve time T
1May not satisfy the time requirement of user when driving valve, for addressing this problem, can take following measure: this instrument equally spaced takies the step that a plurality of timeslices are implemented S1-S2-S3 in the very first time, and service time sheet the vacant time communicate.Be specially: concentrator assigns when closing the valve order for certain instrument, the dynamic I D that distributes a smaller value for this instrument, the span of this dynamic I D can require to determine a N value more than or equal to 1 and smaller or equal to N according to user's real-time, wherein, N(for example is 60) be the integer less than m.When in above-mentioned steps S3, determining the timeslice of this instrument, with the corresponding sequence number of all timeslices in the very first time respectively divided by N and get remainder, remainder be 0 or the timeslice that equates with the DID of distribution of remainder be defined as this instrument and be in call duration time sheet under the closed condition at valve, this instrument just can transmit and receive in determined timeslice then.Like this, valve is in the instrument of closed condition, at T1 in the time, can transmit and receive m/N time (600/60=10 for example is if having remainder then only round), and the maximum duration that then will drive valve needs has shortened m/N (rounding) doubly.In addition, in order to prevent that instrument repeatedly emission in the T1 under closing the valve situation from conflicting with the instrument that other valve is in open mode, certain special time that is selected in determined timeslice launch time of this instrument, this special time is different from the launch time of using the instrument of identical timeslice with this instrument, as shown in Figure 5, if timeslice t shown in Figure 5
cDistribute to a valve simultaneously and be in the instrument of closed condition and the instrument that other certain valve is in open mode, then the first half of this timeslice is the communication window that valve is in the instrument of open mode, the latter half of this timeslice is in the communication window of the instrument of closed condition, perhaps reversed in order for this valve.
In a further advantageous embodiment, for the probability of the communication phase mutual interference that reduces both direction, must adopt the method for uplink and downlink communication alien frequencies.
In addition, when between instrument and the concentrator because distance or the reason of barrier can not communicate by letter the time, also can be inserted repeater, like this between concentrator and instrument, instrument can send information to concentrator by repeater, and receives the return message of concentrator by repeater.Repeater and concentrator all need outside continued power, can select multiple power supply modes such as civil power or sun power for use.Preferably, also comprise between step S1 and step S2: instrument enters dormant state, stays the second default time for the repeater interim data.
The present invention also constructs a kind of wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system, this wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system comprises concentrator and a plurality of instrument, Fig. 6 is the logical diagram of instrument embodiment one in the wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system of the present invention, and this instrument comprises sending module 10, receiver module 20, control module 30 and sensor assembly 40.Wherein, sensor assembly 10 is used for the reading of measuring instrument and converts thereof into continuous data; Sending module 20 is used for instrument and sends information in each very first time at interval to concentrator, the information that sends comprises the corresponding static ID of this instrument, continuous data and dynamic I D, wherein, under original state, described dynamic I D is zero, and the described very first time is the random value in the preset range; Under non-original state, described dynamic I D is the nonzero value that concentrator distributes, and the described very first time is the specified time of concentrator; Receiver module 30 is used for receiving the return message of concentrator, and described return message comprises the dynamic I D that distributes, the clock information of system; Control module 40 is used for the clock according to described clock information calibration oneself, and by using described dynamic I D to determine the timeslice of this instrument on communication port as sequence number, so that a plurality of instrument in the wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system are carried out time-multiplexed communication at this communication port.
Preferably, return message also comprises out valve or closes the order of valve, and instrument also can comprise the switch valve operational module, and this switch valve operational module is used for driving valve accordingly or closing the valve operation according to described order.Return message also comprises prepayment information, and correspondingly instrument is carried out pre-payment initialization and setting according to described information.
In addition, the logical diagram of wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system embodiment one of the present invention as shown in Figure 7, this wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system comprise concentrator 200, instrument 101,102,103 ... 107 and repeater 300.Wherein, instrument 101,102,103 ... 107 logical organization can be with reference to above-mentioned embodiment shown in Figure 6, do not do at this and to give unnecessary details, repeater 300 only is described below, this repeater 300 be connected instrument 103,104,105 and concentrator 200 between, be used for instrument 103,104,105 from concentrator 200 far away or expansion communication distance when having barrier.
The above is the preferred embodiments of the present invention only, is not limited to the present invention, and for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and variation.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. a wireless meter reading method is used for a plurality of instrument continuous data is sent to concentrator, it is characterized in that described wireless meter reading method comprises:
S1. instrument sends information to concentrator in each very first time at interval, the information that sends comprises the corresponding static ID of this instrument, continuous data and dynamic I D, wherein, and under original state, described dynamic I D is zero, and the described very first time is the random value in the preset range; Under non-original state, described dynamic I D is the nonzero value that concentrator distributes, and the described very first time is the specified time of concentrator;
S2. instrument receives the return message of concentrator, and described return message comprises the dynamic I D that distributes, the clock information of system;
S3. instrument is calibrated the clock of oneself according to described clock information, and by using described dynamic I D to determine the timeslice of this instrument on communication port as sequence number, so that a plurality of instrument is carried out time-multiplexed communication at this communication port.
2. wireless meter reading method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in described step S1, the information that sends also comprises status data.
3. wireless meter reading method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in described step S2, described return message also comprises out valve or closes the valve order;
Behind described step S2, also comprise:
S4. instrument is driven valve accordingly or is closed the valve operation according to described order.
4. wireless meter reading method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that when the valve of instrument was in closed condition, then this instrument was in the very first time, equally spaced take a plurality of timeslices and implement the step of S1-S2-S3, and service time sheet the vacant time communicate.
5. wireless meter reading method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in described step S2, described return message also comprises prepayment information.
6. wireless meter reading method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in described step S1, instrument sends information by repeater to concentrator;
In described step S2, instrument receives the return message of concentrator by repeater.
7. wireless meter reading method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, also comprise between step S1 and step S2: instrument enters dormant state, stays the second default time for the repeater interim data.
8. a wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system comprises concentrator and a plurality of instrument, it is characterized in that described instrument comprises:
Sensor assembly is used for the reading of instrument is measured, and generates continuous data;
Sending module, be used for instrument and send information in each very first time at interval to concentrator, the information that sends comprises the corresponding static ID of this instrument, continuous data and dynamic I D, wherein, under original state, described dynamic I D is zero, and the described very first time is the random value in the preset range; Under non-original state, described dynamic I D is the nonzero value that concentrator distributes, and the described very first time is the specified time of concentrator;
Receiver module, for the return message that receives concentrator, described return message comprises the dynamic I D that distributes, the clock information of system;
Control module, be used for the clock according to described clock information calibration oneself, and by using described dynamic I D to determine the timeslice of this instrument on communication port as sequence number, so that a plurality of instrument in the wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system are carried out time-multiplexed communication at this communication port.
9. wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system according to claim 8 is characterized in that, described return message also comprises out valve or closes the order of valve, and described instrument comprises:
The switch valve operational module is used for driving valve accordingly or closing the valve operation according to described order.
10. wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system according to claim 8 is characterized in that, described wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system also is included as to be expanded communication distance and be connected repeater between at least one instrument and the described concentrator.
11. wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system according to claim 8 is characterized in that, described return message also comprises prepayment information.
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| CN104009829A (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2014-08-27 | 沈阳中科博微自动化技术有限公司 | Wireless network retransmission algorithm of intelligent meter reading system |
| CN104540214A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-04-22 | 武汉拓宝电子系统有限公司 | Time-sharing system time slot setting method for determining time slot numbers based on time marks and time slot positions |
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| CN104916104A (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2015-09-16 | 成都秦川科技发展有限公司 | Intelligent water meter wireless communication and control method |
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| CN106169234A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2016-11-30 | 常州维格电子有限公司 | A kind of intelligent gas meter monitoring system and the means of communication thereof |
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