CN103175832B - Measure the method for foam of polymers volume expansivity and for instrument therein - Google Patents
Measure the method for foam of polymers volume expansivity and for instrument therein Download PDFInfo
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- CN103175832B CN103175832B CN201210564308.XA CN201210564308A CN103175832B CN 103175832 B CN103175832 B CN 103175832B CN 201210564308 A CN201210564308 A CN 201210564308A CN 103175832 B CN103175832 B CN 103175832B
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- foam
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- die head
- speed
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- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 123
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000006101 laboratory sample Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004156 Azodicarbonamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- XOZUGNYVDXMRKW-AATRIKPKSA-N azodicarbonamide Chemical compound NC(=O)\N=N\C(N)=O XOZUGNYVDXMRKW-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019399 azodicarbonamide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- KZTYYGOKRVBIMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl sulfone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KZTYYGOKRVBIMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- CZGWDPMDAIPURF-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4,6-dihydrazinyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)hydrazine Chemical compound NNC1=NC(NN)=NC(NN)=N1 CZGWDPMDAIPURF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HORKYAIEVBUXGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxaline Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NCCNC2=C1 HORKYAIEVBUXGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MEJAPGGFIJZHEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-acetamido-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-sulfonyl chloride Chemical group CC(=O)NC1=NN=C(S(Cl)(=O)=O)S1 MEJAPGGFIJZHEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MARUHZGHZWCEQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-phenyl-2h-tetrazole Chemical class C1=CC=CC=C1C1=NNN=N1 MARUHZGHZWCEQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- CRDNMYFJWFXOCH-BUHFOSPRSA-N Couroupitine B Natural products N\1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C/1=C1/C2=CC=CC=C2NC1=O CRDNMYFJWFXOCH-BUHFOSPRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUNMAQLRUBXKIL-PCIXLOPBSA-N Ins-1-P-Cer(d20:0/24:0) Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)N[C@H]([C@H](O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)COP(O)(=O)O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O WUNMAQLRUBXKIL-PCIXLOPBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VRFNYSYURHAPFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylamino]urea Chemical class CC1=CC=C(S(=O)(=O)NNC(N)=O)C=C1 VRFNYSYURHAPFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VJRITMATACIYAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonohydrazide Chemical compound NNS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 VJRITMATACIYAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N borane Chemical compound B UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010277 boron hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 carboxylate radical Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 201000007750 congenital bile acid synthesis defect Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CRDNMYFJWFXOCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indirubin Chemical compound N1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C1=C1C2=CC=CC=C2NC1=O CRDNMYFJWFXOCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004597 plastic additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003349 semicarbazides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007655 standard test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003831 tetrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
- B29C44/60—Measuring, controlling or regulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B11/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness ; e.g. of sheet material
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B5/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness
- G01B5/068—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness of objects while moving
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92009—Measured parameter
- B29C2948/92114—Dimensions
- B29C2948/92171—Distortion, shrinkage, dilatation, swell or warpage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92009—Measured parameter
- B29C2948/92314—Particular value claimed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92323—Location or phase of measurement
- B29C2948/92361—Extrusion unit
- B29C2948/9238—Feeding, melting, plasticising or pumping zones, e.g. the melt itself
- B29C2948/924—Barrel or housing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
- B29C2948/92609—Dimensions
- B29C2948/92666—Distortion, shrinkage, dilatation, swell or warpage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
- B29C2948/92809—Particular value claimed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
- B29C2948/92857—Extrusion unit
- B29C2948/92876—Feeding, melting, plasticising or pumping zones, e.g. the melt itself
- B29C2948/92895—Barrel or housing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
- B29C44/36—Feeding the material to be shaped
- B29C44/46—Feeding the material to be shaped into an open space or onto moving surfaces, i.e. to make articles of indefinite length
- B29C44/50—Feeding the material to be shaped into an open space or onto moving surfaces, i.e. to make articles of indefinite length using pressure difference, e.g. by extrusion or by spraying
Abstract
There is provided the method for measurement foam of polymers volume expansivity, including：The polymer formulations of free foaming of the extrusion comprising one or more foaming agents；By the preparation charging of the extrusion by die head of right angle, so that the moulded foam that there is foam front in the die head exit is made；The thickness of moulded foam is measured at the die head nozzle using laser thickness measurement apparatus, the vertically oriented device that the laser thickness measurement apparatus includes laser, driven by motor driver, wherein described laser is connected with the vertically oriented device, it is allowed to adjust the vertical position of the laser；The speed of the motor driver is adjusted, thus the vertical displacement speed of the laser movement is equal to the vertical displacement speed for the foam front for leaving the die head；With record the foam thickness, wherein the thickness of moulded foam per x second measurement once, wherein x is 0.05 to 0.15, and be used as the function record thickness of time.Also provide the instrument for carrying out the inventive method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for measurement foam of polymers volume expansivity and for instrument therein.
Background technology
The polymeric articles for producing foaming are the extremely difficult processes for being on the brink of control.The technique is being kept in the process of slave mode
In be related to several factors.For example, for the product of PVC foam, such factor is including PVC K- values, the processing aid used,
Lubricant type and content, and CBA characteristic.To the expansion comprising test additive and the polymer formulations of content
The prediction of distribution is by for controlling the polymeric articles of foaming to produce.It is currently available that method is provided only for the single-point with the time
Foam volume expansivity.
The content of the invention
The present invention is to measure the method for foam of polymers volume expansivity and for instrument therein.
In one embodiment, the method that the present invention provides measurement foam of polymers volume expansivity, including：Extrusion is included
The polymer formulations of the free foaming of one or more foaming agents；By the preparation charging of the extrusion by die head of right angle, so that
The moulded foam that there is foam front in the die head exit is made；Sprayed using laser thickness measurement apparatus in the die head
The thickness of moulded foam is measured at mouth, described device includes laser, the vertically oriented device driven by motor driver, wherein
The laser is connected with the vertically oriented device, it is allowed to adjust the vertical position of the laser；Adjust the motor driving
Vertical position of the vertical displacement speed equal to the foam front for leaving the die head of the speed of device, thus the laser movement
Move speed；With record the foam thickness, wherein the thickness of the measurement moulded foam per being repeated once for x seconds, wherein x is
0.05 to 0.15, and record thickness as the function of time.
In interchangeable embodiment, the present invention also provides the instrument of the free foaming expansion rate of measurement polymer, bag
Include：Extruder, for extruding the polymer formulations with shaping foam, obtains moulded foam；Wherein described extruder includes tool
There is the die head of right angle of die head nozzle；The laser measuring head of vertically oriented device is connected to, for measuring at the die head nozzle
Or the thickness of the moulded foam of the neighbouring die head nozzle；The motor drive unit of the vertically oriented device is connected to, is used
In the vertical displacement for adjusting the laser measuring head, thus make to leave the vertical displacement speed of the foams of the die head with it is described
The vertical displacement rate synchronization of laser measuring head；Equipment for controlling the motor drive unit speed；And tape deck,
Thickness for recording the moulded foam as the function of time.
In interchangeable embodiment, the present invention provides the measurement foam of polymers according to any one of aforementioned embodiments
The method of volume expansivity and for the instrument for the free foaming expansion rate for measuring polymer, except that measurement contoured foam
The thickness of body is repeated at least 100 times.
In interchangeable embodiment, the present invention provides the measurement foam of polymers according to any one of aforementioned embodiments
The method of volume expansivity and for the instrument for the free foaming expansion rate for measuring polymer, except that this method also includes
Maximum foam body thickness is determined from the foam thickness as the function of time.
In interchangeable embodiment, the present invention provides the measurement foam of polymers according to any one of aforementioned embodiments
The method of volume expansivity and for the instrument for the free foaming expansion rate for measuring polymer, except that free foaming is poly-
Compound preparation includes polyvinyl chloride and one or more foaming agents.
In interchangeable embodiment, the present invention provides the measurement foam of polymers according to any one of aforementioned embodiments
The method of volume expansivity and for the instrument for the free foaming expansion rate for measuring polymer, except that the shape of the die head
Shape is selected from circle, ellipse, square, and rectangle.
In interchangeable embodiment, the present invention provides the measurement foam of polymers according to any one of aforementioned embodiments
The method of volume expansivity and for the instrument for the free foaming expansion rate for measuring polymer, except that methods described is also wrapped
Measurement is included as the position of the foam front of the function of time, the vertical displacement speed of the foam front is determined, and automatically
The speed of regulation motor driver causes the vertical displacement speed and the identified foam front of the laser movement
Vertical displacement speed it is identical.
In interchangeable embodiment, the present invention provides the measurement foam of polymers according to any one of aforementioned embodiments
The method of volume expansivity and for the instrument for the free foaming expansion rate for measuring polymer, except that for circular die
Opening, be measured as foams diameter square divided by die head nozzle diameter square foams expansion rate be 1 to 50.
In interchangeable embodiment, the present invention provides the measurement foam of polymers according to any one of aforementioned embodiments
The method of volume expansivity and for the instrument for the free foaming expansion rate for measuring polymer, except that the instrument is also wrapped
The sensor of the vertical position for measuring the moulded foam front end as the function of time is included, for determining the contoured foam
The equipment of the vertical displacement speed of body front end, and in the equipment of the vertical displacement speed for determining the moulded foam front end
Control loop between the equipment for controlling the motor drive unit.
In another embodiment, the present invention provide measurement foam of polymers volume expansivity method, substantially by with
Lower step composition：The polymer formulations of free foaming of the extrusion comprising one or more foaming agents；The preparation of the extrusion is entered
Material is by die head of right angle, so that the moulded foam for having foam front in the die head exit is made；Use laser thickness
Measurement apparatus measures the thickness of moulded foam at the die head nozzle, and described device includes laser, by motor driver
The vertically oriented device of driving, wherein the laser is connected with the vertically oriented device, it is allowed to adjust the vertical of the laser
Position；The speed of the motor driver is adjusted, thus the vertical displacement speed of the laser movement, which is equal to, leaves the mould
The vertical displacement speed of the foam front of head；With record the foam thickness, wherein it is described measurement moulded foam thickness
Degree per being repeated once for x seconds, and wherein x is 0.05 to 0.15, and records thickness as the function of time.
In another embodiment, the present invention provides the instrument of the free foaming expansion rate of measurement polymer, and its is basic
On consist of：Extruder, the polymer formulations for extruding and being formed foaming, obtains moulded foam；It is wherein described to squeeze
Going out machine includes the die head of right angle with die head nozzle；The laser measuring head of vertically oriented device is connected to, for measuring described
The thickness of moulded foam at die head nozzle or adjacent to the die head nozzle；It is connected to the motor driving of the vertically oriented device
Thus device unit, the vertical displacement for adjusting the laser measuring head makes the vertical displacement for leaving the foams of the die head
Speed and the vertical displacement rate synchronization of the laser measuring head；Equipment for controlling the motor drive unit speed；
And tape deck, the thickness for recording the moulded foam as the function of time.
Brief description of the drawings
For illustrating to show illustrative form in the purpose of the present invention, accompanying drawing；However, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited
In shown precise alignment and instrument.
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic diagram for the embodiment for illustrating instrument；
Fig. 2 is the PVC preparations for heat absorption/exothermic blowing agent using three kinds of different mixing, transversal superficial expansivity phase
For the graph of a relation of time；
Fig. 3 is for the PVC preparations using three kinds of different Endothermic blowing agents, pass of the transversal superficial expansivity relative to the time
System's figure；
Fig. 4 is for the PVC preparations using three kinds of different exothermic blowing agents, pass of the transversal superficial expansivity relative to the time
System's figure；With
Fig. 5 is for the PVC preparations using three kinds of different foaming agents, graph of a relation of the transversal superficial expansivity relative to the time.
Embodiment
The present invention is to measure the method for foam of polymers volume expansivity and for instrument therein.
Included according to the method for the measurement foam of polymers volume expansivity of the present invention：Extrusion includes one or more foaming agents
Free foaming polymer formulations；By the preparation charging of the extrusion by die head of right angle, go out so as to be made in the die head
Mouth has the moulded foam of foam front；Moulded foam is measured at the die head nozzle using non-contact measurement device for measuring
Thickness, described device includes laser, the vertically oriented device that is driven by motor driver, wherein the laser with it is described perpendicular
Straight locator connection, it is allowed to adjust the vertical position of the laser；The speed of the motor driver is adjusted, it is thus described to swash
The vertical displacement speed of light device movement is equal to the vertical displacement speed for the foam front for leaving the die head；With record as when
Between function foam thickness, wherein the thickness of moulded foam per x second measurement once, wherein x is 0.05 to 0.15, and conduct
The function record thickness of time.
As used in this application, the position from die head nozzle 0 to 1mm is represented " at die head nozzle ".
The polymer formulations of extrusion free foaming can use any appropriate extruder to complete, and condition is that extruder can be with
It is equipped with the die head of right angle for forming moulded foam.Such extruder includes, for example, single screw extrusion machine and multiscrew
Extruder.A kind of appropriate extruder for extrusion step is HAAKE POLYLAB conical twin-screw extruders.
As used in this application, the polymer formulations of free foaming include appointing for free wxpansion/foaming after leaving the die
What polymer formulations.The example of such polymer formulations includes being selected from following polymer：The polymer of styrol, propylene
Acid ester polymer, polyolefin, polyester, polyamide, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), chlorination PVC, and fluoropolymer and one kind or many
Plant physically or chemically foaming agent.CBA can be times in a variety of CBAs for discharge after pyrolysis gas
What is a kind of.Foaming agent or its mixture can be selected from the chemical substances for including decomposable asymmetric choice net group, and the decomposable asymmetric choice net group is for example even
Nitrogen base, N- nitrosos, carboxylate radical, carbonate, Heterocyclic nitrogen group and sulfohydrazide group.Generally, they are when by means of chemistry
React the solid matter for discharging gas when heating or after decomposing.Representational compound includes azodicarbonamide and derivative
Thing, bicarbonate, hydrazine derivate, semicarbazides, tetrazolium, benzoPiperazine, and boron hydride, are such as described in Plastic
Additives Handbook, eds.R.Gachter, H.Muller, and P.P.Klemchuk, Hanser Gardner
Publishers, Cincinnati, 1996, Ch.16.The example of these foaming agents is：Azodicarbonamide, 4,4'- oxygen di-s
(benzene sulfonyl hydrazide), diphenyl sulfone -3,3- disulfonyl hydrazide, trihydrazinotriazine, p-toluenesulfonyl semicarbazides, 5- phenyltetrazoles, indigo
Red acid acid anhydride, sodium acid carbonate, and sodium borohydride.Moreover, foaming can be produced by the physical blowing agent being injected into extruder.Show
The physical blowing agent of example property includes liquefied carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrocarbon, the fluorohydrocarbon of chlorination, HCFC and water.
Be connected to extruder and for formed moulded foam die head of right angle can have any appropriate opening or
Nozzle form.Such shape of cross section can include, for example, circular, ellipse, square, and rectangle.The polymer of extrusion
Preparation leaves die head, so that the shape of cross section with die openings.In the case of the die head with circular open, shaping bubble
The thickness of foam body refers to the diameter of the circular moulded foam of gained.In the case of the die head with square openings, shaping bubble
The thickness of foam body refers to the length of a line of square moulded foam.In the case of the die head with elliptical openings,
The thickness of moulded foam can refer to any one in the short axle or major axis of ellipse.Equally, in the mould with rectangular aperture
In the case of head, the thickness of moulded foam can refer to rectangle short side or long side any one.Multiaxis measurer for thickness
It can be used for while measuring all shaft sizes.By this way, transversal superficial expansivity (cross section at any given time
The cross-sectional area of product divided by die openings) it can be determined for any die geometries.
The speed of regulation motor driver causes the vertical displacement speed that laser is moved to be equal to the foams for leaving die head
The vertical displacement speed of front end can be manually completed or can automated.In the case of manual regulation, the vertical position of laser
Any or both of vertical displacement speed for moving speed and leaving the foams of die head can be with manual monitoring.In this case,
When foams are equal with the bottom of laser measuring device for measuring, start vertical motor driver.Speed variable autotransformer (example
Such as, VARIAC) regulation manually, thus foam front holding is equal with the bottom of laser aid.This can generally pass through transformation
2 or 3 times of device adjust to complete.Equally, in the case where automatically adjusting, the vertical displacement speed of laser and die head is left
The vertical displacement speed of foam front it is any or both can by electronic installation well known in the art and/or sensor from
Dynamic monitoring.For example, the vertical speed of foam front and the vertical speed of laser can pass through single laser Doppler velocimeter
Measurement, both speed can be synchronized by control loop.Any kind of noncontact speedometer, such as laser-Doppler
Speedometer, can be used for the vertical speed for measuring moulded foam front end.Exemplary laser Doppler velocimeter includes being purchased from
Those of POLYTECH (Irvine, CA) and ZUMBACH ELECTRONIC AG (Orpund, Switzerland).
Multiple thickness measures are carried out after following periods to moulded foam front end：From die head is left at least up to most
The time of big expansion rate.Measurement can be carried out with the interval of every 0.05 second to every 0.15 second.The total period of measurement can be 1 second
To 10 minutes.
The application include and discloses all single numbers and the subrange of 0.05 to 0.15 second；For example, thickness measure can
With every 0.05 second from lower limit, every 0.07 second, every 0.09 second, every 0.11 second, or every 0.13 second every 0.07 second to higher limit, often
0.09 second, every 0.11 second, every 0.13 second, or carry out for every 0.15 second.For example, thickness can be between every 0.05 second to every 0.15 second
Every measurement, or in interchangeable embodiment, at intervals of every 0.07 second to every 0.13 second, or in interchangeable embodiment
In, at intervals of every 0.09 second to every 0.11 second.
In some embodiments, method also includes calculating foam volume expansion from as the foam thickness of the function of time
Speed.Because method measures multiple thickness as the function of time, the speed of foam volume expansion can by will after it is specified when
Between section thickness change divided by period for specifying easily calculate.
In some embodiments, the method for the thickness of duplicate measurements moulded foam at least 100 times.
In a kind of embodiment of method, the polymer formulations of free foaming include polyvinyl chloride and one or more hairs
Infusion.
In some embodiments, this method also includes measurement as the position of the foam front of the function of time, calculates
The speed of the vertical displacement of foam front, and the speed of self-regulation motor driver cause the vertical of the laser movement
Rate of displacement is identical with the calculating vertical displacement speed of foam front.For example, the vertical speed of foam front and laser are perpendicular
Straight speed can be measured by single laser Doppler velocimeter, and both speed can be synchronized by control loop.
Control loop and its component are well known, and the example is described in ttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_
Loop, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
In some embodiments of the inventive method, be measured as the foams diameter square divided by die openings it is straight
The expansion rate of the foams in footpath square is 1 to 50.The application include and discloses 1 to 50 all single numbers and sub- model
Enclose；For example, the expansion rate of foams can be lower limit 1,10,20,30 or 40 to higher limit 10,20,30,40 or 50.For example,
Foam volume expansivity can be 1 to 50, or in interchangeable embodiment, the expansion rate of foams can be 10 to 40.
In interchangeable embodiment, the present invention also provides the instrument available for the inventive method, including：Extruder,
For extruding the polymer formulations with shaping foam, moulded foam is obtained；Wherein described extruder includes having die head nozzle
Die head of right angle；The laser measuring head of vertically oriented device is connected to, for measuring at the die head nozzle or adjacent to described
The thickness of the moulded foam of die head nozzle；The motor drive unit of the vertically oriented device is connected to, for adjusting
The vertical displacement of laser measuring head is stated, thus makes to leave the vertical displacement speed and the laser measurement of the foams of the die head
The vertical displacement rate synchronization of head；Equipment for controlling the motor drive unit speed；And tape deck, for recording
It is used as the thickness of the moulded foam of the function of time.
Extruder and die head available for the embodiment of instrument of the present invention include those discussed above.Vertically oriented device
It can be any mechanism for vertical shift object.For example, vertically oriented device can include revolving by motor drive unit
The screw rod turned, the motor drive unit includes rotating device, such as brush DC motor (such as electric drill or stepping motor).
Laser measuring head available for instrument is by laser projection to moulded foam and shade that electro-detection is cast
And it is translated into the device of electric signal.The measurement head of two axles or three axles can be used, wherein measuring more than one size simultaneously.
Alternative means are using two or more lasers to measure thickness by triangulation (triangulation).
Available for controlled motor driver equipment can include for regulation motor drivers velocity any method and/
Or device, including such as variable resistance and variable autotransformer.For the description for the various devices for controlling electromotor velocity
It is found inwww.en.wikipedia.org/motorcontroller。
With reference to Fig. 1, it is shown that a kind of embodiment available for the instrument of the inventive method.Show for measuring polymerization
The instrument of thing foam volume expansivity.Instrument includes extruder 10, the die head of right angle 12 with die head nozzle 14.Polymer is in extrusion
Extruded in machine 10, through die head of right angle 12 and die head nozzle 14.After die head nozzle 14 is left, moulded foam 16 has mould
The shape of head nozzle 14.Laser measuring head 18 is connected to vertically oriented device 20.Vertically oriented device 20 is driven by motor driver 22.
As shown in figure 1, the equipment for controlled motor driver is VARIAC24.Tape deck shown in Fig. 1 is with required defeated
Enter the computer 26 of cable 28.
Embodiment
Following examples explanation is of the invention but does not limit the scope of the invention.
Instrument for illustrative methods is the HAAKE POLYLAB conical twin-screw extruders with die head of right angle
(being purchased from THERMO FISHER SCIENTIFIC, INC.).Table 1 shows the zone set points of extruder.
Table 1
The free foaming polymer formulations tested in illustrative methods are that the PVC foams with component shown in table 2 are female
Batch of material (MB1).Foaming agent and constant processing aid is kept in all tests (SURECELT-55 (is purchased from The Dow
Chemical Company, 10PHR) mixed before extrusion with female batch of material bag.Table 3 includes the change for various illustrative methods
Learn the list of foaming agent.With ZUMBACH ODAC laser surveying instruments (laser gauge) (that is, laser measuring head)
ZUMBACH USYS IPC-1 controllers (being purchased from ZUMBACH ELECTRONIC AG, Orpund, Switzerland) are used to measure shaping bubble
The thickness of foam body.
Table 2
ZUMBACH ODAC laser surveying instruments are connected to the frame moved through screw-type supporter parallel to moulded foam
Son.The rotary rig controlled by VARIAC auto-transformers is used to rise and land to be connected to the Laser Measuring of screw-type supporter
Measuring appratus.The speed of rotary rig is matched by adjusting VARIAC with the linear convergent rate of moulded foam.
For compared with highly expanded rate sample preferably to be centered to moulded foam, with a piece of teflon by hook and endless belt
(hook and loop tape) is connected to the bottom of laser surveying instrument.This optional hook and endless belt are shown as in Fig. 1
Element 30.The measurement of contoured foam body thickness is collected once for every 0.1 second.Thickness measure is collected and made from ZUMBACH controllers
Mapped and analyzed with Excel softwares.
Table 3
Wherein laboratory sample 1 is 50%/50% (wt) FICEL HRVP01/SAFOAM RICFP-50, and laboratory sample 2 is
70%/30% (wt) K-198/SAFOAM RICFP-50.
Record maximum gauge and reach the time of maximum gauge and the transversal superficial expansivity (CSER) that is defined as below and
Density value.Density value passes through following ASTM standard D792 " Standard Test Methods for Density and
Specific Gravity (Relative Density) of Plastics by Displacement " are obtained.Maximum gauge value
It is given in Table 4.Transversal superficial expansivity (CSER) is no unit measure, and it is defined by below equation：
Wherein DtIt is diameter of the moulded foam in time t, DoIt is the diameter of die head nozzle.Figure line is divided into different foaming
Agent type (heat release (Exo), absorbs heat (Endo), and mixing Endo and Exo), wherein to be omparison purpose, laboratory sample 1 is drawn
On all figure lines.Fig. 2-5 illustrates the expansion rate curve of the sample of the polymer formulations using each foaming agent shown in table 3,
Wherein in these figures, " laboratory sample 1 ", " laboratory sample 2 ", " TSE3140 " is represented for " Exp.#2 " expression for " Exp.#1 " expression
" TSE3140 ", " RICFP " expression " SAFOAM RICFP-50 ", " A＆H1 " expression " Arm and Hammer USP GRADE#1
Sodium acid carbonate ", " HRVP01 " expression " FICEL HRVP01 ", " K-198 " expression " K-198 ".
Fig. 2 illustrates the cross section of the PVC composition comprising CBA (mixture for including heat release and heat absorption component)
Functional relation of the expansion rate after foams leave die openings with the time.The exo/endo foaming agents of this mixing are PVC
The most frequently used foaming agent in foams, this be due to they have every kind of blowing agent type positive property combination.
Fig. 2 shows that the mixture of heat release and Endothermic blowing agents provides rapid expanding, the expansion rate with relative Gao Shuipin.
TRAMACO TSE3140 have somewhat lower slope in initial bubble part.
As shown in figure 3, compared with the foaming agent including Exo and Endo mixture, Endothermic blowing agents have much higher
Maximum swelling rate.Although the sample that absorbs heat has much larger overall expansion rate, initial bubble rate is far below and includes exothermic ingredient
Mixed thing, and density is slightly higher.
Fig. 4 shows the comparison of exothermic blowing agent and the laboratory sample 1 for reference.Overall expansion rate is less than laboratory sample 1, but
It is that initial bubble rate is similar.The expansion rate that K-198 is obtained is more than HRVP01, and this corresponds to its higher gas and occurs number (gas
Evolution number) (221cc/g is relative to 190cc/g).
Fig. 5 is shown in the best person of all types of foaming agents in a curve map, it is possible thereby to it was observed that to expansion characteristics
Directly compare.
Table 4
In the case of without departing substantially from spirit and essential characteristics of the present invention, the present invention is available to be implemented by other forms, therefore, when
When indicating the scope of the present invention, it should refer to appended claims, rather than aforementioned specification.
Claims (8)
1. the method for foam of polymers volume expansivity is measured, including：
The polymer formulations of free foaming of the extrusion comprising one or more foaming agents；
By the charging of the preparation of the extrusion by die head of right angle, thus be made the die head exit have foam front into
Type foams；
The thickness of moulded foam, the laser thickness measurement are measured at the die head nozzle using laser thickness measurement apparatus
The vertically oriented device that device includes laser, driven by motor driver, wherein the laser connects with the vertically oriented device
Connect, it is allowed to adjust the vertical position of the laser；
The speed of the motor driver is adjusted, thus the vertical displacement speed of the laser movement, which is equal to, leaves the die head
Foam front vertical displacement speed；With
The foam thickness is recorded,
The thickness of wherein described measurement moulded foam per being repeated once for x seconds, and wherein x is 0.05 to 0.15, and is used as the time
Function records thickness.
2. method according to claim 1, in addition to determine maximum foam body thickness from the foam thickness as the function of time.
3. method according to claim 1, wherein the polymer formulations of the free foaming include polyvinyl chloride and one kind or many
Plant foaming agent.
4. method according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the die head of right angle is selected from circle, ellipse or rectangle.
5. method according to claim 1, in addition to the position of the foam front as the function of time is measured, determine the bubble
The vertical displacement speed of foam body front end, and the speed of self-regulation motor driver cause the vertical displacement of laser movement
Speed is identical with the vertical displacement speed of the identified foam front.
6. method according to claim 1, wherein be measured as the foams diameter square divided by the die head nozzle diameter
Square the foams expansion rate be 1 to 50.
7. method according to claim 1, wherein the transversal superficial expansivity of the polymer foam is 1 to 50.
8. method according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the die head of right angle is selected from square.
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| US201161579199P | 2011-12-22 | 2011-12-22 | |
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| JP (1) | JP6016614B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR102130175B1 (en) |
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| KR101416200B1 (en) * | 2014-05-08 | 2014-07-09 | 주식회사 디씨케이 | Thickness measure system of silicone foaming layer |
| EP3344692B1 (en) | 2015-08-31 | 2021-08-18 | Rohm and Haas Company | A processing aid for foam molding, a vinyl chloride resin-based foam molding compositon comprising the same and a foam molded product |
| WO2017040679A1 (en) | 2015-08-31 | 2017-03-09 | Rohm And Haas Company | A processing aid for foam molding, a vinyl chloride resin-based foam molding composition comprising the same and a foam molded product |
| CN105415565A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-03-23 | 湖北工业大学 | Visual inspection system for position of supporting piece in automobile seat die |
| EP3875242A1 (en) * | 2020-03-05 | 2021-09-08 | Covestro Deutschland AG | Method and apparatus for online determining foam density during foam production process |
| IT202100010883A1 (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2022-10-29 | Dallan Spa | PRODUCTION LINE AND METHOD OF STAVES FOR ROLLING SHUTTERS |
| CN115014171B (en) * | 2022-08-04 | 2022-10-21 | 常州皓之鼎高分子材料有限公司 | Method and device for measuring dimension of EVA foam sound absorbing sheet for new energy automobile |
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| GB1389922A (en) * | 1971-06-23 | 1975-04-09 | Du Pont | Process control |
| JP2007139606A (en) * | 2005-11-18 | 2007-06-07 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Device for measuring film thickness and film thickness measuring method |
| JP2007313794A (en) * | 2006-05-26 | 2007-12-06 | Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd:The | Dimension control method of extrusion material of extruder and dimension control apparatus therefor |
| JP2010044027A (en) * | 2008-08-18 | 2010-02-25 | Kanazawa Univ | Thickness measuring device and thickness distribution measuring method |
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| EP0035467A1 (en) * | 1980-03-04 | 1981-09-09 | Schweizerische Aluminium Ag | Process for producing foamed plastic boards |
| JP2972511B2 (en) * | 1993-11-01 | 1999-11-08 | 酒井化学工業株式会社 | Method for measuring thickness of foamed polyethylene sheet by laser |
| JPH08304034A (en) * | 1995-04-28 | 1996-11-22 | Sekisui Plastics Co Ltd | Method and apparatus for measurement of thickness of foamed sheet |
| US5725814A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1998-03-10 | Harrel, Inc. | Extrusion of an article of varying content |
| EP1378336A1 (en) * | 2002-07-02 | 2004-01-07 | ATOFINA Research | Polymer processability evaluation through on-line processing |
| DE10237005A1 (en) * | 2002-08-13 | 2004-02-26 | Bayer Ag | Soft foam is produced by determining the height of the foam along an advancing line, comparing it to a reference value, and using the difference to control any adjustment |
| DE102005010999A1 (en) * | 2005-03-10 | 2006-09-14 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Process and plant for the continuous production of foam boards |
| NZ575757A (en) * | 2006-10-16 | 2012-03-30 | Strandex Corp | Puller speed control device for monitoring the dimensions of an extruded synthetic wood composition |
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2012
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- 2012-11-28 WO PCT/US2012/066735 patent/WO2013095876A1/en active Application Filing
- 2012-12-21 CN CN201210564308.XA patent/CN103175832B/en active Active
- 2012-12-21 JP JP2012279237A patent/JP6016614B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1389922A (en) * | 1971-06-23 | 1975-04-09 | Du Pont | Process control |
| JP2007139606A (en) * | 2005-11-18 | 2007-06-07 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Device for measuring film thickness and film thickness measuring method |
| JP2007313794A (en) * | 2006-05-26 | 2007-12-06 | Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd:The | Dimension control method of extrusion material of extruder and dimension control apparatus therefor |
| JP2010044027A (en) * | 2008-08-18 | 2010-02-25 | Kanazawa Univ | Thickness measuring device and thickness distribution measuring method |
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| KR102130175B1 (en) | 2020-07-03 |
| CN103175832A (en) | 2013-06-26 |
| WO2013095876A1 (en) | 2013-06-27 |
| TWI569015B (en) | 2017-02-01 |
| JP6016614B2 (en) | 2016-10-26 |
| JP2013136751A (en) | 2013-07-11 |
| TW201333468A (en) | 2013-08-16 |
| KR20130079201A (en) | 2013-07-10 |
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