CN103182591A - Welding process for ultra-thick high-strength quenched and tempered S500Q steel plates for hydraulic turbine - Google Patents
Welding process for ultra-thick high-strength quenched and tempered S500Q steel plates for hydraulic turbine Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a welding process for steel plates, in particular to a welding process for ultra-thick high-strength quenched and tempered S500Q steel plates for a hydraulic turbine. The welding process comprises the following steps: weldability analysis, selection of welding materials, preparation of a welding groove, preheating temperature, selection of preheating temperature and interpass temperature, groove cleaning, welding of a test plate, dehydrogenation treatment of the test plate, stress relief heat treatment of the test plate, inspection of the test plate, and workpiece welding. The welding process for the ultra-thick high-strength quenched and tempered S500Q steel plates for the hydraulic turbine has the advantages of high welding strength, high welding precision, improved running reliability of the products and prolonged service life of the whole machine set.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of steel plate welding procedure, particularly a kind of thick S500Q steel plate of high-strength modified spy welding procedure that is applied to the hydraulic turbine.
Background technology
High water head mixed-flow unit seat ring is because its strength and stiffness are required is very strict, and in manufacturing and designing at home, seat ring is whole to adopt conventional Q345R steel plate in the past, and the size that causes seat ring then often bigger than normal, weight lays particular stress on, and manufacturing cost is very high.Use for reference external manufacturing experience, fixed guide vane adopts high-strength hardened and tempered steel plate S500Q (Europe superscript EN10025) in the unit seat ring design of high water head mixed-flow unit, the manufacturing of conventional Q345R steel plate is still adopted in lower ring plate and support on the seat ring, guaranteeing under the constant situation of seat ring intensity, can reduce design size and the weight of seat ring significantly, reduce manufacturing cost.This high-strength hardened and tempered steel plate S500Q is the Europe superscript steel plate, be the maximum ga(u)ge of inlet plate and the supply of material at present by the end of 150mm, successful used thickness in hydraulic turbine industry is 50mm, research and development thickness surpasses the super thick high-strength modified S500Q steel plate welding procedure of 150mm, and on high strength high water head seat ring successful Application, bring new research and development field to hydraulic turbine design.
Summary of the invention
The present invention solves the deficiencies in the prior art, the super thick S500Q steel plate welding procedure of analyzing and researching, in high water head mixed-flow unit seat ring, successfully use, solve the defective that the conventional Q345R steel plate of use causes the size of seat ring bigger than normal, weight lays particular stress in making in the past, improve the unit operation reliability, prolong the unit thick S500Q steel plate of the high-strength modified spy welding procedure that is applied to the hydraulic turbine in service life.
Above-mentioned technical problem of the present invention is mainly solved by following technical proposals:
A kind of thick S500Q steel plate of high-strength modified spy welding procedure that is applied to the hydraulic turbine, carry out according to the following steps:
(1), weldability analysis:
When S500Q steel plate thickness during less than 50mm Ceq be≤0.47%, when S500Q steel plate thickness during greater than 50mm Ceq be≤0.70%, and the Ceq of S500Q steel plate 〉=0.55% o'clock material welding performance is relatively poor, cold crack appears during welding easily, cold cracking inclination is bigger in the coarse grain zone of welding heat affected zone, the embrittlement tendency is arranged, cause joint toughness to descend;
(2), welding material is selected:
S500Q steel plate welding cold cracking inclination is very big, needs the hydrogen content of strict control welding material, selects the low hydrogen type welding material for use, and the hydrogen content 2mal/100g～4mal/100g of low hydrogen type welding material adopts the E81T1-Ni1C flux-cored wire at CO
2Weld under the gas shield, the diameter of welding wire is 1.2mm, and the electric current during welding is 120～300A;
(3), bevel for welding is prepared:
For guaranteeing that the bigger weldment of thickness can through welding, often slab weldment joint edges is processed into groove, groove works to regulate base metals and filling metal ratio except guaranteeing through welding;
1), when the identical workpiece grooves pattern of thickness is double U-groove the selection of slope type:: carry out the two sides welding, be heated evenly during welding, be out of shape lessly, the welding rod consumption is less; Increased root face P and circular arc R size, the length of root face P is that the length of 1～6mm and circular arc R is 6～15mm;
2), when thickness work slope type inequality is two single bevel groove:
(4), preheat temperature and interlayer temperature are selected:
The Ceq of S500Q steel plate 〉=0.55% o'clock, cold cracking inclination is big, for preventing the generation of cold crack, need carry out preheating, the thermograde that produces when reducing welding, reduce welding stress, prevent that crackle from producing, calculate according to carbon content Ceq and cold crack sensitivity coefficient Pcm, utilize the infrared ray heating plate to carry out preheating, preheat temperature is 150～200 ℃, the time of preheat temperature, interlayer temperature was 200～250 ℃ in order to be not less than 1 hour, not only satisfied welding requirements but also have operability, and test plate (panel) is incubated with heat-preservation cotton, the temperature of test plate (panel) is not less than 150 ℃ in the process of welding;
(5), groove cleaning:
Use the sanding machine polishing to remove oxide skin and rusty stain in the 20mm scope of groove both sides, prevent from producing pore in the welding process, being mingled with;
(6), test plate (panel) welding:
Employing thickness is that the test piece for welding of 230mm carries out test weld, and the multi-pass welding welding is adopted in welding, and gage of wire is 1.2mm, the electric current of welding is 260～300A, the voltage of welding is 28～32V, and the speed of welding is 25～30cm/min, and weld heat input is 19.2～23KJ/cm;
Adopt multi-pass welding: every weldering is together intact, remove the coating of flux-cored wire with pneumatic shovel, carry out the interlayer cleaning, beginning to measure interlayer temperature before the road welding down, interlayer temperature is 200～250 ℃, use two-sided being symmetrically welded, every face is welded to≤turn over one time body during 30mm thickness, after the back side uses carbon arc air gouging to remove, with the sanding machine polishing after see metallic luster, after the welding back side is smooth to test plate (panel), weld another side again, the number of times that stands up in the welding process is 8～10 times, measures welding deformation amount before standing up, and control plane degree welding deformation amount is no more than 3mm;
(7), the test plate (panel) hydrogen that disappears is handled:
When the risk of cold crack is very high, should accelerate the rate of release of hydrogen, keep minimum weld interpass temperature, when test plate (panel) is welded to 100mm thickness, during 2/3 thickness and after welding finishes, utilize the infrared ray heating plate to heat to test plate (panel) respectively, the temperature of heating is 200～250 ℃, be incubated after the heating, the time of insulation is not less than 2 hours, makes that hydrogen accelerates to overflow in the weld seam, prevents gathering of hydrogen in the weld seam and causes hydrogen induced cracking;
(8), test plate (panel) destressing heat treatment:
Postwelding is placed on test plate (panel) and carries out destressing heat treatment in the heat-treatment furnace, the elder generation freely be warming up to 〉=100 ℃, the back is heated to 570～590 ℃ by the firing rate of 50 ℃/h, temperature retention time is not less than 6 hours, come out of the stove after being cooled to 150 ℃ with stove by the cooling velocity of 50 ℃/h in the back, carry out the outer air cooling of stove, eliminate internal stress and improve joint microstructure and the purpose of performance to play;
(9), check test plate (panel):
Test piece for welding NDT passed examination, test plate (panel) stretch, crooked, the impulse machine performance test is qualified;
(10), workpiece welding:
1), preheating: calculate according to carbon content Ceq and cold crack sensitivity coefficient Pcm, utilize the infrared ray heating plate to carry out preheating, preheat temperature is 150～200 ℃, the time of preheat temperature is for being not less than 1 hour, interlayer temperature is 200～250 ℃, not only satisfy welding requirements but also have operability, and workpiece is incubated with heat-preservation cotton, the temperature of workpiece is not less than 150 ℃ in the process of welding;
2), cleaning groove: use the sanding machine polishing to remove oxide skin and rusty stain in the 20mm scope of groove both sides, prevent from producing pore in the welding process, being mingled with;
3), welding: the workpiece that will weld welds, and the multi-pass welding welding is adopted in welding, and gage of wire is 1.2mm, the electric current of welding is 260～300A, the voltage of welding is 28～32V, and the speed of welding is 25～30cm/min, and weld heat input is 19.2～23KJ/cm;
Adopt multi-pass welding: every weldering is together intact, remove the coating of flux-cored wire with pneumatic shovel, carry out the interlayer cleaning, beginning to measure interlayer temperature before the road welding down, interlayer temperature is 200～250 ℃, use two-sided being symmetrically welded, every face is welded to≤turn over one time body during 30mm thickness, after the back side uses carbon arc air gouging to remove, with the sanding machine polishing after see metallic luster, after the welding back side is smooth to workpiece, weld another side again, the number of times that stands up in the welding process is 8～10 times, measures welding deformation amount before standing up, and control plane degree welding deformation amount is no more than 3mm;
4): the hydrogen that disappears is handled: when the risk of cold crack is very high, should accelerate the rate of release of hydrogen, keep minimum weld interpass temperature, when workpiece is welded to 100mm thickness, during 2/3 thickness and after welding finishes, utilize the infrared ray heating plate to heat to workpiece respectively, the temperature of heating is 200～250 ℃, be incubated after the heating, the time of insulation makes that for being not less than 2 hours hydrogen accelerates effusion in the weld seam, prevents gathering of hydrogen in the weld seam and causes hydrogen induced cracking;
5), destressing heat treatment: postwelding is placed on workpiece and carries out destressing heat treatment in the heat-treatment furnace, the elder generation freely be warming up to 〉=100 ℃, the back is heated to 570～590 ℃ by the firing rate of 50 ℃/h, temperature retention time is not less than 6 hours, come out of the stove after being cooled to 150 ℃ with stove by the cooling velocity of 50 ℃/h in the back, carry out the outer air cooling of stove, eliminate internal stress and improve joint microstructure and the purpose of performance to play.
Therefore, the thick S500Q steel plate of the high-strength modified spy welding procedure that is applied to the hydraulic turbine provided by the invention, the weld strength height, the welding precision height promotes the product operational reliability, prolongs the service life of whole unit.
The specific embodiment
Below by embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1: a kind of thick S500Q steel plate of high-strength modified spy welding procedure that is applied to the hydraulic turbine, carry out according to the following steps:
(1), weldability analysis:
When S500Q steel plate thickness during less than 50mm Ceq be≤0.47%, when S500Q steel plate thickness during greater than 50mm Ceq be≤0.70%, and the Ceq of S500Q steel plate 〉=0.55% o'clock material welding performance is relatively poor, cold crack appears during welding easily, cold cracking inclination is bigger in the coarse grain zone of welding heat affected zone, the embrittlement tendency is arranged, cause joint toughness to descend;
(2), welding material is selected:
S500Q steel plate welding cold cracking inclination is very big, needs the hydrogen content of strict control welding material, selects the low hydrogen type welding material for use, and the hydrogen content 2mal/100g of low hydrogen type welding material adopts the E81T1-Ni1C flux-cored wire at CO
2Weld under the gas shield, the diameter of welding wire is 1.2mm, and the electric current during welding is 120A;
(3), bevel for welding is prepared:
For guaranteeing that the bigger weldment of thickness can through welding, often slab weldment joint edges is processed into groove, groove works to regulate base metals and filling metal ratio except guaranteeing through welding;
1), when the identical workpiece grooves pattern of thickness is double U-groove the selection of slope type:: carry out the two sides welding, be heated evenly during welding, be out of shape lessly, the welding rod consumption is less; Increased root face P and circular arc R size, the length of root face P is that the length of 1mm and circular arc R is 6mm;
2), when thickness work slope type inequality is two single bevel groove:
(4), preheat temperature and interlayer temperature are selected:
The Ceq of S500Q steel plate 〉=0.55% o'clock, cold cracking inclination is big, for preventing the generation of cold crack, need carry out preheating, the thermograde that produces when reducing welding, reduce welding stress, prevent that crackle from producing, calculate according to carbon content Ceq and cold crack sensitivity coefficient Pcm, utilize the infrared ray heating plate to carry out preheating, preheat temperature is 150 ℃, the time of preheat temperature, interlayer temperature was 200 ℃ in order to be not less than 1 hour, not only satisfied welding requirements but also have operability, and test plate (panel) is incubated with heat-preservation cotton, the temperature of test plate (panel) is not less than 150 ℃ in the process of welding;
(5), groove cleaning:
Use the sanding machine polishing to remove oxide skin and rusty stain in the 20mm scope of groove both sides, prevent from producing pore in the welding process, being mingled with;
(6), test plate (panel) welding:
Employing thickness is that the test piece for welding of 230mm carries out test weld, and the multi-pass welding welding is adopted in welding, and gage of wire is 1.2mm, and the electric current of welding is 260A, and the voltage of welding is 28V, and the speed of welding is 25cm/min, and weld heat input is 19.2KJ/cm;
Adopt multi-pass welding: every weldering is together intact, remove the coating of flux-cored wire with pneumatic shovel, carry out the interlayer cleaning, beginning to measure interlayer temperature before the road welding down, interlayer temperature is 200 ℃, use two-sided being symmetrically welded, every face is welded to≤turn over one time body during 30mm thickness, after the back side uses carbon arc air gouging to remove, with the sanding machine polishing after see metallic luster, after the welding back side is smooth to test plate (panel), weld another side again, the number of times that stands up in the welding process is 8 times, measures welding deformation amount before standing up, and control plane degree welding deformation amount is no more than 3mm;
(7), the test plate (panel) hydrogen that disappears is handled:
When the risk of cold crack is very high, should accelerate the rate of release of hydrogen, keep minimum weld interpass temperature, when test plate (panel) is welded to 100mm thickness, during 2/3 thickness and after welding finishes, utilize the infrared ray heating plate to heat to test plate (panel) respectively, the temperature of heating is 200 ℃, be incubated after the heating, the time of insulation is not less than 2 hours, makes that hydrogen accelerates to overflow in the weld seam, prevents gathering of hydrogen in the weld seam and causes hydrogen induced cracking;
(8), test plate (panel) destressing heat treatment:
Postwelding is placed on test plate (panel) and carries out destressing heat treatment in the heat-treatment furnace, the elder generation freely be warming up to 〉=100 ℃, the back is heated to 570 ℃ by the firing rate of 50 ℃/h, temperature retention time is not less than 6 hours, come out of the stove after being cooled to 150 ℃ with stove by the cooling velocity of 50 ℃/h in the back, carry out the outer air cooling of stove, eliminate internal stress and improve joint microstructure and the purpose of performance to play;
(9), check test plate (panel):
Test piece for welding NDT passed examination, test plate (panel) stretch, crooked, the impulse machine performance test is qualified;
(10), workpiece welding:
1), preheating: calculate according to carbon content Ceq and cold crack sensitivity coefficient Pcm, utilize the infrared ray heating plate to carry out preheating, preheat temperature is 150 ℃, the time of preheat temperature is for being not less than 1 hour, interlayer temperature is 200 ℃, not only satisfy welding requirements but also have operability, and workpiece is incubated with heat-preservation cotton, the temperature of workpiece is not less than 150 ℃ in the process of welding;
2), cleaning groove: use the sanding machine polishing to remove oxide skin and rusty stain in the 20mm scope of groove both sides, prevent from producing pore in the welding process, being mingled with;
3), welding: the workpiece that will weld welds, and the multi-pass welding welding is adopted in welding, and gage of wire is 1.2mm, and the electric current of welding is 260A, and the voltage of welding is 28V, and the speed of welding is 25cm/min, and weld heat input is 19.2KJ/cm;
Adopt multi-pass welding: every weldering is together intact, remove the coating of flux-cored wire with pneumatic shovel, carry out the interlayer cleaning, beginning to measure interlayer temperature before the road welding down, interlayer temperature is 200 ℃, use two-sided being symmetrically welded, every face is welded to≤turn over one time body during 30mm thickness, after the back side uses carbon arc air gouging to remove, with the sanding machine polishing after see metallic luster, after the welding back side is smooth to workpiece, weld another side again, the number of times that stands up in the welding process is 8 times, measures welding deformation amount before standing up, and control plane degree welding deformation amount is no more than 3mm;
4): the hydrogen that disappears is handled: when the risk of cold crack is very high, should accelerate the rate of release of hydrogen, keep minimum weld interpass temperature, when workpiece is welded to 100mm thickness, during 2/3 thickness and after welding finishes, utilize the infrared ray heating plate to heat to workpiece respectively, the temperature of heating is 200 ℃, be incubated after the heating, the time of insulation makes that for being not less than 2 hours hydrogen accelerates effusion in the weld seam, prevents gathering of hydrogen in the weld seam and causes hydrogen induced cracking;
5), destressing heat treatment: postwelding is placed on workpiece and carries out destressing heat treatment in the heat-treatment furnace, the elder generation freely be warming up to 〉=100 ℃, the back is heated to 570 ℃ by the firing rate of 50 ℃/h, temperature retention time is not less than 6 hours, come out of the stove after being cooled to 150 ℃ with stove by the cooling velocity of 50 ℃/h in the back, carry out the outer air cooling of stove, eliminate internal stress and improve joint microstructure and the purpose of performance to play.
Embodiment 2: a kind of thick S500Q steel plate of high-strength modified spy welding procedure that is applied to the hydraulic turbine, carry out according to the following steps:
(1), weldability analysis:
When S500Q steel plate thickness during less than 50mm Ceq be≤0.47%, when S500Q steel plate thickness during greater than 50mm Ceq be≤0.70%, and the Ceq of S500Q steel plate 〉=0.55% o'clock material welding performance is relatively poor, cold crack appears during welding easily, cold cracking inclination is bigger in the coarse grain zone of welding heat affected zone, the embrittlement tendency is arranged, cause joint toughness to descend;
(2), welding material is selected:
S500Q steel plate welding cold cracking inclination is very big, needs the hydrogen content of strict control welding material, selects the low hydrogen type welding material for use, and the hydrogen content 3mal/100g of low hydrogen type welding material adopts the E81T1-Ni1C flux-cored wire at CO
2Weld under the gas shield, the diameter of welding wire is 1.2mm, and the electric current during welding is 200A;
(3), bevel for welding is prepared:
For guaranteeing that the bigger weldment of thickness can through welding, often slab weldment joint edges is processed into groove, groove works to regulate base metals and filling metal ratio except guaranteeing through welding;
1), when the identical workpiece grooves pattern of thickness is double U-groove the selection of slope type:: carry out the two sides welding, be heated evenly during welding, be out of shape lessly, the welding rod consumption is less; Increased root face P and circular arc R size, the length of root face P is that the length of 3mm and circular arc R is 10mm;
2), when thickness work slope type inequality is two single bevel groove:
(4), preheat temperature and interlayer temperature are selected:
The Ceq of S500Q steel plate 〉=0.55% o'clock, cold cracking inclination is big, for preventing the generation of cold crack, need carry out preheating, the thermograde that produces when reducing welding, reduce welding stress, prevent that crackle from producing, calculate according to carbon content Ceq and cold crack sensitivity coefficient Pcm, utilize the infrared ray heating plate to carry out preheating, preheat temperature is 180 ℃, the time of preheat temperature, interlayer temperature was 220 ℃ in order to be not less than 1 hour, not only satisfied welding requirements but also have operability, and test plate (panel) is incubated with heat-preservation cotton, the temperature of test plate (panel) is not less than 150 ℃ in the process of welding;
(5), groove cleaning:
Use the sanding machine polishing to remove oxide skin and rusty stain in the 20mm scope of groove both sides, prevent from producing pore in the welding process, being mingled with;
(6), test plate (panel) welding:
Employing thickness is that the test piece for welding of 230mm carries out test weld, and the multi-pass welding welding is adopted in welding, and gage of wire is 1.2mm, and the electric current of welding is 280A, and the voltage of welding is 30V, and the speed of welding is 27cm/min, and weld heat input is 20KJ/cm;
Adopt multi-pass welding: every weldering is together intact, remove the coating of flux-cored wire with pneumatic shovel, carry out the interlayer cleaning, beginning to measure interlayer temperature before the road welding down, interlayer temperature is 220 ℃, use two-sided being symmetrically welded, every face is welded to≤turn over one time body during 30mm thickness, after the back side uses carbon arc air gouging to remove, with the sanding machine polishing after see metallic luster, after the welding back side is smooth to test plate (panel), weld another side again, the number of times that stands up in the welding process is 9 times, measures welding deformation amount before standing up, and control plane degree welding deformation amount is no more than 3mm;
(7), the test plate (panel) hydrogen that disappears is handled:
When the risk of cold crack is very high, should accelerate the rate of release of hydrogen, keep minimum weld interpass temperature, when test plate (panel) is welded to 100mm thickness, during 2/3 thickness and after welding finishes, utilize the infrared ray heating plate to heat to test plate (panel) respectively, the temperature of heating is 220 ℃, be incubated after the heating, the time of insulation is not less than 2 hours, makes that hydrogen accelerates to overflow in the weld seam, prevents gathering of hydrogen in the weld seam and causes hydrogen induced cracking;
(8), test plate (panel) destressing heat treatment:
Postwelding is placed on test plate (panel) and carries out destressing heat treatment in the heat-treatment furnace, the elder generation freely be warming up to 〉=100 ℃, the back is heated to 580 ℃ by the firing rate of 50 ℃/h, temperature retention time is not less than 6 hours, come out of the stove after being cooled to 150 ℃ with stove by the cooling velocity of 50 ℃/h in the back, carry out the outer air cooling of stove, eliminate internal stress and improve joint microstructure and the purpose of performance to play;
(9), check test plate (panel):
Test piece for welding NDT passed examination, test plate (panel) stretch, crooked, the impulse machine performance test is qualified;
(10), workpiece welding:
1), preheating: calculate according to carbon content Ceq and cold crack sensitivity coefficient Pcm, utilize the infrared ray heating plate to carry out preheating, preheat temperature is 180 ℃, the time of preheat temperature is for being not less than 1 hour, interlayer temperature is 220 ℃, not only satisfy welding requirements but also have operability, and workpiece is incubated with heat-preservation cotton, the temperature of workpiece is not less than 150 ℃ in the process of welding;
2), cleaning groove: use the sanding machine polishing to remove oxide skin and rusty stain in the 20mm scope of groove both sides, prevent from producing pore in the welding process, being mingled with;
3), welding: the workpiece that will weld welds, and the multi-pass welding welding is adopted in welding, and gage of wire is 1.2mm, and the electric current of welding is 280A, and the voltage of welding is 30V, and the speed of welding is 28cm/min, and weld heat input is 20KJ/cm;
Adopt multi-pass welding: every weldering is together intact, remove the coating of flux-cored wire with pneumatic shovel, carry out the interlayer cleaning, beginning to measure interlayer temperature before the road welding down, interlayer temperature is 220 ℃, use two-sided being symmetrically welded, every face is welded to≤turn over one time body during 30mm thickness, after the back side uses carbon arc air gouging to remove, with the sanding machine polishing after see metallic luster, after the welding back side is smooth to workpiece, weld another side again, the number of times that stands up in the welding process is 9 times, measures welding deformation amount before standing up, and control plane degree welding deformation amount is no more than 3mm;
4): the hydrogen that disappears is handled: when the risk of cold crack is very high, should accelerate the rate of release of hydrogen, keep minimum weld interpass temperature, when workpiece is welded to 100mm thickness, during 2/3 thickness and after welding finishes, utilize the infrared ray heating plate to heat to workpiece respectively, the temperature of heating is 220 ℃, be incubated after the heating, the time of insulation makes that for being not less than 2 hours hydrogen accelerates effusion in the weld seam, prevents gathering of hydrogen in the weld seam and causes hydrogen induced cracking;
5), destressing heat treatment: postwelding is placed on workpiece and carries out destressing heat treatment in the heat-treatment furnace, the elder generation freely be warming up to 〉=100 ℃, the back is heated to 580 ℃ by the firing rate of 50 ℃/h, temperature retention time is not less than 6 hours, come out of the stove after being cooled to 150 ℃ with stove by the cooling velocity of 50 ℃/h in the back, carry out the outer air cooling of stove, eliminate internal stress and improve joint microstructure and the purpose of performance to play.
Embodiment 3: a kind of thick S500Q steel plate of high-strength modified spy welding procedure that is applied to the hydraulic turbine, carry out according to the following steps:
(1), weldability analysis:
When S500Q steel plate thickness during less than 50mm Ceq be≤0.47%, when S500Q steel plate thickness during greater than 50mm Ceq be≤0.70%, and the Ceq of S500Q steel plate 〉=0.55% o'clock material welding performance is relatively poor, cold crack appears during welding easily, cold cracking inclination is bigger in the coarse grain zone of welding heat affected zone, the embrittlement tendency is arranged, cause joint toughness to descend;
(2), welding material is selected:
S500Q steel plate welding cold cracking inclination is very big, needs the hydrogen content of strict control welding material, selects the low hydrogen type welding material for use, and the hydrogen content 4mal/100g of low hydrogen type welding material adopts the E81T1-Ni1C flux-cored wire at CO
2Weld under the gas shield, the diameter of welding wire is 1.2mm, and the electric current during welding is 300A;
(3), bevel for welding is prepared:
For guaranteeing that the bigger weldment of thickness can through welding, often slab weldment joint edges is processed into groove, groove works to regulate base metals and filling metal ratio except guaranteeing through welding;
1), when the identical workpiece grooves pattern of thickness is double U-groove the selection of slope type:: carry out the two sides welding, be heated evenly during welding, be out of shape lessly, the welding rod consumption is less; Increased root face P and circular arc R size, the length of root face P is that the length of 6mm and circular arc R is 15mm;
2), when thickness work slope type inequality is two single bevel groove:
(4), preheat temperature and interlayer temperature are selected:
The Ceq of S500Q steel plate 〉=0.55% o'clock, cold cracking inclination is big, for preventing the generation of cold crack, need carry out preheating, the thermograde that produces when reducing welding, reduce welding stress, prevent that crackle from producing, calculate according to carbon content Ceq and cold crack sensitivity coefficient Pcm, utilize the infrared ray heating plate to carry out preheating, preheat temperature is 200 ℃, the time of preheat temperature, interlayer temperature was 250 ℃ in order to be not less than 1 hour, not only satisfied welding requirements but also have operability, and test plate (panel) is incubated with heat-preservation cotton, the temperature of test plate (panel) is not less than 150 ℃ in the process of welding;
(5), groove cleaning:
Use the sanding machine polishing to remove oxide skin and rusty stain in the 20mm scope of groove both sides, prevent from producing pore in the welding process, being mingled with;
(6), test plate (panel) welding:
Employing thickness is that the test piece for welding of 230mm carries out test weld, and the multi-pass welding welding is adopted in welding, and gage of wire is 1.2mm, and the electric current of welding is 300A, and the voltage of welding is 28～32V, and the speed of welding is 30cm/min, and weld heat input is 23KJ/cm;
Adopt multi-pass welding: every weldering is together intact, remove the coating of flux-cored wire with pneumatic shovel, carry out the interlayer cleaning, beginning to measure interlayer temperature before the road welding down, interlayer temperature is 250 ℃, use two-sided being symmetrically welded, every face is welded to≤turn over one time body during 30mm thickness, after the back side uses carbon arc air gouging to remove, with the sanding machine polishing after see metallic luster, after the welding back side is smooth to test plate (panel), weld another side again, the number of times that stands up in the welding process is 10 times, measures welding deformation amount before standing up, and control plane degree welding deformation amount is no more than 3mm;
(7), the test plate (panel) hydrogen that disappears is handled:
When the risk of cold crack is very high, should accelerate the rate of release of hydrogen, keep minimum weld interpass temperature, when test plate (panel) is welded to 100mm thickness, during 2/3 thickness and after welding finishes, utilize the infrared ray heating plate to heat to test plate (panel) respectively, the temperature of heating is 250 ℃, be incubated after the heating, the time of insulation is not less than 2 hours, makes that hydrogen accelerates to overflow in the weld seam, prevents gathering of hydrogen in the weld seam and causes hydrogen induced cracking;
(8), test plate (panel) destressing heat treatment:
Postwelding is placed on test plate (panel) and carries out destressing heat treatment in the heat-treatment furnace, the elder generation freely be warming up to 〉=100 ℃, the back is heated to 590 ℃ by the firing rate of 50 ℃/h, temperature retention time is not less than 6 hours, come out of the stove after being cooled to 150 ℃ with stove by the cooling velocity of 50 ℃/h in the back, carry out the outer air cooling of stove, eliminate internal stress and improve joint microstructure and the purpose of performance to play;
(9), check test plate (panel):
Test piece for welding NDT passed examination, test plate (panel) stretch, crooked, the impulse machine performance test is qualified;
(10), workpiece welding:
1), preheating: calculate according to carbon content Ceq and cold crack sensitivity coefficient Pcm, utilize the infrared ray heating plate to carry out preheating, preheat temperature is 200 ℃, the time of preheat temperature is for being not less than 1 hour, interlayer temperature is 250 ℃, not only satisfy welding requirements but also have operability, and workpiece is incubated with heat-preservation cotton, the temperature of workpiece is not less than 150 ℃ in the process of welding;
2), cleaning groove: use the sanding machine polishing to remove oxide skin and rusty stain in the 20mm scope of groove both sides, prevent from producing pore in the welding process, being mingled with;
3), welding: the workpiece that will weld welds, and the multi-pass welding welding is adopted in welding, and gage of wire is 1.2mm, and the electric current of welding is 300A, and the voltage of welding is 32V, and the speed of welding is 30cm/min, and weld heat input is 23KJ/cm;
Adopt multi-pass welding: every weldering is together intact, remove the coating of flux-cored wire with pneumatic shovel, carry out the interlayer cleaning, beginning to measure interlayer temperature before the road welding down, interlayer temperature is 250 ℃, use two-sided being symmetrically welded, every face is welded to≤turn over one time body during 30mm thickness, after the back side uses carbon arc air gouging to remove, with the sanding machine polishing after see metallic luster, after the welding back side is smooth to workpiece, weld another side again, the number of times that stands up in the welding process is 10 times, measures welding deformation amount before standing up, and control plane degree welding deformation amount is no more than 3mm;
4): the hydrogen that disappears is handled: when the risk of cold crack is very high, should accelerate the rate of release of hydrogen, keep minimum weld interpass temperature, when workpiece is welded to 100mm thickness, during 2/3 thickness and after welding finishes, utilize the infrared ray heating plate to heat to workpiece respectively, the temperature of heating is 250 ℃, be incubated after the heating, the time of insulation makes that for being not less than 2 hours hydrogen accelerates effusion in the weld seam, prevents gathering of hydrogen in the weld seam and causes hydrogen induced cracking;
5), destressing heat treatment: postwelding is placed on workpiece and carries out destressing heat treatment in the heat-treatment furnace, the elder generation freely be warming up to 〉=100 ℃, the back is heated to 590 ℃ by the firing rate of 50 ℃/h, temperature retention time is not less than 6 hours, come out of the stove after being cooled to 150 ℃ with stove by the cooling velocity of 50 ℃/h in the back, carry out the outer air cooling of stove, eliminate internal stress and improve joint microstructure and the purpose of performance to play.
Claims (1)
1. the thick S500Q steel plate of high-strength modified spy welding procedure that is applied to the hydraulic turbine is characterized in that carrying out according to the following steps:
(1), weldability analysis:
When S500Q steel plate thickness during less than 50mm Ceq be≤0.47%, when S500Q steel plate thickness during greater than 50mm Ceq be≤0.70%, and the Ceq of S500Q steel plate 〉=0.55% o'clock material welding performance is relatively poor, cold crack appears during welding easily, cold cracking inclination is bigger in the coarse grain zone of welding heat affected zone, the embrittlement tendency is arranged, cause joint toughness to descend;
(2), welding material is selected:
S500Q steel plate welding cold cracking inclination is very big, needs the hydrogen content of strict control welding material, selects the low hydrogen type welding material for use, and the hydrogen content 2mal/100g～4mal/100g of low hydrogen type welding material adopts the E81T1-Ni1C flux-cored wire at CO
2Weld under the gas shield, the diameter of welding wire is 1.2mm, and the electric current during welding is 120～300A;
(3), bevel for welding is prepared:
For guaranteeing that the bigger weldment of thickness can through welding, often slab weldment joint edges is processed into groove, groove works to regulate base metals and filling metal ratio except guaranteeing through welding;
1), when the identical workpiece grooves pattern of thickness is double U-groove the selection of slope type:: carry out the two sides welding, be heated evenly during welding, be out of shape lessly, the welding rod consumption is less; Increased root face P and circular arc R size, the length of root face P is that the length of 1～6mm and circular arc R is 6～15mm;
2), when thickness work slope type inequality is two single bevel groove:
(4), preheat temperature and interlayer temperature are selected:
The Ceq of S500Q steel plate 〉=0.55% o'clock, cold cracking inclination is big, for preventing the generation of cold crack, need carry out preheating, the thermograde that produces when reducing welding, reduce welding stress, prevent that crackle from producing, calculate according to carbon content Ceq and cold crack sensitivity coefficient Pcm, utilize the infrared ray heating plate to carry out preheating, preheat temperature is 150～200 ℃, the time of preheat temperature, interlayer temperature was 200～250 ℃ in order to be not less than 1 hour, not only satisfied welding requirements but also have operability, and test plate (panel) is incubated with heat-preservation cotton, the temperature of test plate (panel) is not less than 150 ℃ in the process of welding;
(5), groove cleaning:
Use the sanding machine polishing to remove oxide skin and rusty stain in the 20mm scope of groove both sides, prevent from producing pore in the welding process, being mingled with;
(6), test plate (panel) welding:
Employing thickness is that the test piece for welding of 230mm carries out test weld, and the multi-pass welding welding is adopted in welding, and gage of wire is 1.2mm, the electric current of welding is 260～300A, the voltage of welding is 28～32V, and the speed of welding is 25～30cm/min, and weld heat input is 19.2～23KJ/cm;
Adopt multi-pass welding: every weldering is together intact, remove the coating of flux-cored wire with pneumatic shovel, carry out the interlayer cleaning, beginning to measure interlayer temperature before the road welding down, interlayer temperature is 200～250 ℃, use two-sided being symmetrically welded, every face is welded to≤turn over one time body during 30mm thickness, after the back side uses carbon arc air gouging to remove, with the sanding machine polishing after see metallic luster, after the welding back side is smooth to test plate (panel), weld another side again, the number of times that stands up in the welding process is 8～10 times, measures welding deformation amount before standing up, and control plane degree welding deformation amount is no more than 3mm;
(7), the test plate (panel) hydrogen that disappears is handled:
When the risk of cold crack is very high, should accelerate the rate of release of hydrogen, keep minimum weld interpass temperature, when test plate (panel) is welded to 100mm thickness, during 2/3 thickness and after welding finishes, utilize the infrared ray heating plate to heat to test plate (panel) respectively, the temperature of heating is 200～250 ℃, be incubated after the heating, the time of insulation is not less than 2 hours, makes that hydrogen accelerates to overflow in the weld seam, prevents gathering of hydrogen in the weld seam and causes hydrogen induced cracking;
(8), test plate (panel) destressing heat treatment:
Postwelding is placed on test plate (panel) and carries out destressing heat treatment in the heat-treatment furnace, the elder generation freely be warming up to 〉=100 ℃, the back is heated to 570～590 ℃ by the firing rate of 50 ℃/h, temperature retention time is not less than 6 hours, come out of the stove after being cooled to 150 ℃ with stove by the cooling velocity of 50 ℃/h in the back, carry out the outer air cooling of stove, eliminate internal stress and improve joint microstructure and the purpose of performance to play;
(9), check test plate (panel):
Test piece for welding NDT passed examination, test plate (panel) stretch, crooked, the impulse machine performance test is qualified;
(10), workpiece welding:
1), preheating: calculate according to carbon content Ceq and cold crack sensitivity coefficient Pcm, utilize the infrared ray heating plate to carry out preheating, preheat temperature is 150～200 ℃, the time of preheat temperature is for being not less than 1 hour, interlayer temperature is 200～250 ℃, not only satisfy welding requirements but also have operability, and workpiece is incubated with heat-preservation cotton, the temperature of workpiece is not less than 150 ℃ in the process of welding;
2), cleaning groove: use the sanding machine polishing to remove oxide skin and rusty stain in the 20mm scope of groove both sides, prevent from producing pore in the welding process, being mingled with;
3), welding: the workpiece that will weld welds, and the multi-pass welding welding is adopted in welding, and gage of wire is 1.2mm, the electric current of welding is 260～300A, the voltage of welding is 28～32V, and the speed of welding is 25～30cm/min, and weld heat input is 19.2～23KJ/cm;
Adopt multi-pass welding: every weldering is together intact, remove the coating of flux-cored wire with pneumatic shovel, carry out the interlayer cleaning, beginning to measure interlayer temperature before the road welding down, interlayer temperature is 200～250 ℃, use two-sided being symmetrically welded, every face is welded to≤turn over one time body during 30mm thickness, after the back side uses carbon arc air gouging to remove, with the sanding machine polishing after see metallic luster, after the welding back side is smooth to workpiece, weld another side again, the number of times that stands up in the welding process is 8～10 times, measures welding deformation amount before standing up, and control plane degree welding deformation amount is no more than 3mm;
4): the hydrogen that disappears is handled: when the risk of cold crack is very high, should accelerate the rate of release of hydrogen, keep minimum weld interpass temperature, when workpiece is welded to 100mm thickness, during 2/3 thickness and after welding finishes, utilize the infrared ray heating plate to heat to workpiece respectively, the temperature of heating is 200～250 ℃, be incubated after the heating, the time of insulation makes that for being not less than 2 hours hydrogen accelerates effusion in the weld seam, prevents gathering of hydrogen in the weld seam and causes hydrogen induced cracking;
5), destressing heat treatment: postwelding is placed on workpiece and carries out destressing heat treatment in the heat-treatment furnace, the elder generation freely be warming up to 〉=100 ℃, the back is heated to 570～590 ℃ by the firing rate of 50 ℃/h, temperature retention time is not less than 6 hours, come out of the stove after being cooled to 150 ℃ with stove by the cooling velocity of 50 ℃/h in the back, carry out the outer air cooling of stove, eliminate internal stress and improve joint microstructure and the purpose of performance to play.
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| CN106077955A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-11-09 | 广西安讯科技投资有限公司 | The welding method of fire-fighting drawdown pump peculiar to vessel |
| CN107081506A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-08-22 | 合肥市大卓电力有限责任公司 | A kind of welding procedure of high-strength alloy steel plate |
| CN108723560A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-11-02 | 华北水利水电大学 | Improve the heat treatment method of high strength weld joints low-temperature flexibility |
| CN109807511A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-05-28 | 重庆科技学院 | Reduce the in-service welding sleeve that hydrogen splits tendency |
| CN113560698A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-10-29 | 苏州天顺新能源科技有限公司 | Double-head cantilever crane car welding process |
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| CN113560698A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-10-29 | 苏州天顺新能源科技有限公司 | Double-head cantilever crane car welding process |
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