CN103176196B - A kind of method of reseptance of interoperation receiver - Google Patents

A kind of method of reseptance of interoperation receiver Download PDF

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CN103176196B
CN103176196B CN201310068157.3A CN201310068157A CN103176196B CN 103176196 B CN103176196 B CN 103176196B CN 201310068157 A CN201310068157 A CN 201310068157A CN 103176196 B CN103176196 B CN 103176196B
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receiver
frequency
interoperation
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CN103176196A (en
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王可东
薛清宇
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Guangzhou symphysis teaching equipment Co., Ltd
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Beihang University
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of method of reseptance of interoperation receiver, the method is applied to and a kind ofly can receives simultaneously and process multiple navigation satellites signal and in the compatible interoperation software receiver that still can normally work when only receiving a navigation satellites signal, it comprises: first use independent hardware resource to carry out the radio frequency reception of satellite navigation signals; Secondly the preliminary judgement of signal is carried out by software receiver; Passage is selected to received signal again; Finally carry out navigator fix to resolve.The present invention gives full play to the flexibility characteristics of interoperation receiver, accomplishes the maximization of interoperability receiving function.

Description

A kind of method of reseptance of interoperation receiver
Technical field
The present invention relates to interoperability reception technique field, be specifically related to a kind of receiving method of interoperation receiver.
Background technology
So-called compatible interoperation refers to the mutual utilization of navigation information between multiple satellite navigation system, a navigation terminal can receive simultaneously and utilize the signal of multiple satellite navigation system, thus reach the object improving navigation performance, still can normally work when receiving a navigational system signal separately simultaneously.Correspondence, the navigation terminal having such ability is just referred to as interoperation receiver.At present, the GNSS project that the whole world is being planned or implemented mainly comprises the GPS modernization of the U.S., the Galileo of European Union plans, Muscovite GLONASS is revived and the dipper system of modernization and China, can predict, in the near future, brand-new GNSS system will become the first-selection of whole world navigation.For general user, the satellite-signal of multiple system can be followed the tracks of, be equivalent to the satellite-signal obtaining redundancy, thus integrity and the continuity of signal can be ensured, improve system navigate performance.
Interoperation receiver all has inborn advantage in many aspects, and as the satellite-signal owing to accepting multiple system, therefore corresponding DOP value just can reduce, and is conducive to improving navigation and positioning accuracy; Can the number of satellite of Received signal strength many, the redundance of information increases, the capability improving of corresponding receiver anti-deceptive interference, and autonomous integrity detectability strengthens simultaneously; Under the application conditions of some extreme terrains, greatly can improve the availability of satellite navigation, etc.
Along with the development of bridging technology, many countries all start to study for interoperability reception technique, and the interoperation receiver wherein starting from American-European GPS and Galileo system the earliest has obtained certain progress.But still Shortcomings in some aspects, have much room for improvement in other words:
(1) defining of compatible interoperation receiver, is considered, can receive multiple system-satellite signal at receiver carries out while navigator fix resolves simultaneously, guarantee that the extra manufacturing cost of reception and structural complexity minimize, namely have when receiver receives separately the satellite-signal of a system and minimize structure.Therefore, existing reception technique is too complicated, and the utilization factor of hardware is not high simultaneously;
(2), when receiver processes multiple satellite navigation system signals simultaneously time, the operation such as the judgement of said system to received signal and channel selecting is quite complicated, now, software receiver can be played upgrade flexibly and the advantage such as selectivity is strong at algorithm, namely as far as possible few hardware configuration is selected, accomplish the maximization of software configuration simultaneously, signal processing as much as possible is put in software and operates.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to: the method for reseptance that a kind of interoperation receiver is provided, the method is applied to and a kind ofly can receives simultaneously and process multiple navigation satellites signal and in the compatible interoperation software receiver that still can normally work when only receiving a navigation satellites signal, this invention comprises: first use independent hardware resource to carry out the radio frequency reception of satellite navigation signals; Secondly the preliminary judgement of signal is carried out by software receiver; Passage is selected to received signal again; Finally carry out navigator fix to resolve.The present invention gives full play to the flexibility characteristics of interoperation receiver, accomplishes the maximization of interoperation receiver function.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of method of reseptance of interoperation receiver, the method makes interoperation receiver can be operated in single satellite system individual reception and multiple satellite system compatible interoperation receives two kinds of duties, and meanwhile, use same set of hardware device.When being operated in single satellite system individual reception state, be similar to common receiver, signal through down coversion, mixing, sample, catch, the step such as tracking, finally carry out navigator fix and resolve.When operation of receiver is in multiple satellite navigation system interoperability state, be correspondingly divided into following signal transacting step: (a) real space satellite RF Signal reception; The radio frequency adjustment of (b) signal; C () carries out the first order and second level down-converted, obtain the intermediate-freuqncy signal of several satellite-signals mixing; D () adopts identical bandpass filter and controllable gain amplifier to process intermediate-freuqncy signal, the intermediate-freuqncy signal remaining the mixing of multiple system signal obtained; E () uses the intermediate-freuqncy signal of same analog to digital converter to simulation to carry out digitized sampling, obtain the baseband digital signal of several system signals mixing, send into software processing module; F () judges the navigational satellite system belonging to the signal in software treatment channel; G () subchannel independent processing one road signal, carries out the operations such as acquisition and tracking; H () selects the measured value of effective passage, and carry out optimum combination, carries out navigator fix and resolves.
Further, described receiver is a kind of GNSS interoperation receiver, uses single radio-frequency front-end to receive the satellite-signal of multiple system simultaneously, wherein may comprise GPS, Galileo, GLONASS and dipper system.
Further, described GNSS interoperation receiver adopts classification mixing strategy, comprises first order down coversion and second level down coversion.The local oscillator used in corresponding down coversion mixing has fixing output frequency, wherein: what select during the mixing of first order down coversion is the local carrier frequency of 1582.581MHz, what select during the down coversion mixing of the second level is the local carrier frequency of 13.299MHz.
Further, the signal of each system, after frequency conversion, is all down-converted to the intermediate-freuqncy signal of below 10MHz by the radiofrequency signal that described GNSS interoperation receiver receives.
Further, the mixing intermediate-freuqncy signal of described GNSS interoperation receiver is together sent into software receiver part and is carried out base band signal process after A/D converter, wherein, GPS, Galileo, GLONASS and dipper system signal may be comprised in baseband signal.
Further, described GNSS interoperation receiver adopts same set of hardware device to receive the satellite-signal of each system and process simultaneously, wherein at least comprises GPS, Galileo, GLONASS and dipper system signal.Corresponding wave filter, the input-output characteristic of local oscillator is all fixing.
Further, the software processing part of described GNSS interoperation receiver comprises the judgement to system contained in baseband signal, the combination of channel selecting and measuring value and utilization.
The present invention's advantage is compared with prior art:
(1), the present invention uses the satellite-signal of minimum hardware configuration to multisystem to receive and process, and corresponding hardware cost is low, hardware configuration is simple;
(2), the separating treatment of multisystem signal of the present invention carries out in software configuration, and therefore the algorithm of receiver upgrades easier, and dirigibility is stronger;
(3), invention increases channel selecting and combination of measurements module, providing possibility for improving receiver positioning precision.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is receiver basic structure block diagram;
Fig. 2 is receiver hardware components structure;
Fig. 3 is Receiver Software channel architecture;
Fig. 4 is the signal processing structure block diagram of software channel;
Fig. 5 is the basic block scheme of GPS software receiver track loop;
Fig. 6 is that Measurement channel chooses flow process.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Reanalyse the definition of interoperation receiver: the signal that can receive simultaneously and utilize two or more satellite navigation system, carry out navigator fix to resolve, normally can work when a reception system signal, performance boost to a certain degree when receiving multiple system signal, can be obtained.Consider that receiver is merely able to normal work when receiving single satellite navigation system signals, corresponding hardware design should be as far as possible easy, namely RF front-end part should be as far as possible similar or slightly different from common triangular web receiver, thus reduce taking of unnecessary infrastructure resource; On the other hand, different for different system signal carrier frequency range, signal madulation mode different, the requirement not in the structure function brought of equivalent properties of navigation message and spreading code structure, should play as far as possible software definition receiver use dirigibility, and while not changing hardware design can implementation algorithm reconstruct potential advantages.
Can be obtained by above analysis, receiver should mainly comprise hardware components and software section.Wherein, hardware components can be divided into again antenna part, radio-frequency front-end and analog to digital conversion part.As shown in Figure 1, the fundamental block diagram of software receiver:
Wherein, the satellite navigation simulating signal that antenna receives, by the radio-frequency front-end of example, in hardware, be converted to intermediate-freuqncy signal, again by analog-to-digital conversion device, after sampling, become the baseband signal of numeral, and catch accordingly, follow the tracks of, subframe identification, ephemeris and pseudorange resolves, satellite position calculation and receiver location resolve etc. that process is all realized by software.
Consider that antenna used herein and radio-frequency front-end need to possess the ability receiving simultaneously and process multiple navigation satellites signals, therefore hardware components should design as follows, as shown in Figure 2:
In order to process the 1559.052-1563.144MHz frequency band signals at least comprising GPS1574.42-1576.42MHzL1 frequency band signals, Galileo1573.42-1577.42MHz frequency band signals, GLONASS1597.62-1605.62MHz frequency band signals and the Big Dipper simultaneously, the bandpass filter of radiofrequency signal adjustment member should be at least the passband of 1559-1606MHz, and corresponding amplifier is then basic similar to common receiver.
As for the down coversion part of key, local oscillator 1 in suggestion first order down coversion optical mixing process produces the local carrier of the frequency between above-mentioned frequency range, as 1582.581MHz, then for above mentioned at least 4 Satellite system signal gps signals, Galileo signal, GLONASS signal and dipper system signal, the centre frequency of the intermediate-freuqncy signal after the mixing of first order down coversion will become in the 21.483MHz frequency band of GPS7.161MHz, Galileo7.161MHz, GLONASS15.039-23.039MHz and the Big Dipper respectively.Local oscillator 2 in the down coversion optical mixing process of the second level produces the local carrier of frequency between above-mentioned intermediate-frequency band, 13.299MHz can be selected herein, then after the down coversion mixing of the second level, the centre frequency of intermediate-freuqncy signal now will become GPS6.138MHz, Galileo6.138MHz, GLONASS1.74-9.74MHz and Big Dipper 8.184MHz.As mentioned above, after twice down coversion mixing, each system signal contained all can be transformed in the intermediate-frequency band of 6-10MHz, can reduce the performance requirement to image-reject filter before mixing thus on the one hand, the filtering after can making mixing on the other hand, amplification and sampling functions become easy realization.
Then different navigational system signals can be carried out identical process for the follow-up filtering for intermediate-freuqncy signal and amplifieroperation, until analog to digital conversion part, same sample frequency can be used to process the signal of each system simultaneously, and really the signal subchannel of each system is carried out the operations such as decoding, carry out in last software section, thus accomplish software to maximize, give full play to software configuration and change feature flexibly., can find out meanwhile, now for the navigation work of triangular web completely without any impact, work independently for gps signal, as follows when working independently: the signal after the adjustment of hypothesis radio frequency is:
s(t)=Ax(t-τ)D(t-τ)sin(2π(f 1+f d)t+θ)
The signal that local oscillator produces is:
s LO1(t)=A LO1sin(2πf LO1t+θ LO1)
F lO1for 1582.581MHz, after first order frequency mixer, signal is:
s mix1(t)=s(t)*s LO1(t)=Ax(t-τ)D(t-τ)sin(2π(f 1+f d)t+θ)A LO1sin(2πf LO1t+θ LO1)
Through wave filter after mixing, hypothesis does not temporarily consider Doppler shift again, then the intermediate-freuqncy signal simulated is:
s IF1(t)=A IF1x(t-τ)D(t-τ)sin(-2π(f IF1)t+θ IF1)
Wherein, f iF1be 7.161MHz.Negative sign before IF-FRE can think the time domain representation of bilateral frequency, puts upside down before also can mentioning as the positive and negative of whole signal, can be undertaken identifying and revising by the Software for Design in later stage.
After the frequency mixer of the second level, signal is:
s mix2(t)=s IF1(t)*s LO2(t)=A IF1x(t-τ)D(t-τ)sin(-2π(f IF1)t+θ IF1)A LO2sin(2πf LO2t+θ LO2)
Through wave filter after mixing, hypothesis does not temporarily consider Doppler shift again, then the intermediate-freuqncy signal simulated is:
s IF2(t)=A IF2x(t-τ)D(t-τ)sin(2π(f IF2)t+θ IF2)
Wherein, f iF2being 6.138MHz, is the intermediate frequency output frequency of whole down coversion frequency mixing module.
Subsequently, intermediate-freuqncy signal, by being carried out the digitized sampling of simulating signal by intrinsic analog to digital converter, considers the constraint of Shannon's sampling theorem, and IF signal frequency is now no more than 10MHz, and the requirement for A/D converter is not very high.
Thus, can see, according to this design, not only can simplify hardware configuration when triangular web work as far as possible, the performance that interoperability receives can be ensured again simultaneously.As for, really by the process of each system signal separating treatment, undertaken in the base band signal process of software.Its software multi-passage design is as follows:
Only list three passages in Fig. 3, but should at least comprise 8 paths in practical application.
Wherein, will independently signal transacting be carried out in each signalling channel, comprise: the judgement of satellite navigation system belonging to signal, the acquisition and tracking of satellite-signal, the pseudorange amount measuring an independent satellite and corresponding signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) and carrier-to-noise ratio.Corresponding software architecture diagram is as follows:
As shown in Figure 4, the deterministic process of signal said system is similar to slightly catching of gps signal, or be called the pre-capture of signal, namely the exclusive signal capture identifying operation of various navigational system is carried out to the intermediate-freuqncy signal of numeral, as slightly the catching of CDMA C/A code of GPS, the correlated results of catching exceedes the words of default threshold value, then the signal of corresponding system respective satellite is judged as existence, then this passage carries out the operations such as follow-up tracking and pseudo range measurement as the proprietary passage of this signal, if do not reach default threshold value, continues search.But, be different from traditional single satellite system signal receiver, this is in after the mixed signal determining to receive contains the signal of a certain of GPS or several satellites, still search is proceeded, namely Galileo satellite-signal, the signal of GLONASS satellite and Big Dipper satellite signal is searched at least successively, if the correlated results obtained exceedes default threshold value equally, be designated as the signal containing this this satellite of system equally.
Wherein, the gps signal processing module at least comprised, Galileo signal processing module, GLONASS signal processing module and Big Dipper signal processing module are the software section after modularized processing, directly can call after signal said system judges, the signal judged is processed, realizes with this function being similar to hardware reconstruction.
To judge that signal is as GPS star signal, corresponding signal processing comprises signal capture, code tracking, carrier track and navigation data and extracts, and finally carries out the calculating of pseudorange.Wherein, the acquisition procedure of signal can be divided into the various ways such as serial search, parallel search, does not describe in detail at this.And wherein have the tracking of loop can as shown in Figure 5:
After each passage obtains the measured value of oneself, measured value is backward transferred to select module to select again, the measured value picking out optimal channel participates in navigator fix and resolves, the standard selected comprises the signal carrier-to-noise ratio of respective passage and the measuring accuracy of pre-estimation, and the geometric dilution of precision after each passage institute tracking satellite combination:
(1) measured value signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) being exceeded the passage of predetermined threshold value is designated as effective lane measurement;
(2) pre-estimation measurement error value in effective passage is designated as available channel lower than the passage of predetermined threshold value, and the satellite position together record that available channel is followed the tracks of, for the criterion that passage in final navigator fix solution process is chosen;
(3) combining being designated as the satellite position that available passage follows the tracks of, for the relative receiver angle of sight comparatively close certain two or more satellite, judging the geometric dilution of precision change in various combination situation;
(4) measured value of finally selected passage is carried out Kalman filtering, participate in navigator fix and resolve.
Concrete execution flow process is as shown in Figure 6:
Note, pre-determined threshold mentioned in above-mentioned (1), (2) can set according to different application conditions and situation, time as less in relative satellites in view number, suitably can reduce the thresholding of signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), carrier-to-noise ratio, pre-estimation measuring error is allowed in suitable raising; And when relative satellites in view quantity is more, then raising signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), carrier-to-noise ratio thresholding that can be suitable, and reduce allowable error thresholding.But must the most basic allowable value be fixed simultaneously.
The receiver of contrast and existing single navigational system, triangular web can work alone to adopt the reception technique of the interoperation receiver of above-mentioned proposition to ensure, has the ability of multisystem interoperability simultaneously, as the change on receiver cost as table 1:
Table 1 interoperation receiver cost changes
The part that the present invention does not elaborate belongs to techniques well known.

Claims (1)

1. the method for reseptance of an interoperation receiver, it is characterized in that, the method is applied to and a kind ofly can receives simultaneously and process multiple navigation satellites signal and in the compatible interoperation software receiver that still can normally work when only receiving a navigation satellites signal, the method comprises: first use independent hardware resource to carry out the radio frequency reception of satellite navigation signals; Secondly the preliminary judgement of signal is carried out by software receiver; Passage is selected to received signal again; Finally carry out navigator fix to resolve; The method gives full play to the flexibility characteristics of interoperation receiver, accomplishes the maximization of interoperation receiver function; The method makes interoperation receiver can be operated in single satellite system individual reception and multiple satellite system compatible interoperation receives two kinds of duties, and simultaneously, use same set of hardware device, when being operated in single satellite system individual reception state, its function is equivalent to common receiver, signal, through down coversion, mixing, the step of sampling, catching, following the tracks of, finally carries out navigator fix and resolves; When operation of receiver is in multiple satellite navigation system interoperability state, be correspondingly divided into following signal transacting step: (a) real space satellite RF Signal reception; The radio frequency adjustment of (b) signal; C () carries out the first order and second level down-converted, obtain the intermediate-freuqncy signal of several satellite-signals mixing; D () adopts identical bandpass filter and controllable gain amplifier to process intermediate-freuqncy signal, the intermediate-freuqncy signal remaining the mixing of multiple system signal obtained; E () uses the intermediate-freuqncy signal of same analog to digital converter to simulation to carry out digitized sampling, obtain the baseband digital signal of several system signals mixing, send into software processing module; F () judges the navigational satellite system belonging to the signal in software treatment channel; G () subchannel independent processing one road signal, carries out the operations such as acquisition and tracking; H () selects the measured value of effective passage, and carry out optimum combination, carries out navigator fix and resolves;
Described receiver is a kind of GNSS interoperation receiver, uses single radio-frequency front-end to receive the satellite-signal of multiple system, comprising GPS, Galileo, GLONASS and dipper system simultaneously;
Described GNSS interoperation receiver adopts classification mixing strategy, comprises first order down coversion and second level down coversion; The local oscillator used in corresponding down coversion mixing has fixing output frequency, wherein: what select during the mixing of first order down coversion is the local carrier frequency of 1582.581MHz, what select during the down coversion mixing of the second level is the local carrier frequency of 13.299MHz;
The signal of each system, after frequency conversion, is all down-converted to the intermediate-freuqncy signal of below 10MHz by the radiofrequency signal that described GNSS interoperation receiver receives;
The mixing intermediate-freuqncy signal of described GNSS interoperation receiver is together sent into software receiver part and is carried out base band signal process after A/D converter, and wherein, baseband signal comprises GPS, Galileo, GLONASS and dipper system signal;
Described GNSS interoperation receiver adopts same set of hardware device to receive the satellite-signal of each system and process simultaneously, wherein at least comprises GPS, Galileo, GLONASS and dipper system signal; Corresponding wave filter, the input-output characteristic of local oscillator is all fixing;
The software processing part of described GNSS interoperation receiver comprises the judgement to system contained in baseband signal, the combination of channel selecting and measuring value and utilization;
Concrete, then different navigational system signals can be carried out identical process for the follow-up filtering for intermediate-freuqncy signal and amplifieroperation, until analog to digital conversion part, use same sample frequency to process the signal of each system simultaneously, and really the signal subchannel of each system is carried out the operations such as decoding, be carry out in last software section, thus accomplish software to maximize, give full play to software configuration and change feature flexibly; , can find out meanwhile, now for the navigation work of triangular web completely without any impact, work independently for gps signal, as follows when working independently, signal s (t) after the adjustment of hypothesis radio frequency is:
s(t)=Ax(t-τ)D(t-τ)sin(2π(f 1+f d)t+θ)
Wherein: t is the moment of Received signal strength, A is the amplitude of signal, and x (t-τ) is ranging code signal, and τ is the code phase delay time, and D (t-τ) is navigation data signal, f 1for the L1 frequency of carrier signal of GPS, f 1=1575.42MHz, f dfor Doppler shift, θ is carrier phase;
The one-level mixed frequency signal s that local oscillator produces lO1(t) be:
s LO1(t)=A LO1sin(2πf LO1t+θ LO1)
Wherein: A lO1for the amplitude of one-level mixed frequency signal, f lO1for the frequency of one-level mixed frequency signal, θ lO1for the phase place of one-level mixed frequency signal, if f lO1for 1582.581MHz, signal s after first order frequency mixer mix1(t) be:
s mix1(t)=s(t)s LO1(t)
=Ax(t-τ)D(t-τ)sin[2π(f 1+f d)t+θ]A LO1sin(2πf LO1t+θ LO1)
Through wave filter after mixing, hypothesis does not temporarily consider Doppler shift, then the intermediate-freuqncy signal s simulated again iF1(t) be:
s IF1(t)=A IF1x(t-τ)D(t-τ)sin(-2πf IF1t+θ IF1)
Wherein: A iF1for intermediate-freuqncy signal amplitude, f iF1for IF signal frequency, be 7.161MHz, θ iF1for intermediate-freuqncy signal phase place, the negative sign before IF-FRE thinks the time domain representation of bilateral frequency, or puts upside down as the positive and negative of whole signal before mentioning, and is undertaken identifying and revising by the Software for Design in later stage;
Signal s after the frequency mixer of the second level mix2(t) be:
s mix2(t)=s IF1(t)s LO2(t)
=A IF1x(t-τ)D(t-τ)sin(-2πf IF1t+θ IF1)A LO2sin(2πf LO2t+θ LO2)
Wherein: s lO2t () is the local secondary mixed frequency signal produced, A lO2for secondary mixed frequency signal amplitude, f lO2for secondary mixed frequency signal frequency, be 13.299MHz, θ lO2for secondary mixed frequency signal phase place, through wave filter after mixing, hypothesis does not temporarily consider Doppler shift, then the intermediate-freuqncy signal s simulated again iF2(t) be:
s IF2(t)=A IF2x(t-τ)D(t-τ)sin(2πf IF2t+θ IF2)
Wherein: A iF2for intermediate-freuqncy signal amplitude, f iF2for IF signal frequency, being 6.138MHz, is the intermediate frequency output frequency of whole down coversion frequency mixing module, θ iF2for the phase place of intermediate-freuqncy signal.
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CN108318033A (en) * 2017-12-28 2018-07-24 和芯星通(上海)科技有限公司 Pedestrian navigation method and system, electronic equipment and storage medium
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