CN103170725A - Electromagnetic friction stir spot welding device and method thereof - Google Patents
Electromagnetic friction stir spot welding device and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103170725A CN103170725A CN2013101222692A CN201310122269A CN103170725A CN 103170725 A CN103170725 A CN 103170725A CN 2013101222692 A CN2013101222692 A CN 2013101222692A CN 201310122269 A CN201310122269 A CN 201310122269A CN 103170725 A CN103170725 A CN 103170725A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an electromagnetic friction stir spot welding device which comprises a welding cushion block, a stirring head, a stirring needle, a clamping sleeve, a stirring sleeve, a first excitation coil, a second excitation coil, a power transformation device and a displacement sensor, wherein the stirring needle is arranged at the inner layer of the stirring head, the clamping sleeve is arranged at the outer layer of the stirring head, the stirring sleeve is arranged between the stirring needle and the clamping sleeve, the first excitation coil and the second excitation coil are respectively arranged on the clamping sleeve and the welding cushion block and are symmetrically distributed, the power transformation device is electrically connected with the first excitation coil and the second excitation coil, and the displacement sensor is electrically connected with the stirring sleeve and the power transformation device. According to the electromagnetic friction stir spot welding device, the power transformation device provides a strong magnetic field for welding materials in a molten state in a pressing-in stage, a refilling stage and a forging and pressing process, and thus the plastic flow capacity of the welding materials in the molten state is remarkably improved, the welding condition of a joint is improved, a re-crystallized grain is further refined, the microstructure morphology of a spot welding joint is improved, and the quality of the spot welding joint is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to solder technology equipment, relate in particular to a kind of electromagnetic agitation friction spot welding devices and methods therefor.
Background technology
Friction stir spot welding (Friction Stir Spot Welding, FSSW) is to weld on the basis at " linearity " agitating friction, recently the solder technology of a kind of innovation of research and development.FSSW can form the lap joint of spot welding, and its weld appearance is similar with the resistance spot welding that usually is applied to aluminium alloy element, thereby has very high using value and Research Significance
At present, two kinds of different FSSW technology have been reported in published data.First method is that Japanese Mazda motor corporation is in the friction stir spot welding of invention in 1993, this friction stir spot welding is called again " with the friction stir spot welding that withdraws from the hole " technology, the welding equipment that adopts and common agitating friction welding equipment class are seemingly, concrete welding process can be divided into 3 stage: a, process of press in: stirring-head constantly rotates, insert in the connection workpiece by applying upsetting force, produce frictional heat between workpiece and stirring-head under pressure, softening material around, stirring-head further is pressed into workpiece; B, connection procedure: stirring-head is embedded in workpiece fully, keeps stirring-head pressure and makes shaft shoulder contact surface of the work, continues the rotation certain hour; C, withdraw process: complete connect after stirring-head withdraw from from workpiece, stay at the spotweld center and typically withdraw from shrinkage pool.
Second method is that German GKSS research center is in the friction stir spot welding of invention in 1999, adopt special stirring-head, relative motion by accurate each parts of control stirring-head, when withdrawing, stirring-head fills the hole of withdrawing from that stirring-head forms in welding process, adopt the spotweld of the method welding smooth, the solder joint center does not have shrinkage pool.The stirring-head of friction stir spot welding mainly is comprised of three parts, is respectively sleeve and the outermost chuck in inner most probe, intermediate layer.Wherein, chuck is fixed when welding, do not rotate, and the probe of the sleeve in intermediate layer and innermost layer has both rotated the relative motion that also occurs vertically when welding.In the friction stir spot welding process, the material of stirring area is subject to the stirring-head effect and carries out complicated circular motion and axially-movable, issues lively attitude recrystallization, the recrystallized structure of formation equi-axed crystal in the comprehensive function of heat and power.
But, in the friction stir spot plumb joint, the microstructure morphology of stirring area, the heat engine zone of influence and heat affected area and crystallite dimension butt joint are drawn and the mechanical property such as are cut, tired and produce material impact, and existing recrystallized structure degree of refinement can not satisfy the demand of existing technique.Therefore, seek the recrystallized structure in a kind of effectively refinement joint, thereby the method that improves the combination property of tack-weld has become one of industry problem demanding prompt solution.
Therefore for the problem that prior art exists, this case designer relies on the industry experience for many years of being engaged in, the active research improvement is so there has been a kind of electromagnetic agitation friction spot welding of the present invention devices and methods therefor.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be directed in prior art, in described friction stir spot plumb joint, the microstructure morphology of stirring area, the heat engine zone of influence and heat affected area and crystallite dimension butt joint are drawn and the mechanical property such as are cut, tired and produce material impact, and existing recrystallized structure degree of refinement can not satisfy the demand of existing technique or can produce defectives such as withdrawing from shrinkage pool a kind of electromagnetic agitation friction spot welding device is provided.
Another purpose of the present invention is in prior art, and existing recrystallized structure degree of refinement can not satisfy the demand of existing technique or can produce the welding method that defectives such as withdrawing from shrinkage pool provides a kind of electromagnetic agitation friction spot welding device.
In order to address the above problem, the invention provides a kind of electromagnetic agitation friction spot welding device, described electromagnetic agitation friction spot welding device comprises: the welding cushion block, described welding cushion block is used for carrying described sheet material to be welded; Stirring-head, described stirring-head is used for welding described sheet material to be welded, and further comprise the mixing needle that is arranged on described stirring-head nexine, be arranged on the outer field gripping sleeve of described stirring-head, and be arranged on stirring cover between described mixing needle and described gripping sleeve, described mixing needle, stirring cover, and the central axis setting altogether of described gripping sleeve; The first magnet exciting coil and the second magnet exciting coil, described the first magnet exciting coil and described the second magnet exciting coil are separately positioned on described gripping sleeve and described welding cushion block, and are symmetric centered by described welding cushion block; Power-converting device, the output of described power-converting device drives input with first of described the first magnet exciting coil and the first earth terminal is electrically connected to, the output of described power-converting device drives input with second of described the second magnet exciting coil and the second earth terminal is electrically connected to, and described the first magnet exciting coil and described the second magnet exciting coil are arranged in parallel; And displacement transducer, an end of described displacement transducer is electrically connected to described stirring cover, and the other end of described displacement transducer is electrically connected to described power-converting device.
Alternatively, described the first magnet exciting coil and described the second magnet exciting coil are the solenoid magnet exciting coil with iron core.
For realizing the present invention's another purpose, the invention provides a kind of welding method of electromagnetic agitation friction spot welding device, described method comprises:
Execution in step S1: begin the welding stage, described sheet material to be welded is provided, and be carried on described welding cushion block, the gripping sleeve of described stirring-head compresses described sheet material to be welded, the mixing needle of described stirring-head contacts with described sheet material to be welded with stirring to overlap, the described stirring-head of described displacement transducer sensing moves on described sheet material to be welded the surface, and with described signal feedback to described power-converting device;
Execution in step S2: be pressed into the stage, described stirring cover is to described sheet material direction rotation motion to be welded, and it is inner to be pressed into described sheet material to be welded, described mixing needle is to the direction rotation motion that differs from described sheet material to be welded, make the material of described sheet material to be welded reach mecystasis, described power-converting device generates exciting current and carries out power amplification, for described the first magnet exciting coil and described the second magnet exciting coil provide size identical and synchronous exciting current signal;
Execution in step S3: backfill stage, when the mixing needle of described stirring-head and described stirring cover move to desired depth, described displacement transducer feeds back to described electric power variation device with the displacement information of described stirring-head, described mixing needle is to the direction rotation motion of described sheet material to be welded, described stirring cover is to the direction rotation motion that differs from described sheet material to be welded, described power-converting device is to the exciting current of described the first magnet exciting coil and described the second magnet exciting coil input, and the described material that is mecystasis further merges, stirs;
Execution in step S4: welding ending phase, after described stirring cover and described mixing needle move to same level, stirring cover and the mixing needle of described stirring-head stop the rotation, described stirring-head keeps forging and pressing at described sheet material to be welded, and after described forging and pressing process, described stirring-head is removed from described sheet material to be welded, and described power-converting device cuts off exciting current, completes weld job.
Alternatively, be pressed into the stage described, described power-converting device is 500～2000mA to the exciting current of described the first magnet exciting coil and described the second magnet exciting coil input.
Alternatively, described power-converting device is 500～1000mA to the exciting current of described the first magnet exciting coil and described the second magnet exciting coil input.
Alternatively, in the described backfill stage, described power-converting device is 500～2000mA to the exciting current of described the first magnet exciting coil and described the second magnet exciting coil input.
Alternatively, to be enclosed within the forge time on described sheet material to be welded be 0.2～1 second in described stirring.
Alternatively, described stirring-head is removed from described sheet material to be welded after described forging and pressing process, and described power-converting device cuts off exciting current.
In sum, electromagnetic agitation friction spot welding device of the present invention is being pressed into stage, backfill stage by described power-converting device, and in the forging and pressing process, for the welding material of described molten condition provides high-intensity magnetic field, not only make under the violent circumferential stirring action of described high-intensity magnetic field, the Plastic Flow ability that is in the welding material of molten condition significantly improves, and has promoted the welding condition of joint.And, be pressed into stage, backfill stage described, and in the forging and pressing process, the further refinement recrystal grain of the reinforcement stirring action in magnetic field has improved the microstructure morphology of tack-weld, thereby has improved the comprehensive quality of tack-weld.
Description of drawings
Figure 1 shows that the structural representation of electromagnetic agitation friction spot welding device of the present invention;
Figure 2 shows that the welding method flow chart of electromagnetic agitation friction spot welding device of the present invention;
Figure 3 shows that the t-I figure in electromagnetic agitation friction spot welding device welding process of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
By the technology contents, the structural feature that describe the invention in detail, reached purpose and effect, below in conjunction with embodiment and coordinate accompanying drawing to be described in detail.
See also Fig. 1, Figure 1 shows that the structural representation of electromagnetic agitation friction spot welding device of the present invention.Described electromagnetic agitation friction spot welding device 1 comprises welding cushion block 11, and described welding cushion block 11 is used for carrying described sheet material to be welded 2; Stirring-head 12, described stirring-head 12 is used for welding described sheet material to be welded 2, and further comprise the mixing needle 121 that is arranged on described stirring-head 12 nexines, be arranged on the outer field gripping sleeve 122 of described stirring-head 12, and the stirring that is arranged between described mixing needle 121 and described gripping sleeve 122 overlaps 123, described mixing needle 121, stirring cover 123, and the 122 central axis settings altogether of described gripping sleeve; The first magnet exciting coil 13 and the second magnet exciting coil 14, described the first magnet exciting coil 13 and described the second magnet exciting coil 14 are separately positioned on described gripping sleeve 122 and described welding cushion block 11, and are symmetric centered by described welding cushion block 11; Power-converting device 15, the output 151 of described power-converting device 15 drives input 131 with first of described the first magnet exciting coil 13 and the first earth terminal 132 is electrically connected to, the output 151 of described power-converting device 15 drives input 141 with second of described the second magnet exciting coil 14 and the second earth terminal 142 is electrically connected to, and described the first magnet exciting coil 13 is arranged in parallel with described the second magnet exciting coil 14; And displacement transducer 16, an end of described displacement transducer 16 is electrically connected to described stirring cover 123, and the other end of described displacement transducer 14 is electrically connected to described power-converting device 15.
Wherein, described the first magnet exciting coil 13 and described the second magnet exciting coil 14 are the solenoid magnet exciting coil with iron core.Described electric power variation device 15 is used for generating exciting current and carrying out power amplification, thinks described the first magnet exciting coil 13 and described the second magnet exciting coil 14 identical and synchronous exciting current signals of output size.
See also Fig. 2, Fig. 3, and in conjunction with consulting Fig. 1, Figure 2 shows that the welding method flow chart of electromagnetic agitation friction spot welding device of the present invention.Figure 3 shows that the t-I figure in electromagnetic agitation friction spot welding device welding process of the present invention.The welding method of described electromagnetic agitation friction spot welding device 1 comprises:
Execution in step S1: begin the welding stage, described sheet material to be welded 2 is provided, and be carried on described welding cushion block 11, the gripping sleeve 122 of described stirring-head 12 compresses described sheet material 2 to be welded, the mixing needle 121 of described stirring-head 12 contacts with described sheet material 2 to be welded with stirring cover 123, the described displacement transducer 16 described stirring-heads 12 of sensing move on described sheet material to be welded 2 surface 21, and with described signal feedback to described power-converting device 15;
execution in step S2: be pressed into the stage, described stirring cover 123 is to described sheet material 2 direction rotation motions to be welded, and be pressed into described sheet material to be welded 2 inside, described mixing needle 121 is to the direction rotation motion that differs from described sheet material to be welded 2, stirring cover 123 and mixing needle 121 High Rotation Speeds of described stirring-head 12, and produce friction with described sheet material 2 to be welded, make the material of described sheet material to be welded 2 reach mecystasis, described stirring cover 123 and 121 relative motions of described mixing needle, and provide the space for the described motion that is the material of mecystasis, described power-converting device 15 generates exciting current and carries out power amplification, for described the first magnet exciting coil 13 and described the second magnet exciting coil 14 provide size identical and synchronous exciting current signal,
Wherein, described mixing needle 121 thinks that to the direction rotation motion that differs from described sheet material to be welded 2 the described motion that is the material of mecystasis provides the space.Described stirring cover 123 occurs mutually to stir and motion to promote the described material that is mecystasis to the direction rotation motion of described sheet material 2 to be welded.Be pressed into the stage described, described power-converting device 15 is to the exciting current I of described the first magnet exciting coil 13 and described the second magnet exciting coil 14 inputs
1Be 500～2000mA.
Execution in step S3: backfill stage, when the mixing needle 121 of described stirring-head 12 and described stirring cover 123 move to desired depth, described displacement transducer 16 feeds back to described electric power variation device 15 with the displacement information of described stirring-head 12, described mixing needle 121 is to the direction rotation motion of described sheet material 2 to be welded, described stirring cover 123 is to the direction rotation motion that differs from described sheet material to be welded 2, in the described backfill stage, described power-converting device 15 is to the exciting current I of described the first magnet exciting coil 13 and described the second magnet exciting coil 14 inputs
2Be 500～2000mA, the described material that is mecystasis further merges, stirs.
As the preferred embodiment of the present invention, be pressed into the stage described, described power-converting device 15 is to the exciting current I of described the first magnet exciting coil 13 and described the second magnet exciting coil 14 inputs
1Be 500～1000mA; In the described backfill stage, described power-converting device 15 is to the exciting current I of described the first magnet exciting coil 13 and described the second magnet exciting coil 14 inputs
2Be 500～2000mA.
Execution in step S4: welding ending phase, after described stirring cover 123 and described mixing needle 121 move to same level, stirring cover 123 and the mixing needle 121 of described stirring-head 12 stop the rotation, described stirring-head 12 keeps forging and pressing at described sheet material 2 to be welded, and described stirring-head 12 is removed from described sheet material 2 to be welded after described forging and pressing process, described power-converting device 15 cuts off exciting current, completes weld job.
Wherein, the forge time of described stirring cover 12 on described sheet material 2 to be welded is preferably 0.2～1 second.In described forging and pressing process, the strong magnetic field action of the exciting current of described power-converting device 15 is further strengthened mixing effect, reaches the recrystallized structure in the refinement joint.
Significantly, electromagnetic agitation friction spot welding device 1 of the present invention is when the exciting current conducting of described power-converting device 15, and Welded Joints has applied high-intensity magnetic field in welding process.Under the violent circumferential stirring action of described high-intensity magnetic field, the Plastic Flow ability that is in the welding material of molten condition is improved, and has promoted the welding condition of joint.In addition, be pressed into stage, backfill stage described, and in the forging and pressing process, the further refinement recrystal grain of the reinforcement stirring action in magnetic field has improved the microstructure morphology of tack-weld, thereby has improved the comprehensive quality of tack-weld.
In sum, electromagnetic agitation friction spot welding device of the present invention is being pressed into stage, backfill stage by described power-converting device, and in the forging and pressing process, for the welding material of described molten condition provides high-intensity magnetic field, not only make under the violent circumferential stirring action of described high-intensity magnetic field, the Plastic Flow ability that is in the welding material of molten condition significantly improves, and has promoted the welding condition of joint.And, be pressed into stage, backfill stage described, and in the forging and pressing process, the further refinement recrystal grain of the reinforcement stirring action in magnetic field has improved the microstructure morphology of tack-weld, thereby has improved the comprehensive quality of tack-weld.
Those skilled in the art all should be appreciated that, in the situation that do not break away from the spirit or scope of the present invention, can carry out various modifications and variations to the present invention.Thereby, if when any modification or modification fall in the protection domain of appended claims and equivalent, think that the present invention contains these modifications and modification.
Claims (8)
1. an electromagnetic agitation friction spot welding device, is characterized in that, described electromagnetic agitation friction spot welding device comprises:
The welding cushion block, described welding cushion block is used for carrying described sheet material to be welded;
Stirring-head, described stirring-head is used for welding described sheet material to be welded, and further comprise the mixing needle that is arranged on described stirring-head nexine, be arranged on the outer field gripping sleeve of described stirring-head, and be arranged on stirring cover between described mixing needle and described gripping sleeve, described mixing needle, stirring cover, and the central axis setting altogether of described gripping sleeve;
The first magnet exciting coil and the second magnet exciting coil, described the first magnet exciting coil and described the second magnet exciting coil are separately positioned on described gripping sleeve and described welding cushion block, and are symmetric centered by described welding cushion block;
Power-converting device, the output of described power-converting device drives input with first of described the first magnet exciting coil and the first earth terminal is electrically connected to, the output of described power-converting device drives input with second of described the second magnet exciting coil and the second earth terminal is electrically connected to, and described the first magnet exciting coil and described the second magnet exciting coil are arranged in parallel; And,
Displacement transducer, an end of described displacement transducer is electrically connected to described stirring cover, and the other end of described displacement transducer is electrically connected to described power-converting device.
2. electromagnetic agitation friction spot welding devices and methods therefor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described the first magnet exciting coil and described the second magnet exciting coil are the solenoid magnet exciting coil with iron core.
3. the welding method of an electromagnetic agitation friction spot welding device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described method comprises:
Execution in step S1: begin the welding stage, described sheet material to be welded is provided, and be carried on described welding cushion block, the gripping sleeve of described stirring-head compresses described sheet material to be welded, the mixing needle of described stirring-head contacts with described sheet material to be welded with stirring to overlap, the described stirring-head of described displacement transducer sensing moves on described sheet material to be welded the surface, and with described signal feedback to described power-converting device;
Execution in step S2: be pressed into the stage, described stirring cover is to described sheet material direction rotation motion to be welded, and it is inner to be pressed into described sheet material to be welded, described mixing needle is to the direction rotation motion that differs from described sheet material to be welded, make the material of described sheet material to be welded reach mecystasis, described power-converting device generates exciting current and carries out power amplification, for described the first magnet exciting coil and described the second magnet exciting coil provide size identical and synchronous exciting current signal;
Execution in step S3: backfill stage, when the mixing needle of described stirring-head and described stirring cover move to desired depth, described displacement transducer feeds back to described electric power variation device with the displacement information of described stirring-head, described mixing needle is to the direction rotation motion of described sheet material to be welded, described stirring cover is to the direction rotation motion that differs from described sheet material to be welded, described power-converting device is to the exciting current of described the first magnet exciting coil and described the second magnet exciting coil input, and the described material that is mecystasis further merges, stirs;
Execution in step S4: welding ending phase, after described stirring cover and described mixing needle move to same level, stirring cover and the mixing needle of described stirring-head stop the rotation, described stirring-head keeps forging and pressing at described sheet material to be welded, and after described forging and pressing process, described stirring-head is removed from described sheet material to be welded, and described power-converting device cuts off exciting current, completes weld job.
4. the welding method of electromagnetic agitation friction spot welding device as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, is pressed into the stage described, and described power-converting device is 500～2000mA to the exciting current of described the first magnet exciting coil and described the second magnet exciting coil input.
5. the welding method of electromagnetic agitation friction spot welding device as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, is pressed into the stage described, and described power-converting device is 500～1000mA to the exciting current of described the first magnet exciting coil and described the second magnet exciting coil input.
6. as the welding method of claim 4 or electromagnetic agitation friction spot welding device claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, in the described backfill stage, described power-converting device is 500～2000mA to the exciting current of described the first magnet exciting coil and described the second magnet exciting coil input.
7. the welding method of electromagnetic agitation friction spot welding device as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, the forge time that described stirring is enclosed within on described sheet material to be welded is 0.2～1 second.
8. the welding method of electromagnetic agitation friction spot welding device as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, after described forging and pressing process, described stirring-head is removed from described sheet material to be welded, and described power-converting device cuts off exciting current.
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| CN105728934A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-07-06 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Electromagnetic auxiliary friction stir welding device and method for refining crystal grains by aid of same |
| CN108544080A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-09-18 | 吉林大学 | Agitating friction welder under electromagnetism booster action |
| CN108723566A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2018-11-02 | 常州铭赛机器人科技股份有限公司 | Punching press Resistance Welding welding system and its welding method |
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| CN108941880A (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2018-12-07 | 上海电机学院 | A kind of pre-filled friction stir spot welding method for eliminating hole defect |
| CN113263255A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-08-17 | 天津大学 | Friction stir welding electromagnetic force increasing device with internal force balancing mechanism and method |
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| CN105108316A (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2015-12-02 | 昆山斯格威电子科技有限公司 | Accumulated chipping removing device of stir friction spot welding apparatus |
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| CN113263255B (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2022-03-15 | 天津大学 | Friction stir welding electromagnetic force increasing device with internal force balancing mechanism and method |
| CN113263255A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-08-17 | 天津大学 | Friction stir welding electromagnetic force increasing device with internal force balancing mechanism and method |
| CN113857649A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2021-12-31 | 北京赛福斯特技术有限公司 | Electromagnetic auxiliary backfill type friction stir spot welding device |
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| CN113857649B (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2023-02-10 | 北京赛福斯特技术有限公司 | Electromagnetism is supplementary to be backfilled formula friction stir spot welding device |
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Application publication date: 20130626 |