CN103178241A - Making method of lithium ion battery anode sheet - Google Patents

Making method of lithium ion battery anode sheet Download PDF

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CN103178241A
CN103178241A CN2013100749928A CN201310074992A CN103178241A CN 103178241 A CN103178241 A CN 103178241A CN 2013100749928 A CN2013100749928 A CN 2013100749928A CN 201310074992 A CN201310074992 A CN 201310074992A CN 103178241 A CN103178241 A CN 103178241A
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anode
anode strip
lithium ion
ion battery
manufacture method
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CN103178241B (en
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邓耀明
余红明
孙峰
陈杰
吴凯
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Dongguan Amperex Technology Ltd
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Dongguan Amperex Technology Ltd
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    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, and especially relates to a making method of a lithium ion battery anode sheet. The method comprises the following steps: 1, anode slurry preparation: adding an anode active substance, an aqueous thickening agent, an aqueous adhesive and a conductive agent to water, and uniformly stirring to prepare an anode slurry; 2, anode sheet preparation: uniformly coating the anode slurry on an anode current collector, and drying in a 60-120DEG C drying box to prepare an anode sheet; and 3, anode sheet post-treatment: carrying out secondary baking softening treatment of the anode sheet obtained in step 2 in a 250-450DEG C environment. Compared with anode sheets made through the prior art, the anode sheet made through adopting the method has the characteristics of good flexibility, high absorption performance, low impedance and the like; and a lithium ion battery containing the anode sheet made through adopting method has the characteristics of good low temperature discharge performance, long cycle life, and low cycle thickness expansion rate.

Description

A kind of manufacture method of lithium ion battery anode strip
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of lithium ion, relate in particular to a kind of manufacture method of lithium ion battery anode strip.
Background technology
Lithium ion battery is since commercialization, and is high due to its energy density, operating voltage is high, memory-less effect, have extended cycle life and the plurality of advantages such as environmentally safe is widely used as the power supply of various mobile devices.At present, lithium ion battery has entered the large-scale practical stage.
The performance of lithium ion battery depends on electrode, electrolyte and is contained in wherein battery material, the characteristic of electrode depends on active material, collector and the binding agent that electrode comprises, wherein, the effect of binding agent is to provide between active material and the bonding force between active material and collector, electronics and lithium ion is moved in electrode reposefully and reduce the electrode internal resistance.
In recent years, the research and development of lithium ion battery has all obtained gratifying achievement, obtaining than much progress aspect the lifting of energy density especially, but the improvement research that is aimed at the cryogenic property of lithium ion battery relatively lags behind, and causes cryogenic property to become restriction lithium ion battery market and the further bottleneck of expanding of application.Lithium ion battery water-based anode strip generally adopts the mixed system of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and styrene butadiene rubbers (SBR) as binding agent at present, because fragility after the sodium carboxymethylcellulose drying is very strong, therefore adopt the anode strip drying that this compound system is made generally to show afterwards more crisp, the as easy as rolling off a log demoulding phenomenon that occurs in the manufacturing process of battery core, this point shows particularly evidently in the process that adopts winding process making battery, has had a strong impact on the excellent rate of battery; In addition due to the difference of the affinity between sodium carboxymethylcellulose and each composition of electrolyte, cause the bath composition of polarity can't infiltrate in the active material particle of electrode, make the interface resistance of anode strip and the internal resistance of battery increase, this phenomenon shows more obviously when low temperature, be embodied in battery and easily analyse lithium, and along with the increase of coating weight, the phenomenon that battery is analysed lithium is also more serious, has a strong impact on the security performance of battery.
In view of this, the necessary manufacture method that a kind of lithium ion battery anode strip is provided to improve the cryogenic property of lithium ion battery, improves the excellent rate of battery simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to: for the deficiencies in the prior art, and provide a kind of manufacture method of lithium ion battery anode strip, to improve the cryogenic property of lithium ion battery, improve simultaneously the excellent rate of battery, the easy demoulding of anode strip of making to overcome method of the prior art, thereby affect the excellent rate of battery, and the deficiency of poor performance at low temperatures that comprises the lithium ion battery of this anode strip.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of manufacture method of lithium ion battery anode strip, comprise the following steps: step 1, the preparation of anode slurry: with anode active material, water-based thickener, aqueous adhesive and conductive agent according to mass ratio (85~98): (1~2): (1~10): (0~3) is added to the water, and makes anode slurry after stirring.
Step 2, the making of anode strip: the anode slurry that step 1 is made is coated on anode collector equably, and coating thickness is 50~400um, and is then dry in the drying box of 60~120 ℃, makes anode strip.
Step 3, the reprocessing of anode strip: the anode strip that step 2 is made is placed in and carries out under the environment of 250~450 ℃ that secondary baking is softening to be processed, and completes the making of anode strip.
As a kind of improvement of the manufacture method of lithium ion battery anode strip of the present invention, the decomposition temperature of described water-based thickener is less than or equal to 450 ℃, and described water-based thickener can partly or completely decompose in the time of 450 ℃.
As a kind of improvement of the manufacture method of lithium ion battery anode strip of the present invention, described water-based thickener is at least a in sodium carboxymethylcellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose lithium, potassium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose and sodium alginate.
As a kind of improvement of the manufacture method of lithium ion battery anode strip of the present invention, the fusing point of described aqueous binders is higher than 450 ℃.
As a kind of improvement of the manufacture method of lithium ion battery anode strip of the present invention, described aqueous binders is at least a in styrene-butadiene latex, pure the third latex, styrene-acrylic latex, organic silicon emulsion and polyaminoester emulsion.
As a kind of improvement of the manufacture method of lithium ion battery anode strip of the present invention, described anode active material is at least a in native graphite, Delanium, MCMB, silicon alloy and ashbury metal; Described conductive agent is at least a in superconduction carbon, acetylene black, carbon nano-tube, Graphene and carbon fiber.
As a kind of improvement of the manufacture method of lithium ion battery anode strip of the present invention, in step 3, the softening time of processing of described secondary baking is 1~60min.
As a kind of improvement of the manufacture method of lithium ion battery anode strip of the present invention, in step 3, the reprocessing of described anode strip is carried out in atmosphere of inert gases, to prevent the conductivity variation of the oxidized anode collector that causes of anode collector under high temperature.
As a kind of improvement of the manufacture method of lithium ion battery anode strip of the present invention, described inert gas is nitrogen or argon gas.
As a kind of improvement of the manufacture method of lithium ion battery anode strip of the present invention, before carrying out step 3, the anode strip that first step 2 is obtained carries out cold pressing treatment.Certainly, after cold pressing treatment, the antianode sheet carries out the itemize processing again, afterwards in the operation of carrying out step 3.
With respect to prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the first, adopt method of the present invention preparation anode strip pliability be improved significantly.Water-based thickener is (as carboxymethyl cellulose salt (lithium, potassium, sodium) and sodium alginate etc.) generally show very strong fragility after film forming, so the anode strip of its preparation generally shows relatively poor pliability, when the content when it in anode strip increased, the pliability of anode strip was poorer.But this class water-based thickener at high temperature easily decomposes, therefore after antianode sheet of the present invention carries out high-temperature process, the content of the water-based thickener in anode strip reduces greatly, thereby make anode strip pliability be improved significantly, the demoulding bad product quantity that is embodied at coiling operation middle-jiao yang, function of the spleen and stomach pole piece significantly reduces, and the pole piece utilance brings up to 99% from 97%.
The second, the cryogenic property that comprises the lithium ion battery of the anode strip that adopts method preparation of the present invention is obviously promoted.This polymer substance with amphiphilic structure of water-based thickener, can spread over equably the anode active material surface, but the wettability of this class material in organic electrolyte system is poor, therefore easily cause to a certain extent the suction electrolyte ability variation of anode strip, and then affect the cryogenic property of battery.The present invention makes the transmission of ion between electrolyte and anode active material particle more smooth and easy by the strict content of controlling water-based thickener, so the internal resistance of battery obviously reduces, and especially at low temperatures, this improvement is more obvious.
The 3rd, comprise the having extended cycle life of lithium ion battery of the anode strip that adopts method preparation of the present invention, and the circulation thickness swelling is low.This be because: on the one hand, the residual stress that the softening treatment process of secondary baking makes anode strip produce in coating and the operation such as cold pressing is discharged preferably, thereby greatly reduces the risk of distortion of battery in preparation process.On the other hand, in anode strip, water-based thickener is decomposed, and the porosity of anode strip has lifting to a certain degree, and this expansion for circulating battery process anode active material provides a part of hole, and therefore, the thickness swelling in the circulating battery process obviously reduces.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the AC impedance spectrogram of the anode strip of this method preparation of adopting respectively embodiment 1 and Comparative Examples 1.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment and accompanying drawing, content of the present invention is further illustrated, but invention protection range of the present invention is not limited only to the described content of embodiment.
Embodiment 1, the manufacture method of a kind of lithium ion battery anode strip that the present embodiment provides, comprise the following steps: step 1, the preparation of anode slurry: anode active material native graphite, water-based thickener sodium carboxymethylcellulose, aqueous adhesive styrene-butadiene latex and superconduction carbon are added to the water according to mass ratio 96:1:1:2, make anode slurry after stirring.
Step 2, the making of anode strip: the anode slurry that step 1 is made is coated on the anode collector Copper Foil equably, and coating thickness is 100um, and is then dry in the drying box of 100 ℃, makes anode strip.
Step 3, the reprocessing of anode strip: the anode strip that step 2 is made is placed in softening processing of secondary baking of carrying out 30min under the nitrogen environment of 300 ℃, then through colding pressing and itemize after complete the making of anode strip.
Embodiment 2, the manufacture method of a kind of lithium ion battery anode strip that the present embodiment provides, comprise the following steps: step 1, the preparation of anode slurry: anode active material Delanium, water-based thickener carboxymethyl cellulose lithium, pure the third latex of aqueous adhesive and acetylene black are added to the water according to mass ratio 92:2:5:1, make anode slurry after stirring.
Step 2, the making of anode strip: the anode slurry that step 1 is made is coated on the anode collector Copper Foil equably, and coating thickness is 200um, and is then dry in the drying box of 110 ℃, makes anode strip.
Step 3, the reprocessing of anode strip: the anode strip that step 2 is made is placed in softening processing of secondary baking of carrying out 40min under the nitrogen environment of 250 ℃, then through colding pressing and itemize after complete the making of anode strip.
Embodiment 3, the manufacture method of a kind of lithium ion battery anode strip that the present embodiment provides, comprise the following steps: step 1, the preparation of anode slurry: anode active material silicon-carbon alloy, water-based thickener potassium carboxymethylcellulose, aqueous adhesive styrene-acrylic latex and carbon nano-tube are added to the water according to mass ratio 94:1.5:3:1.5, make anode slurry after stirring.
Step 2, the making of anode strip: the anode slurry that step 1 is made is coated on the anode collector Copper Foil equably, and coating thickness is 50um, and is then dry in the drying box of 90 ℃, makes anode strip.
Step 3, the reprocessing of anode strip: the anode strip that step 2 is made is placed in softening processing of secondary baking of carrying out 50min under the nitrogen environment of 350 ℃, then through colding pressing and itemize after complete the making of anode strip.
Embodiment 4, the manufacture method of a kind of lithium ion battery anode strip that the present embodiment provides, comprise the following steps: step 1, the preparation of anode slurry: anode active material gun-metal, water-based thickener hydroxyethylcellulose, aqueous adhesive organic silicon emulsion and Graphene are added to the water according to mass ratio 90:1.5:6:2.5, make anode slurry after stirring.
Step 2, the making of anode strip: the anode slurry that step 1 is made is coated on the anode collector Copper Foil equably, and coating thickness is 150um, and is then dry in the drying box of 80 ℃, then makes anode strip through after colding pressing.
Step 3, the reprocessing of anode strip: the anode strip that step 2 is made is placed in softening processing of secondary baking of carrying out 50min under the ar gas environment of 275 ℃, completes the making of anode strip after itemize.
Embodiment 5, the manufacture method of a kind of lithium ion battery anode strip that the present embodiment provides, comprise the following steps: step 1, the preparation of anode slurry: anode active material MCMB, water-based thickener sodium alginate, aqueous adhesive polyaminoester emulsion and carbon fiber are added to the water according to mass ratio 88:1:8:3, make anode slurry after stirring.
Step 2, the making of anode strip: the anode slurry that step 1 is made is coated on the anode collector Copper Foil equably, and coating thickness is 300um, and is then dry in the drying box of 60 ℃, then through colding pressing, making anode strip after itemize.
Step 3, the reprocessing of anode strip: the anode strip that step 2 is made is placed in softening processing of secondary baking of carrying out 1min under the ar gas environment of 450 ℃, completes the making of anode strip.
Embodiment 6, the manufacture method of a kind of lithium ion battery anode strip that the present embodiment provides, comprise the following steps: step 1, the preparation of anode slurry: mixture (mass ratio both is 1:1), the aqueous adhesive styrene-butadiene latex of mixture (mass ratio both is 1:1), water-based thickener sodium alginate and the sodium carboxymethylcellulose of anode active material native graphite and Delanium are added to the water according to mass ratio 98:1:1, make anode slurry after stirring.
Step 2, the making of anode strip: the anode slurry that step 1 is made is coated on the anode collector Copper Foil equably, and coating thickness is 400um, and is then dry in the drying box of 70 ℃, then through colding pressing, making anode strip after itemize.
Step 3, the reprocessing of anode strip: the anode strip that step 2 is made is placed in softening processing of secondary baking of carrying out 5min under the ar gas environment of 425 ℃, completes the making of anode strip.
embodiment 7, the manufacture method of a kind of lithium ion battery anode strip that the present embodiment provides, comprise the following steps: step 1, the preparation of anode slurry: with the mixture (mass ratio both is 1:5) of anode active material MCMB and Delanium, the water-based thickener sodium carboxymethylcellulose, the mixture of aqueous adhesive styrene-butadiene latex and pure the third latex (mass ratio both is 1:2) and conductive agent (mixture of superconduction carbon and acetylene black (mass ratio both is 3:1)) are added to the water according to mass ratio 85:2:10:3, make anode slurry after stirring.
Step 2, the making of anode strip: the anode slurry that step 1 is made is coated on the anode collector Copper Foil equably, and coating thickness is 250um, and is then dry in the drying box of 120 ℃, then through colding pressing, making anode strip after itemize.
Step 3, the reprocessing of anode strip: the anode strip that step 2 is made is placed in softening processing of secondary baking of carrying out 15min under the nitrogen environment of 375 ℃, completes the making of anode strip.
Embodiment 8, the manufacture method of a kind of lithium ion battery anode strip that the present embodiment provides, comprise the following steps: step 1, the preparation of anode slurry: mixture (mass ratio both is 1:5), water-based thickener sodium alginate, pure the third latex of aqueous adhesive and the conductive agent (mixture of acetylene black and Graphene (mass ratio both is 4:1)) of anode active material silicon-carbon alloy and Delanium are added to the water according to mass ratio 95:1.5:1.5:2, make anode slurry after stirring.
Step 2, the making of anode strip: the anode slurry that step 1 is made is coated on the anode collector Copper Foil equably, and coating thickness is 125um, and is then dry in the drying box of 80 ℃, then makes anode strip through after colding pressing.
Step 3, the reprocessing of anode strip: the anode strip that step 2 is made is placed in softening processing of secondary baking of carrying out 25min under the nitrogen environment of 325 ℃, completes the making of anode strip after itemize.
Comparative Examples 1, the manufacture method of a kind of lithium ion battery anode strip that this Comparative Examples provides, comprise the following steps: step 1, the preparation of anode slurry: anode active material native graphite, water-based thickener sodium carboxymethylcellulose, aqueous adhesive styrene-butadiene latex and superconduction carbon are added to the water according to mass ratio 96:1:1:2, make anode slurry after stirring.
Step 2, the making of anode strip: anode slurry is coated on the anode collector Copper Foil equably, and coating thickness is 100um, and is then dry in the drying box of 100 ℃, then makes anode strip through colding pressing with itemize.
The anode strip that the method that adopts embodiment 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 is prepared carries out the cohesive force test: the anode strip of getting the method preparation of adopting embodiment 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1, be cut into the rectangle small pieces of 20mm * 10cm size, use the wide two-sided gluing of 20mm on the corrosion resistant plate of cleaning.Adopt the peeling force of 180 ° of puller system test pole pieces, the puller system draw speed is 50mm/min, and acquired results is shown in table 1.
The anode strip that the method that adopts embodiment 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 is prepared carries out the absorbent test: the anode strip of getting the method preparation of adopting embodiment 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1, be cut into the sequin that diameter is 20mm, then 0.5 milligram of electrolyte is dropped to the surface of each anode strip, record the time of each anode strip of electrolyte drops complete wetting with stopwatch, acquired results is shown in table 1.
In addition, the anode strip that the method that adopts embodiment 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 is prepared carries out the membrane resistance test, and acquired results is shown in table 1.
Table 1: cohesive force, absorbent and the membrane resistance test result of the anode strip of the method preparation of employing embodiment 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1.
Figure 501245DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
As shown in Table 1: although adopt the caking property of the anode strip of method of the present invention preparation slightly to reduce, still apparently higher than the process requirements of 4N/m.And, adopt the imbibition ability of the anode strip of method preparation of the present invention obviously to promote.In addition, adopt the also decrease to some degree of membrane resistance of the anode strip of method preparation of the present invention.
To adopt the anode strip of the method preparation of embodiment 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to be assembled into flexible packing lithium ion battery with cathode sheets, barrier film and electrolyte respectively, and be numbered according to this S1-S8 and D1.Then the battery that is numbered S1-S8 and D1 is carried out following test: (1) ac impedance measurement: the battery of selecting to be numbered S1 and D1, and introduce lithium metal as reference electrode between the anode and cathode of battery, test changes into the ac impedance spectroscopy of rear galvanic anode and reference electrode, the results are shown in Figure 1.The AC impedance that the presentation of results of Fig. 1 is numbered the battery of S1 is starkly lower than the battery that is numbered D1.
(2) discharge capacity test: the battery that is numbered S1-S8 and D1 is carried out the discharge capacity test, under 25 ℃, with the charging of 0.7C multiplying power, then respectively at 25 ℃, 45 ℃, 0 ℃, under-10 ℃ to the multiplying power discharging of each battery with 0.5C, and electric discharge capacity.Acquired results sees Table 2.
Table 2: the discharge capacity test result of battery under different temperatures that is numbered S1-S8 and D1.
Figure 814545DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
As shown in Table 2, the discharge capacity that comprises under the normal temperature of lithium ion battery (being numbered S1-S8) of the anode strip that adopts method preparation of the present invention and 45 ℃ is basically identical with the lithium ion battery that is numbered D1, but the cryogenic property (10 ℃ and 0 ℃) that is numbered the battery of S1-S8 obviously is better than being numbered the battery of D1, and this shows that the present invention can improve the cryogenic property of battery.
(3) circulating battery expansion rate test: the battery that is numbered S1-S8 and D1 is carried out the test of circulating battery expansion rate: before circulating battery, adopting the height gage test voltage is the thickness of the battery of 3.8V, is denoted as the battery original thickness.Then under 45 ℃ of conditions, with 0.7 multiplying power charging, the 0.5C multiplying power discharging carries out loop test, in cyclic process, and the thickness of test battery after after the 50th, 100,200,300 and 400 circulation, battery completely is charged to 4.2V, and the circulation expansion rate of calculating battery.
Circulating battery expansion rate=(4.2V cell thickness/3.8V battery original thickness-1) * 100%, acquired results sees Table 3.
As shown in Table 3: under the same loop number of times, the expansion rate that is numbered the battery of S1-S8 is significantly less than the battery that is numbered D1, and this shows that the present invention can reduce the circulation expansion rate of battery.
Table 3: be numbered the circulation expansion rate after the different cycle-indexes of process of battery of S1-S8 and D1.
Figure 172846DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
(4) cycle performance test: to the battery that is numbered S1-S8 and D1 under 45 ℃ with 0.7 multiplying power charging, after 0.5C multiplying power discharging circulation 200 times and 400 times, calculate the capability retention of each battery, acquired results sees Table 4.
Table 4: be numbered the capability retention after the different cycle-indexes of process of battery of S1-S8 and D1.
As can be seen from Table 4: the capability retention of the battery that is numbered S1-S8 after circulation 200 times and 400 times be all higher than the battery that is numbered D1, and the capability retention of the battery that is numbered S1-S8 after circulating for 400 times still remains on more than 88%.This shows, the present invention can improve security performance and the cycle life of lithium ion battery.
Need to prove, the announcement of book and elaboration according to the above description, those skilled in the art in the invention can also change and revise above-mentioned execution mode.Therefore, the embodiment that discloses and describe above the present invention is not limited to also should be in the protection range of claim of the present invention to equivalent modifications more of the present invention and change.In addition, although used some specific terms in this specification, these terms do not consist of any restriction to the present invention just for convenience of description.

Claims (10)

1. the manufacture method of a lithium ion battery anode strip, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, the preparation of anode slurry: with anode active material, water-based thickener, aqueous adhesive and conductive agent according to mass ratio (85~98): (1~2): (1~10): (0~3) is added to the water, and makes anode slurry after stirring;
Step 2, the making of anode strip: the anode slurry that step 1 is made is coated on anode collector equably, and coating thickness is 50~400um, and is then dry in the drying box of 60~120 ℃, makes anode strip;
Step 3, the reprocessing of anode strip: the anode strip that step 2 is made is placed in and carries out under the environment of 250~450 ℃ that secondary baking is softening to be processed, and completes the making of anode strip.
2. the manufacture method of lithium ion battery anode strip according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the decomposition temperature of described water-based thickener is less than or equal to 450 ℃.
3. the manufacture method of lithium ion battery anode strip according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described water-based thickener is at least a in sodium carboxymethylcellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose lithium, potassium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose and sodium alginate.
4. the manufacture method of lithium ion battery anode strip according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the fusing point of described aqueous binders is higher than 450 ℃.
5. the manufacture method of lithium ion battery anode strip according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described aqueous binders is at least a in styrene-butadiene latex, pure the third latex, styrene-acrylic latex, organic silicon emulsion and polyaminoester emulsion.
6. the manufacture method of lithium ion battery anode strip according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described anode active material is at least a in native graphite, Delanium, MCMB, silicon alloy and ashbury metal, and described conductive agent is at least a in superconduction carbon, acetylene black, carbon nano-tube, Graphene and carbon fiber.
7. the manufacture method of lithium ion battery anode strip according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in step 3, the softening time of processing of described secondary baking is 1~60min.
8. the manufacture method of lithium ion battery anode strip according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: in step 3, the reprocessing of described anode strip is carried out in atmosphere of inert gases.
9. the manufacture method of lithium ion battery anode strip according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: described inert gas is nitrogen or argon gas.
10. the manufacture method of lithium ion battery anode strip according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: before carrying out step 3, the anode strip that first step 2 is obtained carries out cold pressing treatment.
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US10256462B2 (en) * 2016-04-22 2019-04-09 Lg Chem, Ltd. Negative electrode for secondary battery comprising CMC-Li salt and lithium secondary battery comprising the same
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CN114583094A (en) * 2020-11-30 2022-06-03 力神(青岛)新能源有限公司 Lithium ion battery capable of improving low-temperature performance and preparation method thereof
CN115552658A (en) * 2021-11-15 2022-12-30 宁德新能源科技有限公司 Electrode, method of manufacturing the same, electrochemical device, and electronic device

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