CN103163421A - Method and device of testing surge current impact resistant property of fuse - Google Patents
Method and device of testing surge current impact resistant property of fuse Download PDFInfo
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- CN103163421A CN103163421A CN201310065925XA CN201310065925A CN103163421A CN 103163421 A CN103163421 A CN 103163421A CN 201310065925X A CN201310065925X A CN 201310065925XA CN 201310065925 A CN201310065925 A CN 201310065925A CN 103163421 A CN103163421 A CN 103163421A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device of testing surge current impact resistant property of a fuse and can be used for testing the surge current impact resistant property and a fusing characteristic. The technical scheme is that the device of testing the surge current impact resistant property of the fuse comprises a tested fuse, a monitoring portion, a current-limiting resistance, an electronic load and a power source. The device of testing the surge current impact resistant property of the fuse is characterized in that the monitoring portion comprises a monitoring oscilloscope and a sampling resistance. The sampling resistance is connected with the tested fuse, the current-limiting resistance, the electronic load and the power source in sequence to form a closed loop. The monitoring oscilloscope is parallel connection with two ends of the sampling resistance. The power source is a storage battery set, wherein the storage battery is connected in parallel. The electronic load is used for producing periodic surge pulses. The monitoring oscilloscope can monitor resistance variation and fusing time of the tested fuse when the sampling resistance produces corresponding current pulses.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is used for test fuse rush of current ability and operating chacteristics, is specially a kind of device and method of testing fuse Antisurge current impact capacity.
Background technology
In the circuit of perception and capacitive, circuit can produce the large electric current of surge of moment when start, when being subject to surge impact, the fuse of fuse can produce the physical shock effect of expanding with heat and contract with cold, under extreme case, continuous repeatedly surge impact can make fuse cross section produce the crack, even directly thrust fuse, fuse was lost efficacy.The invention provides a kind of surge pulse generating unit, the surge current that the simulation fuse may be subject to when using impacts, and the fusing reliability of test fuse quantizes the fuse blows characterisitic parameter, and the fuse user is further grasped the fuse characteristic.
The potential quality and reliability problem that exists with highly reliable fuse for grasping aerospace, according to ECCC Generic Specification No.4008 and the relevant test methods such as MIL-PRF-23419G and GJB5850, fuse performance is carried out limit assessment, adopt the conventional test method that adds tight test condition or apply step-by-step movement stress, investigate the limiting case such as thermal stress, electric stress of highly reliable fuse, its limit capacity of knowing the real situation.For under the harsh applied environment of aerospace, provide reference frame.
In limit evaluation test; Antisurge current impacts the investigation object that is absolutely necessary; because often can produce of short duration surge current in the application circuit of fuse; because input filter capacitor charges rapidly; so this surge current is far longer than the stable state input current, thereby make fuse produce mechanical fatigue, reduce the fusible link life-span; even in some cases, it can thrust fusible link.Surge current is a plurality of, continuous pulse often, can make fuse produce heat, changes its fuse resistance, and during therefore for aerospace applications, whether the measurement fuse can bear a certain amount of rush of current is considerable.
In limit evaluation test, (action of fuse is that the fusing by melt realizes to the fuse ampere-time characteristic, and when electric current was larger, required time of melt fusing was just shorter.And electric current hour, and the time of the required use of melt fusing is just longer, even can not fuse.Therefore concerning melt, its action current and operate time cheracteristic are the ampere-time characteristic of fuse, are anti-time limit characteristic) be also the characteristic that needs special concern.Because the operating chacteristics of fuse is mainly considered defencive function, wish that it can in time reliably cut off electric current when circuit breaks down overcurrent.This just requires the fusing speed of fuse fast; And the melting heat energy value is mainly considered bearing function, wishes that fuse can bear when the non-down pulse electric current of contactor moment appearance, and this just requires the reaction velocity of fuse suitably slow; Therefore need the fusing time of fuse is carried out limit examination, thereby under different current condition, fusing time is grasped to some extent, design Shi Xuanyong.Therefore, carry out the test of Antisurge current limit capacity with fuse for aerospace, use the surge pulse current to carry out surge to fuse.By measuring fuse resistance varying-ratio, voltage degradation parameter, the Antisurge current ability of assessment fuse.
Also need to carry out for aerospace the test of fuse blows time under different current condition with fuse, thereby draw the ampere-second curve.Fuse needn't carry out the pulse current performance test according to conventional requirement.But for the space flight fuse, due to the requirement of high reliability, its Antisurge current impact capacity test is necessary.Because in the circuit of perception and capacitive, circuit can produce the large electric current of surge of moment when start, when being subject to surge impact, the fuse of fuse can produce the physical shock effect of expanding with heat and contract with cold, under extreme case, continuous repeatedly surge impact can make fuse cross section produce the crack, even directly thrust fuse, fuse was lost efficacy.
The surge current waveform of circuit is various, might be sine wave, triangular wave, sawtooth wave ..., its energy is can Equivalent Calculation.Hookup commonly used can adopt the circuit such as ' 555 ' to build pulse generating circuit, and shown in Figure 2, because be limited by power supply, its pulse current value can be too not high, and is too high, easily produces overshoot.The pulse duty factor setting of pulse modulated circuit simultaneously can not change easily.
Generally use at present the fuse blows characteristic tester to have 2 kinds.
A kind of is the test board of building with constant current source, shown in Figure 3, and the direct supply in this test circuit is commercially available constant-current supply, and the output overloading electric current is coming the fusing time of synchronous recording fuse by timer (proportion meter usually).The actual use of this proving installation has and is subjected to very much large restriction.Major defect has: have the switching pulse electric current in (1) output, the constant-current supply that power supply is used is that civil power is obtained constant DC current by rectification, filtering, current stabilization, wherein must exist the sizable switching pulse electric current of peak point current, this switching current can reach several times of normal output current, although the time only has tens or the hundreds of microsecond, but enough can produce extra impact to fuse, even can directly thrust fusible core.Space flight belongs to the fuse of supper-fast reaction with fuse, its fusing time when 600% fusing only has the hundreds of microsecond, so can't truly measure the fusing time of fuse with this proving installation; (2) output power is little, and the test condition of spacecraft use fuse and the test condition of civilian fuse be difference to some extent.Spacecraft needs the open-circuit voltage of test circuit more than or equal to the rated voltage of fuse with the fusing time test of fuse, generally is greater than to equal 125vdc.The maximum specification of fuse can reach 15A is arranged simultaneously, if carry out 6I
SpecifiedThe fusing time test of (the aerospace limit is investigated and required), measuring current will reach 90A, and this large power supply direct current output quality is poor, can not satisfy test request.So this class testing device can only be fit to open-circuit voltage no requirement and the low test of test striking point, the test of the low overload as 250% usually.
Another kind of tester has used microprocessor to avoid loading the overshoot of overload, but the Time Created of the overload current of this loading is long.Arrived as seen from Figure 5 2ms the Time Created of overload current, obviously be not suitable for 600% fusing time and only be the test of hundreds of millisecond.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, a kind of device of testing fuse Antisurge current impact capacity is provided.
to achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of device of testing fuse Antisurge current impact capacity, comprise tested fuse, monitor portion, current-limiting resistance, electronic load, power supply, it is characterized in that: monitor portion comprises monitor oscilloscope and sample resistance, described sample resistance and tested fuse, current-limiting resistance, electronic load, power supply is followed in series to form closed loop, described monitor oscilloscope is connected in parallel on sample resistance two ends, described power supply is battery pack in parallel, described electronic load is used for producing periodic surge pulse, when the corresponding current impulse of described sample resistance place's generation, change and fusing time by the described tested resistive fuse of described monitor oscilloscope monitoring.
A kind of method of using said apparatus to measure the Antisurge current impact capacity is characterized in that comprising the steps:
Step 1: measure tested fuse internal resistance with four-wire method;
Step 2: apply periodic surge pulse on tested fuse, the Peak of current pulse of surge pulse is at 2-6 times of the rated current of tested fuse;
Step 3: tested fuse is applied the surge pulse of certain number of times, monitor the state of tested fuse by monitor oscilloscope, if tested fuse did not lose efficacy, use four-wire method to measure the variation of tested fuse internal resistance, and compare with the front internal resistance value of test, calculate the fuse resistance varying-ratio;
Step 4: apply respectively 2.1,2.5 and 6 times to the steady current of the rated current of tested fuse on the tested fuse that did not lose efficacy, record fusing time;
Step 5: judge according to fuse resistance varying-ratio and fusing time the ability that its Antisurge current impacts, for selecting of fuse provides the data foundation.
The present invention compared with prior art, beneficial effect is as follows:
(1) the product test current load is without overshoot, and working stability is reliable, and power supply uses battery pack, and the pure and electric current of output direct current is without overshoot, is particularly suitable for space flight with the fusing test of fuse;
(2) measuring current can arrange arbitrarily, and output current is large, and the size of current in circuit is regulated with electronic load, and precision is high, and output current can up to 100A, satisfy the requirement of measuring current scope;
(3) open circuit voltage can arrange easily, because be battery-powered, just can reach required test voltage so only need increase the group number of electric battery, as want the test voltage of 125Vdc, and the electric battery of series connection 11 joint 12V gets final product;
(4) time measurement is accurate, and for the fusing time of millisecond and Microsecond grade, the most effective measurement means is to adopt oscillograph to come record.Oscillograph not only reacts soon, accurate timing, and the overall process can react fuse blows the time, issuable arcing phenomenon in the time of particularly reflecting fuse blows.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is circuit theory diagrams of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that in prior art, 555 circuit are built the pulse generating circuit schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the test board circuit theory diagrams that in prior art, build in the crossing current source;
Fig. 4 is the test output waveform figure that oscillograph of the present invention monitors;
Fig. 5 is the overshoot oscillogram that in prior art, microprocessor avoids loading overload;
Fig. 6 is the fusing time waveform that oscillograph recording of the present invention is arrived.
Wherein, in Fig. 1-3,1: waveform monitor; 2: sample resistance; 3: the circuit protection fuse; 4: electric battery; 5: electronic switch; 6: electronic load; 7: current-limiting resistance; 8: tested fuse; 9: constant-current supply; The 10:555 oscillator; 11: timer.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.
Embodiments of the invention are with reference to shown in figure 1,4,6.
shown in Figure 1, a kind of device of testing fuse Antisurge current impact capacity, comprise tested fuse, monitor portion, current-limiting resistance, electronic load, power supply, it is characterized in that: monitor portion comprises monitor oscilloscope and sample resistance, described sample resistance and tested fuse, current-limiting resistance, electronic load, power supply is followed in series to form closed loop, described monitor oscilloscope is connected in parallel on sample resistance two ends, described power supply is battery pack in parallel, described electronic load is used for producing periodic surge pulse, when the corresponding current impulse of described sample resistance place's generation, change and fusing time by the described tested resistive fuse of described monitor oscilloscope monitoring.
Further, also comprise electronic switch and circuit protection fuse, described electronic switch is between power supply and electronic load, and described circuit protection fuse is between power supply and sample resistance.
Further, described current-limiting resistance is the rheochord of 0 ~ 1 Ω for regulating Standard resistance range, is used for pulse current value in Circuit tuning;
The resistance of described sample resistance is 0.1 Ω;
Described electronic load is AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator), the square-wave pulse simulation surge pulse that the output cycle changes, pulse peak current be tested fuse rated current 2-6 doubly, duration of pulse is 10ms, cycle is 10s, the perhaps sinusoidal wave pulse that changes of output cycle, pulse peak current be rated current 2-6 doubly, the cycle is 10s.
When using this device to carry out the Antisurge current impulse test, according to the pulse current size of output, select the magnitude of voltage of electric battery and the resistor of rheochord, guarantee to export the pulse current value that needs.According to concrete testing requirements, the electronic load parameter is set, comprises pulse peak current, pulse width, cycle, pulse number.
Fig. 4 is that peak value of pulse 10A, pulsewidth 200ms, cycle 10s, the rise and fall speed that oscillograph monitors is the test output waveform of 1A/us.
Use the surge pulse current to carry out surge to fuse.By measuring the parameters such as fuse resistance varying-ratio, fusing time, the Antisurge current ability of assessment fuse.
Be no matter to exchange or the fuse that DC circuit is used, all use to load the direct current overload current, so the fusing time that the mode that makes fusible core of fuse be heated to fuse is tested fuse is the direct current of the fuse pure correctness that is related to fusing time whether.And during large current overload, fusing time might only have the hundreds of microsecond, if in direct current, Alternating Component is too much, its impact can be very serious.
To this, the invention provides a kind of method of using said apparatus to measure the Antisurge current impact capacity, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
Step 1: measure tested fuse internal resistance with four-wire method;
Step 2: apply periodic surge pulse on tested fuse, the Peak of current pulse of surge pulse is at 2-6 times of the rated current of tested fuse;
Further, described Peak of current pulse is specially 3 times of rated current of tested fuse;
Step 3: tested fuse is applied the surge pulse of certain number of times, monitor the state of tested fuse by monitor oscilloscope, if tested fuse did not lose efficacy, use four-wire method to measure the variation of tested fuse internal resistance, and compare with the front internal resistance value of test, calculate the fuse resistance varying-ratio;
Further, the number of times that applies of described surge pulse is 10,000 times or 20,000 times, and adding up test period is 100000 seconds or 200000 seconds, 100000 milliseconds or 200000 milliseconds of accumulative total duration of pulse;
Step 4: apply respectively 2.1,2.5 and 6 times to the steady current of the rated current of tested fuse on the tested fuse that did not lose efficacy, record fusing time;
Step 5: judge according to fuse resistance varying-ratio and fusing time the ability that its Antisurge current impacts, for selecting of fuse provides the data foundation.
Shown in Figure 6 is the fusing time waveform that oscillograph recording is arrived.
Concrete test condition and result are as follows:
1. antisurge ability test
Adopt this device that domestic certain fuse Antisurge current ability is tested, test situation is as follows:
Choose 6 two kinds of specification fuses and test,
A uses the sinusoidal wave pulse electric current that test specimen is impacted.
The test pulse parameter that b adopts is as follows:
Pulse waveform: square wave
Pulse peak current: 3 times of rated current
Duration of pulse: 10ms
Cycle: 10s
Test result is as shown in table 1:
Table 1
By 20,000 subpulse tests, the fuse antisurge pulse ability that can draw model 1 is better than model 2, for aerospace provides the data foundation with selecting of fuse.
2. fusing time limit test
Under normal temperature, to after impacting through 20,000 subpulses in above-mentioned test not in 1 type fuse of fusing sample number into spectrum be that 1 and 2 sample applies respectively 2.1 times, 2.2 times, 2.3 times ... 6 times of rated current are by the device to test fuse blows time.
Test findings is as shown in table 2:
Table 2
By contrasting the fusing time of fuse under the same current condition in 2, draw the fusing time of model 1 much smaller than model 2, operating chacteristics is due to model 2.For aerospace provides the data foundation with selecting of fuse.
The above embodiment has only been expressed one embodiment of the present invention, but can not therefore be interpreted as limitation of the scope of the invention.Should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. device of testing fuse Antisurge current impact capacity, comprise tested fuse, monitor portion, current-limiting resistance, electronic load, power supply, it is characterized in that: monitor portion comprises monitor oscilloscope and sample resistance, described sample resistance and tested fuse, current-limiting resistance, electronic load, power supply is followed in series to form closed loop, described monitor oscilloscope is connected in parallel on sample resistance two ends, described power supply is battery pack in parallel, described electronic load is used for producing periodic surge pulse, when the corresponding current impulse of described sample resistance place's generation, change and fusing time by the described tested resistive fuse of described monitor oscilloscope monitoring.
2. a kind of device of testing fuse Antisurge current impact capacity according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: also comprise electronic switch and circuit protection fuse; described electronic switch is between power supply and electronic load, and described circuit protection fuse is between power supply and sample resistance.
3. a kind of device of testing fuse Antisurge current impact capacity according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described current-limiting resistance is the rheochord of 0 ~ 1 Ω for regulating Standard resistance range, is used for pulse current value in Circuit tuning.
4. a kind of device of testing fuse Antisurge current impact capacity according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the resistance of described sample resistance is 0.1 Ω.
5. the described a kind of device of testing fuse Antisurge current impact capacity of according to claim 1-4 any one, it is characterized in that: described electronic load is AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator), the square-wave pulse simulation surge pulse that the output cycle changes, pulse peak current be tested fuse rated current 2-6 doubly, duration of pulse is 10ms, and the cycle is 10s, perhaps the sinusoidal wave pulse of output cycle variation, pulse peak current is 2-6 times of rated current, and the cycle is 10s.
6. the method for use measurement device Antisurge current as described in a claim 1-5 impact capacity, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
Step 1: measure tested fuse internal resistance with four-wire method;
Step 2: apply periodic surge pulse on tested fuse, the Peak of current pulse of surge pulse is at 2-6 times of the rated current of tested fuse;
Step 3: tested fuse is applied the surge pulse of certain number of times, monitor the state of tested fuse by monitor oscilloscope, if tested fuse did not lose efficacy, use four-wire method to measure the variation of tested fuse internal resistance, and compare with the front internal resistance value of test, calculate the fuse resistance varying-ratio;
Step 4: apply respectively 2.1,2.5 and 6 times to the steady current of the rated current of tested fuse on the tested fuse that did not lose efficacy, record fusing time;
Step 5: judge according to fuse resistance varying-ratio and fusing time the ability that its Antisurge current impacts, for selecting of fuse provides the data foundation.
7. the method for measurement Antisurge current impact capacity according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the described Peak of current pulse in step 2 is specially 3 times of rated current of tested fuse.
8. the method for measurement Antisurge current impact capacity according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the number of times that applies of the surge pulse in step 3 is 10,000 times or 20,000 times, adding up test period is 100000 seconds or 200000 seconds, 100000 milliseconds or 200000 milliseconds of accumulative total duration of pulse.
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| CN109342800A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-02-15 | 贵州航天计量测试技术研究所 | A kind of calibrating installation and calibration method of pulse plating power pulse current |
| CN109669102A (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2019-04-23 | 浙江零跑科技有限公司 | A kind of bonding aluminium wire blowout current experimental rig |
| CN110395114A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-11-01 | 广州小鹏汽车科技有限公司 | A kind of the fuse monitoring method and device of vehicle |
| CN110596615A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-12-20 | 中国空间技术研究院 | Method for determining limit characteristics of high-voltage thick-film DCDC power converter for aerospace |
| CN110596615B (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2021-12-07 | 中国空间技术研究院 | Method for determining limit characteristics of high-voltage thick-film DCDC power converter for aerospace |
| CN113552475A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2021-10-26 | 贵州振华群英电器有限公司（国营第八九一厂） | Current surge test device |
| CN112285589A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-29 | 北京交通大学 | Recursive analysis method for battery system fusing protection design |
| CN112285589B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-07-09 | 北京交通大学 | Recursive analysis method for battery system fusing protection design |
| CN113985323A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-01-28 | 中国振华集团云科电子有限公司 | Method and device for rapidly testing fuse fusing characteristic of fuse-element fuse |
| CN113985323B (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2023-12-19 | 中国振华集团云科电子有限公司 | Method and device for rapidly testing fuse melt fusing characteristics of wire-shaped fuse |
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