CN103163664A - Frequency-selective wave filter based on micro-ring resonant cavity - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了基于微环谐振腔的选频滤波器，包括微环谐振腔、第一主波导、第二主波导、第一光纤耦合器及第二光纤耦合器，微环谐振腔通过第一光纤耦合器与第一主波导相联，第一主波导的Input端是选频滤波器的信号输入端，第一主波导的Through端是所述选频滤波器的第一信号输出端；微环谐振腔通过第二光纤耦合器与第二主波导相联，第二主波导的Drop端是选频滤波器的第二信号输出端；微环谐振腔一侧于第一光纤耦合器和第二光纤耦合器之间联接第一KDP调制器，另一侧于第一光纤耦合器和第二光纤耦合器之间联接第二KDP调制器，第一KDP调制器、第二KDP调制器都接通电源。本发明选频滤波器具有体积小、易于光纤系统集成、灵敏度高、调谐速度快等优点。
The invention discloses a frequency selective filter based on a microring resonator, including a microring resonator, a first main waveguide, a second main waveguide, a first fiber coupler and a second fiber coupler, and the microring resonator passes through the first The fiber coupler is connected with the first main waveguide, the Input end of the first main waveguide is the signal input end of the frequency selection filter, and the Through end of the first main waveguide is the first signal output end of the frequency selection filter; The ring resonator is connected to the second main waveguide through the second fiber coupler, and the drop end of the second main waveguide is the second signal output end of the frequency selective filter; one side of the microring resonator is connected to the first fiber coupler and the second The first KDP modulator is connected between the two fiber couplers, and the second KDP modulator is connected between the first fiber coupler and the second fiber coupler on the other side, and both the first KDP modulator and the second KDP modulator are connected. Turn on the power. The frequency selection filter of the invention has the advantages of small size, easy integration of optical fiber systems, high sensitivity, fast tuning speed and the like.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于光信息技术领域，具体涉及一种基于微环谐振腔的选频滤波器。The invention belongs to the technical field of optical information, and in particular relates to a frequency-selective filter based on a microring resonant cavity.
背景技术Background technique
随着通信技术地高速发展，微环谐振滤波器受到技术人员的广泛关注和研究，在光通信技术领域中具有越来越重要的作用。微环谐振腔的半径很小(微米级别)，与光波长大小差不多，因此，其具有很高的可集成性。光在谐振腔内反复循环后从该结构的直通端(through)和下路端(drop)输出：当光波与谐振腔达到相位匹配时，光才能从系统的下路端输出，此时的光波波长便是谐振腔系统的谐振波长。而非谐振波长的光将从该结构的直通端输出，因此在直通端可以得到凹陷的传输曲线，从而实现了微环谐振腔的选频滤波功能；并且微环谐振腔波长选择具有很高的高灵敏度：即谐振腔有效折射率的微小变化就能引起输出波长的变化。With the rapid development of communication technology, microring resonator filters have been widely concerned and researched by technicians, and play an increasingly important role in the field of optical communication technology. The radius of the microring resonator is very small (micron level), which is about the same size as the wavelength of light, so it has high integration. The light is output from the through end (through) and the drop end (drop) of the structure after repeated cycles in the resonant cavity: when the light wave and the resonant cavity achieve phase matching, the light can be output from the drop end of the system, and the light wave at this time The wavelength is the resonant wavelength of the cavity system. The light of the non-resonant wavelength will be output from the straight-through end of the structure, so a concave transmission curve can be obtained at the straight-through end, thereby realizing the frequency-selective filtering function of the micro-ring resonator; and the wavelength selection of the micro-ring resonator has a high High sensitivity: That is, a small change in the effective refractive index of the resonator can cause a change in the output wavelength.
然而，现有可调谐滤波器都存在各自的一些缺点，例如，AWG可调谐滤波器的调谐速度慢；声光可调谐滤波器的滤波带宽大、功耗高、结构复杂；等等。However, the existing tunable filters have their own shortcomings, for example, the tuning speed of the AWG tunable filter is slow; the acousto-optic tunable filter has a large filtering bandwidth, high power consumption, and complex structure; and so on.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明提供了一种基于微环谐振腔的选频滤波器。本发明选频滤波器具有体积小、易于光纤系统集成、灵敏度高，调谐速度快等优点，特别适于光通信系统技术中的应用。The invention provides a frequency-selective filter based on a microring resonant cavity. The frequency selection filter of the invention has the advantages of small size, easy integration of optical fiber systems, high sensitivity, fast tuning speed, etc., and is especially suitable for application in optical communication system technology.
本发明采取以下技术方案：基于微环谐振腔的选频滤波器，包括第一电源(1)、第二电源(6)、第一主波导BW1(7)、第二主波导BW2(2)、第一光纤耦合器C1(8)、第二光纤耦合器C2(3)、第一KDP调制器(4)、第二KDP调制器(5)和微环谐振腔(9)；微环谐振腔(9)通过第一光纤耦合器C1(8)和第一主波导BW1(7)相联，其中，Input端是该选频滤波器的信号输入端，Through端是该选频滤波器的其中一个信号输出端——直通端。微环谐振腔(9)还通过第二光纤耦合器C2(3)和第二主波导BW2(2)相联，其中，Drop端是该选频滤波器的另一个信号输出端——下路端。在微环谐振腔(9)的一侧(两个光纤耦合器C1和C2之间)联接第一KDP调制器(4)，另一侧(两个光纤耦合器C1和C2之间)联接第二KDP调制器(5)，两个调制器上都接通电源，即第一KDP调制器(4)接通第一电源(1)，第二KDP调制器(5)接通第二电源(6)。The present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a frequency-selective filter based on a microring resonator, including a first power supply (1), a second power supply (6), a first main waveguide BW1 (7), and a second main waveguide BW2 (2) , the first fiber coupler C 1 (8), the second fiber coupler C 2 (3), the first KDP modulator (4), the second KDP modulator (5) and the microring cavity (9); The ring resonator (9) is connected with the first main waveguide BW1 (7) through the first fiber coupler C 1 (8), wherein the Input end is the signal input end of the frequency selection filter, and the Through end is the frequency selection filter. One of the signal output terminals of the filter - the straight-through terminal. The microring resonator (9) is also connected with the second main waveguide BW2 (2) through the second fiber coupler C 2 (3), wherein the Drop end is another signal output end of the frequency selective filter—the lower end of the road. Connect the first KDP modulator (4) on one side (between two fiber couplers C1 and C2 ) of the microring resonator (9), and the other side (between two fiber couplers C1 and C2) between) to connect the second KDP modulator (5), both modulators are powered on, that is, the first KDP modulator (4) is connected to the first power supply (1), and the second KDP modulator (5) is connected to Second power supply (6).
光波从第一主波导BW1的Input端输入，部分光经耦合器C1耦合进入微环，满足谐振条件的光再经过耦合器C2耦合，再由第二主波导BW2的左端——下路端输出，而非谐振波长的光则由第一主波导BW1的右端——直通端输出，从而实现了该微环谐振腔结构的选频滤波功能。The light wave is input from the Input end of the first main waveguide BW1, part of the light is coupled into the microring through the coupler C 1 , and the light satisfying the resonance condition is coupled through the coupler C 2 , and then from the left end of the second main waveguide BW2—the drop path The light of the non-resonant wavelength is output from the right end of the first main waveguide BW1—the straight-through end, thereby realizing the frequency-selective filtering function of the microring resonator structure.
优选的，该选频滤波器的2个光纤耦合器的交叉耦合系数均为0.3。Preferably, the cross-coupling coefficients of the two fiber couplers of the frequency selective filter are both 0.3.
优选的，该选频滤波器的输入是连续波信号。Preferably, the input of the frequency selective filter is a continuous wave signal.
本发明的特点是在微环谐振腔中增加了两个KDP调制器。KDP调制器是由KDP电光晶体构成，其工作原理是基于电光效应：在外加直流电场或低频电场的作用下，介质的折射率发生与外加电场呈线性关系的变化，使通过波导的光的相位也随之变化。The present invention is characterized in that two KDP modulators are added in the microring resonant cavity. The KDP modulator is composed of KDP electro-optic crystals, and its working principle is based on the electro-optic effect: under the action of an external DC electric field or a low-frequency electric field, the refractive index of the medium changes linearly with the external electric field, making the phase of the light passing through the waveguide It also changes accordingly.
本发明利用FDP调制器来实现基于微环谐振腔的选频滤波功能。当接通电源时，由于KDP调制器的作用，微环谐振腔的有效折射率发生变化，引起微环中传输的光的相位变化，最终将会导致微环谐振腔的谐振波长的变化。微环谐振腔波长选择具有很高的灵敏度：即谐振腔有效折射率的微小变化就能引起输出波长的变化。适当调节电压大小，可以实现任意谐振波长的输出。The invention utilizes the FDP modulator to realize the frequency selection filtering function based on the microring resonant cavity. When the power is turned on, due to the action of the KDP modulator, the effective refractive index of the microring resonator changes, causing the phase change of the light transmitted in the microring, which will eventually lead to the change of the resonant wavelength of the microring resonator. The wavelength selection of the microring resonator has high sensitivity: that is, a small change in the effective refractive index of the resonator can cause a change in the output wavelength. By properly adjusting the voltage, the output of any resonant wavelength can be realized.
本发明选频滤波器具有体积小、易于光纤系统集成、灵敏度高、调谐速度快等优点，特别适于光通信系统技术中的应用。The frequency selection filter of the invention has the advantages of small size, easy integration of optical fiber systems, high sensitivity, fast tuning speed, etc., and is especially suitable for application in optical communication system technology.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为基于微环谐振腔的选频滤波器的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a frequency-selective filter based on a microring resonator.
图1中，A1表示输入光场，ad表示下路端透射光场，at表示直通端透射光场。In Figure 1, A 1 represents the input light field, a d represents the transmitted light field at the down end, and at represents the transmitted light field at the through end.
图2为没有外加电压情况下的系统两个输出端的输出曲线。Figure 2 shows the output curves of the two output terminals of the system without an external voltage.
图2中，Td表示下路端透射率，Tt表示直通端透射率。In Fig. 2, T d represents the transmittance of the down end, and T t represents the transmittance of the through end.
图3为两个外加电压均为2V情况下的系统两个输出端的输出曲线。Figure 3 shows the output curves of the two output terminals of the system when the two applied voltages are both 2V.
图3中，Td表示下路端透射率，Tt表示直通端透射率。In Fig. 3, T d represents the transmittance of the down end, and T t represents the transmittance of the through end.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明实施例作详细说明。Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
如图1所示，本实施例基于微环谐振腔的选频滤波器包括电源1、电源6、主波导BW17、主波导BW22、光纤耦合器C18、光纤耦合器C23、KDP调制器4、KDP调制器5和微环谐振腔9。其中，两个光纤耦合器的交叉耦合系数均为0.3。As shown in Figure 1, the frequency selective filter based on the microring resonator in this embodiment includes power supply 1, power supply 6, main waveguide BW17, main waveguide BW22, fiber coupler C 1 8, fiber coupler C 2 3, KDP modulation device 4, KDP modulator 5 and microring resonator cavity 9. Wherein, the cross-coupling coefficients of the two fiber couplers are both 0.3.
微环谐振腔9通过光纤耦合器C1与主波导BW1相联，其中，Input端是该选频滤波器的信号输入端，Through端是该选频滤波器的其中一个信号输出端——直通端。微环谐振腔9还通过光纤耦合器C2和主波导BW2相联，其中，Drop端是该选频滤波器的另一个信号输出端——下路端。在微环谐振腔9的一侧(两个光纤耦合器C1和C2之间)联接KDP调制器4，另一侧(两个光纤耦合器C1和C2之间)也联接KDP调制器5，两个调制器上都接通电源，即：KDP调制器4与电源1相联，KDP调制器5和电源6相联。The microring resonator 9 is connected with the main waveguide BW1 through the fiber coupler C1 , wherein, the Input end is the signal input end of the frequency selective filter, and the Through end is one of the signal output ends of the frequency selective filter—straight through end. The microring resonator 9 is also connected to the main waveguide BW2 through the fiber coupler C2 , wherein the Drop end is another signal output end of the frequency selective filter—the drop end. One side of the microring resonator 9 (between two fiber couplers C1 and C2 ) connects KDP modulator 4, and the other side (between two fiber couplers C1 and C2 ) also connects KDP modulation 5, both modulators are powered on, that is: KDP modulator 4 is connected to power supply 1, and KDP modulator 5 is connected to power supply 6.
当Input端输入连续波信号，部分光经光纤耦合器C1耦合进入微环，当光信号在微环谐振腔中传输一周产生的相位是2π的整数倍时，即满足谐振条件：βL＝2qπ(q＝1，2，3...)的光经过光纤耦合器C2耦合，再由主波导BW2的左端——下路端输出，而非谐振波长的光则由主波导BW1的右端——直通端输出。适当调节电源大小，在KDP调制器的作用下，选频滤波器的输出谐振波长会发生相应的偏移。When a continuous wave signal is input at the Input port, part of the light is coupled into the microring through the fiber coupler C 1. When the phase of the optical signal transmitted in the microring resonator for one cycle is an integer multiple of 2π, the resonance condition is satisfied: βL=2qπ The light of (q=1, 2, 3...) is coupled by the fiber coupler C2 , and then output from the left end of the main waveguide BW2—the drop end, and the light of non-resonant wavelength is output from the right end of the main waveguide BW1— — Straight-through output. Properly adjust the size of the power supply, under the action of the KDP modulator, the output resonant wavelength of the frequency selection filter will shift accordingly.
如图2所示，U=0V时，系统直通端和下路端的透射率。如图3所示，U=2V时，系统直通端和下路端的透射率。对比图2和图3，可以发现当输入电压变化时，系统的输出谐振波长发生偏移。说明可以通过调节输入电压的大小来控制输出波长。As shown in Figure 2, when U=0V, the transmittance of the through end and the drop end of the system. As shown in Figure 3, when U=2V, the transmittance of the through end and the drop end of the system. Comparing Figure 2 and Figure 3, it can be found that when the input voltage changes, the output resonance wavelength of the system shifts. It shows that the output wavelength can be controlled by adjusting the input voltage.
本发明选频滤波器的选频滤波过程：The frequency selection filtering process of the frequency selection filter of the present invention:
1、根据所需的光信号波长或频率，选择合适的信号波长以满足微环谐振腔的谐振条件。1. According to the required optical signal wavelength or frequency, select the appropriate signal wavelength to meet the resonance conditions of the microring resonator.
2、根据直通端和下路端的输出谐振波长，调整电源大小，从而得到所需的谐振波长。2. Adjust the size of the power supply according to the output resonant wavelengths of the through end and the drop end, so as to obtain the required resonant wavelength.
以上对本发明的优选实施例及原理进行了详细说明，对本领域的普通技术人员而言，依据本发明提供的思想，在具体实施方式上会有改变之处，而这些改变也应视为本发明的保护范围。The preferred embodiments and principles of the present invention have been described in detail above. For those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the ideas provided by the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation, and these changes should also be regarded as the present invention. scope of protection.
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| WO2019034138A1 (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2019-02-21 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Efficient wavelength tunable hybrid laser |
| CN110579269A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-12-17 | 中国地震局地壳应力研究所 | infrasonic wave sensor for rarefied atmosphere space and sound detection load cabin |
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