CN103172283A - Calcining method of low carbon high-activity lime - Google Patents

Calcining method of low carbon high-activity lime Download PDF

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CN103172283A
CN103172283A CN2013101043029A CN201310104302A CN103172283A CN 103172283 A CN103172283 A CN 103172283A CN 2013101043029 A CN2013101043029 A CN 2013101043029A CN 201310104302 A CN201310104302 A CN 201310104302A CN 103172283 A CN103172283 A CN 103172283A
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lime
limestone
temperature
calcining
carbon
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CN103172283B (en
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高宝署
李燕君
段元春
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JIAYUGUAN DAYOU JIAMEI CALCIUM INDUSTRY Co Ltd
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JIAYUGUAN DAYOU JIAMEI CALCIUM INDUSTRY Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a calcining method of low carbon high-activity lime. The method comprises the following steps of: feeding limestone particles to a preheater for preheating for 40+/-5min, and feeding to a rotary kiln to re-heat to 850-1000 DEG C after the surface and central temperatures of the limestone particles reach 800-850 DEG C; and then, calcining the limestone particles into low carbon high-activity lime in a calcining belt which is not longer than 35m at 1000-1200 DEG C. According to the calcining method, the decomposition rate of limestone is improved, the heat loss is reduced, the fuel utilization ratio is improved, and the resources are saved. In the pre-heating stage, the limestone particles are internally and externally preheated to critical decomposition temperature, and the particles are quickly heated so that not only the internal temperature of the particles reaches to a high temperature beneficial to CO2 emission, thereby reducing the residual quantity of CO2 in lime, but also the external temperature cannot be overhigh and the compact layers or vitreous layers preventing CO2 from escaping and caused by over-calcining are not formed on the surface of the lime.

Description

Low-carbon (LC) active lime method for calcinating
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of material, relate to a kind of method with limestone calcination lime, particularly a kind of method for calcinating of the low-carbon (LC) active lime for stainless steel smelting.
Background technology
In stainless steel smelting, need to use and possess: 1) activity degree is higher; 2) specific surface area is large, and dissolution rate is fast in slag; 3) volume density is little; 4) crystalline size is little; 5) the generation quantity of slag is few, the low-carbon (LC) active lime that the molten iron recovery rate is high.Usually calcining particle shape Wingdale obtains this low-carbon (LC) active lime in rotary kiln.And during the traditional technology calcined limestone, the grain size intervals of Wingdale is larger, in calcination process, due to the rate of heat transfer of the lime rate of heat transfer much smaller than Wingdale, along with outer field lkd layer more and more thicker after, causing can be more and more slower to the rate of heat transfer of internal layer limestone particle, calcination time is just longer, and long-time high temperature can make limestone surfaces burning " porcelain ", and then makes the CO that produces in calcining 2Gas is difficult to discharge, and decarburization is incomplete, forms raw burn.Not only waste energy, and affect the quality of low-carbon (LC) active lime.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of low-carbon (LC) active lime method for calcinating, the calcining heat that can avoid causing because lime is different with the Wingdale thermal conductivity is difficult to enter limestone particle inside, causes the phenomenon of limestone surfaces burning " porcelain ", makes CO 2Gas is easy to discharge, save energy, the quality of the low-carbon (LC) active lime that assurance is fired.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of low-carbon (LC) active lime method for calcinating, limestone particle is sent into preheater preheating 40 ± 5min, after making the surface of limestone particle and core temperature all reach 800~850 ℃, send into the rotary kiln body and be warming up to again 850 ℃~1000 ℃, afterwards, being not more than 35m, temperature in length is that the clinkering zone of 1000~1200 ℃ burns till the low-carbon (LC) active lime.
Described rotary kiln end negative pressure is not more than-50Pa.
Method for calcinating of the present invention has following advantage:
1) improved decomposition of limestone speed, reduced thermal losses, improved fuel availability, economized on resources.
2) pre-heating stage only decomposes critical temperature with all being preheating to it inside and outside limestone particle, in the rapid intensification of clinkering zone, granule interior is reached and is beneficial to CO 2The high temperature of discharging has reduced CO in lime 2Residual quantity, and outside temperature can too highly not make the burning of lime surface " closely knit " layer occur or " porcelain " layer stops CO 2Overflow.
3) smelting of steel is the requirement on free in certain temperature range, if it's the reaction times that conference lengthens lime particle and molten steel is past the granularity of lime, causes slag making speed slow down and affect the slag making effect.If the lime undersized easily causes particle or the dust degradation manipulation environment that splashes during steel-making.The limestone particle granularity is 20~40mm, and the molecular volume of the lime ratio Wingdale after calcining is little, and granularity is conducive to the smelting of steel substantially between 10~20mm more.
4) in steelmaking process, can reduce the steel scrap consumption, reduce hear rate, increase the lime utilization ratio, also can reduce foamy slag and splash simultaneously.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment.
When in traditional technology, calcined by rotary kiln was produced lime, the granularity of the Wingdale that usually requires caused conducting heat in calcination process inhomogeneous, and CO 2Be difficult for spreading out, be unfavorable for the calcining of lime and affect Activity of Lime.Simultaneously, the preheating temperature of preheater decomposes lime higher than the critical temperature that lime decomposes in advance, in calcination process due to Surface Creation be that grieshoch causes heat transfer efficiency to reduce, strengthen calcination time, cause raw burn or burning, and waste energy.
The problem that exists in order to overcome traditional technology, the invention provides a kind of low-carbon (LC) active lime method for calcinating, the particle diameter limestone particle that is 20~40mm is sent in the preheater of the rotary kiln that uses in traditional technology, preheating 40 ± 5min(is determined by rotary kiln shaft preheater hydraulic push rod interval pusher flow and preheater storage volume, material is counted out preheater from entering preheater), make limestone particle surface and core temperature all reach 800 ℃~850 ℃ (850 ℃ of the critical temperatures of lime decomposition, lime only has trace to decompose when this temperature; Because the fluctuation that operates can not be controlled at temperature a point, so regulation is controlled at 800 ℃~850 ℃ with its temperature) after, send into the rotary kiln body and be warming up to 850 ℃~1000 ℃, decomposition of limestone; Temperature continues to rise to 1000 ℃~1200 ℃ burning till the stage in the rotary kiln body, and the length of clinkering zone is not more than 35m, burns till the low-carbon (LC) active lime; Adopt propellant combination to carry out multifuel combustion in whole calcination process, this propellant combination is per-cent by volume, coke-oven gas by 40% ± 3%, 10% ± 3% coal gas of converter and 50% ± 3% calorific value are that the height spray steam coal of 26000~27000 kj/kg forms, and each component total amount is 100%.
Each adopting parameters in method for calcinating of the present invention:
1. the selection of raw material granularity and control
Particle surface and inner rate of heat transfer thereof in granular limestone calcination process; CO 2Granule interior and leave particle after rate of diffusion; All directly affect the decomposition of Wingdale.Under certain temperature, the relation of rate of heat transfer and limestone particle granularity is very big.This is that granularity is larger because the heat transfer of particle (piece) shape body is from outward appearance to inner essence carried out, and the rate of heat transfer of particle and inside thereof is slower, and the speed of burning till accordingly is also slower; Can produce ventilative degree inequality or cause the air-flow walking freely not to be unsuitable for heat transfer but grain graininess is too little.Coventional type biobelt lime rotary kiln can adapt to the particulate state Wingdale of various particle diameters, in the traditional technology calcination process, due to the rate of heat transfer of the lime rate of heat transfer much smaller than Wingdale, along with outer field lkd layer more and more thicker after, the rate of heat transfer of internal granular layer can be more and more slower.Required calcination time is just longer, and so long-time high temperature can make limestone surfaces burning " porcelain ", thereby makes inner CO 2Gas is discharged difficulty, and decarburization is incomplete, forms raw burn.In order to obtain satisfied sintering effect, can not pay too much heat again simultaneously, adopting the particle diameter of limestone particle in method for calcinating of the present invention is 20~40mm.
2. the technology controlling and process of heat transfer process
Due to the difference of Wingdale and lime thermal conductivity, the instantaneity of the actual decomposition course of Wingdale, for particle (piece) shape Wingdale, heating rate in the lime sintering process should not fixed, and different sintering processes should be given different temperature rise rates.
1) temperature is controlled: because the thermal conductivity of lime is much smaller than the thermal conductivity of Wingdale, in calcination process, along with the increase of outer lkd layer thickness, heat just is difficult to enter limestone particle inside, makes calcinating speed slow down on the contrary.Therefore should not pursue the predecomposition rate of Wingdale at pre-heating stage, and should all possess the critical temperature of decomposition as target (850 ℃) inside and outside limestone particle.All reach when decomposing critical temperature until core temperature of particle and surface temperature, promote rapidly temperature to decomposition temperature (1000 ℃~1200 ℃) in the stage of burning till, the heat that is used in decomposition is able to arrive at very soon granule interior, is conducive to the ideal generation of lime.Although the decomposition course of this moment is also from outward appearance to inner essence that the time is shorter, the negative impact meeting minimum that unfavorable factor causes.Because the calcination process operation has certain fluctuation temperature can not be controlled to a point, therefore pre-hot air temperature is controlled at 800 ℃~850 ℃, divide to ungird the temperature basic controlling at 850 ℃~1000 ℃, burning zone temperature is controlled between 1000 ℃~1200 ℃, and the Activity of Lime of calcining is higher.
2) control of time: calcination time is crossed short reaction and is carried out not exclusively " raw burn " can occurring; But calcination time is long, and the lime crystal that has generated merges, and completes simultaneously the perfect of CaO initial crystallization crystalline imperfection, can make porosity reduction, the pore size distribution of final product worsen, and then make activity decreased; So clinkering zone length should not surpass 35m.
3. CO 2Granule interior and leave particle after diffusion
CO in reaction environment 2Equilibrium pressure increase along with the rising of temperature, CO in reaction atmosphere 2Dividing potential drop during less than equilibrium partial pressure, decomposition reaction can be carried out.CO in reaction atmosphere 2When dividing potential drop increases, unless in time with its eliminating, otherwise just need to improve temperature, just can impel Wingdale to carry out to the direction of decomposition reaction.From CO 2Discharge is had in mind, discharges smoothly internally in order to make gas, and must there be high temperature inside in order to produce high CO 2Pressure.And inner high-temperature is from the transmission of outside high-temperature, and outside temperature is too high, can cause the limestone particle surface sintering of calcine layer, and sintering forms " closely knit " layer or " porcelain " layer, makes to decompose the CO that overflows 2Discharge difficulty, hindered CO 2Discharge, the lime speed of burning till is slowed down, even can not carry out.And the product of Wingdale after decomposing fully, by tiny twisted lattice or little being formed by the crystallization CaO group of crack segmentation to each other.Very natural, at these local crystallization CaO, owing to having spot defect and dislocation, and have high surface can, and have thus the characteristics of high response capacity.If calcination time is long, the lime crystal that has generated is merged, complete simultaneously the perfect of CaO initial crystallization crystalline imperfection, can make porosity reduction, the pore size distribution of final product worsen, and then make activity decreased.
Therefore, CO 2The discharge situation had a strong impact on the calcining temperature of lime and the activity of time and lime.When as above selected 1000~1200 ℃ of calcining temperature employings, the porosity of lime is higher, the CO that in Wingdale, partial solution discharges 2More easily discharge, but inner CO 2Discharge can make the dividing potential drop of outside calcination environment increase over equilibrium partial pressure fast, is unfavorable for carrying out smoothly of decomposition reaction.Therefore must guarantee negative pressure in rotary kiln, namely the kiln hood negative pressure is not more than-50Pa, in order in time discharge residual air in kiln.
4. the selection of fuel
When having the phosphorus of too high levels to exist in product made from steel, can make steel cold shortness at normal temperatures increase (be phosphorus content>0.13% time), namely cause the be full of cracks of steel.When the sulphur content in product made from steel is too high, can obviously destroy the welding property of steel, reduce the impelling strength of steel, steel is cracked when heating rolling or casting, i.e. " hot-short ", and can obviously reduce erosion resistance (corrosion) and the wear resistance of steel.Therefore, sulphur has the title of " termite " to the hazardness of product made from steel.Therefore, the low-sulfur phosphorus content in the fuel that uses during calcined limestone particle manufacture lime also has low value to require, and when requiring more than satisfying, Fuel importantly will have higher calorific value.It is the height spray steam coal multifuel combustion of 26000~27000kj/kg that method for calcinating of the present invention adopts mixed gas and calorific value, both solved the short defective of Single gas calcining flame, fully utilize again coke oven, converter waste gas, reduced the usage quantity of coal, reduced exhaust gas emission.Its physical and chemical index is as shown in table 1.
Use the physical and chemical index of fuel in table 1 method for calcinating of the present invention
Method for calcinating of the present invention can form multi-pore structure, highly active CaO when heating gradually carbonate-free lime stone, make its activity degree 〉=360mL, CaO 〉=92%; Improve CO 2In granule interior with the rate of diffusion after leaving particle, reduce CO 2In intragranular residual quantity, guarantee raw burn≤2%.
Embodiment 1
The particle diameter limestone particle that is 20mm is sent into preheating 40min in the preheater of the rotary kiln that uses in traditional technology, after making limestone particle surface and core temperature all reach 800 ℃, enter the rotary kiln body and be warming up to 1000 ℃, continue afterwards to heat up, burn till the low-carbon (LC) active lime at the temperature of 1100 ℃, the length of clinkering zone is not more than 35m; Adopt by volume in whole calcination process, the propellant combination that the height spray steam coal that is 26000kj/kg by 37% coke-oven gas, 13% coal gas of converter and 50% calorific value forms carries out multifuel combustion.After testing, the crystallization particle diameter of this low-carbon (LC) active lime is 1.39 cm 2/ g, density are 1.57 g/cm 3, specific surface area is 16300 cm 2/ g, porosity 48.0%, shrinking percentage 17%.
Comparative Examples 1
Limestone particle with traditional calcining process calcining embodiment 1 adopts generates lime.This lime is detected, and its crystallization particle diameter is 1.74cm 2/ g, density are 2.54/cm 3, specific surface area is 10595cm 2/ g, porosity 39%, shrinking percentage 43%.
Can find out from embodiment 1 and Comparative Examples 1, adopt the crystallization particle diameter of the lime of method for calcinating generation of the present invention to be far smaller than the lime that the traditional technology calcining generates.And the crystallization particle diameter of lime is less, and porosity is larger, and density is less, and specific surface area is larger, and it is active just higher.Illustrate and adopt method for calcinating of the present invention can make the lime with greater activity.
Embodiment 2
The particle diameter limestone particle that is 40mm is sent into preheating 45min in the preheater of the rotary kiln that uses in traditional technology, after making limestone particle surface and core temperature all reach 850 ℃, enter the rotary kiln body and be warming up to again 930 ℃, continue afterwards to heat up, burn till the low-carbon (LC) active lime at the temperature of 1200 ℃, clinkering zone length is not more than 35m; Adopt by volume per-cent in whole calcination process, the propellant combination that the height spray steam coal that is 27000kj/kg by 40% coke-oven gas, 7% coal gas of converter and 50% calorific value forms carries out multifuel combustion.After testing, the crystallization particle diameter of this low-carbon (LC) active lime is 1.1 cm 2/ g, density are 1.44 g/cm 3, specific surface area is 19860 cm 2/ g, porosity 52.0%, shrinking percentage 13%.
Comparative Examples 2
Limestone particle with traditional calcining process calcining embodiment 2 adopts generates lime.This lime is detected, and its crystallization particle diameter is 1.56cm 2/ g, density are 2.05g/cm 3, specific surface area is 13820cm 2/ g, porosity 44%, shrinking percentage 30%.
Can find out from embodiment 2 and Comparative Examples 2, adopt the crystallization particle diameter of the lime of method for calcinating generation of the present invention to be far smaller than the lime that the traditional technology calcining generates.And the crystallization particle diameter of lime is less, and porosity is larger, and density is less, and specific surface area is larger, and it is active just higher.Illustrate and adopt method for calcinating of the present invention can make the lime with greater activity.
Embodiment 3
The particle diameter limestone particle that is 30mm is sent into preheating 35min in the preheater of the rotary kiln that uses in traditional technology, after making limestone particle surface and core temperature all reach 825 ℃, enter the rotary kiln body and be warming up to again 850 ℃, continue afterwards to heat up, burn till the low-carbon (LC) active lime at the temperature of 1000 ℃, clinkering zone length is not more than 35m; Adopt by volume per-cent in whole calcination process, the propellant combination that the height spray steam coal that is 26500kj/kg by 47% coke-oven gas, 10% coal gas of converter and 47% calorific value forms carries out multifuel combustion.
After testing, the crystallization particle diameter of this low-carbon (LC) active lime is 1.27 cm 2/ g, density are 1.51 g/cm 3, specific surface area is 17800 cm 2/ g, porosity 50.0%, shrinking percentage 16%.
Comparative Examples 3
Limestone particle with traditional calcining process calcining embodiment 3 adopts generates lime.This lime is detected, and its crystallization particle diameter is 1.64cm 2/ g, density are 2.23g/cm 3, specific surface area is 12400cm 2/ g, porosity 41%, shrinking percentage 38%.
Can find out from embodiment 3 and Comparative Examples 3, adopt the crystallization particle diameter of the lime of method for calcinating generation of the present invention to be far smaller than the lime that the traditional technology calcining generates.And the crystallization particle diameter of lime is less, and porosity is larger, and density is less, and specific surface area is larger, and it is active just higher.Illustrate and adopt method for calcinating of the present invention can make the lime with greater activity.

Claims (5)

1. low-carbon (LC) active lime method for calcinating, it is characterized in that: limestone particle is sent into preheater preheating 40 ± 5min, after making the surface of limestone particle and core temperature all reach 800~850 ℃, send into the rotary kiln body and be warming up to again 850 ℃~1000 ℃, afterwards, being not more than 35m, temperature in length is that the clinkering zone of 1000~1200 ℃ burns till the low-carbon (LC) active lime.
2. low-carbon (LC) active lime method for calcinating according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described rotary kiln end negative pressure is not more than-50Pa.
3. low-carbon (LC) active lime method for calcinating according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the particle diameter of described limestone particle is 20~40mm.
4. low-carbon (LC) active lime method for calcinating according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the propellant combination that adopts mixed gas and high spray steam coal to form in the limestone calcination process.
5. low-carbon (LC) active lime method for calcinating according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described propellant combination, by volume per-cent is 26000~27000 kj/kg by the calorific value of 40% ± 3% coke-oven gas, 10% ± 3% coal gas of converter and 50% ± 3% height spray steam coal forms, and each component total amount is 100%.
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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105217974A (en) * 2015-08-31 2016-01-06 建德市新安江永合塑胶厂 High-quality calcium oxide production technique and device
CN106380091A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-08 博广热能股份有限公司 Method for calcining active lime
CN107746190A (en) * 2017-07-26 2018-03-02 深圳市天橙宝投资发展有限公司 Calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide preparation method, the calciner for preparing calcium oxide
CN107759115A (en) * 2017-12-12 2018-03-06 泰安中意重型工业设备有限公司 The new process for calcining and device of a kind of powdered lime
CN112010573A (en) * 2020-08-31 2020-12-01 安徽工业大学 Preparation method and use method of quick-dissolving lime for converter slag

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102183142A (en) * 2010-12-31 2011-09-14 周生献 Semi-heat accumulating type rotating bed equipment and process for producing large-size high-activity lime
CN102745914A (en) * 2012-07-03 2012-10-24 江苏永钢集团有限公司 Roasting process for active lime in rotary kiln

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102183142A (en) * 2010-12-31 2011-09-14 周生献 Semi-heat accumulating type rotating bed equipment and process for producing large-size high-activity lime
CN102745914A (en) * 2012-07-03 2012-10-24 江苏永钢集团有限公司 Roasting process for active lime in rotary kiln

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105217974A (en) * 2015-08-31 2016-01-06 建德市新安江永合塑胶厂 High-quality calcium oxide production technique and device
CN105217974B (en) * 2015-08-31 2017-03-29 建德市新安江永合塑胶厂 High-quality calcium oxide production technology and device
CN106380091A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-08 博广热能股份有限公司 Method for calcining active lime
CN107746190A (en) * 2017-07-26 2018-03-02 深圳市天橙宝投资发展有限公司 Calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide preparation method, the calciner for preparing calcium oxide
CN107759115A (en) * 2017-12-12 2018-03-06 泰安中意重型工业设备有限公司 The new process for calcining and device of a kind of powdered lime
CN112010573A (en) * 2020-08-31 2020-12-01 安徽工业大学 Preparation method and use method of quick-dissolving lime for converter slag
CN112010573B (en) * 2020-08-31 2022-02-25 安徽工业大学 Preparation method and use method of quick-dissolving lime for converter slag

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