CN103186434A - Method and system for recovering basic input/output system - Google Patents
Method and system for recovering basic input/output system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103186434A CN103186434A CN2011104584003A CN201110458400A CN103186434A CN 103186434 A CN103186434 A CN 103186434A CN 2011104584003 A CN2011104584003 A CN 2011104584003A CN 201110458400 A CN201110458400 A CN 201110458400A CN 103186434 A CN103186434 A CN 103186434A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a system for recovering a basic input/output system (BIOS), and solves the safety problem caused by damage of the BIOS due to viruses or misoperation of a user or the like. The method comprises the following steps: backing up an original BIOS; before executing the original BIOS, verifying the availability of the original BIOS; and if the verification fails, recovering the original BIOS according to the backup BIOS, then continuing to guide the system to prevent the system functions and safety from being influenced by damage of the BIOS. Compared with the manner that two BIOSs require an address translation switch to determine the BIOS mapping, the structure is simpler, the consistency between the BIOS and the backup BIOS is ensured, the BIOS can be recovered at the first moment during electrified start once damaged, a guarantee is provided for follow-up measurement creditability, and accordingly, the system creditability and safety are ensured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to information security field, relate in particular to a kind of method and system of recovering Basic Input or Output System (BIOS).
Background technology
TCM (Trusted Cryptography Module; credible and secure chip) module is to be placed on hardware module on the computer motherboard by the lpc bus interface; the TCM chip provides platform integrity metric, the unique identify label of platform is provided, the basic security functions such as cryptographic key protection of hardware level are provided; chip and firmware thereof constitute a complete safe computing environment, for credible calculating provides shoring of foundation.The TCM module ensures completeness of platform by the chain that breaks the wall of mistrust.
The foundation of platform trust chain is on computers behind the electricity, the TCM module is at first taken over right of execution, credible tolerance root with self is starting point, successively to Basic Input or Output System (BIOS) (Basic Input Output System, hereinafter referred BIOS), hard disk (Master Boot Record, hereinafter referred MBR), initialize routine loader and operating system are measured, and ensure completeness of platform by the trusting relationship transmission.BIOS is measured assembly as first, and its correctness is significant.
BIOS is stored in the FLASH flash memory or EEPROM on the computer motherboard, because it can be rewritten, has the problem of reliability and security aspect.In the BIOS escalation process, because power interruption, factors such as operator's error or software error may cause FLASH programming mistake, thereby can't booting computer system.Since after computing machine powers at first operation be exactly BIOS, by distorting BIOS, thereby rogue program can misfortune the earliest be got right of execution control computing machine, so BIOS also is the target of attack of rogue program, as early stage virus CIH, the BMW wooden horse that occurs recently.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the safety problem of the BIOS computer system that infringement causes that causes because of user's misoperation or virus etc., use back-up BIOS to recover the system and method for BIOS when the invention provides a kind of TCM of use module back-up BIOS and electricity startup on computers.
The present invention uses the TCM chip that backed up in synchronization is done in each renewal of BIOS, utilizes the data encrypting and deciphering function of TCM to guarantee the integrality of BIOS backup, backup is saved in shielding system visit on the memory device of TCM expansion; When computing machine powered on, the integrality to BIOS of TCM chip was verified.If the verification passes, use this BIOS guidance system; If can not be by checking, then the TCM chip uses the BIOS backup to recover BIOS automatically, and guidance system prevents from because BIOS is destroyed systemic-function and safety being exerted an influence then.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the present invention recovers the system of BIOS, comprises start-up code ROM (read-only memory) (hereinafter referred BOOT ROM) and safety chip, and wherein, BOOT ROM is used for the former BIOS of storage; Safety chip is used for former BIOS is backed up, and back-up BIOS is saved to the extension storage unit of safety chip; Carry out before the former BIOS, the validity of former BIOS is verified; If checking is not passed through, then recover former BIOS according to back-up BIOS.
In a specific embodiment, in the system of above-mentioned recovery BIOS, safety chip is used for reading former BIOS data, calculate the eap-message digest of former BIOS data according to hash algorithm, according to identifying algorithm eap-message digest is encrypted, obtain the first Hash operation message authentication code numerical value (hereinafter referred the one HMAC value), former BIOS data and a HMAC value are saved to the extension storage space of safety chip.
In a specific embodiment, in the system of above-mentioned recovery BIOS, safety chip is used for computing machine to be carried out before the former BIOS, read former BIOS data, identical hash algorithm obtains the second Hash operation message authentication code numerical value (hereinafter referred the 2nd HMAC value) with identical identifying algorithm when using the former BIOS data of backup; Relatively whether a HMAC value is identical with the 2nd HMAC value; If identical, then the validation verification to former BIOS passes through; If different, then the validation verification to former BIOS does not pass through.
In a specific embodiment, in the system of above-mentioned recovery BIOS, safety chip be used for if checking by the time, with the back-up BIOS programming to BOOT ROM.
In a specific embodiment, in the system of above-mentioned recovery BIOS, the extension storage unit of safety chip is a kind of in Electrically Erasable Read Only Memory (hereinafter referred EEPROM), code-shaped flash memory (hereinafter referred NOR FLASH), the storage type flash memory (hereinafter referred NARD FALSH).
In a specific embodiment, in the system of above-mentioned recovery BIOS, the extension storage unit links to each other by serial peripheral interface (hereinafter referred SPI), line formula universal serial bus (hereinafter referred IIC), secure data IO interface (hereinafter referred SDIO) or parallel interface with safety chip.
The present invention simultaneously also provides the method for a kind of BIOS of recovery, and step is as follows:
Former BIOS is backed up;
Carry out before the former BIOS, the validity of former BIOS is verified;
If checking is not passed through, then recover former BIOS according to back-up BIOS.
In a specific embodiment, in the method for above-mentioned recovery BIOS, the method that former BIOS is backed up comprises: use safety chip that each renewal of former BIOS is backed up, and back-up BIOS is saved to the extension storage unit of safety chip.
In a specific embodiment, in the method for above-mentioned recovery BIOS, use safety chip that each renewal of former BIOS is backed up, and the method that back-up BIOS is saved to the extension storage unit of safety chip comprised:
Use safety chip to read former BIOS data;
Calculate the eap-message digest of former BIOS data according to the HASH algorithm;
According to identifying algorithm eap-message digest is encrypted, obtains a HMAC value;
Former BIOS data and a HMAC value are saved to the extension storage unit of safety chip.
In a specific embodiment, in the method for above-mentioned recovery BIOS, the method that the validity of former BIOS is verified comprises:
Carry out before the former BIOS, safety chip reads former BIOS data, and identical hash algorithm obtains the 2nd HMAC value with identical identifying algorithm when using the former BIOS data of backup;
Relatively whether a HMAC value is identical with the 2nd HMAC value;
If identical, then the validation verification to former BIOS passes through;
If different, then the validation verification to former BIOS does not pass through.
In a specific embodiment, in the method for above-mentioned recovery BIOS, if checking is not passed through, then the method for recovering former BIOS according to back-up BIOS comprises: with the back-up BIOS programming to BOOT ROM.
By enforcement of the present invention, when utilizing computing machine to power on, the TCM chip is prior to BIOS operation and the characteristics that can conduct interviews to BIOS, and BIOS is verified and recovers automatically, needs the address translation switch to determine the mode of BIOS mapping than two BIOS, structure is simpler, can guarantee the unanimity of BIOS and backup thereof, when BIOS is destroyed, can be when electrifying startup the very first time recover BIOS, give security for the credibility of follow-up tolerance, safeguards system is credible and safety.
Description of drawings
The structural representation of the recovery BIOS system that Fig. 1 provides for one embodiment of the invention;
The process flow diagram of the recovery BIOS that Fig. 2 provides for one embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment mode by reference to the accompanying drawings the present invention is made further detailed description.
Fig. 1 recovers the structural representation of the system board of BIOS for the present invention, and safety chip is used for former basic input-output system is backed up among the present invention, BIOS backuping is saved to the extension storage unit of safety chip; Carry out before the former basic input-output system, the validity of former basic input-output system is verified; If checking is not passed through, then recover former basic input-output system according to BIOS backuping.BOOT ROM is used for the former basic input-output system of storage.
In instantiation, safety chip of the present invention is connected to by the LPC interface on the South Bridge chip of computer motherboard, and behind the electricity, the safety chip spatial mappings is to the address space of lpc bus on computers, and program is directly by memory-mapped visit TCM module.The LPD# signal is the power down indicator signal, and LRESET# is the LPC reset signal, and LCLK# is LPC interface clock signal, and LFRAME# is LPC interface frame synchronizing signal, LAD[0:3] be the address/data multiplex bus.This moment, eeprom memory was selected in the extension storage unit of safety chip, used known standard SPI serial line interface to connect between the big capacity storage of safety chip and EEPROM, and this memory span can reach the 2M byte.EEPROM is used for storage BIOS verification msg and BIOS backup.
The TCM chip is the master controller of TCM module, and basic functions such as key management, data encrypting and deciphering, Data Audit and critical data storage are provided, and accepts the user to indicate back-up BIOS and be saved in extended memory; Powering on beginning, finish the BIOS validation verification, functions such as BIOS recovery and credible tolerance, resetting system is done further tolerance by BIOS and is finished system's startup then.
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of safety chip recovery BIOS among the present invention, as can see from Figure 2:
Computing machine after powering on, the safety chip prerequisite activity;
Safety chip carries out the checking of validity to the former BIOS that stores among the BOOT ROM;
If checking is passed through, then computer system continues to start from former BIOS;
If this checking is not passed through, safety chip is just according to the former BIOS that stores among the BIOS stored backup recovery BOOT ROM in its extension storage unit;
After the recovery, the BIOS of computer system after recovering starts;
Computer system successfully starts.
How the process that BIOS backs up, verifies, recovers is carried out specific description at safety chip below, further the present invention is made annotation.
The method that safety chip backs up former BIOS in the computer system:
Use safety chip that each renewal of former BIOS is backed up, and back-up BIOS is saved to the extension storage unit of safety chip.
Use safety chip that each renewal of former BIOS is backed up, and it is as follows back-up BIOS to be saved to the method step of extension storage unit of safety chip:
Use safety chip to read former BIOS data;
Calculate the eap-message digest of former BIOS data according to the HASH algorithm;
According to identifying algorithm eap-message digest is encrypted, obtains a HMAC value;
Former BIOS data and a HMAC value are saved to the extension storage unit of safety chip.
The method that safety chip is verified the validity of former BIOS comprises:
Carry out before the former BIOS, safety chip reads former BIOS data, and identical hash algorithm obtains the 2nd HMAC value with identical identifying algorithm when using the former BIOS data of backup;
Relatively whether a HMAC value is identical with the 2nd HMAC value;
If identical, then the validation verification to former BIOS passes through;
If different, then the validation verification to former BIOS does not pass through;
If the checking do not pass through, then safety chip according to the method that back-up BIOS recovers former BIOS is: with the back-up BIOS programming to BOOT ROM.
When the present invention utilizes computing machine to power on, the TCM chip is prior to BIOS operation and the characteristics that can conduct interviews to BIOS, BIOS is verified and recovery automatically, need the address translation switch to determine the mode of BIOS mapping than two BIOS, structure is simpler, can guarantee the unanimity of BIOS and backup thereof, when BIOS is destroyed, can be when electrifying startup the very first time recover BIOS, give security for the credibility of follow-up tolerance, safeguards system is credible and safety.
It below only is the specific embodiment of the present invention; be not that the present invention is done any pro forma restriction; any simple modification, equivalent variations or modification that every foundation technical spirit of the present invention is done above embodiment all still belong to the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. method of recovering Basic Input or Output System (BIOS) comprises:
Former basic input-output system is backed up;
Carry out before the former basic input-output system, the validity of former basic input-output system is verified;
If checking is not passed through, then recover former basic input-output system according to BIOS backuping.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, the method that former basic input-output system is backed up comprises: use safety chip that each renewal of former basic input-output system is backed up, and BIOS backuping is saved to the extension storage unit of described safety chip.
3. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, uses safety chip that each renewal of former basic input-output system is backed up, and the method that BIOS backuping is saved to the extension storage unit of described safety chip is comprised:
Use safety chip to read former data of input/output system;
Calculate the eap-message digest of described former data of input/output system according to hash algorithm;
According to identifying algorithm described eap-message digest is encrypted, obtains the first Hash operation message authentication code numerical value;
Described former data of input/output system and the first Hash operation message authentication code numerical value are saved to the extension storage unit of described safety chip.
4. method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, the method that the validity of former basic input-output system is verified comprises:
Carry out before the former basic input-output system, safety chip reads former data of input/output system, and identical hash algorithm obtains the second Hash operation message authentication code numerical value with identical identifying algorithm when using the former data of input/output system of backup;
Whether the more described first Hash operation message authentication code numerical value is identical with the described second Hash operation message authentication code numerical value;
If identical, then the validation verification to former basic input-output system passes through;
If different, then the validation verification to former basic input-output system does not pass through.
5. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, if checking is not passed through, then the method for recovering former basic input-output system according to BIOS backuping comprises: with the BIOS backuping programming to the start-up code ROM (read-only memory).
6. a system of recovering Basic Input or Output System (BIOS) comprises start-up code ROM (read-only memory) and safety chip, wherein,
Described start-up code ROM (read-only memory) is used for the former basic input-output system of storage;
Described safety chip is used for former basic input-output system is backed up, and BIOS backuping is saved to the extension storage unit of described safety chip; Carry out before the former basic input-output system, the validity of former basic input-output system is verified; If checking is not passed through, then recover former basic input-output system according to BIOS backuping.
7. system as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described safety chip is used for reading former data of input/output system, calculate the eap-message digest of described former data of input/output system according to hash algorithm, according to identifying algorithm described eap-message digest is encrypted, obtain the first Hash operation message authentication code numerical value, described former data of input/output system and the first Hash operation message authentication code numerical value are saved to the extension storage space of described safety chip.
8. system as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, described safety chip is used for computing machine to be carried out before the former basic input-output system, read former data of input/output system, identical hash algorithm obtains the second Hash operation message authentication code numerical value with identical identifying algorithm when using the former data of input/output system of backup; Whether the more described first Hash operation message authentication code numerical value is identical with the described second Hash operation message authentication code numerical value; If identical, then the validation verification to former basic input-output system passes through; If different, then the validation verification to former basic input-output system does not pass through.
9. system as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, described safety chip be used for if checking by the time, with the BIOS backuping programming to described start-up code ROM (read-only memory).
10. as each described system of claim 6 to 9, it is characterized in that the extension storage unit of described safety chip is a kind of in Electrically Erasable Read Only Memory, code-shaped flash memory, the storage type flash memory; Described extension storage unit links to each other by serial peripheral interface, line formula universal serial bus, secure data IO interface or parallel interface with described safety chip.
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| CN2011104584003A CN103186434A (en) | 2011-12-31 | 2011-12-31 | Method and system for recovering basic input/output system |
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| CN2011104584003A CN103186434A (en) | 2011-12-31 | 2011-12-31 | Method and system for recovering basic input/output system |
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| CN103778385A (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2014-05-07 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | Data protection method and device as well as electronic device |
| CN104572168A (en) * | 2014-09-10 | 2015-04-29 | 中电科技（北京）有限公司 | BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) self-updating protection system and BIOS self-updating protection method |
| CN104899107A (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2015-09-09 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | Information processing method and electronic equipment |
| CN107168829A (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2017-09-15 | 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 | It is a kind of to ensure the method and system of the double BIOS secure and trusteds operations of server system |
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| CN103778385A (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2014-05-07 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | Data protection method and device as well as electronic device |
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| CN107168829A (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2017-09-15 | 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 | It is a kind of to ensure the method and system of the double BIOS secure and trusteds operations of server system |
| CN107330334A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-11-07 | 苏州市东皓计算机系统工程有限公司 | A kind of computer security starting-up method |
| CN107329855A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-11-07 | 合肥联宝信息技术有限公司 | Reduce the method and device of firmware information |
| CN109710315A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2019-05-03 | 阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司 | BIOS writes with a brush dipped in Chinese ink the processing method of method and BIOS image file |
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| CN109446813A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2019-03-08 | 天津七所精密机电技术有限公司 | A kind of mainboard BIOS is anti-tamper and automatic recovery method |
| CN109582375A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2019-04-05 | 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 | A kind of storage system BIOS restoration methods and storage system |
| CN111382009B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2024-01-09 | 精英电脑股份有限公司 | Automatic system maintenance method and computer equipment with automatic maintenance function |
| CN111382009A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2020-07-07 | 精英电脑股份有限公司 | System automatic maintenance method and computer equipment with automatic maintenance function |
| WO2020259285A1 (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2020-12-30 | 珠海奔图电子有限公司 | Image forming apparatus and securty control system for image forming apparatus |
| CN110795738A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2020-02-14 | 华为技术有限公司 | Computer starting method, controller, storage medium and system |
| US11886595B2 (en) | 2019-09-19 | 2024-01-30 | Xfusion Digital Technologies Co., Ltd. | Computer boot method, controller, storage medium, and system |
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Application publication date: 20130703 |