CN103185770A - Device and method for simulating reaction of continuous casting protective slag and molten steel - Google Patents
Device and method for simulating reaction of continuous casting protective slag and molten steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN103185770A CN103185770A CN201110456880XA CN201110456880A CN103185770A CN 103185770 A CN103185770 A CN 103185770A CN 201110456880X A CN201110456880X A CN 201110456880XA CN 201110456880 A CN201110456880 A CN 201110456880A CN 103185770 A CN103185770 A CN 103185770A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device for simulating reaction of continuous casting protective slag and molten steel, which is characterized in that: the device is composed of a reaction device and a separating device, wherein the reaction device comprises a cover (1), the cover (1) is arranged on an opening of a container (2), and a first crucible (3) is arranged in the container (3); and the separating device comprises a second crucible (6), an opening (8) is arranged on the bottom of the second crucible (6), and a launder (7) is arranged on the lower of the second crucible (6). Simultaneously, the invention further provides a method for simulating reaction of continuous casting protective slag and molten steel. The device provided in the invention is a device capable of well simulating oxidation reduction reaction between the slag and strong reducing elements like aluminum in the molten steel, and the device and the method can reduce local trying times of the protective slag, and can reduce the test cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the continuous casting process field in the process for making flow process, particularly, relate to a kind of apparatus and method of simulating continuous casting covering slag and molten steel reaction, mainly be applicable to steel grades such as the high aluminum steel that contains strong reduction elements such as aluminium, titanium, high titanium steel.
Background technology
To be that a kind of steel-making that covers molten steel surface in the conticaster crystallizer is auxiliary use functional material to continuous casting covering slag, and it has following several function: 1, adiabatic heat-insulation; 2, prevent molten steel oxidation; 3, absorb being mingled with of floating in the molten steel; 4, relative motion between lubricated copper plate of crystallizer and strand, thus resistance of billet withdrawal reduced, and then prevent the bonding of base shell and copper coin; 5, conduct heat thereby improve crystallizer in the gap between filling base shell and the crystallizer.Continuous casting covering slag is last one technical factor of steelmaking process control cc billet surface quality.
Usually, described continuous casting covering slag is with CaO, SiO
2Binary is main, joins CaF outward
2, Na
2O, Li
2O, B
2O
3Deng flux, and a spot of Al
2O
3, constituent element such as MgO, MnO and some other unavoidable impurities be (as Fe
2O
3) form, thereby reach suitable physicochemical property, satisfy above-mentioned request for utilization.Because the fusing point of continuous casting covering slag hangs down 400～500 ℃ for liquid steel temperature, therefore, for the low-melting relatively continuous casting covering slag of control can slowly melt at molten steel surface, also must allocate a certain amount of carbonaceous material into, as carbon black and graphite.Carbonaceous material can effectively stop the gathering of covering slag drop owing to have very high fusing point, thus the burn-off rate of control continuous casting covering slag; And carbonaceous material can perfect combustion become gas again, and continuous casting covering slag is not polluted, and therefore is a kind of not only cheap but also practical framework material.Add the lip-deep low melting point continuous casting covering slag powder of high-temperature molten steel (more than 1500 ℃) (1000～1100 ℃) in the crystallizer to; the heat that relies on molten steel to provide; carbonaceous material constantly burns; the melt cinder of fusing drips continuous gathering; form certain thickness liquid slag layer at molten steel surface; the continuous casting covering slag powder on liquid slag layer top is subjected to the skeleton function of unburned carbonaceous material, still remains powdery, evenly covers on the molten steel face.Slag layer can play good adiabatic heat-insulation effect, liquid slag layer can effectively prevent entering of air and hold being mingled with of floating in the more molten steel, and for sufficient molten slag is provided between strand and the copper plate of crystallizer slit, thereby guarantee the good lubricated and control of conducting heat.The continuous casting covering slag performance is bad, just can not guarantee the adequate thickness of liquid slag layer and sufficient consumption, will cause that strand produces surface imperfection such as slag inclusion, crackle, and the serious resistance of billet withdrawal that makes is excessive and cause the bleed-out accident.Therefore, covering slag is the important means that guarantees continuous casting process direct motion and cc billet surface quality.
Along with the continuous expansion of metallurgy industry technology, the effect of aluminium in steel is also more and more, by initial deoxidation, crystal grain thinning corrosion stability, the resistivity and nonmagnetic to the raising steel.For high aluminum steel, the content of aluminium also brings up to 2～3% gradually by 0.02% in the steel, has increased by two orders of magnitude.Aluminium has effects such as deoxidation preferably, crystal grain thinning, corrosion stability; therefore be one of very common element in molten steel; aluminium also is the very strong element of a kind of reductibility simultaneously; in the pouring molten steel process; because molten steel in mold directly contacts with continuous casting covering slag; and continuous casting covering slag is the material that is mixed by numerous oxides; by the oxygen gesture figure of common oxide in Fig. 1 continuous casting covering slag as can be known, following redox reaction can take place with the higher oxide of oxygen gesture in the continuous casting covering slag in the aluminium in the molten steel:
4[Al]+3(SiO
2)＝3[Si]+2(Al
2O
3)
2[Al]+(B
2O
3)＝2[B]+(Al
2O
3)
2[Al]+3(MnO)＝3[Mn]+(Al
2O
3)
2[Al]+3(Na
2O)＝6[Na]+(Al
2O
3)
2[Al]+(Fe
2O
3)＝2[Fe]+(Al
2O
3)
These reactions cause in the covering slag with SiO
2For the representative the part component by the aluminium reducing in the molten steel, the Al of generation
2O
3Inclusion floating enters into continuous casting covering slag, at this moment, and the Al of come-up
2O
3Snotter needs to be absorbed dissolving by the liquid slag layer in the continuous casting covering slag layer as early as possible, and the major influence factors of this process has: the contact area of (1), molten steel and continuous casting covering slag layer; (2) viscosity of melt cinder; (3), the ability of continuous casting covering slag dissolving snotter.Yet snotter enters the dissolving power behind the liquid slag layer, depends primarily on the chemical constitution of continuous casting covering slag, i.e. CaO and SiO
2Content.Wherein, along with SiO
2By Al oxidation in the molten steel, its content reduces, and then causes basicity (CaO/SiO
2) increase, when basicity was excessive, the ability of then dissolving snotter descended, and worsens the vitrifacation effect of covering slag.B
2O
3, Na
2O is as flux, and the reduction of its content makes the fusing point of covering slag obviously rise Al
2O
3Increase impel viscosity sharply to raise.The variation of all these compositions finally causes the covering slag sex change, loses due defencive function then, is unfavorable for the direct motion of continuous casting process and the raising of cc billet surface quality.
For these oxides, B
2O
3, MnO, Fe
2O
3Can not consider Deng the constituent element that the oxygen gesture is higher, but Na
2O and SiO
2Be the most basic composition of covering slag, therefore be difficult to stop the generation of above-mentioned reaction.At these characteristics of high aluminum steel, in the development and Design process of covering slag, must grasp these reactions to covering slag composition and Effect on Performance degree, could take corresponding measure targetedly.At present laboratory analogy method commonly used is to put into same container and carry out pyroreaction containing the molten steel of aluminium and continuous casting covering slag, but this method has many weak points:
(1), temperature required height.The fusing point of molten steel is very high, and experimental temperature can not be lower than 1550 ℃ usually;
(2), required time is long.Molten steel thermal capacity is big, needs 2 hours time at least from being heated to cooling;
(3), the container material is undesirable.Laboratory container material commonly used has metal, graphite, oxide (as Al
2O
3, MgO) etc., metal, carbon are unsuitable for the splendid attire molten steel owing to can be dissolved in the molten steel, covering slag is the dissolved oxygen thing again, and is also improper, and there is pollution problem in reactant;
(4), reaction volume is big.In order to guarantee chemico-analytic demand and sampling loss, the addition of covering slag generally must not be less than 50g in the experiment, and more than 1000g, required container is big at least for the molten steel amount of supporting reaction with it, and inconvenient operation also has requirements at the higher level to furnace apparatus.
For solving the problem of above-mentioned existence, domesticly mainly there is a following document:
Application number: 201110244012.5, title: a kind of test continuous casting covering slag absorbs Al
2O
3The method that is mingled with, this patented claim provide a kind of relative speed that flows of simulating molten steel and slag in the crystallizer, and can reflect the ability of slag dissolving alundum (Al truly.Yet, this method step complexity, and use the corundum rod can not simulate the contact condition of molten steel and covering slag effectively.
Summary of the invention
For solving as above problem; the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of apparatus and method of simulating continuous casting covering slag and molten steel reaction; mainly be applicable to and contain aluminium; the high aluminum steel of strong reduction elements such as titanium; steel grades such as high titanium steel; grasp causes covering slag changes of properties situation because of the reaction of slag steel; the degree of slag steel reaction under the research different condition (continuous casting covering slag and molten steel reaction); design a kind of simple and practical; can simulate the device of redox reaction between strong reduction elements such as aluminium in slag and the molten steel well; utilize this means; the prior result of use of covering slag on high aluminum steel at the laboratory simulation different performance; the privacy protection slag suitable to development function has bigger help; can significantly reduce the scene number of times on probation of covering slag, reduce experimentation cost.
For achieving the above object, the present invention mainly adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of device of simulating continuous casting covering slag and molten steel reaction is characterized in that described device is made up of reaction unit and tripping device two parts, wherein,
Described reaction unit comprises lid, and described lid is arranged at vessel port place, and described internal tank is provided with first crucible;
Described tripping device comprises second crucible, and described second crucible bottom is provided with perforate, and described second crucible below is provided with chute.
According to a kind of device of simulating the reaction of continuous casting covering slag and molten steel provided by the present invention, employing be, described lid contacts with vessel port place, described contact is that fillet surface contacts, described chamfering is 45 °.
According to a kind of device of simulating the reaction of continuous casting covering slag and molten steel provided by the present invention, employing be, described chute xsect is V-type, material is stainless steel.
According to a kind of device of simulating continuous casting covering slag and molten steel reaction provided by the present invention; what adopt is; the material of described lid, container, first crucible and second crucible is high purity graphite, and described high purity graphite purity is greater than or equal to 99%, and described second crucible bottom is taper.
According to a kind of device of simulating the reaction of continuous casting covering slag and molten steel provided by the present invention, employing be that described lid thickness is 15～25mm; The described first crucible internal diameter, 35～45mm, external diameter 46～49mm, high 80～90mm; Described inside diameter of vessel 50～55mm, external diameter 55～60mm, high 105～115mm; The aperture of described perforate is 5～10mm.
Simultaneously, the present invention also provides a kind of method of utilizing described device simulation continuous casting covering slag and molten steel reaction, it is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(A), aluminium and continuous casting covering slag are put into first crucible successively in proper order;
(B), first crucible that aluminium and continuous casting covering slag will be housed puts into container, adds cap body, the container that will have lid is put into the high temperature furnace heating, and described aluminium and continuous casting covering slag are reacted;
(C), reach the reaction time after, take out the container have lid, be cooled to room temperature;
(D), to be cooled to room temperature, take out first crucible in the container, break described first crucible into pieces, obtain sticking to the reaction residues of the first crucible inboard;
(E), progressively break the reaction residues that obtains in the step (D) into pieces, isolate remaining aluminium and the agglomerating silicon of gathering in the gained reaction residues;
(F), the reaction residues after removing aluminium in the step (E) and assembling agglomerating silicon being put into high temperature furnace melts, temperature of fusion control is at 1300 ℃～1400 ℃, the liquid that the fusing back forms is poured in second crucible, and described liquid flow in the chute by perforate, forms the slag bar;
(G), choose the center section that obtains the slag bar in the step (F) and carry out constituent analysis, thereby grasp the composition situation of change of described continuous casting covering slag before and after the reaction.
According to a kind of method of simulating the reaction of continuous casting covering slag and molten steel provided by the present invention, employing be, the quality of described continuous casting covering slag is 48～52g, Powdered and handle through carbon elimination, the quality of described aluminium is 5.0～5.5g, granular.
According to a kind of method of simulating the reaction of continuous casting covering slag and molten steel provided by the present invention, employing be that the reaction time in the described step (B) is that 24～26min, temperature of reaction are 1340 ℃～1360 ℃.
A kind of beneficial effect of simulating the apparatus and method of continuous casting covering slag and molten steel reaction provided by the present invention is:
(1), the material of described lid, container, first crucible and second crucible is high purity graphite, and described high purity graphite purity is greater than or equal to 99%, eliminated problems such as the molten steel that exists in the classic method and covering slag container material be incompatible, and can prevent effectively that ash content in the graphite from entering and cause composition to pollute in the slag;
(2), whole analogy method do not need the participation of molten steel, improved operating personnel's personal safety greatly;
(3), lid and container contact site adopt 45 ° of settings of chamfering, and by the lid deadweight container sealed, and slag-metal reaction is carried out in the atmosphere of secluding air;
(4), apparatus structure is simple, the analogy method materials are few, effectively reduce cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the oxygen gesture figure of common oxide in the continuous casting covering slag.
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural representation of simulating reaction unit in the apparatus and method that continuous casting covering slag and molten steel react provided by the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a kind of structural representation of simulating tripping device in the apparatus and method that continuous casting covering slag and molten steel react provided by the present invention.
Among the figure, 1, lid 2, container 3, first crucible 4, continuous casting covering slag 5, aluminium 6, second crucible 7, chute 8, perforate.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, a kind of apparatus and method of simulating continuous casting covering slag and molten steel reaction provided by the present invention are further explained explanation.
The connected mode of a kind of device of simulating the reaction of continuous casting covering slag and molten steel provided by the present invention is as follows:
Reaction unit:
Container 2 opening parts are provided with lid 1, described container 2 becomes fillet surface to contact with lid 1 surface of contact, and described chamfering is 45 °, and described lid relies on deadweight to be tightly connected to forming with container 2 opening parts, can prevent preferably that air from entering in the container 2, described container 2 inside are provided with first crucible 3.
Wherein, described lid 1, container 2, first crucible, 3 materials are high purity graphite, and described high purity graphite purity is greater than or equal to 99%; The effect of described container 2 is to protect the reaction atmosphere of aluminium 5 and continuous casting covering slag 4.
Tripping device:
The tapered setting in second crucible, 6 bottoms and have perforate 8, described second crucible 6 lower ends are provided with chute 7.
Wherein, described second crucible, 6 materials are high purity graphite, and described high purity graphite purity is greater than or equal to 99%; Described chute 7 materials are stainless steel, and xsect is V-type; The pore size of described perforate 8 depends on the viscosity of reaction residues, and viscosity is more high, and the aperture is more big, elects 5～10mm herein as.
A kind of method flow of simulating the reaction of continuous casting covering slag and molten steel provided by the present invention is as follows:
(A), as shown in Figure 2, aluminium 5 and continuous casting covering slag 4 are put into first crucible 3 successively in proper order; Wherein, the quality of described continuous casting covering slag 4 is 48～52g, Powdered and handle through carbon elimination, and the quality of described aluminium 5 is 5.0～5.5g, granular.Can prevent further that so not only aluminum shot is oxidized, and the density of aluminium is 2.7g/cm
3, a little less than slag density 3.0g/cm
3, fusing back aluminium can fully contact with slag in the floating-upward process gradually
(B), first crucible 3 that aluminium 5 and continuous casting covering slag 4 will be housed puts into container 2, adds cap body 1, the container 2 that will have lid 1 is put into the high temperature furnace heating, and described aluminium 5 and continuous casting covering slag 4 are reacted; Wherein, the described reaction time is that 24～26min, temperature of reaction are 1340 ℃～1360 ℃, and according to the difference of the steel grade liquidus temperature of simulating, this temperature value also can be higher or lower.
(C), reach the reaction time after, take out the container 2 have lid 1, be cooled to room temperature;
(D), to be cooled to room temperature, take out first crucible 3 in the container 2, break described first crucible 3 into pieces, obtain sticking to the reaction residues of first crucible, 3 inboards;
(E), progressively break the reaction residues that obtains in the step (D) into pieces, isolate remaining aluminium 5 and the agglomerating silicon of gathering in the gained reaction residues; Wherein, described reaction residues comprises the intact aluminium of unreacted 5 and assembles agglomerating silicon, the perhaps solid solution alloy of the two.Residual aluminium is plasticity, can separate with the residue of fragility by the method for fragmentation, but silicon is fragility, and the silicon that disperse is not assembled in slag continues to remove by following steps.
(F), the reaction residues after removing aluminium 5 in the step (E) and assembling agglomerating silicon being put into high temperature furnace melts, temperature of fusion control is at 1300 ℃～1400 ℃, the liquid that the fusing back forms is poured in second crucible 6, and described liquid flow in the chute 7 by perforate 8, forms the slag bar; Herein, because the fusing point of silicon is at 1414 ℃, density is lighter than melt cinder, and is insoluble to melt cinder, therefore floats over the slag surface, it is poured in second crucible 6 fast, and by rationally choosing the aperture of second crucible, 6 bottom opening 8, the effective silicon in the filtering slag.
(G), choose the center section that obtains the slag bar in the step (F) and carry out constituent analysis, thereby grasp the composition situation of change of described continuous casting covering slag 4 before and after the reaction.
Embodiment 1:
Take by weighing Powdered continuous casting covering slag 50.0g and the aluminum shot 5.1g of carbon elimination, earlier aluminum shot is placed on the bottom of high purity graphite first crucible, the continuous casting covering slag of packing into then, this first crucible internal diameter 40mm, external diameter 48mm, high 85mm.Afterwards first crucible is put into the container of high purity graphite matter, and built the high purity graphite lid.This inside diameter of vessel 50mm, external diameter 60mm, high 110mm.Lid and vessel port place surface of contact are 45 ° of chamferings, thick 20mm.The container that first crucible will be housed is afterwards together inserted together with lid in 1350 ℃ the high temperature furnace and is incubated, take out air cooling behind the 25min to room temperature, open lid then, break first crucible into pieces, and the poly-group of metal object is peeled off with residue, metal object is fragility, metallic luster is arranged, heavy 3.3g, Si is that 84.4%, Al is 1.7% by analysis.The residue of remainder is reloaded in the crucible of high purity graphite matter of sealing and go into the stove fusing, pour into fast then in conical bottom high purity graphite second crucible, the aperture of this second crucible bottom perforate is 7.0mm, do not float over the slag surface on the Si powder of poly-group in the slag, and remain in second crucible, most of slag flows on the chute by perforate and solidifies the slagging bar, and chemical analysis is carried out in sampling.Former slag and reacted continuous casting covering slag composition are as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 2:
Take by weighing Powdered continuous casting covering slag 50.0g and the aluminum shot 5.1g of carbon elimination, aluminum shot is placed on the bottom of high purity graphite first crucible, the continuous casting covering slag of packing into then, the described first crucible internal diameter 40mm, external diameter 48mm, high 85mm.Afterwards first crucible is put into the container of high purity graphite matter, and built the high purity graphite lid.This inside diameter of vessel 50mm, external diameter 60mm, high 110mm.Lid and vessel port place surface of contact are 45 ° of chamferings, thick 20mm.The container that first crucible will be housed is afterwards inserted together with lid in 1350 ℃ the high temperature furnace and is incubated, and takes out air cooling behind the 25min to room temperature, opens lid then, break first crucible into pieces, and metal object particle and residue are peeled off, metal object is plasticity, tarnish, heavy 4.6g is unreacted aluminum shot.The residue of remainder is reloaded in the high purity graphite crucible of sealing and go into the stove fusing, pour into fast then in second crucible of conical bottom high purity graphite matter, the aperture of this second crucible bottom perforate is 9.0mm, do not float over the slag surface on the Si powder of poly-group in the slag, and remain in second crucible, most of slag flows on the chute by perforate and solidifies the slagging bar, and chemical analysis is carried out in sampling.Former slag and reacted continuous casting covering slag composition are as shown in table 1.
Table 1 wt%
Claims (8)
1. a device of simulating continuous casting covering slag and molten steel reaction is characterized in that described device is made up of reaction unit and tripping device two parts, wherein,
Described reaction unit comprises lid (1), and described lid (1) is arranged at container (2) opening part, and described container (2) inside is provided with first crucible (3);
Described tripping device comprises second crucible (6), and described second crucible (6) bottom is provided with perforate (8), and described second crucible (6) below is provided with chute (7).
2. a kind of device of simulating continuous casting covering slag and molten steel reaction according to claim 1 is characterized in that described lid (1) contacts with container (2) opening part, and described contact is the fillet surface contact, and described chamfering is 45 °.
3. a kind of device of simulating continuous casting covering slag and molten steel reaction according to claim 1 is characterized in that described chute (7) xsect is V-type, and material is stainless steel.
4. a kind of device of simulating the reaction of continuous casting covering slag and molten steel according to claim 1 and 2; it is characterized in that; the material of described lid (1), container (2), first crucible (3) and second crucible (6) is high purity graphite; described high purity graphite purity is greater than or equal to 99%, and described second crucible (6) bottom is taper.
5. a kind of device of simulating continuous casting covering slag and molten steel reaction according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that described lid (1) thickness is 15～25mm; Described first crucible (3) internal diameter 35～45mm, external diameter 46～49mm, high 80～90mm; Described container (2) internal diameter 50～55mm, external diameter 55～60mm, high 105～115mm; The aperture of described perforate (8) is 5～10mm.
6. the method for simulating continuous casting covering slag and molten steel reaction is installed in a utilization according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(A), aluminium (5) and continuous casting covering slag (4) are put into first crucible (3) successively in proper order;
(B), first crucible (3) that aluminium (5) and continuous casting covering slag (4) will be housed puts into container (2), adds cap body (1), the container (2) that will have lid (1) is put into the high temperature furnace heating, and described aluminium (5) and continuous casting covering slag (4) are reacted;
(C), reach the reaction time after, take out the container (2) have lid (1), be cooled to room temperature;
(D), to be cooled to room temperature, take out first crucible (3) in the container (2), break described first crucible (3) into pieces, obtain sticking to the inboard reaction residues of first crucible (3);
(E), progressively break the reaction residues that obtains in the step (D) into pieces, isolate remaining aluminium (5) and the agglomerating silicon of gathering in the gained reaction residues;
(F), the reaction residues after removing aluminium (5) in the step (E) and assembling agglomerating silicon being put into high temperature furnace melts, temperature of fusion control is at 1300 ℃～1400 ℃, the liquid that the fusing back forms is poured in second crucible (6), described liquid flow in the chute (7) by perforate (8), forms the slag bar;
(G), choose the center section that obtains the slag bar in the step (F) and carry out constituent analysis, thereby grasp the composition situation of change of described continuous casting covering slags (4) before and after the reaction.
7. a kind of method of simulating the reaction of continuous casting covering slag and molten steel according to claim 6 is characterized in that, the quality of described continuous casting covering slag (4) is 48～52g, Powdered and handle through carbon elimination, and the quality of described aluminium (5) is 5.0～5.5g, granular.
8. a kind of method of simulating continuous casting covering slag and molten steel reaction according to claim 6 is characterized in that the reaction time in the described step (B) is that 24～26min, temperature of reaction are 1340 ℃～1360 ℃.
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| CN105382228B (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2017-07-04 | 河南通宇冶材集团有限公司 | A kind of oxygen-enriched carbon-removing equipment of continuous crystallizer protecting slag |
| CN105783510A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-07-20 | 苏州普京真空技术有限公司 | Dual-purpose detachable crucible |
| CN111208259A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2020-05-29 | 宝钢特钢有限公司 | Slag-metal reaction simulation test device and method for continuous casting crystallizer casting powder |
| CN111208259B (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2022-03-22 | 宝武特种冶金有限公司 | Slag-metal reaction simulation test device and method for continuous casting crystallizer casting powder |
| CN110218829A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-10 | 华北理工大学 | A kind of device and method detecting cupola well molten iron flow |
| CN110218829B (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2021-05-25 | 华北理工大学 | Device and method for detecting fluidity of molten iron in hearth |
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