The dual-purpose cutting machine of laser plasma
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of industrial cutting equipment, the dual-purpose cutting machine of especially a kind of laser plasma.
Background technology
Existing numerical control cutting machine mainly contains two kinds of numerical control laser cutters and numerical control plasma cutting machine, numerical control laser cutter function is many, flexibility is good, machining accuracy is high, but this equipment manufacturing cost is high, although numerical control plasma cutting machine cost is low, but function singleness, machining accuracy can not compared with numerical control laser cutter, and although the dual-purpose cutting machine of general laser plasma can concentrate both advantages, but due to the mutual interference that cutting head is arranged, generally mutually can only change use, make troubles to operation, and existing numerical control laser cutter and numerical control plasma cutting machine generally can only cutting metal sheet materials, when incising pipes, not only require that tubing rotates, also require the difference due to pipe diameter, when using cutting machine, position between tube wall and cutting head will constantly adjust, these all give plasma, laser cutting machine incising pipes proposes a difficult problem, make plasma, laser cutting machine can not be widely used always in the cutting of tubing.
Simultaneously when laser cutting, general use solid-state laser generator makes Metal Cutting, the laser instrument of welding, ruddiness mirror is generally comprised in solid-state laser generator, reflective mirror, laser pump cavity, semi-reflective mirror, beam expanding lens etc., solid-state laser generator in use regulates the spacing of various mirror to be the key factor affecting laser generation parameter, simultaneously because solid-state laser generator is widely used as Metal Cutting, the laser instrument of welding, environment for use is poor, dust-proof effect is bad, laser lens, the strike that protective lens is easy to be subject to dust forms patch, have a strong impact on the size of laser energy, laser can be made unstable, the energy produced is low, cutting effect is poor.Focus lamp is parts necessary on laser cutting head in addition, due to the job specification of laser cutting head, when needing the steel plate cutting different-thickness, then need the focal length adjusting focus lamp, the high temperature fines produced when focus lamp often inevitably can touch work simultaneously, make focus lamp impaired, then must change, the laser cutting head of prior art is due to its reasons in structure, need to dismantle multiple parts and can change focus lamp, simultaneously due to the reasons in structure of the laser cutting head of prior art, exist and lack the too complicated and problem that refrigeration is not good of cooling system or cooling system, once the working time is long, internal temperature will sharply rise, not only affect cutting accuracy, reduce operating efficiency, more can damage inner body time serious to result in greater loss.Therefore, in laser head cutting, the complicated operation of the focus lamp that focalizes, changes has had influence on operating efficiency, and job schedule is slowed down greatly.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly on numerical control cutting machine, have laser cutting head rational in infrastructure and CNC Plasma Cutting head simultaneously, facilitate the solid-state laser generator of adjusting mirror spacing, good dustproof effect with can soon burnt the and duel-focus laser cutting head that machining accuracy is high of quick change to meet the process requirements different to workpiece, particularly to the dual-purpose cutting machine of laser plasma that metal pipe material cuts.
In order to achieve the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is: the dual-purpose cutting machine of a kind of laser plasma, comprises lathe bed, and described lathe bed is connected with crossbeam, and crossbeam upper driving is connected with planker, and lathe bed is also fixedly connected with workbench and drag chain, and its innovation is:
1. described planker is provided with YAG solid-state laser generator, YAG solid-state laser generator is provided with bright dipping gripper shoe, described bright dipping gripper shoe is fitted with two cover elevating mechanisms, wherein one set of lifting mechanism and duel-focus laser cutting head load, another set of elevating mechanism is fitted with plasma cutting-torch;
2. lathe bed is also provided with and rotates pipe cutting chuck and rotate pipe cutting bracing frame, described rotation pipe cutting chuck, comprise mounting plate, moving slide board, bearing block, nut seat, chuck elevating screw, reduction box, reduction gearbox output shaft, chuck and servomotor, mounting plate is provided with dovetail groove and bearing block, chuck elevating screw is by bearing and bearing block load, a side of moving slide board is by being in transmission connection with the chuck elevating screw of its fixing nut seat and mounting plate, another side of described moving slide board is fixedly connected with by the reduction box of driven by servomotor, the output shaft of reduction box is fixedly connected with chuck,
3. described YAG solid-state laser generator, comprise ruddiness mirror holder unit, mirror holder unit, first dirt-proof boot, laser pump cavity, second dirt-proof boot, semi-reflective mirror frame unit, expand mirror holder unit, bright dipping gripper shoe, trivet, aluminium alloy dust cover, outer dust cover, leak hunting inductive pick-up, alloy cast iron laser base plate and alloy cast iron dovetail regulating block, alloy cast iron laser base plate is provided with dovetail groove track, described ruddiness mirror holder unit, mirror holder unit, laser pump cavity, semi-reflective mirror frame unit and expand mirror holder unit and be installed on the dovetail groove track that alloy cast iron laser base plate is provided with respectively by respective alloy cast iron dovetail regulating block, on alloy cast iron laser base plate, also fixed-link has bright dipping gripper shoe, trivet, aluminium alloy dust cover, outer dust cover and the inductive pick-up that leaks hunting, mirror holder unit is set with the first dirt-proof boot, semi-reflective mirror frame unit is set with the second dirt-proof boot, bright dipping gripper shoe is provided with light hole.
Described bright dipping gripper shoe is fitted with fixed head and mirror support seat, bright dipping gripper shoe is provided with light hole, mirror support seat is equipped with at light hole place, mirror support seat to be provided with light hole concentric endoporus and to be the reflection hole of 90 ° with light hole center line, reflection frame is fitted with in described endoporus, it is the speculum of 45 ° that reflection frame is positioned at that inner hole centreline and reflection hole center line intersection be provided with light hole center line, described reflection hole place is provided with reflection hole outlet(discharge) flange, on described fixed head, elevating mechanism is overlapped in load two, described elevating mechanism is provided with the lifting ball-screw driven by lifting motor and the lifting upper slide rest coordinated with lifting ball-screw, described fixed head is also fixedly connected with the cylindrical linear rail that guiding lifting upper slide rest rises or declines, described lifting upper slide rest comprises the screw coordinated with lifting ball-screw-transmission and the cutting head connecting plate be fixedly connected with screw, cutting head connecting plate is also provided with the linear bearing be in transmission connection with cylindrical linear rail, cutting head connecting plate in one set of lifting mechanism is connected with duel-focus laser cutting head with laser head regulating sleeve by laser head adapter sleeve, laser head adapter sleeve is threaded with the laser head regulating sleeve of load duel-focus laser cutting head, the endoporus of described laser head adapter sleeve is corresponding with the endoporus center of reflection hole outlet(discharge) flange, and be fitted with bellows dust cover between laser head adapter sleeve and reflection hole outlet(discharge) flange, cutting head connecting plate in another set of elevating mechanism directly and plasma cutting-torch load.
The bracing frame of described rotation pipe cutting, comprise a pair line slide rail be arranged on fixed mount and the supporting seat be slidably connected with line slide rail, supporting seat comprises connecting plate and bracing frame, connecting plate is slidably connected by two linear bearings and a pair line slide rail, connecting plate is provided with nut seat and two fairleads, the axis of guide and adjustment screw rod is provided with below the base plate of support frame as described above, the fairlead of the axis of guide and connecting plate is slidably matched load, adjustment screw rod is threaded with the nut seat of connecting plate, described nut seat is positioned at below connecting plate and is installed with back-up ring, the substrate of support frame as described above is provided with V-arrangement supporting surface.
Described duel-focus laser cutting head comprises nozzle, nozzle carrier, first spacer ring, second spacer ring, focal length fine-adjusting unit I and the first focus lamp framework (2-7), nozzle (2-1) is by the first spacer ring (2-5) and the second spacer ring (2-2) and nozzle carrier (2-3) load, there is between first spacer ring and the second spacer ring inductive probe core, focal length fine-adjusting unit I bottom is fixedly connected with little protection microscope base, top is fixedly connected with the first focus lamp framework, little protective glass seat is positioned at above the first spacer ring, and be fixedly connected with the first spacer ring, little protective lens is installed with in little protection microscope base, the top of described first focus lamp framework is also fitted with water cooling unit II, second focus lamp framework and anti-collision unit III successively, focal length fine-adjusting unit I comprises focusing retainer plate, the moving-coil that focalizes, spline cover and protective glass, focusing retainer plate is nested in spline cover inwall, and be provided with spline pin between spline cover and focusing retainer plate, the moving-coil that focalizes is threaded with the periphery wall that spline is overlapped, focalize between moving-coil and focusing retainer plate and there is the ball grooves holding ball, focalize on moving-coil outer wall and have distance scale, little protection microscope base is fixedly connected with the spline cover of focal length fine-adjusting unit I, protective glass is installed on the inwall of focusing retainer plate, first focus lamp framework comprises the first as a whole left focus lamp framework of load and the first right focus lamp framework, the first focus lamp is installed with in first focus lamp framework, second focus lamp framework comprises the second left focus lamp framework and the second right focus lamp framework, is installed with the second focus lamp in the second focus lamp framework.
Described first left focus lamp framework and the first right focus lamp framework are connected by screw as a whole, and the first left focus lamp framework is provided with the first focus lamp link boss, first right focus lamp framework is provided with and links the first corresponding focus lamp connecting groove of boss with the first focus lamp, described second left focus lamp framework and the second right focus lamp framework are connected by screw as a whole, and the second left focus lamp framework is provided with the second focus lamp link boss, the second right focus lamp framework is provided with and links the second corresponding focus lamp connecting groove of boss with the second focus lamp.
Described water cooling unit II comprises cooling jacket and water-cooled inner sleeve, and water-cooled inner sleeve is nested in cooling jacket inwall, and the inwall of cooling jacket has cannelure, and the outer wall of cooling jacket has the water inlet connected with cannelure.
Described anti-collision unit III, comprises fixed disk, impact switch and magnetic receiver, and impact switch is fixed on fixed disk by magnetic receiver, and magnetic receiver is fixedly connected with fixed disk by alignment pin.
Described little protection microscope base has air chamber and described air chamber is connected with protection gas interface.
After adopting said structure, because the present invention has digital-control laser cutting head and numerical control plasma torch cutting simultaneously, meet the process requirements that enterprise is different to workpiece in concrete production, reduce production cost simultaneously, and lathe bed is also provided with rotation pipe cutting chuck and rotates pipe cutting bracing frame, just can realize digital-control laser cutting head and plasma cutting-torch to the cutting of metal pipe material, expand the cut coverage of cutting machine, improve working (machining) efficiency.
Due to the YAG solid laser generator that planker of the present invention is arranged, dovetail groove track is provided with at its alloy cast iron laser base plate, described ruddiness mirror holder unit, mirror holder unit, laser pump cavity, semi-reflective mirror frame unit and expand mirror holder unit and be installed on the dovetail groove track that alloy cast iron laser base plate is provided with respectively by respective alloy cast iron dovetail regulating block, when adjusting mirror spacing, move as long as install on dovetail groove track that the alloy cast iron dovetail regulating block that needs to adjust mirror is provided with at alloy cast iron laser base plate by hand propelled, just easily can complete the work of adjusting mirror spacing, simultaneously due to mirror holder unit being set with the first dirt-proof boot, semi-reflective mirror frame unit is set with the second dirt-proof boot, on alloy cast iron laser base plate, also fixed-link has the aluminium alloy dust cover and outer dust cover that laser transmitting system entirety are hidden, dust-proof through three layers like this, good dustproof effect, solve the problem because the dust-proof bad laser that brings is unstable, energy is low, cutting effect is poor, substantially increase that solid-state laser generator is used as Metal Cutting, the laser instrument of welding carries out the quality of cutting.
In addition, because the present invention uses duel-focus laser cutting head, namely above the first focus lamp framework, also water cooling unit II is fitted with successively, second focus lamp framework, solve the cooling problem of fast quick change Jiao and focus lamp, water cooling unit II is arranged between the first focus lamp framework and the second focus lamp framework, can cool the first focus lamp and the second focus lamp simultaneously, turn increase the focal length of the second focus lamp, when cutting sheet metal, use the first focus lamp in the first focus lamp framework of short focus, during cutting steel plate, use the second focus lamp in the second focus lamp framework of long-focus, as long as a laser cutting head is changed use different focus lamps, the cutting work of different-thickness steel plate can be completed.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural upright schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural upright schematic diagram after Fig. 1 removes YAG solid laser generator;
Fig. 3 is the front view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation rotating pipe cutting chuck in Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is the mounting plate of Fig. 4 and the top view of moving slide board load part;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of YAG solid laser generator in Fig. 1;
Fig. 7 is the top view of Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is the left view that Fig. 6 has installed aluminium alloy dust cover and outer dust cover;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of laser head elevating mechanism in Fig. 1;
Figure 10 is the top view of Fig. 9;
Figure 11 is the structural representation of duel-focus laser cutting head in Fig. 1;
Figure 12 is the structural representation of the first focus lamp framework in Figure 11;
Figure 13 is the structural representation of the second focus lamp framework in Figure 11;
Figure 14 is the structural representation of the bracing frame rotating pipe cutting in Fig. 1.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is further detailed explanation for the embodiment provided below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
See Fig. 1,2,3, the dual-purpose cutting machine of a kind of laser plasma, comprises lathe bed 6, and described lathe bed 6 driving-chain is connected to crossbeam 3, and crossbeam 3 upper driving chain is connected to planker 7, and lathe bed 6 is also fixedly connected with workbench 8 and drag chain 5, and its innovation is:
See Fig. 1,3,6,7,8, described planker 7 is provided with YAG solid-state laser generator 4, YAG solid-state laser generator 4 is provided with bright dipping gripper shoe 4-8, described bright dipping gripper shoe 4-8 is fitted with two cover elevating mechanisms 1, wherein one set of lifting mechanism 1 and duel-focus laser cutting head 2 load, another set of elevating mechanism 1 is fitted with plasma cutting-torch 11;
See Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, lathe bed 6 is also provided with and rotates pipe cutting chuck 10 and rotate pipe cutting bracing frame 9, described rotation pipe cutting chuck 10, comprise mounting plate 10-1, moving slide board 10-2, bearing block 10-3, nut seat 10-4, chuck elevating screw 10-5, reduction box 10-6, reduction gearbox output shaft 10-7, chuck 10-8 and servomotor 10-9, mounting plate 10-1 is provided with dovetail groove 10-1-1 and bearing block 10-3, chuck elevating screw 10-5 is by bearing and bearing block 10-3 load, a side of moving slide board 10-2 is by being in transmission connection with the chuck elevating screw 10-5 of its fixing nut seat 10-4 and mounting plate 10-1, another side of described moving slide board 10-2 is fixedly connected with the reduction box 10-6 driven by servomotor 10-9, the output shaft 10-7 of reduction box 10-6 is fixedly connected with chuck 10-8,
See Fig. 1, 3, 6, 7, 8, conveniently adjust mirror distance, improve dust-proof effect, described YAG solid-state laser generator 4, comprises ruddiness mirror holder unit 4-1, mirror holder unit 4-2, first dirt-proof boot 4-3, laser pump cavity 4-4, second dirt-proof boot 4-5, semi-reflective mirror frame unit 4-6, expand mirror holder unit 4-7, bright dipping gripper shoe 4-8, trivet 4-9, aluminium alloy dust cover 4-10, outer dust cover 4-11, leak hunting inductive pick-up 4-12, alloy cast iron laser base plate 4-13 and alloy cast iron dovetail regulating block 4-14, alloy cast iron laser base plate 4-13 is provided with dovetail groove track 4-13-1, described ruddiness mirror holder unit 4-1, mirror holder unit 4-2, laser pump cavity 4-4, semi-reflective mirror frame unit 4-6 and expand mirror holder unit 4-7 and be installed on the dovetail groove track 4-13-1 that alloy cast iron laser base plate 4-13 is provided with respectively by respective alloy cast iron dovetail regulating block 4-14, and fixed-link has bright dipping gripper shoe 4-8 alloy cast iron laser base plate 4-13 on, triangle 4-9, aluminium alloy dust cover 4-10, outer dust cover 4-11 and the inductive pick-up 4-12 that leaks hunting, mirror holder unit 4-2 is set with the first dirt-proof boot 4-3, semi-reflective mirror frame unit 4-6 is set with the second dirt-proof boot 4-5, and bright dipping gripper shoe 4-8 is provided with light hole 4-8-1.
See Fig. 1, 3, 9, 10, in order to have laser cutting head rational in infrastructure and CNC Plasma Cutting head simultaneously, described bright dipping gripper shoe 4-8 is fitted with fixed head 1-9 and mirror support seat 1-10, bright dipping gripper shoe 4-8 is provided with light hole 4-8-1, mirror support seat 1-10 is equipped with at light hole 4-8-1 place, mirror support seat 1-10 to be provided with light hole 4-8-1 concentric endoporus 1-10-1 and to be the reflection hole 1-10-2 of 90 ° with light hole 4-8-1 center line, reflection frame 1-5 is fitted with in described endoporus 1-10-1, it is the speculum 1-6 of 45 ° that reflection frame 1-5 is positioned at that endoporus 1-10-1 center line and reflection hole 1-10-2 center line intersection be provided with light hole 4-8-1 center line, described reflection hole 1-10-2 place is provided with reflection hole outlet(discharge) flange 1-10-3, on described fixed head 1-9, elevating mechanism 1 is overlapped in load two, described elevating mechanism 1 is provided with the lifting ball-screw 1-11 driven by lifting motor 1-7 and the lifting upper slide rest 1-12 coordinated with lifting ball-screw 1-11, described fixed head 1-9 is also fixedly connected with the cylindrical linear rail 1-13 that guiding lifting upper slide rest 1-12 rises or declines, described lifting upper slide rest 1-12 comprises the screw 1-12-1 coordinated with lifting ball-screw 1-11 transmission and the cutting head connecting plate 1-12-2 be fixedly connected with screw 1-12-1, cutting head connecting plate 1-12-2 is also provided with the linear bearing be in transmission connection with cylindrical linear rail 1-13, cutting head connecting plate 1-12-2 in one set of lifting mechanism 1 is connected with duel-focus laser cutting head 2 with laser head regulating sleeve 1-2 by laser head adapter sleeve 1-3, laser head adapter sleeve 1-3 is threaded with the laser head regulating sleeve 1-2 of load duel-focus laser cutting head 2, the endoporus of described laser head adapter sleeve 1-3 is corresponding with the endoporus center of reflection hole outlet(discharge) flange 1-10-1, and be fitted with bellows dust cover 1-4 between laser head adapter sleeve 1-3 and reflection hole outlet(discharge) flange 1-10-1, cutting head connecting plate 1-12-2 in another set of elevating mechanism 1 directly and plasma cutting-torch 11 load.
See Fig. 1, 3, 14, rock when cutting to prevent microscler tubing, the bracing frame 7 of described rotation pipe cutting, comprise a pair line slide rail 7-2 be arranged on fixed mount 7-1 and the supporting seat 7-6 be slidably connected with line slide rail 7-2, supporting seat 7-6 comprises connecting plate 7-3 and bracing frame 7-4, connecting plate 7-3 is slidably connected by two linear bearings and a pair line slide rail 7-2, connecting plate 7-3 is provided with nut seat 7-8 and two fairlead 7-3-1, axis of guide 7-4-2 and adjustment screw rod 7-4-3 is provided with below the base plate 7-4-1 of support frame as described above 7-4, the fairlead 7-3-1 of axis of guide 7-4-2 and connecting plate 7-3 is slidably matched load, adjustment screw rod 7-4-3 is threaded with the nut seat 7-8 of connecting plate 7-3, described nut seat 9-8 is positioned at below connecting plate 9-3 and is installed with back-up ring 9-8-1, V-arrangement supporting surface is provided with above the base plate 9-4-1 of support frame as described above 9-4.
See Fig. 1, 3, 11, 12, 13, during in order to meet cutting thickness different steel plate, the needs of fast quick change focal length, described duel-focus laser cutting head 2 comprises nozzle 2-1, nozzle carrier 2-3, first spacer ring 2-5, second spacer ring 2-2, focal length fine-adjusting unit I and the first focus lamp framework (2-7), nozzle (2-1) is by the first spacer ring (2-5) and the second spacer ring (2-2) and nozzle carrier (2-3) load, there is between first spacer ring 2-5 and the second spacer ring 2-2 inductive probe core 2-4, focal length fine-adjusting unit I bottom is fixedly connected with little protection microscope base 2-19, top is fixedly connected with the first focus lamp framework 2-7, little protection microscope base 2-19 is positioned at above the first spacer ring 2-5, and be fixedly connected with the first spacer ring 2-5, little protective lens 2-6 is installed with in little protection microscope base 2-19, the top of described first focus lamp framework 2-7 is also fitted with water cooling unit II, second focus lamp framework 2-9 and anti-collision unit III successively, focal length fine-adjusting unit I comprises focusing retainer plate 2-20, focalize moving-coil 2-21, spline cover 2-17 and protective glass 2-16, focusing retainer plate 2-20 is nested in spline cover 2-17 inwall, and be provided with spline pin 2-18 between spline cover 2-17 and focusing retainer plate 2-20, the moving-coil 2-21 that focalizes is threaded with the periphery wall that spline overlaps 2-17, focalize between moving-coil 2-21 and focusing retainer plate 2-20 and there is the ball grooves holding ball 2-22, focalize on moving-coil 2-21 outer wall and there is distance scale 2-21-1, little protection microscope base 2-19 overlaps 2-17 with the spline of focal length fine-adjusting unit I and is fixedly connected with, protective glass 2-16 is installed on the inwall of focusing retainer plate 2-20, first focus lamp framework 2-7 comprises the first as a whole left focus lamp framework 2-7-1 of load and the first right focus lamp framework 2-7-2, the first focus lamp 2-14 is installed with in first focus lamp framework 2-7, second focus lamp framework 2-9 comprises the second left focus lamp framework 2-9-1 and the second right focus lamp framework 2-9-2, is installed with the second focus lamp 2-15 in the second focus lamp framework 2-9.
See Figure 12, 13, in order to further facilitate the eyeglass changing focus lamp, described first left focus lamp framework 2-7-1 and the first right focus lamp framework 2-7-2 is connected by screw as a whole, and the first left focus lamp framework 2-7-1 is provided with the first focus lamp link boss 2-7-3, first right focus lamp framework 2-7-2 is provided with and links the first corresponding focus lamp connecting groove 2-7-4 of boss 2-7-3 with the first focus lamp, described second left focus lamp framework 2-9-1 and the second right focus lamp framework 2-9-2 is connected by screw as a whole, and the second left focus lamp framework 2-9-1 is provided with the second focus lamp link boss 2-9-3, second right focus lamp framework 2-9-2 is provided with and links the second corresponding focus lamp connecting groove 2-9-4 of boss 2-9-3 with the second focus lamp.
See Figure 11, in order to improve cooling effect, extend the eyeglass service life of focus lamp, described water cooling unit II comprises cooling jacket 2-8-1 and water-cooled inner sleeve 2-8-2, water-cooled inner sleeve 2-8-2 is nested in cooling jacket 2-8-1 inwall, the inwall of cooling jacket 2-8-1 has cannelure 2-8-3, and the outer wall of cooling jacket 2-8-1 has the water inlet 2-8-4 connected with cannelure 2-8-3.
See Figure 11, in order to use safety, described anti-collision unit III, comprises fixed disk 2-10, impact switch 2-12 and magnetic receiver 2-11, impact switch 2-12 is fixed on fixed disk 2-10 by magnetic receiver 2-11, and magnetic receiver 2-11 is fixedly connected with fixed disk 2-10 by alignment pin 2-13.
See Figure 11, described little protection microscope base 2-19 has air chamber 2-19-1 and described air chamber 2-19-1 is connected with protection gas interface 2-23.