CN103163053B - Infrared detection device and detection method of coal dust - Google Patents
Infrared detection device and detection method of coal dust Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种红外煤尘检测装置及方法，尤其是一种适用于煤矿环境中煤尘的红外煤尘检测装置及方法。The invention relates to an infrared coal dust detection device and method, in particular to an infrared coal dust detection device and method suitable for coal dust in a coal mine environment.
技术背景technical background
煤矿井下开采工作面煤尘较大，达到一定条件会导致爆炸事故，目前的各种粉尘和煤尘检测装置主要针对浓度参数的检测，而煤尘浓度不是判断爆炸危险性的准确参数，必须考虑其粒度的影响，但是目前缺乏能够实时检测煤尘粒度的装置，而且，由于矿井高湿环境，煤尘很容易污染仪器，影响检测的正常，使得煤尘检测装置很难长时间进行自动监测，造成现有煤矿的各种监测系统没有煤尘监测手段。The coal dust in the underground mining face of the coal mine is relatively large, and when certain conditions are met, it will lead to an explosion accident. The current various dust and coal dust detection devices are mainly aimed at the detection of concentration parameters, and the coal dust concentration is not an accurate parameter for judging the risk of explosion. It must be considered However, there is currently a lack of devices that can detect the particle size of coal dust in real time. Moreover, due to the high humidity environment of the mine, coal dust is easy to contaminate the instrument and affect the normal detection, making it difficult for the coal dust detection device to perform automatic monitoring for a long time. Cause various monitoring systems of existing coal mines to have no coal dust monitoring means.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是要克服已有技术中的不足，提供一种红外煤尘检测装置及方法，通过设置红外发光管和多个红外传感器，解决了目前煤尘浓度和粒度的连续监测和爆炸危险性报警问题。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide an infrared coal dust detection device and method, through the arrangement of infrared light-emitting tubes and a plurality of infrared sensors, the continuous monitoring of the current coal dust concentration and particle size and the danger of explosion are solved sex alarm issue.
为实现上述目的，本发明的红外煤尘检测装置，包括煤尘检测腔体，所述的煤尘检测腔体为两端与外部环境相通的空心圆柱形腔体，煤尘检测腔体内壁正中的截面上按时钟的12点和9点位置处开有两个圆孔，两个圆孔上设有两个红外管光管，每个红外管光管对面的煤尘检测腔体的内壁上各有一个圆孔，圆孔上各设有一个红外传感器；所述两个红外管光管沿纵向两侧的煤尘检测腔体上各分布有一个圆孔，各圆孔上分别设有一个红外传感器，所述的各个红外传感器分为两组分别与两个信号预处理器连接，两个信号预处理器连接的红外传感器个数相同，两个信号预处理器的输出端分别与微处理器相连接，微处理器的输出端分别连接有自动清扫装置、显示器、报警电路和通信电路。In order to achieve the above object, the infrared coal dust detection device of the present invention includes a coal dust detection cavity, the coal dust detection cavity is a hollow cylindrical cavity whose two ends communicate with the external environment, and the inner wall of the coal dust detection cavity is in the middle There are two round holes at the 12 o'clock and 9 o'clock positions on the cross section of the clock, and two infrared light pipes are arranged on the two round holes, and the inner wall of the coal dust detection cavity opposite to each infrared light pipe is There is a round hole respectively, and an infrared sensor is arranged on each round hole; a round hole is respectively distributed on the coal dust detection cavity on both sides of the two infrared tube light pipes along the longitudinal direction, and a round hole is respectively arranged on each round hole. Infrared sensors, each of the infrared sensors described is divided into two groups and connected to two signal preprocessors respectively, the number of infrared sensors connected to the two signal preprocessors is the same, and the output terminals of the two signal preprocessors are respectively connected to the microprocessor The output terminal of the microprocessor is respectively connected with an automatic cleaning device, a display, an alarm circuit and a communication circuit.
所述的煤尘检测腔体的各圆孔上均设有有机玻璃保护透镜；所述的自动清扫装置包括设在煤尘检测腔体内的旋转清扫器、设在煤尘检测腔体外的步进电机和电机驱动器，电机驱动器的输入端接微处理器的输出端，电机驱动器连接步进电机，步进电机与旋转清扫器通过齿轮连接，带动旋转清扫器在煤尘检测腔体的侧壁上旋转。Each round hole of the coal dust detection cavity is equipped with a plexiglass protective lens; the automatic cleaning device includes a rotary cleaner installed in the coal dust detection cavity, a stepper installed outside the coal dust detection cavity The motor and the motor driver, the input end of the motor driver is connected to the output end of the microprocessor, the motor driver is connected to the stepper motor, the stepper motor is connected to the rotary cleaner through gears, and drives the rotary cleaner on the side wall of the coal dust detection chamber rotate.
一种使用上所述装置的红外煤尘检测方法，将检测装置置于煤尘环境中，通过位于九点和十二点位置处的两个红外发光管向煤尘检测腔体上的圆孔内发射红外光，当煤尘检测腔体体内无煤尘时，与两个红外发光管对面位置的两个红外传感器接收到红外光；当煤尘检测腔体体内有煤尘时，红外发光管产生的红外光会产生透射和反射现象，从而使透射和反射后的红外光被除了与两个红外发光管相对位置的红外传感器接收到之外，两个红外发光管两侧的红外传感器也能检测到折射的红外光和反射的红外光，各红外传感器将检测信息通过信号预处理器进行融合处理，融合处理后的信号被发送到微处理器中，通过微处理器将检测信息与预先设定的信息进行比对从而检测出煤尘的浓度和粒度，并根据预先设定的煤尘浓度和粒度对爆炸危险性的影响程度进行判断，当检测出煤尘粒度所述范围为0.75μm～1mm、0.30～0.75μm或0.10～0.30μm时，所对应的煤尘浓度阈值≥50g/m3、≥40g/m3或≥30g/m3，则分别通过显示器显示、报警电路进行报警、通信电路传输信号提醒环境煤尘爆炸的危险性。An infrared coal dust detection method using the above-mentioned device, the detection device is placed in the coal dust environment, through the two infrared light-emitting tubes located at nine o'clock and twelve o'clock to the round hole on the coal dust detection cavity Infrared light is emitted inside. When there is no coal dust in the coal dust detection cavity, the two infrared sensors opposite to the two infrared light-emitting tubes receive infrared light; when there is coal dust in the coal dust detection cavity, the infrared light-emitting tube The generated infrared light will produce transmission and reflection phenomena, so that the transmitted and reflected infrared light is not only received by the infrared sensors opposite to the two infrared light-emitting tubes, but also by the infrared sensors on both sides of the two infrared light-emitting tubes. When the refracted infrared light and reflected infrared light are detected, each infrared sensor performs fusion processing on the detection information through the signal preprocessor, and the signal after fusion processing is sent to the microprocessor, and the detection information is combined with the preset Compare the specified information to detect the concentration and particle size of coal dust, and judge the degree of influence of the preset coal dust concentration and particle size on the explosion risk. When the detected coal dust particle size ranges from 0.75 μm to 1mm, 0.30～0.75μm or 0.10～0.30μm, the corresponding coal dust concentration threshold is ≥50g/m3, ≥40g/m3 or ≥30g/m3, then it will be displayed on the display, alarmed by the alarm circuit, and transmitted by the communication circuit Remind the environment of the danger of coal dust explosions.
有益效果：由于采用了上述方案，设置两个红外发光管和多个红外传感器，两个红外发光管所产生的红外光在煤尘检测腔体内的空间上相互垂直，分布在煤尘检测腔体的上，通过红外光照射煤尘的透射原理和反射原理，可以方便地在高湿度环境中长期监测煤尘的浓度和粒度，通过设置的红外发光管和多个红外传感器解决了目前矿井煤尘浓度和粒度连续监测的问题，可以通过矿井监测系统实时监测环境煤尘的参数，对煤尘爆炸的危险性进行判断和预警，避免爆炸事故的发生，保障煤矿的安全生产。其结构简单，操作方便，使用效果好。具有广泛的实用性。Beneficial effects: due to the adoption of the above scheme, two infrared light-emitting tubes and multiple infrared sensors are provided, and the infrared lights generated by the two infrared light-emitting tubes are perpendicular to each other in the space of the coal dust detection cavity and distributed in the coal dust detection cavity Above all, through the transmission principle and reflection principle of infrared light irradiating coal dust, it is convenient to monitor the concentration and particle size of coal dust for a long time in a high-humidity environment. For the problem of continuous monitoring of concentration and particle size, the parameters of environmental coal dust can be monitored in real time through the mine monitoring system, and the danger of coal dust explosion can be judged and early-warned, so as to avoid the occurrence of explosion accidents and ensure the safe production of coal mines. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and good use effect. Has wide applicability.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明装置的原理结构图；Fig. 1 is the principle structural diagram of device of the present invention;
图2是本发明装置中红外发光管和红外传感器位置示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the positions of the infrared luminescent tube and the infrared sensor in the device of the present invention;
图3是图2的A-A剖面图；Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 2;
图4是本发明装置中自动清扫装置结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the automatic cleaning device in the device of the present invention.
图中，1-红外发光管；2-煤尘检测腔体；3-红外传感器；4-信号预处理器；5-微处理器；6-自动清扫装置；7-显示器；8-报警电路；9-通信电路；10-电机驱动器；11-步进电机；12-旋转清扫器。In the figure, 1-infrared light-emitting tube; 2-coal dust detection cavity; 3-infrared sensor; 4-signal preprocessor; 5-microprocessor; 6-automatic cleaning device; 7-display; 8-alarm circuit; 9-communication circuit; 10-motor driver; 11-stepper motor; 12-rotary cleaner.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明的一个实施例作进一步的描述：An embodiment of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
如图1所示，本发明的红外煤尘检测装置包括煤尘检测腔体2，所述的煤尘检测腔体2为两端与外部环境相通的空心圆柱形腔体，如图2所示，所述的煤尘检测腔体2为两端与外部环境相通的空心圆柱形腔体，煤尘检测腔体2内壁正中的截面上按时钟的12点和9点位置处开有两个圆孔，两个圆孔上设有两个红外管光管1，每个红外管光管1对面的煤尘检测腔体2的内壁上各有一个圆孔，圆孔上各设有一个红外传感器3；所述的煤尘检测腔体2的各圆孔上均设有有机玻璃保护透镜。所述两个红外管光管1沿纵向两侧的煤尘检测腔体2上各分布有一个圆孔，各圆孔上分别设有一个红外传感器3，所述的6个红外传感器3分为两组分别与两个信号预处理器4连接，两个信号预处理器4连接的红外传感器3个数为3个，两个信号预处理器4的输出端分别与微处理器5相连接，微处理器5的输出端分别连接有自动清扫装置6、显示器7、报警电路8和通信电路9。所述自动清扫装置6由旋转清扫器12、步进电机10和电机驱动器11构成，其中旋转清扫器12设置在煤尘检测腔体2的内，电机驱动器11的输入端接微处理器4的输出端，电机驱动器11的输出接步进电机10，步进电机10与旋转清扫器12通过齿轮连接，能够带动旋转清扫器12紧挨煤尘检测腔体2侧壁上旋转，通过旋转清扫器12的旋转可以清洁煤层检测腔2周壁上的圆孔透镜。所述红外传感器3的型号为G8370，所述信号预处理器4为微处理器内置5型号为ATMEGA16，显示器7的型号LR430LC9601液晶屏，通信电路采用CAN总线或者485或者无线通信模块，便于接入监测网络，传输至地面监测中心进行监测；显示器显示的是煤尘浓度和粒度两种参数。As shown in Figure 1, the infrared coal dust detection device of the present invention includes a coal dust detection cavity 2, and the coal dust detection cavity 2 is a hollow cylindrical cavity whose two ends communicate with the external environment, as shown in Figure 2 , the coal dust detection cavity 2 is a hollow cylindrical cavity with both ends communicating with the external environment, and there are two circles at the 12 o'clock and 9 o'clock positions of the clock on the section in the middle of the coal dust detection cavity 2 There are two infrared light pipes 1 on the two round holes, and there is a round hole on the inner wall of the coal dust detection cavity 2 opposite to each infrared light pipe 1, and an infrared sensor is arranged on each round hole 3. Each round hole of the coal dust detection cavity 2 is provided with a plexiglass protective lens. The coal dust detection cavity 2 on both sides of the two infrared light pipes 1 along the longitudinal direction is respectively provided with a circular hole, and an infrared sensor 3 is respectively arranged on each circular hole, and the 6 infrared sensors 3 are divided into Two groups are respectively connected with two signal preprocessors 4, and the number of infrared sensors 3 connected with the two signal preprocessors 4 is 3, and the output ends of the two signal preprocessors 4 are respectively connected with the microprocessor 5, The output end of the microprocessor 5 is respectively connected with an automatic cleaning device 6 , a display 7 , an alarm circuit 8 and a communication circuit 9 . The automatic cleaning device 6 is composed of a rotary cleaner 12, a stepper motor 10 and a motor driver 11, wherein the rotary cleaner 12 is arranged in the coal dust detection cavity 2, and the input terminal of the motor driver 11 is connected to the microprocessor 4 The output end, the output of the motor driver 11 is connected to the stepper motor 10, the stepper motor 10 is connected with the rotary cleaner 12 through gears, and can drive the rotary cleaner 12 to rotate close to the side wall of the coal dust detection chamber 2, and the rotary cleaner 12 The rotation of 12 can clean the round hole lens on the coal seam detection chamber 2 peripheral walls. The model of the infrared sensor 3 is G8370, the signal preprocessor 4 is a built-in microprocessor 5 and the model is ATMEGA16, the model LR430LC9601 liquid crystal screen of the display 7, and the communication circuit adopts CAN bus or 485 or wireless communication module, which is convenient for access The monitoring network is transmitted to the ground monitoring center for monitoring; the display shows two parameters of coal dust concentration and particle size.
一种使用上述装置的红外煤尘检测方法：将检测装置置与煤尘环境中，使用红外发光管1通过煤尘检测腔体2上的保护透镜向设置在保护透镜正对面配对的红外传感器3发射红外光，当煤尘检测腔体2体内无煤尘时，与两个红外发光管1相对位置的两个红外传感器3接收到红外光；当煤尘检测腔体2体内有煤尘时，红外发光管1产生的红外光会产生透射和反射现象，从而使透射和反射后的红外光被除了与两个红外发光管1相对位置的红外传感器3接收到；两个红外发光管1两侧的4个红外传感器3也能检测到折射的红外光和反射的红外光，6个红外传感器3检测到透射的红外光和反射的红外光后，会将检测信息通过信号预处理器4进行融合处理，融合处理后的信号被发送到微处理器5中，通过微处理器5将检测信息与预先设定的信息进行比对从而检测出煤尘的浓度和粒度，并根据预先设定的煤尘浓度和粒度对爆炸危险性的影响程度进行判断。An infrared coal dust detection method using the above device: place the detection device in the coal dust environment, use the infrared light-emitting tube 1 to pass through the protective lens on the coal dust detection cavity 2 to the infrared sensor 3 that is paired directly opposite the protective lens emit infrared light, when there is no coal dust in the coal dust detection cavity 2, the two infrared sensors 3 opposite to the two infrared light-emitting tubes 1 receive the infrared light; when there is coal dust in the coal dust detection cavity 2, The infrared light generated by the infrared light-emitting tube 1 will produce transmission and reflection phenomena, so that the transmitted and reflected infrared light is received by the infrared sensor 3 except for the position opposite to the two infrared light-emitting tubes 1; The four infrared sensors 3 can also detect refracted infrared light and reflected infrared light, and after the six infrared sensors 3 detect the transmitted infrared light and reflected infrared light, the detection information will be fused through the signal preprocessor 4 processing, the fused signal is sent to the microprocessor 5, and the detection information is compared with the preset information by the microprocessor 5 to detect the concentration and particle size of the coal dust, and according to the preset coal dust Judgment of the degree of influence of dust concentration and particle size on explosion hazard.
由于影响煤尘爆炸危险性的不确定因素较多，因此不需要在煤尘浓度和粒度参数的基础上，用一个公式或者算法来判断爆炸危险性而报警，本发明采用一个简单而实用的分段阈值报警方法。将煤尘粒度参数分成3个段范围，在每段范围内设置一个煤尘浓度的报警阈值，超过该阈值便发出报警信号。煤尘粒度的分区和报警的煤尘浓度阈值如下表所示。Since there are many uncertain factors affecting the risk of coal dust explosion, it is not necessary to use a formula or algorithm to judge the risk of explosion and alarm on the basis of coal dust concentration and particle size parameters. The present invention adopts a simple and practical analysis method. Segment threshold alarm method. The coal dust particle size parameter is divided into three ranges, and an alarm threshold of coal dust concentration is set in each range, and an alarm signal is sent if the threshold is exceeded. The partition of coal dust particle size and the coal dust concentration threshold for alarm are shown in the table below.
当检测出煤尘粒度所述范围为0.75μm～1mm、0.30～0.75μm或0.10～0.30μm时对应的煤尘浓度阈值≥50g/m3、≥40g/m3或≥30g/m3则分别进行报警，提醒环境煤尘爆炸的危险性。When the range of coal dust particle size is detected to be 0.75μm～1mm, 0.30～0.75μm or 0.10～0.30μm, the corresponding coal dust concentration threshold value is ≥50g/m3, ≥40g/m3 or ≥30g/m3, and the alarm will be issued respectively. Remind the environment of the danger of coal dust explosions.
图2是本发明的装置中红外发光管和红外传感器安装示意图，显示的是煤尘检测腔体2的俯视图，所有的红外发光管1和红外传感器3均安装在煤尘检测腔体2的周围，煤尘检测腔体2的中间空间是被测煤尘。煤尘检测腔体2内壁上正中的截面按十二点钟位置的12点和9点位置处设有两个圆孔，设有两个红外管光管1，每个红外管光管1的对面的煤尘检测腔体2内壁上各有一个圆孔，各设有红外传感器3；每个红外管光管1沿煤尘检测腔体2的纵向内壁，相对红外管光管1的两侧各分布着2个圆孔，各圆孔设有红外传感器3。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the infrared luminescent tube and the infrared sensor in the device of the present invention, which shows a top view of the coal dust detection cavity 2, and all the infrared luminescent tubes 1 and infrared sensors 3 are installed around the coal dust detection cavity 2 , the middle space of the coal dust detection cavity 2 is the measured coal dust. The middle section on the inner wall of the coal dust detection cavity 2 is provided with two circular holes according to the 12 o'clock position and the 9 o'clock position of the twelve o'clock position, and is provided with two infrared light tubes 1, each infrared light tube 1 There is a circular hole on the inner wall of the coal dust detection cavity 2 on the opposite side, and each is equipped with an infrared sensor 3; Two round holes are distributed respectively, and each round hole is provided with an infrared sensor 3 .
图4是本发明的装置中自动清扫装置结构图，自动清扫装置6由电机驱动器10、步进电机11和旋转清扫器12构成。电机驱动器10的输入接总处理器5的输出端，电机驱动器10的输出接步进电机11，步进电机11与旋转清扫器12通过齿轮连接，能够带动旋转清扫器12旋转。旋转清扫器由一个旋转环带上一根清扫棒构成，清扫棒上带有毛刷，在步进电机11带动旋转清扫器12旋转时，清扫棒会贴着煤尘检测腔体2内壁进行清扫，清楚粘在红外发光管和红外传感器透明窗口上的煤尘。FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of the automatic cleaning device in the device of the present invention. The automatic cleaning device 6 is composed of a motor driver 10 , a stepping motor 11 and a rotary cleaner 12 . The input of the motor driver 10 is connected to the output of the general processor 5, and the output of the motor driver 10 is connected to the stepper motor 11, and the stepper motor 11 is connected with the rotary cleaner 12 through gears, which can drive the rotary cleaner 12 to rotate. The rotary cleaner is composed of a rotating ring with a cleaning rod. There is a brush on the cleaning rod. When the stepper motor 11 drives the rotary cleaner 12 to rotate, the cleaning rod will stick to the inner wall of the coal dust detection chamber 2 for cleaning. , clear the coal dust stuck on the infrared light-emitting tube and the transparent window of the infrared sensor.
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| CN105547930A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-05-04 | 上海同化新材料科技有限公司 | Detector for powder material raising dust and detection method thereof |
| CN106092844A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-11-09 | 中国计量大学 | A kind of dust concentration remote monitoring device |
| CN106153645A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-11-23 | 北京华科拓普电子仪器有限公司 | A kind of passive ash measures system and method |
| RU2626602C1 (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2017-07-28 | Федеральное бюджетное учреждение науки "Екатеринбургский медицинский-научный центр профилактики и охраны здоровья рабочих промпредприятий" Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека (ФБУН ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП Роспотребнадзора) | Method of quantitative determining coal dust in atmospheric air |
| CN106872323A (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-06-20 | 深圳市易特科信息技术有限公司 | Room air dust content super-standard alarm device and method |
| CN111624140B (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2021-08-17 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of pulverized coal leakage flow field distribution measurement device and method |
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