CN103160708A - Application of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy as high-temperature self-lubricating material - Google Patents
Application of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy as high-temperature self-lubricating material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses application of an NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy as a high-temperature self-lubricating material. Electrolytic Ni and metals Al, Cr, Ta and Co used as raw materials are smelted in a vacuum arc furnace and cast into a round ingot according to the proportion. When the alloy is used as a self-lubricating material for a mechanism slide component applicable to room temperature to high temperature, the wearing part material is an SiC, Si3N4 or Al2O3 ceramic material, or hard alloy. The load of the wear-resistant material is 10-20N, the slide speed is 0.2-0.5 m/s, and the wear-resistant material is applied to a mechanism slide component under frictional wear working conditions at room temperature to 600 DEG C under atmospheric conditions. Under such working conditions, the NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy has excellent enduring self-lubricating property. The invention solves the problem of self-lubricating property of the NiAl-base alloy at normal temperature to 200 DEG C and at 500 DEG C to 600 DEG C.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the high-temperature self-lubrication utilisation technology of nickel aluminum-based composite material, be specially a kind of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy as the application of high temperature self-lubricating composite.
Background technology
Intermetallic compound NiAl is desirable high-temperature structural material, have high-melting-point (1640 ℃), high thermal conductivity (70～80W/mK), low density (5.86g/cm
3) and the excellent advantages such as antioxidant property.Yet the problems such as room temperature tensile plasticity is poor, the room temperature fracture resistance is low and hot strength is not enough and the high temperature creep drag is low are restricting the practicalization that NiAl is used for structural component materials always.For many years, people are from alloying, and in preparation, the angle of life and external matrix material is set out, and adopts the methods such as solution strengthening, second-phase reinforcement, oxide dispersion intensifying (ODS), has improved Properties of High Temperature Creep and the Room-Temperature Fracture Toughness of NiAl alloy.Have enough Room-Temperature Fracture Toughness but NiAl base alloy is reached simultaneously, creep strength that can be comparable with superalloy, and 2% room temperature tensile plasticity also are difficult to meet the demands.At present NiAl is except the coated material widespread use as Ni base and Co based high-temperature alloy, also less than being used widely as high-temperature structural material and functional materials.
Consider the compressive stress state of nature under the frictional wear operating mode, the friction and wear behavior of in-situ endogenic NiAl-Al2O3-TiC matrix material, NiAl-Cr (Mo)-Ho-Hf eutectic alloy and NiAl-Cr (Mo)-CrxSy matrix material has been studied by Metal Inst., Chinese Academy of Sciences and University Of Science and Technology Of Hunan.Found that, under room temperature frictional wear operating mode, the stretching plastic of alloy is compared with hardness, intensity, compression plasticity and work hardening capacity becomes less important performance index, and its dry friction and wear is controlled by viscous deformation, has abrasion resistance properties preferably; Under the condition of atmosphere and metal to-metal contact, alloy can produce good self-lubricating and wear-resistant effect in the high temperature friction and wear of 700 ℃～900 ℃, frictional coefficient and wear rate are lower than Ni base self-lubricating alloy (alloy contains W, Mo, Co), and self-lubricating property has persistence.In addition, NiAl-Cr (Mo)-CrxSy matrix material forms the CrxSy lubricant film at 200 ℃～400 ℃ friction surfaces, has produced self-lubricating property, and the NiAl based self-lubricating material of wide temperature range provides Research Thinking in order to develop more.
At present will be as self-lubricating material about NiAl base alloy and widespread use still need solve three problems: the 1. self-lubricating property of normal temperature to 200 ℃; 2. the self-lubricating property of 500 ℃ to 600 ℃; 3. need solve the self-lubricating property of 1000 ℃.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the defective that exists in prior art, the invention provides a kind of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy as the application of high temperature self-lubricating composite.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is:
A kind of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy is as the application of high temperature self-lubricating composite, and the NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy with room temperature to 600 ℃ self-lubricating material, is SiC, Si to mill part material as mechanism's slide unit
3N
4, Al
2O
3Stupalith or Wimet.
Described a kind of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy is as the application of high temperature self-lubricating composite, the load of high-abrasive material is 10～20N, sliding velocity is 0.2～0.5m/s, is applied to be under room temperature to 600 ℃ atmospheric condition mechanism's slide unit of frictional wear operating mode.
Described a kind of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy is as the application of high temperature self-lubricating composite, and the frictional coefficient of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co matrix material is 0.24～0.27.
Described a kind of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy is as the application of high temperature self-lubricating composite, and the friction surface of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co matrix material forms the oxide compound lubricant film of Co.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: 1. NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy structure of the present invention is by NiAl, Cr, Cr2Ta and Co3Ta phase composite, in process of friction and wear, oxide compound lubricant film at friction surface self-forming Co, because this lubricant film has self-healing properties in frictional wear, room temperature to 600 ℃ has lasting self-lubricating property.Solved the difficult problem of the self-lubricating property of the self-lubricating property of NiAl base alloy normal temperature to 200 ℃ and 500 ℃ to 600 ℃.2. NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy of the present invention can be respectively and SiC, Si
3N
4And Al
2O
3Join pair Deng stupalith and Wimet, applied range.3. the present invention with the NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy as self-lubricating material, to have added Ta, Cr and Co as the NiAl base alloy of strengthening element, alloy is excellent in compressive strength, plasticity and the hardness of room temperature to 600 ℃, be under the wear working condition of stress in load, room temperature to 600 ℃ friction and wear behavior shows excellent self-lubricating property, and frictional coefficient is 0.24～0.27.
Description of drawings
The SEM pattern of Fig. 1 NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy.
(b) .X diffracting spectrum of Fig. 2 NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy.
The variation tendency of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction under Fig. 3 normal temperature.
The lower NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy of Fig. 4 normal temperature friction surface lubricant film pattern.
100 ℃ of lower NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction variation tendencies of Fig. 5.
100 ℃ of lower NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction surface lubricant film patterns of Fig. 6.
200 ℃ of lower NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction variation tendencies of Fig. 7.
200 ℃ of lower NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction surface lubricant film patterns of Fig. 8.
300 ℃ of lower NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction variation tendencies of Fig. 9.
300 ℃ of lower NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction surface lubricant film patterns of Figure 10.
400 ℃ of lower NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction variation tendencies of Figure 11.
400 ℃ of lower NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction surface lubricant film patterns of Figure 12.
500 ℃ of lower NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction variation tendencies of Figure 13.
500 ℃ of lower NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction surface lubricant film patterns of Figure 14.
600 ℃ of lower NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction variation tendencies of Figure 15.
600 ℃ of lower NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction surface lubricant film patterns of Figure 16.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Practical application methods of the present invention is implemented as follows:
1, NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy block sample is fixed on lower specimen holder, pottery or sintered carbide ball are fixed on specimen holder, be placed in to add in electrothermal stove and heat up, heat-up rate is 20 ℃/minute, after temperature is raised to design temperature, insulation 2min loads, and upper sample axle drives pottery or sintered carbide ball rotates the beginning frictional wear.
2, load is 10～20N, and slip speed is 0.2～0.5m/s, and the frictional wear experiment temperature is room temperature～600 ℃, metal to-metal contact under atmosphere.
The frictional coefficient of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy under table 1 differing temps
| Temperature | |
100 |
200 |
300 |
400 |
500 |
600℃ |
| NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co | 0.27 | 0.24 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.26 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
| NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr | 0.36 | 0.34 | 0.41 | 0.43 | 0.45 | 0.48 | 0.52 |
Shown in table 1, under differing temps, can find out: the frictional coefficient of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy is 0.24～0.27.
As shown in Figure 1, the NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy structure is by NiAl, Cr, Cr2Ta and Co3Ta phase composite.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment Wear Temperature is room temperature, is the SiC pottery to the mill part, and load is 20N, and slip speed is 0.2m/s, and wearing-in period is 0.5h, and coasting distance is 360m.NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy block sample is fixed on lower specimen holder, and the SiC stupalith is fixed on specimen holder, loads, and upper sample axle drives SiC ball sample and rotates the beginning frictional wear.
As shown in Figure 2, in embodiment 1, the NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction is with the carrying out of wear test, and initial frictional coefficient is 0.26 left and right, along with the frictional coefficient that carries out that weares and teares slightly raises, after wearing and tearing 7min, it is stable that frictional coefficient keeps, and recording average friction coefficient is 0.27.
As shown in Figure 3, in embodiment 1, NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction surface pattern can find out that friction surface has formed more smooth, complete oxide compound lubricant film, and this lubricant film is having the slight feature of peeling off.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment Wear Temperature is 100 ℃, is Si to the mill part
3N
4Pottery, load are 20N, and slip speed is 0.3m/s, and wearing-in period is 1.25h, and coasting distance is 1350m.NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy block sample is fixed on lower specimen holder Si
3N
4Stupalith is fixed on specimen holder, is placed in to add in electrothermal stove, and Heating temperature is 100 ℃, and heat-up rate is 20 ℃/minute, and after temperature was raised to 100 ℃, insulation 2min loaded, and upper sample axle drives Si
3N
4The ball sample rotates the beginning frictional wear, is cooled to room temperature after shutting down in air.
As shown in Figure 4, in embodiment 2 the NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction with the carrying out of wear test, the frictional coefficient held stationary, recording average friction coefficient is 0.24.
As shown in Figure 5, in embodiment 2, NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction surface pattern can find out that friction surface has formed smooth, smooth oxide compound lubricant film.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment Wear Temperature is 200 ℃, is Si to the mill part
3N
4Pottery, load are 15N, and slip speed is 0.5m/s, and wearing-in period is 1.25h, and coasting distance is 2250m.NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy block sample is fixed on lower specimen holder Si
3N
4Ceramic Balls is fixed on specimen holder, is placed in to add in electrothermal stove, and Heating temperature is 200 ℃, and heat-up rate is 20 ℃/minute, and after temperature was raised to 200 ℃, insulation 2min loaded, and upper sample axle drives Si
3N
4Ceramic Balls is rotated the beginning frictional wear, is cooled to room temperature after shutting down in air.
As shown in Figure 6, in embodiment 3 the NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction with the carrying out of wear test, the frictional coefficient held stationary, recording average friction coefficient is 0.25.
As shown in Figure 7, in embodiment 3, NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction surface pattern can find out that friction surface has formed smooth, smooth, complete oxide compound lubricant film, and lubricant film has the feature of peeling off of a small amount of point-like and bulk.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment Wear Temperature is 300 ℃, is Al to the mill part
2O
3Pottery, load are 20N, and slip speed is 0.4m/s, and wearing-in period is 1.25h, and coasting distance is 1800m.NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy block sample is fixed on lower specimen holder Al
2O
3Ceramic Balls is fixed on specimen holder, is placed in to add in electrothermal stove, and Heating temperature is 300 ℃, and heat-up rate is 20 ℃/minute, and after temperature was raised to 300 ℃, insulation 2min loaded, and upper sample axle drives Al
2O
3Ceramic Balls is rotated the beginning frictional wear, is cooled to room temperature after shutting down in air.
As shown in Figure 8, in embodiment 4, the NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction is with the carrying out of wear test, and frictional coefficient keeps steady state near 0.24, and recording average friction coefficient is 0.25.
As shown in Figure 9, in embodiment 4, NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction surface pattern can find out that friction surface has formed smooth, smooth, complete oxide compound lubricant film, and lubricant film has the feature of peeling off of a small amount of point-like and bulk.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment Wear Temperature is 400 ℃, is the YG8 Wimet to the mill part, and load is 10N, and slip speed is 0.3m/s, and wearing-in period is 1.25h, and coasting distance is 1350m.NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy block sample is fixed on lower specimen holder; Wimet is fixed on specimen holder; be placed in and add in electrothermal stove; Heating temperature is 400 ℃, and heat-up rate is 20 ℃/minute, after temperature is raised to 400 ℃; insulation 2min; load, upper sample axle drives the sintered carbide ball sample and rotates the beginning frictional wear, is cooled to room temperature after shutting down in air.
As shown in figure 10, in embodiment 5 the NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction with the carrying out of wear test, the frictional coefficient held stationary, recording average friction coefficient is 0.26.
As shown in figure 11, in embodiment 5, NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction surface pattern can find out that friction surface has formed smooth, smooth oxide compound lubricant film, and lubricant film has the feature of peeling off of a small amount of point-like and bulk.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment Wear Temperature is 500 ℃, is Si to the mill part
3N
4Pottery, load are 15N, and slip speed is 0.5m/s, and wearing-in period is 1.25h, and coasting distance is 2250m.NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy block sample is fixed on lower specimen holder Si
3N
4Ceramic Balls is fixed on specimen holder, is placed in to add in electrothermal stove, and Heating temperature is 500 ℃, and heat-up rate is 20 ℃/minute, and after temperature was raised to 500 ℃, insulation 2min loaded, and upper sample axle drives Si
3N
4Ceramic Balls is rotated the beginning frictional wear, is cooled to room temperature after shutting down in air.
As shown in figure 12, in embodiment 6 the NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction with the carrying out of wear test, the frictional coefficient held stationary, recording average friction coefficient is 0.25.
As shown in figure 13, in embodiment 6, NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction surface pattern can find out that friction surface has formed smooth, smooth, complete oxide compound lubricant film, and lubricant film has the feature of peeling off of a small amount of point-like and bulk.
Embodiment 7
The present embodiment Wear Temperature is 600 ℃, is Al to the mill part
2O
3Pottery, load are 20N, and slip speed is 0.4m/s, and wearing-in period is 1.25h, and coasting distance is 1800m.NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy block sample is fixed on lower specimen holder Al
2O
3Ceramic Balls is fixed on specimen holder, is placed in to add in electrothermal stove, and Heating temperature is 600 ℃, and heat-up rate is 60 ℃/minute, and after temperature was raised to 600 ℃, insulation 2min loaded, and upper sample axle drives Al
2O
3Ceramic Balls is rotated the beginning frictional wear, is cooled to room temperature after shutting down in air.
As shown in figure 14, in embodiment 7, the NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction is with the carrying out of wear test, and frictional coefficient is initially 0.23 left and right, after wearing and tearing 6min, friction rises near 0.25, and keeps steady state, and recording average friction coefficient is 0.25.
As shown in figure 15, in embodiment 7, NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy friction surface pattern can find out that friction surface has formed smooth, smooth, complete oxide compound lubricant film, and lubricant film has the feature of peeling off of a small amount of point-like and bulk.
The embodiment result shows, the present invention adopts the NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy as self-lubricating abrasion-proof material, the NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy can with SiC, Si
3N
4Or Al
2O
3Join pair Deng stupalith and Wimet, load is 10～20N, and sliding velocity is 0.2～0.5m/s, is applied to be under ℃ atmospheric condition of room temperature～600 mechanism's slide unit of frictional wear operating mode.Under this operating mode, the NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy has excellent lasting self-lubricating property and wear resisting property.
Claims (5)
1. a NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy as the application of high temperature self-lubricating composite, is characterized in that: the NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy with room temperature to 600 ℃ self-lubricating material, is SiC, Si to mill part material as mechanism's slide unit
3N
4, Al
2O
3Stupalith or Wimet.
2. a kind of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy as claimed in claim 1 is as the application of high temperature self-lubricating composite, it is characterized in that: the load of high-abrasive material is 10～20N, sliding velocity is 0.2～0.5m/s, is applied to be under room temperature to 600 ℃ atmospheric condition mechanism's slide unit of frictional wear operating mode.
3. a kind of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy as claimed in claim 1 as the application of high temperature self-lubricating composite, is characterized in that: the frictional coefficient of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co matrix material is 0.24～0.27.
4. a kind of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy as claimed in claim 1 as the application of high temperature self-lubricating composite, is characterized in that: the friction surface of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co matrix material forms the oxide compound lubricant film.
5. a kind of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co alloy as claimed in claim 4 as the application of high temperature self-lubricating composite, is characterized in that: the oxide compound lubricant film that the friction surface of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-20Co matrix material forms is the oxide compound lubricant film of Co.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104032190A (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2014-09-10 | 湖南科技大学 | Application of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-1B-5Co-2.5Re alloy taken as self-lubricating abrasion-resistant material under alkaline corrosion working condition |
| CN107177757A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-09-19 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of self-lubricating abrasion-resistant of NiAl based alloys in carbon dioxide environment damages application |
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| US5935349A (en) * | 1994-05-21 | 1999-08-10 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Intermetallic nickel-aluminum base alloy and material formed of the alloy |
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| CN104032190A (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2014-09-10 | 湖南科技大学 | Application of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr-1B-5Co-2.5Re alloy taken as self-lubricating abrasion-resistant material under alkaline corrosion working condition |
| CN107177757A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-09-19 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of self-lubricating abrasion-resistant of NiAl based alloys in carbon dioxide environment damages application |
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