CN103176080A - Superconducting magnet quenching protection scheme verification system and method - Google Patents
Superconducting magnet quenching protection scheme verification system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103176080A CN103176080A CN2013100549616A CN201310054961A CN103176080A CN 103176080 A CN103176080 A CN 103176080A CN 2013100549616 A CN2013100549616 A CN 2013100549616A CN 201310054961 A CN201310054961 A CN 201310054961A CN 103176080 A CN103176080 A CN 103176080A
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Abstract
Disclosed are superconducting magnet quenching protection scheme verification system and method. The superconducting magnet quenching protection scheme verification system comprises a verification device and a signal detecting system. The signal detecting system is connected with the verification device, detects and acquires voltage and temperature signals of superconducting coils (2) of the verification device through an internal coil thermometer (6), an external coil thermometer (7) and heater protecting and detecting probes (8 and 8') and transmits the voltage and temperature signals to a data acquiring device (10) to process through a measuring lead (9). The verification device simulates electromagnetic property of a superconducting magnet to be verified, has similar geometric structure and same quenching protection schemes as the superconducting magnet to be verified. By triggering trigger heating strips (4) attached on the superconducting coils (2), each superconducting coil is triggered to be the coil quenched for the first, and accordingly, feasibility of quenching protection schemes when any one of the superconducting coils is quenched is verified.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Authentication devices and verification method thereof of superconducting magnet quench protection technical scheme.
Background technology
The superconducting magnet technology is as the 21 century emerging technology, and it is widely used, and is all bringing into play increasing effect in fields such as national economy, scientific experiment, defence and militaries, and its industry size is also increasing.
Superconducting magnet need to operate under very low temperature, only has and has satisfied certain temperature and magnetic field condition, and superconducting magnet could deliver large electric current and work.When superconducting magnet is worked, can unavoidablely be subject to extraneous interference, leak heat as vibrations, electromagnetic radiation, system, if the energy of these interference is excessive, will make superconducting magnet can't satisfy required temperature or magnetic field condition, superconductor loses superconductivity and becomes normal resistance, i.e. quench.When the superconducting magnet quench, a large amount of electromagnetic energy of its internal reservoir will be converted into ohm heat rapidly, this process might cause the local temperature rise of superconducting magnet too high and burn out magnet, builtin voltage is too high and puncture insulation course, the too high generation overstress of couple current and destroy the characteristic of superconducting wire.For this reason, need to take certain safeguard measure when the superconducting magnet quench, within when superconducting magnet is released energy, its temperature rise, voltage, stress are in safe range, protection superconducting magnet and peripheral personnel and equipment.
Quench protection generally can adopt segment circuit and well heater to accelerate the guard methods such as quench.Segment circuit is divided into several groups with some coils of superconducting magnet, and every group of interior superconducting coil is cascaded, and at the two ends of every group protective resistance in parallel and protection diode, can reduce like this voltage in superconducting magnet quench process.It is to have certain width and thickness and the heating tape isometric with superconducting coil in surface (being generally outside surface) attaching at superconducting coil that well heater accelerates quench, when magnet quenching, the propagation of axial quench is slower, by make superconducting coil rapid quench vertically to the heating tape heating, accelerate superconducting coil in more regional quench, the energy of superconducting magnet is discharged in more volume, thereby prevents that in superconducting magnet, local temperature rise is too high.
It is a SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNET DESIGN quench protection scheme; need to determine concrete guard method and design parameter thereof; for the less superconducting magnet of energy storage; can by virtue of experience determine concrete scheme with estimation; and for the larger superconducting magnet of energy storage, need simulated program to optimize protection scheme toward contact.Yet, be no matter by virtue of experience or by simulation calculation, the infringement whether the quench protection scheme of superconducting magnet can protect superconducting magnet to avoid in the quench process still can't be confirmed.Therefore the feasibility that needs some to test to verify the quench protection scheme, and the accuracy of simulated program.
With the superconducting magnet that is developed, existing quench protection design generally rests on the simulation calculation checking to one, seldom through verifying its feasibility.Whether only Related Experimental Study generally are based upon the superconducting magnet that has prepared were once committed a fault on super basis, feasible by the quench protection scheme that the parameter analyses such as coil voltage in the quench process that detects will be designed.Yet whether the quench protection scheme effectively not only needs to know coil voltage change, need also to judge that coil temperature rise changes and protects the heating tape whether to play a role, the validity of quench protection scheme also needs to stand the test of different operating situation.And; except the superconducting magnet of some mass productions; the superconducting magnet of any one development newly developed has different geometries and wire rod parameter; the electric current and voltage that changes in the quench process may be very different; the quench protection scheme of going to analyze the superconducting magnet that will develop with other superconducting magnet quench characteristics often is difficult to estimation accurately; for the superconducting magnet of any large energy storage newly developed, also be difficult to directly do the test of sufficient quench protection scheme validity on magnet.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the validity that has superconducting magnet quench protection scheme now and lack experimental verification and the inadequate problem of checking parameter, propose a kind of verification system and verification method for checking superconducting magnet quench protection scheme.
Superconducting magnet quench protection plan-validation of the present invention system comprises demo plant and signal detection system two parts.Described demo plant is comprised of Dewar type container, a plurality of superconducting coil, insulation framework, triggering fire-bar, protection heating tape; Described signal detection system comprises that coil inside thermometer, coil external temperature meter, heater protecting detect tap, measure lead-in wire and data acquisition equipment.Described signal detection system is connected with described demo plant, is detected tap, is measured voltage and temperature signal that lead-in wire detected and gathered demo plant by coil inside thermometer, coil external temperature meter, heater protecting, delivers to data acquisition equipment and processes.The electromagnetic property of the superconducting magnet that described demo plant simulation need be verified has the quench protection scheme identical with the superconducting magnet that need be verified.
In described demo plant:
A plurality of superconducting coils are positioned in Dewar type container, are immersed in liquid helium.Described superconducting coil has akin geometry with the superconducting coil of the superconducting magnet that need be verified, but the superconducting coil volume than the superconducting magnet that need be verified is little, and verification system can imitate as much as possible the electromagnetic property that need be verified magnet and can not bring higher manufacturing cost thus.The quench protection of described demo plant generally adopts segment circuit protection and well heater to accelerate two kinds of methods of quench protection.Adopting the segment circuit guard method is that superconducting coil with superconducting magnet is divided into several groups, every group of superconducting coil that includes one or more series connection, the two ends of every group of superconducting coil protective resistance in parallel or protection diode; The segment circuit Protection Code can significantly reduce the voltage of superconducting coil.Adopt well heater acceleration quench protection method to be: the surface label at superconducting coil has the protection heating tape isometric with superconducting coil; when magnet quenching; because axially quench propagation is slower; by making the quick in the axial direction quench of superconducting coil for protection heating tape heating; to accelerate the quench of whole superconducting coil; can make like this energy of superconducting magnet be discharged into as early as possible more zone in superconducting magnet; even it is more even that the energy of superconducting magnet discharges, thereby can prevent that in superconducting magnet, local temperature rise is too high.
A plurality of superconducting coils are wound on described insulation framework, and enough gaps are arranged between a plurality of superconducting coils, reduce as far as possible thermo-contact.Because quench might propagate into another superconducting coil from a superconducting coil; in order to verify the effectiveness of protection heating tape; the proof heating tape can the trigger winding quench, so thereby the situation that needs to get rid of quench propagation between coil need to reduce the thermo-contact between coil.
Be close to coil surface in the end of each superconducting coil and be placed with one and trigger fire-bar, be used for triggering this coil as the superconducting coil of quench at first and quench.For the superconducting magnet that need are verified, because quench may occur in superconducting magnet in any one superconducting coil at first, and the first quench of different superconducting coils, the quench performance of magnet is different, therefore need to make each superconducting coil as first quench coil measurement once in demo plant, this needs each superconducting coil surface all to place the triggering fire-bar.
The outside surface of each superconducting coil is pasted with protects the heating tape, is used for accelerating vertically the quench of superconducting coil.The protection heating tape has certain width, is generally several centimetres, and certain thickness, is generally a few tenths of a mm, and isometric with the superconducting coil that attaches.The protection heating tape is made by the stainless steel material of high resistivity.
In described signal detection system:
A pair of heater protecting is surveyed the outermost two ends that tap lays respectively at described superconducting coil.At the outermost layer of each described superconducting coil, selecting continuous a few circle superconducting lines near the position of a side end is one section, is welded with a pair of heater protecting at the two ends of this section superconducting line and detects tap; In like manner a few circle superconducting lines of selecting the same number of turn in the outermost end side symmetry of this section superconducting line are another section, also are welded with a pair of heater protecting at the two ends of this section superconducting line and detect tap.By detecting two sections voltages in heater protectings detection tap, analyze well heater and whether work.Because two sections superconducting lines have the identical number of turn and how much symmetrical distributions; and protection heating tape and two sections superconducting line close proximity; if therefore the protection well heater plays a role; make the rapid in the axial direction quench of superconducting coil; the voltage signal of these two sections superconducting lines changes synchronous and to change size close, and the voltage signal of two sections superconducting lines changes asynchronous if the protection well heater does not play a role.
Described coil inside thermometer is close to the superconducting coil surface, can place on the surface of each coil a coil inside thermometer, also can only place a coil inside thermometer on the surface of some coils.Coil external temperature meter is placed on Dewar type container bottom away from the superconducting coil part.All coil inside thermometers and coil external temperature meter are connected in series.Because the environment temperature at coil external temperature meter place is constant in superconducting coil quench process, therefore can be used for compensating the impact of the electromagnetic interference (EMI) that the quench process brings to the coil inside thermometer.
The heater protecting at each superconducting coil two ends detects the measurement lead-in wire that tap is connected with measurement voltage signal; each coil inside thermometer is connected with the measurement lead-in wire of measurement voltage signal; coil external temperature meter also is connected with the measurement lead-in wire of measurement voltage signal, and all above-mentioned measurement lead-in wires all access in described data acquisition equipment.
Adopt the verification method step of superconducting magnet quench protection plan-validation of the present invention system to be: at first superconducting coil to be cooled to required low-temperature condition; charge excitation to required working current to superconducting coil again; then by the heating of switching on to the triggering fire-bar on some superconducting coils; make the first quench of this superconducting coil, this moment, other triggering fire-bars did not heat.Coil inside thermometer, coil external temperature meter, heater protecting detect voltage and the temperature signal that tap detected and gathered superconducting coil, go between by measurement and deliver to the data acquisition equipment Storage and Processing.This process is once test.Heat each time the triggering fire-bar of a superconducting coil in the test; make this superconducting coil as the coil of quench at first and quench; if described verification system has n superconducting coil; n 〉=1; need do n test, the feasibility of quench protection scheme when verifying the first quench of any one superconducting coil.
Described superconducting magnet quench protection plan-validation method can adopt the method for the repetition measurement of rising again, checking superconducting magnet quench protection scheme one of experience by low temperature to the room temperature reliability after the cold cycling of low temperature by room temperature again.
Described superconducting magnet quench protection plan-validation method can tested under logical different current conditions to described superconducting coil, with the feasibility of checking superconducting magnet quench protection scheme under the different operating electric current.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention, and in figure: 1 Dewar type container, 2 superconducting coils, 3 insulation framework, 4 trigger fire-bar, 5 and protect heating tape, 6 coil inside thermometers, 7 coil external temperature meters;
Fig. 2 is the space distribution schematic diagram that embodiment of the present invention protection heating tape and heater protecting detect tap, and in figure: 8,8 ' heater protecting detects tap, 9 and measures lead-in wire;
Fig. 3 is method of testing schematic diagram of the present invention, in figure: 10 data acquisition system (DAS)s.
Embodiment
Further illustrate the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Quench protection plan-validation of the present invention system comprises demo plant and signal detection system two parts.Described demo plant by Dewar type container 1, a plurality of superconducting coil 2, insulation framework 3, trigger fire-bar 4, protection heating tape 5 and form; Described signal detection system comprises that coil inside thermometer 6, coil external temperature meter 7, heater protecting detect tap 8,8 ', measure lead-in wire 9 and data acquisition equipment 10.Described signal detection system is connected with described demo plant; detect by coil inside thermometer 6, coil external temperature meter 7, heater protecting voltage and the temperature signal that tap 8,8 ' detected and gathered demo plant, go between by measurements and 9 deliver to the data acquisition equipment processing.The electromagnetic property of the superconducting magnet that described demo plant simulation need be verified has the geometry similar with the superconducting magnet that need be verified, and identical quench protection scheme.
Figure 1 shows that a verification system embodiment to be formed by two superconducting coils of superconducting magnet quench protection plan-validation of the present invention system.
As shown in Figure 1, in the demo plant of superconducting magnet quench protection plan-validation of the present invention system:
A plurality of superconducting coils 2 are positioned in Dewar type container 1, are immersed in liquid helium.A plurality of superconducting coils 2 are wound on described insulation framework 3, between a plurality of superconducting coils 2, enough gaps are arranged, and reduce as far as possible the thermo-contact between coil.
Be close to coil in each superconducting coil 2 ends and be placed with one and trigger fire-bar 4, be used for triggering this coil as the coil of quench at first and quench.
The outside surface of each superconducting coil 2 is pasted with protects heating tape 5, is used for accelerating vertically the quench of superconducting coil.
As shown in Figure 1, in the signal detection system of superconducting magnet quench protection plan-validation of the present invention system:
Each superconducting coil 2 surfaces all are close to and are placed a coil inside thermometer 6, place a coil external temperature meter 7 in Dewar type container 1 bottom away from the superconducting coil place, and coil inside thermometer 6 and coil external temperature meter 7 are cascaded.
Fig. 2 is that described protection heating tape 5 and heater protecting detect tap 8,8 ' space distribution schematic diagram.As shown in Figure 2, the outside surface of described superconducting coil 2 is pasted with protects heating tape 5, protects heating tape 5 for having certain width, is generally several centimetres, and certain thickness, is generally a few tenths of a mm, and isometric with the superconducting coil 2 that attaches.Protection heating tape 5 can be made by the stainless steel material of high resistivity.A pair of heater protecting is surveyed the outermost two ends that tap 8,8 ' lays respectively at described superconducting coil 2; Outermost layer at superconducting coil 2; selecting continuous a few circle superconducting lines near the position of a side end is one section; the a pair of primary heater protection of burn-oning at the two ends of this section superconducting line detects tap 8; a few circle superconducting lines of in like manner selecting the same number of turn in the outermost layer end side of superconducting coil 2 form another section, also are welded with a pair of secondary heater protection at the two ends of this section superconducting line and detect tap 8 '.
The heater protecting at each superconducting coil 2 two ends detects the measurement lead-in wire that tap is connected with measurement voltage signal; each coil inside thermometer 6 is connected with the measurement lead-in wire of measurement voltage signal; coil external temperature meter 7 also is connected with the measurement lead-in wire of measurement voltage signal, all described measurement lead-in wire 9 access data collecting devices 10.
Fig. 3 is the detection method schematic diagram of this employing superconducting magnet quench protection of the present invention plan-validation system.As shown in Figure 3, when testing, at first superconducting coil 2 is cooled to required low-temperature condition, give again superconducting coil 2 charging excitations to required working current, then by heating to triggering fire-bar 4 energisings on some superconducting coils, make the first quench of this superconducting coil, this moment, other triggering fire-bars did not heat.Coil inside thermometer 6, coil external temperature meter 7, heater protecting detect voltage and the temperature signal that tap 8,8 ' detected and gathered superconducting coil 2, go between by measurement and 9 deliver to data acquisition equipment 10 Storage and Processings.This is a test process.After this can again superconducting coil 2 be cooled to required low-temperature condition, and then give superconducting coil 2 charging excitations, test.
The verification method of described superconducting magnet quench protection plan-validation system; need independent triggering fire-bar 4 heating to each superconducting coil 2; the feasibility of quench protection scheme when verifying any one superconducting coil as first quench coil; two superconducting coils are arranged in Fig. 1 embodiment, need at least to do twice test.
The verification method of described superconducting magnet quench protection plan-validation system; can adopt the method for the repetition measurement of rising again; after completing twice above-mentioned test; treat that magnet slowly returns to room temperature (being generally several days time); then repeat testing procedure shown in Figure 3, to verify the reliability superconducting magnet quench protection scheme is got back to the cold cycling of low temperature again by room temperature to room temperature by low temperature one of experience after.
The verification method of described superconducting magnet quench protection plan-validation system pass to different electric currents can for superconducting coil 2, tests under different current situation, with the feasibility of checking superconducting magnet quench protection scheme under the different operating electric current.
By the survey data being processed and are analyzed to judge the feasibility of the quench protection scheme that need be verified superconducting magnet and the accuracy of quench simulation calculation.
Claims (10)
1. a superconducting magnet quench protection plan-validation system, is characterized in that, described superconducting magnet quench protection plan-validation system comprises demo plant and signal detection system two parts; Described demo plant is comprised of Dewar type container (1), a plurality of superconducting coil (2), insulation framework (3), triggering fire-bar (4) and protection heating tape (5); Described signal detection system comprises that coil inside thermometer (6), coil external temperature meter (7), heater protecting detect tap (8,8 '), measure lead-in wire (9) and data acquisition equipment (10); Described signal detection system is connected with described demo plant, detect by coil inside thermometer (6), coil external temperature meter (7) and heater protecting voltage and the temperature signal that tap (8,8 ') detected and gathered demo plant, by measurements go between (9) deliver to data acquisition equipment (10) processing; The electromagnetic property of the superconducting magnet that described demo plant simulation need be verified has the geometry similar with the superconducting magnet that need be verified, and identical quench protection scheme.
2. according to superconducting magnet quench protection plan-validation claimed in claim 1 system, it is characterized in that, in described demo plant, a plurality of superconducting coils (2) are positioned in Dewar type container (1), are immersed in liquid helium; A plurality of superconducting coils (2) are wound on described insulation framework (3); Be close to superconducting coil in the end of each superconducting coil (2) and be placed with a triggering fire-bar (4); The outside surface of each superconducting coil (2) is pasted with protects heating tape (5).
3. according to superconducting magnet quench protection plan-validation claimed in claim 2 system, it is characterized in that, be wound between a plurality of superconducting coils (2) on described insulation framework (3) gapped.
4. according to superconducting magnet quench protection plan-validation claimed in claim 2 system, it is characterized in that, described protection heating tape (5) is isometric with the superconducting coil (2) that attaches.
5. according to superconducting magnet quench protection plan-validation claimed in claim 1 system, it is characterized in that, in described signal detection system, a pair of heater protecting is surveyed the outermost two ends that tap (8,8 ') lays respectively at described superconducting coil (2); Coil inside thermometer (6) is close to the surface that is placed on described superconducting coil (2); The bottom that coil external temperature meter (7) is placed in Dewar type container (1) is located away from superconducting coil (2); Coil inside thermometer (6) is connected with coil external temperature meter (7); The heater protecting at each superconducting coil (2) two ends detects the measurement lead-in wire that tap (8,8 ') is connected with measurement voltage signal; each coil inside thermometer (6) is connected with the measurement lead-in wire of measurement voltage signal; coil external temperature meter (7) also is connected with the measurement lead-in wire of measurement voltage signal, all described measurement lead-in wire (9) access data collecting devices (10).
6. according to superconducting magnet quench protection plan-validation claimed in claim 5 system; it is characterized in that; the outermost layer of each described superconducting coil (2); selecting continuous a few circle superconducting lines near the position of a side end is one section; be welded with a pair of heater protecting at the two ends of this section and survey tap (8); in like manner a few circle superconducting lines of selecting the same number of turn in the outermost end side symmetry of this section superconducting line are another section, also are welded with a pair of heater protecting at the two ends of this section and survey tap (8 ').
7. adopt the verification method of superconducting magnet quench protection plan-validation claimed in claim 1 system, it is characterized in that, the step of described verification method is: when testing, at first superconducting coil (2) is cooled to required low-temperature condition, give again superconducting coil (2) charging excitation to required working current, then pass through to make the first quench of this superconducting coil to the energising of the triggering fire-bar (4) on some superconducting coils heating, this moment, other triggering fire-bars did not heat; Coil inside thermometer (6), coil external temperature meter (7), heater protecting detect voltage and the temperature signal that tap (8,8 ') detected and gathered superconducting coil (2), by measurement go between (9) deliver to data acquisition equipment (10) Storage and Processing, this is a test process; After this again superconducting coil (2) is cooled to required low-temperature condition, and then gives superconducting coil (2) charging excitation, test.
8. according to verification method claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, in described verification method, the triggering fire-bar (4) of a superconducting coil is only heated in test each time, makes this superconducting coil as the coil of quench at first and quench; If described demo plant has n superconducting coil, n test need be done in n 〉=1.
9. according to verification method claimed in claim 7, its feature is being that described verification method adopts the repetition measurement of rising again, and by room temperature is got back to the reliability of a cold cycling process of low temperature by low temperature to room temperature with checking superconducting magnet quench protection scheme process again.
10. according to verification method claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that described verification method passes to different electric currents to superconducting coil (2), the feasibility of checking superconducting magnet quench protection scheme under the different operating electric current.
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