CN103175733B - Direct tensile test jag of incompressible material - Google Patents
Direct tensile test jag of incompressible material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明“不可压缩材料的直接拉伸试验夹具”,属于建筑材料试验装置领域。本发明由固定接头、转接夹头、连接板、螺栓和金属棒组成,解决了现有的不可压缩材料的直接拉伸试验过程中因夹持端试件滑移导致数据失真,甚至脱落造成试验无法完成的问题,能够可靠实现不可压缩材料的直接拉伸试验,以准确获取这类材料的力学性能参数,具有一定的应用前景。
The "direct tensile test jig for incompressible materials" of the present invention belongs to the field of building material test devices. The invention is composed of a fixed joint, an adapter chuck, a connecting plate, a bolt and a metal rod, and solves the problem of data distortion or even falling off caused by slippage of the specimen at the clamping end during the direct tensile test of the existing incompressible material. For the problem that the test cannot be completed, it can reliably realize the direct tensile test of incompressible materials to accurately obtain the mechanical performance parameters of such materials, which has certain application prospects.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明属于建筑材料试验装置技术领域,具体涉及不可压缩材料的直接拉伸试验时试件的可靠夹持和加载。 The invention belongs to the technical field of building material testing devices, and in particular relates to reliable clamping and loading of specimens during direct tension tests of incompressible materials.
背景技术 Background technique
现有的材料拉伸试验装置——万能试验机,夹具体一般采用优质中碳钢、合金结构钢,或通过适当的热处理工艺提高其力学性能。夹具的夹持方式主要有楔形类、对夹类、螺栓类等。 The existing material tensile test device - universal testing machine, the clip body is generally made of high-quality medium carbon steel, alloy structural steel, or its mechanical properties can be improved by appropriate heat treatment process. The clamping methods of the fixture mainly include wedge type, pair clamp type, bolt type and so on.
这些夹具的优点是: The advantages of these fixtures are:
1. 夹持可靠,无打滑现象; 1. Reliable clamping, no slippage;
2. 可承受的试验力比较大。 2. The tolerable test force is relatively large.
但是当用于不可压缩材料时,上述常规的夹持方式存在一些问题:因为直接夹持不可压缩材料因变形较大而产生夹持端滑移致使试验数据失真,当变形过大时甚至产生脱落从而无法完成试验。 However, when it is used for incompressible materials, there are some problems in the above-mentioned conventional clamping method: because the incompressible material is directly clamped due to large deformation, the clamping end slips and the test data is distorted, and even falls off when the deformation is too large Therefore, the test cannot be completed.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足,公开了一种适用于不可压缩材料的直接拉伸试验装置,为不可压缩材料的直接拉伸试验提供可靠的夹持方式,从而为获得准确的不可压缩材料的材性参数提供可能。 The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and discloses a direct tensile test device suitable for incompressible materials, which provides a reliable clamping method for the direct tensile test of incompressible materials, so as to obtain accurate incompressible It is possible to compress the material parameters of the material.
本发明技术方案为: Technical scheme of the present invention is:
一种拉伸试验夹具,适用于对不可压缩材料的直接拉伸试验,其特征在于,该拉伸试验夹具的结构由上下呈对称关系的两部分单元组成,每部分单元包括固定接头、转接夹头、连接板、螺栓、金属棒,其中(以上部分为例): A tensile test fixture, suitable for direct tensile tests on incompressible materials, is characterized in that the structure of the tensile test fixture is composed of two units in a symmetrical relationship up and down, and each part of the unit includes a fixed joint, an adapter Collets, connecting plates, bolts, metal rods, of which (the above parts are examples):
所述固定接头,其上端开孔,通过该孔连接于试验机上,其下端为螺纹杆; The fixed joint has a hole at its upper end, which is connected to the testing machine through the hole, and its lower end is a threaded rod;
所述转接夹头由上下两段组成,其上段开螺纹孔,该螺纹孔与固定接头的螺纹杆相连,其下段为细杆,细杆在水平方向上开设孔洞; The adapter chuck is composed of upper and lower sections, the upper section has a threaded hole, the threaded hole is connected with the threaded rod of the fixed joint, and the lower section is a thin rod, and the thin rod has a hole in the horizontal direction;
所述连接板上下都开设有孔洞,每两连接板对称布置于转接夹头的细杆两侧,连接板上孔洞与转接夹头的细杆孔洞对准,并由螺栓穿过以实现连接板与转接夹头之间的连接; Holes are opened on the upper and lower sides of the connecting plate, and every two connecting plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the thin rod of the adapter chuck. The connection between the connection plate and the adapter clip;
所述试件两端分别缠绕在金属棒上,试件及金属棒整体夹放在所述两连接板下端之间,通过金属棒穿接在连接板的下孔洞内。 The two ends of the test piece are respectively wound on the metal rod, and the test piece and the metal rod are sandwiched between the lower ends of the two connecting plates as a whole, and connected in the lower hole of the connecting plate through the metal rod.
本发明相对于现有技术具有以下优点: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
相比现有技术,本发明为不可压缩材料的直接拉伸试验提供可靠的夹持方式,试验过程中不发生夹持端滑移,为试验结果的准确性提供保障。由于零件之间采用螺纹连接,可以保证不会发生转动,同时可拆卸。本发明解决了现有的不可压缩材料的直接拉伸试验过程中因夹持端试件滑移导致数据失真,甚至脱落造成试验无法完成的问题,而本发明装置能够可靠实现不可压缩材料的直接拉伸试验,以准确获取这类材料的力学性能参数,具有一定的应用前景。 Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a reliable clamping method for the direct tensile test of the incompressible material, and no slippage of the clamping end occurs during the test, which guarantees the accuracy of the test result. Due to the threaded connection between the parts, it can be guaranteed that no rotation will occur, and at the same time, it can be disassembled. The invention solves the problem that the test cannot be completed due to the slippage of the test piece at the clamping end during the existing direct tensile test of the incompressible material, and the device of the present invention can reliably realize the direct tensile test of the incompressible material. Tensile test, in order to accurately obtain the mechanical performance parameters of this kind of material, has a certain application prospect.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为拉伸试验夹具整体结构安装示意图。 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure and installation of the tensile test fixture.
图2为连接板结构示意图。 Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection plate structure.
标记说明:固定接头1、转接夹头2、连接板3、连接板上孔洞31,连接板下孔洞32、螺栓4、金属棒5、试件6。 Marking description: fixed joint 1, adapter chuck 2, connecting plate 3, hole 31 on the connecting plate, hole 32 under the connecting plate, bolt 4, metal rod 5, test piece 6.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
以下结合附图对本发明技术方案作进一步介绍。 The technical solution of the present invention will be further introduced below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
本发明的拉伸试验夹具适用于对不可压缩材料的直接拉伸试验,夹持可靠,不会发生打滑现象。如图1、图2所示,该拉伸试验夹具的结构由相互呈上下对称的两部分组成,每部分又由六个零件组成,分别为固定接头1、转接夹头2、两块连接板3、螺栓4、金属棒5。以上部分的六个零件连接为例介绍,其中: The tensile test jig of the invention is suitable for direct tensile tests on incompressible materials, has reliable clamping, and does not slip. As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the structure of the tensile test fixture is composed of two parts that are mutually symmetrical up and down, and each part is composed of six parts, namely the fixed joint 1, the adapter chuck 2, and the two connecting parts. Plate 3, bolt 4, metal rod 5. The connection of the six parts in the above part is introduced as an example, among which:
固定接头1上端通过金属杆(图中未示)与试验机(图中未示)相连,固定接头1下端通过螺纹杆与转接夹头2相连; The upper end of the fixed joint 1 is connected with the testing machine (not shown in the figure) through a metal rod (not shown in the figure), and the lower end of the fixed joint 1 is connected with the adapter chuck 2 through a threaded rod;
转接夹头2上段开螺纹孔,该螺纹孔与固定接头1的螺纹杆相连,下段细杆上开设直径8mm的孔洞; The upper section of the adapter chuck 2 has a threaded hole, which is connected with the threaded rod of the fixed joint 1, and a hole with a diameter of 8mm is opened on the thin rod of the lower section;
连接板3两块对称布置,上下开洞。所述连接板3,其上端通过螺栓4(所述螺栓4直径为8mm)与转接夹头2下段细杆相连,其下端通过金属棒5与试件6相连。 The two connecting plates 3 are symmetrically arranged, and holes are opened up and down. The upper end of the connecting plate 3 is connected to the lower thin rod of the adapter chuck 2 through the bolt 4 (the diameter of the bolt 4 is 8 mm), and the lower end is connected to the test piece 6 through the metal rod 5 .
试件6两端分别缠绕在上下金属棒5上实施加载。 The two ends of the test piece 6 are respectively wound on the upper and lower metal rods 5 for loading.
即静态的结构表征为: That is, the static structure is characterized by:
该拉伸试验夹具的结构由上下呈对称关系的两部分单元组成,每部分单元包括固定接头1、转接夹头2、连接板3、螺栓4、金属棒5,其中: The structure of the tensile test fixture is composed of two units with a symmetrical relationship between the upper and lower parts. Each unit includes a fixed joint 1, an adapter chuck 2, a connecting plate 3, a bolt 4, and a metal rod 5. Among them:
所述固定接头1,其上端开孔,通过该孔连接于试验机上,其下端为螺纹杆; The fixed joint 1 has a hole at its upper end, which is connected to the testing machine through the hole, and its lower end is a threaded rod;
所述转接夹头2由上下两段组成,其上段开螺纹孔,该螺纹孔与固定接头1的螺纹杆相连,其下段为细杆,细杆的水平方向上开设孔洞; The adapter chuck 2 is composed of upper and lower sections, the upper section has a threaded hole, and the threaded hole is connected with the threaded rod of the fixed joint 1, and the lower section is a thin rod, and a hole is opened in the horizontal direction of the thin rod;
所述连接板3上下都开设有孔洞,每两连接板对称布置于转接夹头的细杆两侧,连接板3上孔洞31与转接夹头的细杆孔洞对准,并由螺栓4穿过以实现连接板与转接夹头之间的连接; The connecting plate 3 is provided with holes up and down, and every two connecting plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the thin rod of the adapter chuck. Through to realize the connection between the connection plate and the adapter clip;
所述试件6两端分别缠绕在金属棒5上,试件6及金属棒5整体夹放在所述两连接板3下端之间,通过金属棒5穿接在连接板3的下孔洞32内。以一个已完成的PVB材料作为试验对象,进行直接拉伸试验为例说明本发明装置的具体操作使用方法。 The two ends of the test piece 6 are respectively wound on the metal rod 5, the test piece 6 and the metal rod 5 are sandwiched between the lower ends of the two connecting plates 3 as a whole, and the metal rod 5 is connected to the lower hole 32 of the connecting plate 3 Inside. Take a completed PVB material as the test object, and carry out the direct tensile test as an example to illustrate the specific operation method of the device of the present invention.
1、首先将固定接头1用金属棒(图中未示)固定在试验机(图中未示)上; 1. First, fix the fixed joint 1 on the testing machine (not shown) with a metal rod (not shown in the figure);
2、将转接夹头2带有小孔径螺纹的一端通过螺纹与固定接头1连接,连接过程中注意对准; 2. Connect the end of the adapter chuck 2 with the small-diameter thread to the fixed joint 1 through the thread, and pay attention to the alignment during the connection process;
3、将转接夹头2另一端和其边侧的两连接板3通过螺栓4相连; 3. Connect the other end of the adapter chuck 2 with the two connecting plates 3 on its side through bolts 4;
4、然后按照同样的顺序连接预备好下端的两连接板3; 4. Then connect the two connecting plates 3 at the lower end in the same order;
5、将试件6(即PVB材料)的上下两端分别缠绕在金属棒5上,通过金属棒5将试件6吊载在上下两部分的连接板3之间,开始试验。 5. Wrap the upper and lower ends of the test piece 6 (that is, PVB material) on the metal rod 5 respectively, and hang the test piece 6 between the upper and lower connecting plates 3 through the metal rod 5, and start the test.
试验完毕之后,拆卸顺序与上述组装过程相反。 After the test is completed, the disassembly sequence is reversed to the above assembly process.
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CN104390854A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2015-03-04 | 四川元泰达有色金属材料有限公司 | Foamed aluminum tension detection fixture |
CN104697873B (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2017-08-25 | 合肥通用机械研究院 | A kind of sulfide-stress cracking experimental rig |
CN105588749B (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2019-02-22 | 福州大学 | A device and method for simulating elastic material testing and testing based on photoelasticity |
CN106153448B (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2019-06-04 | 燕山大学 | A fixture for tensile and compressive cyclic loading test of plate samples |
CN107941627B (en) * | 2017-11-12 | 2020-06-19 | 潍坊科技学院 | Multi-parameter detection device and method for structural performance of ridge connecting piece of agricultural facility structure |
CN111380753A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-07-07 | 中国飞机强度研究所 | Testing device and method for tensile mechanical property of woven material |
CN114518286B (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2023-09-22 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | A tensile piece fixing fixture for mechanical tensile testing |
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CN102680320B (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2013-12-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Fixture for testing tensile properties of ultrathin flexible membrane materials |
CN102830013A (en) * | 2012-08-21 | 2012-12-19 | 无锡通用钢绳有限公司 | Clamping device of steel wire rope tension tester |
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