CN103164330A - Automatic generation method for software test case - Google Patents
Automatic generation method for software test case Download PDFInfo
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- CN103164330A CN103164330A CN2011104173913A CN201110417391A CN103164330A CN 103164330 A CN103164330 A CN 103164330A CN 2011104173913 A CN2011104173913 A CN 2011104173913A CN 201110417391 A CN201110417391 A CN 201110417391A CN 103164330 A CN103164330 A CN 103164330A
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Abstract
An automatic generation method for a software test case comprises the following steps: establishing multiple predetermined case generation specification modules and combinational algorithms; inputting at least one test parameter value according to test demands to create an extensible markup language (XML) file; reading in the XML file and selecting test parameters and corresponding combinational algorithms; establishing multiple valid parameter test cases and multiple invalid parameter test cases with the multiple predetermined case generation specification modules according to the test parameters which are read in; synthesizing the multiple parameter test cases into at least one actual test case according to the selected combinational algorithms; and outputting the actual test case as a receipt file. Therefore, testing personnel can finish output of a test case receipt automatically after creating the XML file according to the demands, workloads of the testing personnel are greatly reduced, and the universality of a test platform and the reliability of test results are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the computer software testing technology, refer to especially a kind of software test case automatic generating method.
Background technology
Software test is very important link in soft project, particularly in the test of software interface, in order to guarantee the stable of interface, guarantees the stability of whole software program.Traditional test case compiling procedure is by manually completing mostly, the complicacy of writing due to use-case file and test code etc., add use-case numerous, extendability is poor, and the use-case that obtains at last contains a large amount of repeating datas and is difficult for revising, cause test process to take time and effort, uncertainly reach good effect.
For instance, take Chinese Internal Code Specification (GBK) test alphabetic of software text interface as example, about more than 20,000 of all GBK characters, if always having four fields, test needs the dependence test use-case, according to former way, the tester needs tens thousand of documents of hand-coding, just has way to survey whole GBK characters, is a dullness and weary work to the tester undoubtedly.
Therefore, the relevant dealer of software test at present needs a kind of method or scheme badly, except guaranteeing to generate comparatively various test case by different parameters setting and specification, can alleviate tester's burden again, and improve the efficient of test.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of software test case automatic generating method, generate specification and simpler use-case parameter default by separating more complicated use-case, above-mentionedly cause loaded down with trivial details burden because of test job with solving, improve versatility, the reliability of test, the advantage that facilitates the tester to use.
According to an aspect of the present invention, propose a kind of software test case automatic generating method, comprise step: a) set up a plurality of default use-cases and generate specification module and combinational algorithm; B) according at least one test parameter value of testing requirement input, to set up an extending mark language (XML) file; C) read in described XML file, and described test parameter is selected with corresponding combinational algorithm; D) described a plurality of use-case generates the specification module according to the described test parameter that reads in, and sets up a plurality of legal and illegal parameter testing use-cases; E) combinational algorithm of described selection to described a plurality of parameter testing use-cases, synthesizes at least one actual test case; And f) the described actual test case of output is a documents.
According to an embodiment, step a) described combinational algorithm comprises full combination, combination and Orthogonal Composite in pairs.
According to an embodiment, step a) described use-case generation specification module is write with C# language.
According to an embodiment, separately comprise step between step e and f: g) export described actual test case to a user interface; And h) when actual test case is wrong, get back to step b), rebulid an XML file.
According to an embodiment, step g) described user interface is a screen.
In sum, software test case provided by the invention generates automatically, allow the tester set up according to demand the XML file, and automatically complete the generation of test case and calling of parameter, so can carry out the software test of various platforms, and generate the stalling characteristic of specification and test parameter value by use-case, accordingly, greatly simplified tester's workload, the versatility of test and the reliability that improves test result.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of software test case automatic generating method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of another embodiment of software test case automatic generating method of the present invention.
Embodiment
Followingly several embodiments of the invention be will enumerate, and appended graphic, element numbers etc., the effect that describes constitution content of the present invention in detail and will reach coordinated.
The invention provides the global procedures framework of software test, the tester only need to set up for the needs testing softwares and generate specification module (that is trial function), and according to testing requirement with the parameter demand with the XML file edit.Then according to after writing the XML that completes and reading in the demand of test, set up required test case.
See also Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of software test case automatic generating method of the present invention.The software test case automatic generating method of the present embodiment comprises the following steps:
S100 sets up a plurality of default use-cases and generates specification module and combinational algorithm;
S102 is according at least one test parameter value of testing requirement input, to set up an extending mark language (XML) file;
S104 reads in described XML file, and described test parameter is selected with corresponding combinational algorithm;
The described a plurality of use-cases of S106 generate the specification module according to the described test parameter that reads in, and set up a plurality of legal and illegal parameter testing use-cases;
The combinational algorithm of the described selection of S108 synthesizes at least one actual test case to described a plurality of parameter testing use-cases; And
The described actual test case of S110 output is a documents.
at first, shown in Figure 1, the described use-case of setting up of step S100 generates the specification module, take a common software text of making out an invoice as example, make out an invoice in software text interface, always have more than 20 fields and need test, they are respectively documents number, the commodity line number, purchase party name, the side's of purchasing duty paragraph, address, the side of purchasing phone, the side's of purchasing account No., remarks, check the people, the payee, the capable trade name of inventory, the document date, the side's of pin account No., address, the side of pin phone, Description of Goods, measurement unit, specifications and models, quantity, the amount of money, the tax rate, the commodity tax items, discount amount, the amount of tax to be paid, the discount amount of tax to be paid, discount rate, unit price, price mode etc.
Each field has corresponding specification, is namely according to specific needs and the method standard that produces various use-cases is set.The kind of specification is a lot, but generally speaking, can divide into common-use size and special-purpose specification two classes, common-use size goes for a plurality of fields, one side highly versatile, comparatively simple, and special-purpose specification is only applicable to some fields, in general comparatively complicated.
The common-use size example is as follows:
(1) comprise visible unallowable instruction digit/invisible unallowable instruction digit before field, comprise visible unallowable instruction digit/invisible unallowable instruction digit in field, comprise visible unallowable instruction digit/invisible unallowable instruction digit after field.
(2) field length transfinite (long or too short).
(3) field is empty.
(4) field comprises the legal character that does not meet the verification specification.
Special-purpose specification example is as follows:
(1) tax rate: the non-designated tax rate, the multiple tax rate
(2) side's of purchasing duty paragraph: complete zero, check bit is undesirable
(3) Chinese Internal Code Specification (GBK) character
According to an embodiment, the described use-case of step S100 generates the specification module with C# (Sharp) language description out.Below to be write the partial code of unallowable instruction digit specification by C# language:
It should be noted that above-listed C# partial code, is only the example of a teaching, also can by modes such as other Languages such as C language, VB language or JAVA language, set up use-case and generate the specification module.
Please continue referring to Fig. 1, the described extending mark language of step S102 (XML) file is a kind of simple data storage language, and it describes grammer simply also in grasping and using, and for instance, the setting of the side's of purchasing duty paragraph and measurement unit is:
＜field name=" side's of purchasing duty paragraph " type=" duty paragraph " required=" true " length=" 20 "/〉
＜field name=" measurement unit " type=" character " required=" false " length=" 32 " value=" cover "/〉
Consider the restraint condition of each interfield, can arrange following constraint as:
＜logical relation 1 expression=" the if}[tax rate]=(0) { the then}[amount of tax to be paid]=(0) " span 1=" 0.01,0.99 " span 2=" 10,1000 "/
Perhaps
＜formula 2 expression=" ABS} ([amount of money]-[discount amount]/(the 1+[tax rate])-[amount of tax to be paid])＜=100 " span 1=" 10; 1000 " span 2=" 10; 800 " span 3=" 0.01,0.99 " span 4=" 10,600 "/
In simple terms, software test case automatic generating method of the present invention will generate the specification module and the parameter demand designs with C# and XML respectively.Complete if the function of test case parameter setting is focused on the interface operation of test case generator, dirigibility and extendability are inadequate.Complete if be put in bottom code, be unfavorable for the protecting code inner structure, common tester also can not grasp c# simultaneously.And the XML language is simple and easy to using with it and claims, the unfamiliar tester of the c# that just gets it right is as long as just can skillfully grasp through of short duration training, and this way has alleviated tester's burden greatly.
Therefore, by method of the present invention, the tester do not need to consider for detection of trial function, as long as clearly understand the object of test.
Step S104 and S106, as the tester according to testing requirement, set up at least one test parameter value in the XML file after, described test parameter value will be read in corresponding use-case and be generated the specification module, generate the code of writing with C# in the specification module by use-case, set up a plurality of legal and illegal parameter testing use-cases.
For instance, when testing requirement is when purchasing party name and carry out the test of a legal use-case, the tester purchases party name in one of XML file configuration; If when need producing the unallowable instruction digit use-case, can choose at random in the ASCII character table special character be added in described purchase party name after; If in the time of need to carrying out the test of overlength (length) use-case, the described party name of purchasing is repeated to be added on a character string until surpass the length of a regulation.
Be constrained to example with each interfield again, each interfield often has complicated arithmetic or logical OR comparison operation relation, by configure arithmetic expression in the XML file, the parameters such as each field span, it is corresponding legal use-case and illegal use-case that step S106 can generate the value that meets with qualified each field with the method for exhaustion.
The described combinational algorithm of step S100, S104 and S108, for passing through test parameter when step S106 use-case generates the specification module, after setting up a plurality of legal and illegal parameter testing use-cases, with the test case of these parameter testing use-cases according to the synthetic actual requirement of different requirement groups.Common combinational algorithm has full combination, combination or Orthogonal Composite etc. in pairs.
Below respectively full combination, paired combination are described with Orthogonal Composite, yet following explanation being only the example of teaching, is not for restriction the present invention.
Full combination is the simplest array mode in combinational algorithm, and it is all included the various combinations of each field use-case.If N the field of selection arranged, the individual use-case of each Related fields Mi (i=1,2...N), all test case numbers are M1*M2*....MN so.
Combination in pairs in the present embodiment, is IPO (In-Parameter-Order) method that is proposed by people such as Y.Lei.At first the IPO method generates according to the first two parameter and satisfies the test use cases of combination coverage criteria in pairs, then makes it to satisfy the paired combination covering of front 3 parameters by the extend testing set of uses case.And so forth, until all parameters all are included in test case concentrates.
IPO comprises two stages: horizontal extension stage (horizontal growth; The extends perpendicular stage (vertical growth).
IPO method test repeats to use existing test use cases, so can generate fast new test use cases when parameter or parameter value change.
Orthogonal Composite, in combinational algorithm, for multifactor multilevel design, it is to pick out the representational point of part to test according to orthogonality from comprehensive test, these representational points have possessed the characteristics of " Uniform Dispersion; neat comparable ", and Orthogonal Experiment and Design is the main method of fraction Factorial Design.A kind of high-level efficiency, method fast.
For instance, the experiment of a Three factors-levels by comprehensive requirement of experiment, must be carried out the experiment of 3^3=27 kind combination, and not yet considers the repeat number of each combination.If press L9 (3) orthogonal arrage experiment arrangement, only need to do 9 times, carry out 18 experiments by L18 (3) orthogonal arrage, obviously greatly reduced workload.
Can the key of Orthogonal Composite success or not be find suitable orthogonal arrage.Orthogonal arrage is a whole set of regular design table (schedule), is the code name of orthogonal arrage with L, and n is the number of times of test, and t is number of levels, and c is columns, namely may arrange maximum factor numbers.L9 (3) for example, its expression needs to do 9 experiments, 4 factors of observable at most, each factor is 3 levels.In an orthogonal arrage, also respectively number of levels of row is unequal, and we claim that it is the mixed type orthogonal arrage, as L8 (4 * 2), in 5 row of this table, has 1 to classify 4 levels as, and 4 classify 2 levels as.The design of orthogonal arrage is comparatively complicated, and related content can be consulted related documents.This program is take each field as factor, and the different use-cases of each field are that level is determined orthogonal arrage, and orthogonal algorithm namely makes up each field use-case according to orthogonal arrage.
In simple terms, step S108 sets up a plurality of legal and illegal parameter testing use-cases with step S106 and is optimized, improve efficient and the effect of test, the tester does not need in worried test process, the code of corresponding different testing requirements is write, only need to guarantee the configuration of parameter in the XML file and the output as a result of final actual test case, and be documents with final actual test case output (for example printing).
Be example corresponding to the described Chinese Internal Code Specification of background technology (GBK) test alphabetic, method of testing in the past needs tens thousand of documents of tester's hand-coding and code, by software test case automatic generating method of the present invention, the tester only needs to configure the XML file and has specified the GBK character repertoire.Implementation test result according to the inventor, method of the present invention only needs just can generate required test case several seconds, and be more than 1500 document through combinatorial operation (step S108) with document optimization (simplification), relatively traditional tens thousand of documents, this increases work efficiency greatly.
See also Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of another embodiment of software test case automatic generating method of the present invention, according to the present embodiment, between step S108 and S110, separately comprises step:
S112 (for example: screen) exports described actual test case to a user interface; And
S114 checks whether actual test case is wrong, if get back to step S102, rebulids an XML file, if nothing enters step S116 and prints document.
Step S112 and S114 are the scrutiny programs before a kind of document is printed, and are used to provide the tester before printing document, see through preview and carry out the program that a test case result checks.
By above-mentioned method step, software test case automatic generating method of the present invention, generate specification and simpler use-case parameter default by separating more complicated use-case, solve and caused loaded down with trivial details burden because of test job in the past, and versatility, the reliability of raising test, the advantage that facilitates the tester to use.
The above is only embodiments of the invention, and is in order to limit the present invention, not all in the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification of doing, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a software test case automatic generating method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
A) set up a plurality of default use-cases and generate specification module and combinational algorithm;
B) according at least one test parameter value of testing requirement input, to set up an extending mark language XML file;
C) read in described XML file, and described test parameter is selected with corresponding combinational algorithm;
D) described a plurality of use-case generates the specification module according to the described test parameter that reads in, and sets up a plurality of legal and illegal parameter testing use-cases;
E) combinational algorithm of described selection to described a plurality of parameter testing use-cases, synthesizes at least one actual test case; And
F) the described actual test case of output is a documents.
2. software test case automatic generating method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, step a) described combinational algorithm comprises full combinational algorithm.
3. software test case automatic generating method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, step a) described combinational algorithm comprises paired combinational algorithm.
4. software test case automatic generating method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, step a) described combinational algorithm comprises the Orthogonal Composite algorithm.
5. software test case automatic generating method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, step a) described use-case generation specification module is write with C# language.
6. software test case automatic generating method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, between step e and f, separately comprises step:
G) export described actual test case to a user interface; And
H) when actual test case is wrong, get back to step b), rebulid an XML file.
7. software test case automatic generating method as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, step g) described user interface is a screen.
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| CN103544109A (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2014-01-29 | 大连交通大学 | Novel combined test case generation method |
| CN104503900A (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2015-04-08 | 北京奇虎科技有限公司 | Test case generation method and device |
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| CN105808400A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-07-27 | 浪潮电子信息产业股份有限公司 | Server aging testing method easy to apply |
| CN106326125A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-01-11 | 上海合福信息科技有限公司 | Test case generating method |
| CN106354634A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-01-25 | 青岛海信传媒网络技术有限公司 | Interface testing method and device |
| CN106383784A (en) * | 2016-09-20 | 2017-02-08 | 上海爱数信息技术股份有限公司 | Software automated test method and system |
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| CN109062804A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2018-12-21 | 誉光评估工程咨询（青岛）有限公司 | The method for building up of software test case based on BIM |
| CN109491917A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-03-19 | 北京车和家信息技术有限公司 | A kind of test case processing method and its device |
| CN109558316A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-04-02 | 武汉风行在线技术有限公司 | A kind of HTTP interface mobilism parameter test method of Test Strategy automatic configuration |
| CN110209566A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2019-09-06 | 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 | The test method and device of a kind of pair of software |
| CN111045922A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2020-04-21 | 望海康信(北京)科技股份公司 | Test case generation method and system |
| CN111258907A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2020-06-09 | 黑龙江连特科技有限公司 | Automobile instrument testing method, device and equipment |
| CN112214390A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2021-01-12 | 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 | Test case generation method, device, system, equipment and medium |
| CN112445710A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-03-05 | 平安医疗健康管理股份有限公司 | Test method, test device and storage medium |
| CN113408144A (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2021-09-17 | 中国科学院国家空间科学中心 | Design method of test case of spacecraft payload system |
| CN113535565A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-10-22 | 工银科技有限公司 | Interface use case generation method, device, equipment, medium and program product |
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| CN103544109A (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2014-01-29 | 大连交通大学 | Novel combined test case generation method |
| GB2521640A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2015-07-01 | Ibm | Payload Generation |
| US9535824B2 (en) | 2013-12-24 | 2017-01-03 | International Business Machines Corporation | Payload generation for computer software testing |
| CN104503900A (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2015-04-08 | 北京奇虎科技有限公司 | Test case generation method and device |
| CN105808400A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-07-27 | 浪潮电子信息产业股份有限公司 | Server aging testing method easy to apply |
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| CN110209566A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2019-09-06 | 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 | The test method and device of a kind of pair of software |
| CN110209566B (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2021-09-28 | 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 | Method and device for testing software |
| CN109062804A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2018-12-21 | 誉光评估工程咨询（青岛）有限公司 | The method for building up of software test case based on BIM |
| CN109491917A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-03-19 | 北京车和家信息技术有限公司 | A kind of test case processing method and its device |
| CN109558316A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-04-02 | 武汉风行在线技术有限公司 | A kind of HTTP interface mobilism parameter test method of Test Strategy automatic configuration |
| CN112214390A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2021-01-12 | 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 | Test case generation method, device, system, equipment and medium |
| CN112214390B (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2024-01-30 | 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 | Test case generation method, device, system, equipment and medium |
| CN111045922A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2020-04-21 | 望海康信(北京)科技股份公司 | Test case generation method and system |
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| CN112445710A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-03-05 | 平安医疗健康管理股份有限公司 | Test method, test device and storage medium |
| CN113408144A (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2021-09-17 | 中国科学院国家空间科学中心 | Design method of test case of spacecraft payload system |
| CN113408144B (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2021-12-07 | 中国科学院国家空间科学中心 | Design method of test case of spacecraft payload system |
| CN113535565A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-10-22 | 工银科技有限公司 | Interface use case generation method, device, equipment, medium and program product |
| CN113535565B (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2022-10-04 | 工银科技有限公司 | Interface use case generation method, device, equipment and medium |
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