CN103160708B - Application of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy as high-temperature self-lubricating material - Google Patents
Application of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy as high-temperature self-lubricating material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses application of an NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy as a high-temperature self-lubricating material. Electrolytic Ni and metals Al, Cr, Ta and Co used as raw materials are smelted in a vacuum arc furnace and cast into a round ingot according to the proportion. When the alloy is used as a self-lubricating material for a mechanism slide component applicable to room temperature to high temperature, the wearing part material is an SiC, Si3N4 or Al2O3 ceramic material, or hard alloy. The load of the wear-resistant material is 10-20N, the slide speed is 0.2-0.5 m/s, and the wear-resistant material is applied to a mechanism slide component under frictional wear working conditions at room temperature to 600 DEG C under atmospheric conditions. Under such working conditions, the NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy has excellent enduring self-lubricating property. The invention solves the problem of self-lubricating property of the NiAl-base alloy at normal temperature to 200 DEG C and at 500 DEG C to 600 DEG C.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the high-temperature self-lubrication utilisation technology of nickel aluminum-based composite material, be specially the application of a kind of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy as high temperature self-lubricating composite.
Background technology
Intermetallic compound NiAl is desirable high-temperature structural material, has high-melting-point (1640 DEG C), high thermal conductivity (70 ~ 80W/mK), low density (5.86g/cm
3) and the advantage such as antioxidant property of excellence.But room-temperature tensile plasticity is poor, room temperature fracture resistance is low and hot strength is not enough and high temperature creep drag is low etc., and problem governs the practicalization of NiAl for structural component materials always.For many years, people are from alloying, in preparation, angle that is raw and external matrix material is set out, and adopts the methods such as solution strengthening, second-phase strength, oxide dispersion intensifying (ODS), improves Properties of High Temperature Creep and the Room-Temperature Fracture Toughness of NiAl alloy epitaxy.But NiAl base alloy is reached simultaneously there is enough Room-Temperature Fracture Toughness, creep strength that can be comparable with superalloy, and the room-temperature tensile plasticity of 2%, be also difficult to meet the demands.Current NiAl, except the coated material widespread use as Ni base and Co based high-temperature alloy, is not also used widely as high-temperature structural material and functional materials.
Natural compressive stress state under considering frictional wear operating mode, Metal Inst., Chinese Academy of Sciences and University Of Science and Technology Of Hunan have studied the friction and wear behavior of in-situ endogenic NiAl-Al2O3-TiC matrix material, NiAl-Cr (Mo)-Ho-Hf eutectic alloy and NiAl-Cr (Mo)-CrxSy matrix material.Found that, under room temperature frictional wear operating mode, the stretching plastic of alloy become secondary performance index as compared to hardness, intensity, compression plasticity and work hardening capacity, and its dry friction and wear is controlled by viscous deformation, has good abrasion resistance properties; Under the condition of air and metal to-metal contact, alloy can produce good self-lubricating and wear-resistant effect in the high temperature friction and wear of 700 DEG C ~ 900 DEG C, frictional coefficient and wear rate are lower than Ni base self-lubricating alloy (alloy contains W, Mo, Co), and self-lubricating property has persistence.In addition, NiAl-Cr (Mo)-CrxSy matrix material forms CrxSy lubricant film at 200 DEG C ~ 400 DEG C friction surfaces, creates self-lubricating property, for the NiAl based self-lubricating material developing more wide temperature range provides Research Thinking.
At present will the widespread use as self-lubricating material about NiAl base alloy, still need solution three problems: the 1. self-lubricating property of normal temperature to 200 DEG C; 2. the self-lubricating property of 500 DEG C to 600 DEG C; 3. the self-lubricating property of solution 1000 DEG C is needed.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the defect existed in prior art, the invention provides the application of a kind of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy as high temperature self-lubricating composite.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is:
NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy is as an application for high temperature self-lubricating composite, and NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy, as mechanism slips parts room temperature to 600 DEG C self-lubricating material, is SiC, Si to mill part material
3n
4, Al
2o
3stupalith or Wimet.
Described a kind of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy is as the application of high temperature self-lubricating composite, the load of high-abrasive material is 10 ~ 20N, sliding velocity is 0.2 ~ 0.5m/s, is in the mechanism slips parts of frictional wear operating mode under being applied to room temperature to 600 DEG C atmospheric condition.
Described a kind of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy is as the application of high temperature self-lubricating composite, and the frictional coefficient of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co matrix material is 0.24 ~ 0.27.
Described a kind of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy is as the application of high temperature self-lubricating composite, and the friction surface of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co matrix material forms the oxide compound lubricant film of Co.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: 1. NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy structure of the present invention is by NiAl, Cr, Cr2Ta and Co3Ta phase composite, in process of friction and wear, at the oxide compound lubricant film of friction surface self-forming Co, because this lubricant film has self-healing properties in frictional wear, room temperature to 600 DEG C has lasting self-lubricating property.Solve a difficult problem for the self-lubricating property of NiAl base alloy at normal temperature to 200 DEG C and the self-lubricating property of 500 DEG C to 600 DEG C.2. NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy of the present invention, can respectively with SiC, Si
3n
4and Al
2o
3pair is joined, applied range Deng stupalith and Wimet.3. the present invention using NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy as self-lubricating material, with the addition of Ta, Cr and Co NiAl base alloy as strengthening element, alloy is excellent in compressive strength, plasticity and the hardness of room temperature to 600 DEG C, be under the wear working condition of stress in load, room temperature to 600 DEG C friction and wear behavior shows excellent self-lubricating property, and frictional coefficient is 0.24 ~ 0.27.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The SEM pattern of Fig. 1 NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy.
(b) .X diffracting spectrum of Fig. 2 NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy.
The variation tendency of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction under Fig. 3 normal temperature.
NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction surface lubricant film pattern under Fig. 4 normal temperature.
NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction variation tendency at Fig. 5 100 DEG C.
NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction surface lubricant film pattern at Fig. 6 100 DEG C.
NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction variation tendency at Fig. 7 200 DEG C.
NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction surface lubricant film pattern at Fig. 8 200 DEG C.
NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction variation tendency at Fig. 9 300 DEG C.
NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction surface lubricant film pattern at Figure 10 300 DEG C.
NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction variation tendency at Figure 11 400 DEG C.
NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction surface lubricant film pattern at Figure 12 400 DEG C.
NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction variation tendency at Figure 13 500 DEG C.
NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction surface lubricant film pattern at Figure 14 500 DEG C.
NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction variation tendency at Figure 15 600 DEG C.
NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction surface lubricant film pattern at Figure 16 600 DEG C.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Practical application methods of the present invention is implemented as follows:
1, NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy block sample is fixed on lower specimen holder, pottery or sintered carbide ball are fixed on specimen holder, be placed in hot plate and heat up, heat-up rate is 20 DEG C/min, after temperature is raised to design temperature, insulation 2min, loads, and upper sample axle drives pottery or sintered carbide ball rotation to start frictional wear.
2, load is 10 ~ 20N, and gliding cable structure is 0.2 ~ 0.5m/s, and frictional wear experiment temperature is room temperature ~ 600 DEG C, metal to-metal contact under air.
The frictional coefficient of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy under table 1 differing temps
| Temperature | Normal temperature | 100℃ | 200℃ | 300℃ | 400℃ | 500℃ | 600℃ |
| NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co | 0.27 | 0.24 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.26 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
| NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr | 0.36 | 0.34 | 0.41 | 0.43 | 0.45 | 0.48 | 0.52 |
Shown in table 1, at different temperatures, can find out: the frictional coefficient of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy is 0.24 ~ 0.27.
As shown in Figure 1, NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy structure is by NiAl, Cr, Cr2Ta and Co3Ta phase composite.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment Wear Temperature is room temperature, and be SiC ceramic to mill part, load is 20N, and gliding cable structure is 0.2m/s, and wearing-in period is 0.5h, and coasting distance is 360m.Be fixed on lower specimen holder by NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy block sample, SiC ceramic material is fixed on specimen holder, loads, and upper sample axle drives SiC ball sample to rotate beginning frictional wear.
As shown in Figure 2, in embodiment 1, NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction is with the carrying out of wear test, and initial frictional coefficient is about 0.26, along with the frictional coefficient that carries out of wearing and tearing slightly raises, after wearing and tearing 7min, frictional coefficient keeps stable, and recording average friction coefficient is 0.27.
As shown in Figure 3, in embodiment 1, NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction surface pattern can find out that friction surface defines more smooth, complete oxide compound lubricant film, and this lubricant film is having slight peeling feature.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment Wear Temperature is 100 DEG C, is Si to mill part
3n
4pottery, load is 20N, and gliding cable structure is 0.3m/s, and wearing-in period is 1.25h, and coasting distance is 1350m.NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy block sample is fixed on lower specimen holder, Si
3n
4stupalith is fixed on specimen holder, is placed in hot plate, and Heating temperature is 100 DEG C, and heat-up rate is 20 DEG C/min, and after temperature is raised to 100 DEG C, insulation 2min, loads, and upper sample axle drives Si
3n
4ball sample rotates and starts frictional wear, is cooled to room temperature in atmosphere after shutdown.
As shown in Figure 4, in embodiment 2, NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction is with the carrying out of wear test, frictional coefficient held stationary, and recording average friction coefficient is 0.24.
As shown in Figure 5, in embodiment 2, NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction surface pattern can find out that friction surface defines smooth, smooth oxide compound lubricant film.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment Wear Temperature is 200 DEG C, is Si to mill part
3n
4pottery, load is 15N, and gliding cable structure is 0.5m/s, and wearing-in period is 1.25h, and coasting distance is 2250m.NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy block sample is fixed on lower specimen holder, Si
3n
4ceramic Balls is fixed on specimen holder, is placed in hot plate, and Heating temperature is 200 DEG C, and heat-up rate is 20 DEG C/min, and after temperature is raised to 200 DEG C, insulation 2min, loads, and upper sample axle drives Si
3n
4ceramic Balls is rotated and is started frictional wear, is cooled to room temperature in atmosphere after shutdown.
As shown in Figure 6, in embodiment 3, NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction is with the carrying out of wear test, frictional coefficient held stationary, and recording average friction coefficient is 0.25.
As shown in Figure 7, in embodiment 3, NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction surface pattern can find out that friction surface defines smooth, smooth, complete oxide compound lubricant film, and lubricant film has a small amount of point-like and block peeling feature.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment Wear Temperature is 300 DEG C, is Al to mill part
2o
3pottery, load is 20N, and gliding cable structure is 0.4m/s, and wearing-in period is 1.25h, and coasting distance is 1800m.NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy block sample is fixed on lower specimen holder, Al
2o
3ceramic Balls is fixed on specimen holder, is placed in hot plate, and Heating temperature is 300 DEG C, and heat-up rate is 20 DEG C/min, and after temperature is raised to 300 DEG C, insulation 2min, loads, and upper sample axle drives Al
2o
3ceramic Balls is rotated and is started frictional wear, is cooled to room temperature in atmosphere after shutdown.
As shown in Figure 8, in embodiment 4, NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction is with the carrying out of wear test, and frictional coefficient keeps steady state near 0.24, and recording average friction coefficient is 0.25.
As shown in Figure 9, in embodiment 4, NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction surface pattern can find out that friction surface defines smooth, smooth, complete oxide compound lubricant film, and lubricant film has a small amount of point-like and block peeling feature.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment Wear Temperature is 400 DEG C, and be YG8 Wimet to mill part, load is 10N, and gliding cable structure is 0.3m/s, and wearing-in period is 1.25h, and coasting distance is 1350m.NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy block sample is fixed on lower specimen holder; Wimet is fixed on specimen holder; be placed in hot plate; Heating temperature is 400 DEG C, and heat-up rate is 20 DEG C/min, after temperature is raised to 400 DEG C; insulation 2min; load, upper sample axle drives sintered carbide ball sample to rotate beginning frictional wear, is cooled to room temperature in atmosphere after shutdown.
As shown in Figure 10, in embodiment 5, NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction is with the carrying out of wear test, frictional coefficient held stationary, and recording average friction coefficient is 0.26.
As shown in figure 11, in embodiment 5, NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction surface pattern can find out that friction surface defines smooth, smooth oxide compound lubricant film, and lubricant film has a small amount of point-like and block peeling feature.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment Wear Temperature is 500 DEG C, is Si to mill part
3n
4pottery, load is 15N, and gliding cable structure is 0.5m/s, and wearing-in period is 1.25h, and coasting distance is 2250m.NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy block sample is fixed on lower specimen holder, Si
3n
4ceramic Balls is fixed on specimen holder, is placed in hot plate, and Heating temperature is 500 DEG C, and heat-up rate is 20 DEG C/min, and after temperature is raised to 500 DEG C, insulation 2min, loads, and upper sample axle drives Si
3n
4ceramic Balls is rotated and is started frictional wear, is cooled to room temperature in atmosphere after shutdown.
As shown in figure 12, in embodiment 6, NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction is with the carrying out of wear test, frictional coefficient held stationary, and recording average friction coefficient is 0.25.
As shown in figure 13, in embodiment 6, NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction surface pattern can find out that friction surface defines smooth, smooth, complete oxide compound lubricant film, and lubricant film has a small amount of point-like and block peeling feature.
Embodiment 7
The present embodiment Wear Temperature is 600 DEG C, is Al to mill part
2o
3pottery, load is 20N, and gliding cable structure is 0.4m/s, and wearing-in period is 1.25h, and coasting distance is 1800m.NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy block sample is fixed on lower specimen holder, Al
2o
3ceramic Balls is fixed on specimen holder, is placed in hot plate, and Heating temperature is 600 DEG C, and heat-up rate is 60 DEG C/min, and after temperature is raised to 600 DEG C, insulation 2min, loads, and upper sample axle drives Al
2o
3ceramic Balls is rotated and is started frictional wear, is cooled to room temperature in atmosphere after shutdown.
As shown in figure 14, in embodiment 7, NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction is with the carrying out of wear test, and frictional coefficient is initially about 0.23, after wearing and tearing 6min, friction rises near 0.25, and keeps steady state, and recording average friction coefficient is 0.25.
As shown in figure 15, in embodiment 7, NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction surface pattern can find out that friction surface defines smooth, smooth, complete oxide compound lubricant film, and lubricant film has a small amount of point-like and block peeling feature.
Embodiment result shows, the present invention adopts NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy as self-lubricating abrasion-proof material, NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy can with SiC, Si
3n
4or Al
2o
3join pair Deng stupalith and Wimet, load is 10 ~ 20N, and sliding velocity is 0.2 ~ 0.5m/s, is in the mechanism slips parts of frictional wear operating mode under being applied to room temperature ~ 600 DEG C atmospheric condition.Under this operating mode, NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy has excellent lasting self-lubricating property and wear resisting property.
Claims (5)
1. NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy is as an application for high temperature self-lubricating composite, it is characterized in that: NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy, as mechanism slips parts, is applied to room temperature to 600 DEG C self-lubricating material, is SiC, Si to mill part material
3n
4or Al
2o
3stupalith or Wimet.
2. a kind of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy as described in claim 1 is as the application of high temperature self-lubricating composite, it is characterized in that: the load of high-abrasive material is 10 ~ 20N, sliding velocity is 0.2 ~ 0.5 m/s, is in the mechanism slips parts of frictional wear operating mode under being applied to room temperature to 600oC atmospheric condition.
3. a kind of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy as described in claim 1, as the application of high temperature self-lubricating composite, is characterized in that: the frictional coefficient of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co matrix material is 0.24 ~ 0.27.
4. a kind of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy as described in claim 1, as the application of high temperature self-lubricating composite, is characterized in that: the friction surface of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co matrix material forms oxide compound lubricant film.
5. a kind of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy as described in claim 4, as the application of high temperature self-lubricating composite, is characterized in that: the oxide compound lubricant film of the friction surface formation of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co matrix material is the oxide compound lubricant film of Co.
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| CN104032190B (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2016-02-10 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-1B-5Co-2.5Re alloy is as the application of self-lubricating abrasion-proof material under caustic corrosion operating mode |
| CN107177757A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-09-19 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of self-lubricating abrasion-resistant of NiAl based alloys in carbon dioxide environment damages application |
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| US8048368B2 (en) * | 2008-11-26 | 2011-11-01 | Alstom Technology Ltd. | High temperature and oxidation resistant material |
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2013
- 2013-04-12 CN CN201310128015.1A patent/CN103160708B/en active Active
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| US5935349A (en) * | 1994-05-21 | 1999-08-10 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Intermetallic nickel-aluminum base alloy and material formed of the alloy |
| CN101613824A (en) * | 2008-06-27 | 2009-12-30 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A kind of nickel aluminum eutectic alloy is as the application of high temperature self-lubricating abrasion-proof material |
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