CN103150398A - National fundamental geographic information data-based incremental map updating method - Google Patents

National fundamental geographic information data-based incremental map updating method Download PDF

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CN103150398A
CN103150398A CN2013100998831A CN201310099883A CN103150398A CN 103150398 A CN103150398 A CN 103150398A CN 2013100998831 A CN2013100998831 A CN 2013100998831A CN 201310099883 A CN201310099883 A CN 201310099883A CN 103150398 A CN103150398 A CN 103150398A
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CN103150398B (en
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朱海红
李霖
应申
于忠海
谭永滨
兰洪浩
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Wuhan University WHU
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Abstract

本发明提供一种基于国家基础地理信息数据的增量式地图更新方法,构建基于“地理数据——制图数据——地图数据”制图模型,在基态数据的基础上,结合增量地理数据,实现增量式地图更新。其主要步骤包括:在基态数据基础上,导入增量地理数据;增量地理数据进行语义匹配,提取增量地理数据的增量信息;结合增量信息和基态制图知识,对增量地理数据进行增量制图转换,生成增量制图数据;结合基态制图知识,对增量制图数据进行增量符号化及注记、增量图形与注记冲突检测与处理;基于增量地理数据,更新基态地理数据,完成增量式地图更新。

The invention provides an incremental map updating method based on national basic geographic information data, constructs a mapping model based on "geographical data-cartographic data-map data", and combines incremental geographic data on the basis of basic state data to realize Incremental map updates. The main steps include: importing incremental geographic data based on the base state data; performing semantic matching on the incremental geographic data to extract the incremental information of the incremental geographic data; Incremental cartography conversion, generating incremental cartographic data; combined with base state cartography knowledge, incremental symbolization and annotation, incremental graphics and annotation conflict detection and processing for incremental cartographic data; based on incremental geographic data, base state geography is updated data to complete incremental map updates.

Description

一种基于国家基础地理信息数据的增量式地图更新方法An incremental map update method based on national basic geographic information data

技术领域 technical field

本发明涉及电子地图和数字地图制图领域,尤其涉及一种基于国家基础地理信息数据的增量式地图更新方法。 The invention relates to the field of electronic map and digital map drawing, in particular to an incremental map update method based on national basic geographic information data.

背景技术 Background technique

相对于地形数据库的批量式更新来说,增量信息式更新仅提供给用户增量信息而不是整个新数据集,近几年来逐步成为国际GIS学术界和应用部门的前沿研究与应用课题。现阶段的对增量更新的研究一般集中在增量更新信息的分类、表达、提取、发布与集成方面。如《地理空间数据增量信息的提取方法》(申请号:200910062280.8)阐述的是地理空间数据增量式的提取方法;《地理空间数据增量信息的发布方法》(申请号:200910062281.2)则描述的是地理空间数据的提取方法;《导航装置地图数据增量更新方法(申请号:200910304398.7》)公开了一种导航装置地图数据增量更新方法,其是根据导航装置终端进行路径计算,同时等待服务器端返回差分更新数据;《一种导航终端的地图更新方法、导航终端及系统》(申请号:200910235281.8》)提供的也是一种针对导航终端的地图更新方法;《将增量更新与现有地图数据库融合的导航应用的应用编程接口(API)(申请号:201080054948.5》)描述的也是服务于车载导航系统的导航地图数据下载更新机制及系统。 Compared with the batch update of topographic database, incremental information update only provides users with incremental information instead of the entire new data set. In recent years, it has gradually become a frontier research and application topic in international GIS academic circles and application departments. The current research on incremental update generally focuses on the classification, expression, extraction, release and integration of incremental update information. For example, "Extraction Method of Incremental Information of Geospatial Data" (Application No.: 200910062280.8) describes the method of incremental extraction of Geospatial Data; "Method of Publishing Incremental Information of Geospatial Data" (Application No. It is the extraction method of geospatial data; "Navigation Device Map Data Incremental Update Method (Application No.: 200910304398.7") discloses a navigation device map data incremental update method, which is to calculate the route according to the navigation device terminal, while waiting for The server returns differential update data; "A Map Update Method, Navigation Terminal and System for Navigation Terminals" (Application No.: 200910235281.8 ") also provides a map update method for navigation terminals; "Combining incremental update with existing The Application Programming Interface (API) of Map Database Fusion Navigation Application (Application No.: 201080054948.5") describes the navigation map data download update mechanism and system serving the vehicle navigation system.

增量制图更新,是指在已有地图表达成果(基态数据)的基础上,对地理数据增量更新信息进行地图表达以及与基态图形关系的处理,得到现势地图表达成果。目前增量更新制图方面的研究很少,在现有的地图制图技术条件下,即使存在增量更新数据,仍然要采取全部重新制图方式才能得到最新现势成果。 Incremental cartographic update refers to the map representation of the incremental update information of geographic data and the processing of the relationship with the base state graphics on the basis of the existing map representation results (base state data) to obtain the current map representation results. At present, there are few studies on incremental update mapping. Under the existing map drawing technology, even if there is incremental update data, it is still necessary to adopt all re-mapping methods to obtain the latest current results.

发明内容 Contents of the invention

为了解决上述问题,本发明提出一种基于国家基础地理信息数据的增量式地图更新方法,使得凡是涉及基于国家基础地理信息数据的增量制图问题都可以利用本发明所提出方案进行增量制图。 In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes an incremental map update method based on national basic geographic information data, so that any incremental mapping problem based on national basic geographic information data can be incrementally mapped using the scheme proposed by the present invention .

本发明的技术方案所提供一种基于国家基础地理信息数据的增量式地图更新方法,包括以下步骤, The technical solution of the present invention provides an incremental map update method based on national basic geographic information data, comprising the following steps,

步骤1、在基态数据基础上,导入增量地理数据;所述基态数据包括基态地理数据、基态制图数据、基态地图数据和基态制图知识; Step 1. On the basis of the base state data, import incremental geographical data; the base state data includes base state geographic data, base state cartographic data, base state map data and base state cartographic knowledge;

步骤2、对增量地理数据进行语义匹配,提取增量地理数据的相应增量信息; Step 2, perform semantic matching on the incremental geographic data, and extract corresponding incremental information of the incremental geographic data;

步骤3、结合增量信息和基态制图知识,基于增量地理数据进行增量制图转换,生成增量制图数据; Step 3. Combining incremental information and base state mapping knowledge, performing incremental mapping conversion based on incremental geographic data to generate incremental mapping data;

步骤4、结合基态制图知识,基于增量制图数据进行增量符号化及增量图形冲突检测与处理; Step 4. Combining the ground state mapping knowledge, incremental symbolization and incremental graphics conflict detection and processing are performed based on the incremental mapping data;

步骤5、结合基态制图知识,基于增量制图数据进行增量注记及增量注记冲突检测与处理; Step 5. Combining with the ground state mapping knowledge, perform incremental annotation and incremental annotation conflict detection and processing based on the incremental mapping data;

步骤6、基于增量地理数据,更新基态地理数据,完成增量式地图更新。 Step 6. Based on the incremental geographic data, the base state geographic data is updated to complete the incremental map update.

而且,在步骤3中,仅对增量地理数据及相关联的基态地理数据进行制图转换。 Also, in step 3, cartographic transformation is only performed on the incremental geographic data and the associated ground state geographic data.

而且,在步骤4中,仅对增量制图数据及相关联的基态制图数据进行符号化及图形冲突检测与处理。 Moreover, in step 4, symbolization, graphics conflict detection and processing are only performed on the incremental mapping data and the associated base state mapping data.

而且,在步骤5中,仅对增量制图数据及相关联的基态制图数据进行注记及注记冲突检测与处理。 Moreover, in step 5, annotation and annotation conflict detection and processing are only performed on the incremental mapping data and the associated base state mapping data.

而且,在步骤3、步骤4和步骤5中,基态制图知识是在基态数据的生产中产生的图形与注记冲突检测与处理专家知识,以xml格式的文件存储。 Moreover, in step 3, step 4 and step 5, the base state mapping knowledge is the expert knowledge of graphics and annotation conflict detection and processing generated in the production of base state data, and is stored in a file in xml format.

而且,基态制图知识xml文件内的节点组织如下, Moreover, the nodes in the base state mapping knowledge xml file are organized as follows,

<BaseCartoKnowledge> <BaseCartoKnowledge>

     <DateTime/> <DateTime/>

     <Procuder/> <Procuder/>

     <Institution/> <Institution/>

     <Scale/> <Scale/>

     <Layer> <Layer>

            <KnowledgeID/> <KnowledgeID/>

            <LayerID> <LayerID>

            <LayerName/> <LayerName/>

            <FeatureID/> <FeatureID/>

            <RelationLayerID/> <RelationLayerID/>

            <RelationFeatureIDs/> <RelationFeatureIDs/>

            <Extent/> <Extent/>

            <Type/> <Type/>

            <Content/> <Content/>

     </Layer> </Layer>

</BaseCartoKnowledge> </BaseCartoKnowledge>

其中, in,

<BaseCartoKnowledge>节点为根节点; The <BaseCartoKnowledge> node is the root node;

<DateTime/>节点记录基态制图知识最后更新时间; The <DateTime/> node records the last update time of the ground state mapping knowledge;

<Procuder/>节点记录基态制图知识生产者; The <Procuder/> node records the base state mapping knowledge producer;

<Institution/>节点记录基态制图知识生产机构; The <Institution/> node records the base state mapping knowledge production institution;

<Scale/> 节点记录基态制图知识比例尺; <Scale/> node records the base state mapping knowledge scale;

<Layer>、</Layer>节点表示记录一个图层的基态制图知识; The <Layer>, </Layer> nodes represent the ground-state mapping knowledge of a layer;

<KnowledgeID/>节点记录基态制图知识的唯一标识码; The <KnowledgeID/> node records the unique identification code of the base state mapping knowledge;

<LayerID/>节点记录产生基态制图知识的图层唯一标识码; The <LayerID/> node records the unique identification code of the layer that generates the ground state mapping knowledge;

<LayerName/> 节点记录图层名称; The <LayerName/> node records the layer name;

<FeatureID/>节点记录产生基态制图知识的要素的唯一标识码; The <FeatureID/> node records the unique identification code of the feature that generates the ground state mapping knowledge;

<RelationLayerID/>节点记录与FeatureID要素相关的图层的唯一标识码; The <RelationLayerID/> node records the unique identification code of the layer related to the FeatureID element;

<RelationFeatureIDs/>节点记录与FeatureID要素相关的所有要素的唯一标识码; The <RelationFeatureIDs/> node records the unique identification codes of all features related to the FeatureID element;

<Extent/>节点记录产生基态制图知识的范围; The <Extent/> node records the scope of generating ground state mapping knowledge;

<Type/> 节点记录基态制图知识的类型; <Type/> node records the type of ground state mapping knowledge;

<Content/>节点记录基态制图知识的内容。 The <Content/> node records the content of the ground state mapping knowledge.

而且,基态制图知识的xml格式文件中<Type/>节点记录的类型分为要素操作与注记操作两类,要素操作记录平移、旋转、结点移动和符号更新四类空间冲突调整操作,注记操作记录注记式样更新、注记位置变更和注记文本内容更新三类注记冲突调整策略。 Moreover, the types of <Type/> node records in the xml format file of ground state mapping knowledge are divided into two types: element operation and annotation operation, and element operation records four types of spatial conflict adjustment operations: translation, rotation, node movement, and symbol update. Note Annotation operation records three types of annotation conflict adjustment strategies: annotation style update, annotation position change and annotation text content update.

本发明的优点是在基态数据基础上,仅对增量数据及其相联系的基态数据进行局部制图处理,制图快速且效果明显,满足了实际生产中的制图需求。 The invention has the advantage that on the basis of the basic state data, only the incremental data and the associated basic state data are processed for local drawing, the drawing is fast and the effect is obvious, and the drawing demand in actual production is met.

附图说明 Description of drawings

图1 为本发明实施例的系统体系结构图。 Fig. 1 is a system architecture diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

图2 为本发明实施例的普通制图和增量式地图更新实施流程示意图。 Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the implementation flow of ordinary mapping and incremental map updating in the embodiment of the present invention.

图3 为本发明基态制图知识中空间依附冲突调整前后示意图。 Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram before and after adjustment of spatial attachment conflicts in the ground state mapping knowledge of the present invention.

图4 为本发明基态制图知识中空间压盖冲突调整前后示意图。 Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram before and after adjustment of space gland conflict in the ground state mapping knowledge of the present invention.

图5 为本发明基态制图知识中注记位置自动调整前后示意图。 Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram before and after the automatic adjustment of the annotation position in the base state mapping knowledge of the present invention.

图6 为本发明增量式地图更新详细流程示意图。 Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the detailed flow chart of the incremental map update of the present invention.

图7 为本发明实施例的线状要素增量式地图更新流程示意图。 FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a linear element incremental map update process according to an embodiment of the present invention.

图8 为本发明实施例点状要素“汀祖镇”GB分类码和注记字段变更类增量式地图更新示意图。 Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the incremental map update of the point element "Tingzu Town" GB classification code and annotation field change category in the embodiment of the present invention.

图9 为本发明实施例点状要素“六指县”新增类增量式地图更新示意图。 Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the incremental map update of the point element "Liuzhi County" in the embodiment of the present invention.

图10 为本发明实施例点状要素“区株山茶厂”删除类增量式地图更新示意图。 Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the incremental map update of the point element "District Zhushan Tea Factory" deleted in the embodiment of the present invention.

图11 为本发明实施例线状要素“陈庙河”几何形态和注记字段变更类增量式地图更新示意图。 Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the incremental map update of the linear element "Chenmiao River" geometric shape and annotation field changes in the embodiment of the present invention.

图12 为本发明实施例增量式地图更新原理图。 Fig. 12 is a principle diagram of incremental map update according to an embodiment of the present invention.

具体实施方法Specific implementation method

为了便于本领域普通技术人员理解和实施本发明,下面结合附图及具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的详细描述。 In order to make it easier for those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

本发明实施例所运行的系统体系结构采用现有技术,如图1所示,其包含数据库、制图系统和终端用户三部分,这种结构利用了现有计算机数据库技术。实施例中,数据库所采用的是Oracle数据库,根据计算机地图制图的需要,数据库包含四种类型:地理数据库、制图数据库、地图数据库和地图专家知识库。地理数据库存储的是地理数据,即原始的DLG(Digital Line Graphic)数字线划数据及其元数据,是计算机地图制图的最基本的数据;制图数据库存储的是制图数据,即专门用于制图的数据,是按照制图规则,将地理数据进行要素提取、分类和图形合并等修改操作之后的结果。地图数据库存储的是地图数据,即能直接用于地图出版的数据,包括制图表达结果、注记、图外整饰等。地图专家知识库存储的是制图专家知识,即制图知识的集合,可以包括地图符号库、制图规则、符号对照规则、符号结果绘制次序、注记专家知识库、冲突规则、冲突处理规则等。现有技术中计算机地图制图系统的基础数据流程则如图2所示。首先输入数据,将空间数据库中的shapefile、E00格式等地理数据进行数据压缩、数据连接、河流结构化等数据预处理操作,转换为制图数据;其次在地图专家知识库的约束下,对制图数据进行地图符号化、地图注记自动配置和图外整饰等操作,形成地图数据;最后对地图数据可以进一步导入到CorelDraw、Illustrator等矢量化编辑工具进行编辑,最终将完成的电子地图数据进行存档或印制输出。 The system architecture operated by the embodiment of the present invention adopts the existing technology, as shown in Figure 1, it includes three parts: database, drawing system and end user, and this structure utilizes the existing computer database technology. In the embodiment, the database is an Oracle database. According to the needs of computer map drawing, the database includes four types: geographic database, cartographic database, map database and map expert knowledge base. The geographic database stores geographic data, that is, the original DLG (Digital Line Graphic) digital line drawing data and its metadata, which is the most basic data for computer map drawing; the cartographic database stores cartographic data, which is specially used for mapping Data is the result of modifying geographic data such as feature extraction, classification, and graphic merging in accordance with cartographic rules. The map database stores map data, that is, data that can be directly used for map publishing, including cartographic expression results, annotations, and extra-map decorations. The map expert knowledge base stores cartographic expert knowledge, that is, the collection of cartographic knowledge, which can include map symbol library, cartography rules, symbol comparison rules, symbol result drawing order, annotation expert knowledge base, conflict rules, conflict handling rules, etc. The basic data flow of the computer map drawing system in the prior art is shown in FIG. 2 . First, input the data, and convert the geographical data in the spatial database such as shapefile and E00 format into data preprocessing operations such as data compression, data connection, and river structuring; secondly, under the constraints of the map expert knowledge base, map the mapping data Carry out operations such as map symbolization, map annotation automatic configuration, and off-map finishing to form map data; finally, the map data can be further imported into vector editing tools such as CorelDraw and Illustrator for editing, and finally the completed electronic map data will be archived or printed output.

如图2所示,为本发明实施例的制图和增量式地图更新实施流程示意图。圆形节点表示地图制图中的关键流程,黑色填充节点表示地图制图的起始或终止节点;实线单向箭头表示制图流程的方向,虚线单向箭头表示增量更新制图流程方向;缺角矩形表示基态数据中的制图知识库,双向虚线箭头表示基态制图知识的应用方向。在普通制图流程中(实线单向箭头指示的流程),在符号化、图形冲突检测与处理、注记冲突检测与处理中,向基态制图知识库(xml文件)写入制图知识;在增量更新制图流程中,基态制图知识库(xml文件)中的基态制图知识用以指导载入的增量数据的预处理、符号化、图形冲突检测与处理、注记、注记冲突检测与处理过程。 As shown in FIG. 2 , it is a schematic diagram of an implementation flow chart of mapping and incremental map update in an embodiment of the present invention. Circular nodes represent the key processes in map making, black filled nodes represent the start or end nodes of map making; solid line one-way arrows represent the direction of the map making process, dotted line one-way arrows represent the direction of incremental update map making process; missing corner rectangles Indicates the cartographic knowledge base in the ground state data, and the dotted double arrow indicates the application direction of the ground state cartographic knowledge. In the ordinary drawing process (the process indicated by the solid line one-way arrow), in the process of symbolization, graphic conflict detection and processing, and annotation conflict detection and processing, the mapping knowledge is written to the base state mapping knowledge base (xml file); In the quantitative update mapping process, the base state mapping knowledge in the base state mapping knowledge base (xml file) is used to guide the preprocessing, symbolization, graphic conflict detection and processing, annotation, annotation conflict detection and processing of the loaded incremental data process.

如图12所示,实施例提出的一种基于国家基础地理信息数据的增量式地图更新方法,包括以下步骤, As shown in Figure 12, an incremental map update method based on national basic geographic information data proposed by the embodiment includes the following steps,

步骤1、在基态数据基础上,导入增量地理数据;基态数据包括基态地理数据、基态制图数据、基态地图数据和基态制图知识;具体实施时,可以先判断基态数据是否已经符号化,是则直接导入增量地理数据,否则符号化基态地理数据后导入增量地理数据; Step 1. Import incremental geographic data based on the base state data; the base state data includes base state geographic data, base state cartographic data, base state map data, and base state mapping knowledge; Import incremental geographic data directly, or import incremental geographic data after symbolizing the ground state geographic data;

步骤2、对增量地理数据进行语义匹配,提取增量地理数据的相应增量信息; Step 2, perform semantic matching on the incremental geographic data, and extract corresponding incremental information of the incremental geographic data;

步骤3、结合增量信息和基态制图知识,基于增量地理数据进行增量制图转换,生成增量制图数据; Step 3. Combining incremental information and base state mapping knowledge, performing incremental mapping conversion based on incremental geographic data to generate incremental mapping data;

步骤4、结合基态制图知识,基于增量制图数据进行增量符号化及增量图形冲突检测与处理; Step 4. Combining the ground state mapping knowledge, incremental symbolization and incremental graphics conflict detection and processing are performed based on the incremental mapping data;

步骤5、结合基态制图知识,基于增量制图数据进行增量注记及增量注记冲突检测与处理; Step 5. Combining with the ground state mapping knowledge, perform incremental annotation and incremental annotation conflict detection and processing based on the incremental mapping data;

步骤6、基于增量地理数据,更新基态地理数据,得到现状数据,完成增量式地图更新。 Step 6. Based on the incremental geographic data, the base state geographic data is updated to obtain the current status data, and the incremental map update is completed.

为提高效率,本发明进一步提出:在步骤3中,仅对增量地理数据及其相关联的基态地理数据进行制图转换,而并非对全部基态地理数据进行制图转换。 In order to improve efficiency, the present invention further proposes: in step 3, cartographic conversion is only performed on the incremental geographic data and its associated ground-state geographic data, rather than all the base-state geographic data.

为提高效率,本发明进一步提出:在步骤4中,仅对增量制图数据及其相关联的基态制图数据进行符号化及图形冲突检测与处理,而并非对全部基态制图数据进行符号化及图形冲突检测与处理。 In order to improve efficiency, the present invention further proposes: in step 4, only the incremental mapping data and its associated ground state mapping data are symbolized and graphic conflict detection and processing are performed, rather than all the ground state mapping data being symbolized and graphically processed. Conflict detection and handling.

为提高效率,本发明进一步提出:在步骤5中,仅对增量制图数据及其相关联的基态制图数据进行注记及注记冲突检测与处理,而并非对全部基态制图数据进行注记及注记冲突检测与处理。 In order to improve efficiency, the present invention further proposes: in step 5, only the incremental mapping data and its associated base state mapping data are annotated and annotation conflict detection and processing are not performed on all base state mapping data. Annotation conflict detection and handling.

在步骤3、步骤4和步骤5中,基态制图知识是在基态数据的生产中产生的图形与注记冲突检测与处理专家知识。 In Step 3, Step 4 and Step 5, the ground-state mapping knowledge is the expert knowledge of conflict detection and processing between graphics and annotations generated in the production of ground-state data.

具体实施时,基态制图知识可以xml的文件格式存储,为便于实施参考起见提供建议格式如下: During the specific implementation, the base state mapping knowledge can be stored in xml file format, and the suggested format is as follows for the convenience of implementation reference:

<BaseCartoKnowledge>      <--根节点--> <BaseCartoKnowledge> <--root node-->

     <DateTime/>             <--基态制图知识最后更新时间--> <DateTime/> <--The last update time of base state mapping knowledge-->

     <Procuder/>              <--基态制图知识生产者--> <Procuder/> <--Ground state mapping knowledge producer-->

     <Institution/>             <--基态制图知识生产机构--> <Institution/> <--Basic Mapping Knowledge Production Institution-->

     <Scale/>                 <--基态制图知识比例尺--> <Scale/> <--Base-state mapping knowledge scale -->

     <Layer> <Layer>

            <KnowledgeID/>      <--基态制图知识的唯一标识码--> <KnowledgeID/> <--The unique identification code of the base state mapping knowledge-->

            <LayerID/>           <--产生基态制图知识的图层唯一标识码--> <LayerID/> <--The unique identification code of the layer that generates the ground-state mapping knowledge-->

            <LayerName/>        <--图层名称--> <LayerName/> <--layer name-->

            <FeatureID/>         <--产生基态制图知识的要素的唯一标识码--> <FeatureID/> <--The unique identification code of the feature that generates the ground-state mapping knowledge-->

            <RelationLayerID/>    <--与FeatureID要素相关的图层的唯一标识码--> <RelationLayerID/> <--The unique identification code of the layer related to the FeatureID element-->

            <RelationFeatureIDs/>  <--与FeatureID要素相关的所有要素的唯一标识码--> <RelationFeatureIDs/> <--The unique identification code of all features related to the FeatureID element-->

            <Extent/>             <--产生基态制图知识的范围--> <Extent/> <--The scope of generating ground-state mapping knowledge-->

            <Type/>              <--基态制图知识的类型--> <Type/> <--Type of base state mapping knowledge-->

            <Content/>            <--基态制图知识的内容--> <Content/> <--Content of ground-state mapping knowledge-->

     </Layer> </Layer>

</BaseCartoKnowledge> </BaseCartoKnowledge>

其中<Type/>节点用以记录基态制图知识的类型,即基态数据生产过程中的制图操作类型,分为要素操作与注记操作两类。要素操作记录:平移、旋转、结点移动和符号更新四类空间冲突调整操作;注记操作记录:注记式样更新、注记位置变更和注记文本内容更新三类注记冲突调整策略。<Layer>、</Layer>节点表示记录一个图层的基态制图知识。一般一个基态制图知识xml文件可以有多个<Layer>节点。 Among them, the <Type/> node is used to record the type of base state mapping knowledge, that is, the type of mapping operation in the base state data production process, which is divided into two types: element operation and annotation operation. Feature operation records: four types of spatial conflict adjustment operations: translation, rotation, node movement, and symbol update; annotation operation records: three types of annotation conflict adjustment strategies: annotation style update, annotation position change, and annotation text content update. The <Layer>, </Layer> nodes indicate to record the ground state mapping knowledge of a layer. Generally, a base state mapping knowledge xml file can have multiple <Layer> nodes.

如图3所示,为本发明基态制图知识中空间依附冲突调整前后示意图;如图4所示,为本发明基态制图知识中空间压盖冲突调整前后示意图;如图5所示,为本发明基态制图知识中注记位置自动调整前后示意图。根据GBT/T 20257.3-2007《国家基本比例尺地图图式 第3部分: 1:25 000 1:50 000 1:100 000地形图图式》的要求,如图3中右图所示,火车站符号化后必须沿铁路线布置;当两个线状要素的图面距离小于0.2mm发生压盖冲突时,必须对低等级的线状要素进行移位处理,图4中左图为县道与单线标准规发生压盖冲突,县道的等级比单线标准轨的等级要低,因此需要对县道进行移位处理,图4中右图为对县道进行自动移位处理后;注记亦不能压盖重要地物,图5中左图高程点的注记压盖了县道和机耕路,图5中右图为对高程点的注记进行自动移位处理后效果。对于图3所示的依附制图知识、图4所示的压盖制图知识和图5所示的注记制图知识,在基态制图知识xml存储如下。其中KnowledgeID=1的基态制图知识为图3中所示的基态制图知识中火车站与铁路的依附冲突知识;KnowledgeID=2的基态制图知识为基态制图知识中县道与单线标准轨的压盖冲突知识;KnowledgeID=3的基态制图知识为基态制图知识中注记位置自动调整知识。 As shown in Figure 3, it is a schematic diagram before and after the adjustment of space attachment conflict in the ground state mapping knowledge of the present invention; as shown in Figure 4, it is a schematic diagram before and after adjustment of space gland conflict in the ground state mapping knowledge of the present invention; as shown in Figure 5, it is the schematic diagram of the present invention Schematic diagrams before and after the automatic adjustment of the annotation position in the base state mapping knowledge. According to the requirements of GBT/T 20257.3-2007 "National Basic Scale Map Schema Part 3: 1:25 000 1:50 000 1:100 000 Topographic Map Schema", as shown in the right picture in Figure 3, the symbol of the railway station After transformation, it must be arranged along the railway line; when the surface distance between two linear elements is less than 0.2mm and there is a gland conflict, the low-level linear elements must be shifted. The left picture in Figure 4 shows the county road and the single line Gland conflict occurs in the standard gauge, and the grade of the county road is lower than that of the single-track standard rail, so the county road needs to be shifted. The right picture in Figure 4 shows the automatic shift of the county road; the notes cannot To cover the important features, the annotation of the elevation point in the left picture in Figure 5 covers the county road and the machine farming road, and the right image in Figure 5 is the effect after the automatic shift processing of the annotation of the elevation point. For the attachment mapping knowledge shown in Figure 3, the capping mapping knowledge shown in Figure 4, and the annotation mapping knowledge shown in Figure 5, the base state mapping knowledge xml is stored as follows. Among them, the base state mapping knowledge with KnowledgeID=1 is the attachment conflict knowledge between the railway station and the railway in the base state mapping knowledge shown in Figure 3; the base state mapping knowledge with KnowledgeID=2 is the gland conflict between the county road and the single-track standard rail in the base state mapping knowledge Knowledge; the ground-state mapping knowledge with KnowledgeID=3 is the knowledge of automatic adjustment of annotation positions in the ground-state mapping knowledge.

<BaseCartoKnowledge> <BaseCartoKnowledge>

     <DateTime>2013-01-30 11:37:06</DateTime> <DateTime>2013-01-30 11:37:06</DateTime>

     <Procuder>佳图实验室</Procuder> <Procuder>Jiatu Lab</Procuder>

     <Institution>武汉大学</Institution> <Institution>Wuhan University</Institution>

     <Scale>1:50 000</Scale> <Scale>1:50 000</Scale>

     <Layer> <Layer>

            <KnowledgeID>1</KnowledgeID> <KnowledgeID>1</KnowledgeID>

            <LayerID>2</LayerID> <LayerID>2</LayerID>

            <LayerName>NAMPT</LayerName> <LayerName>NAMPT</LayerName>

            <FeatureID>92</FeatureID> <FeatureID>92</FeatureID>

            <RelationLayerID>RAILK2</RelationLayerID> <RelationLayerID>RAILK2</RelationLayerID>

            <RelationFeatureIDs>36</RelationFeatureIDs> <RelationFeatureIDs>36</RelationFeatureIDs>

            <Extent>(339759.02,339825.33;3425875.9134259804.04)</Extent> <Extent>(339759.02,339825.33;3425875.9134259804.04)</Extent>

            <Type>RotateGeometry</Type> <Type>RotateGeometry</Type>

            <Content>AdhereRoate:37°</Content> <Content>AdhereRoate: 37°</Content>

     </Layer> </Layer>

     <Layer> <Layer>

            <KnowledgeID>2</KnowledgeID> <KnowledgeID>2</KnowledgeID>

            <LayerID>16</LayerID> <LayerID>16</LayerID>

            <LayerName>ROALK</LayerName> <LayerName>ROALK</LayerName>

            <FeatureID>332</FeatureID> <FeatureID>332</FeatureID>

            <RelationLayerID>RAILK2</RelationLayerID> <RelationLayerID>RAILK2</RelationLayerID>

            <RelationFeatureIDs>10</RelationFeatureIDs> <RelationFeatureIDs>10</RelationFeatureIDs>

            <Extent>(345522.83,345908.9;3431796.353432123.02</Extent> <Extent>(345522.83,345908.9;3431796.353432123.02</Extent>

            <Type>ModifyGeoemetry</Type> <Type>ModifyGeoemetry</Type>

     <Content>ModifyGeoemetry:345622.025090055,3432100.29057396,345749.025344055,3431731.19608577,345880.542708394,3431538.26931881,345906.271580127,3431472.31690442,345997.272928009,3431231.3150719;345666.098942959,3432118.16408816,345791.662820208,3431766.10066395,345880.542708394,3431538.26931881,345906.271580127,3431472.31690442,345997.272928009,3431231.3150719</Content>      <Content>ModifyGeoemetry:345622.025090055,3432100.29057396,345749.025344055,3431731.19608577,345880.542708394,3431538.26931881,345906.271580127,3431472.31690442,345997.272928009,3431231.3150719;345666.098942959,3432118.16408816,345791.662820208,3431766.10066395,345880.542708394,3431538.26931881,345906.271580127,3431472.31690442,345997.272928009,3431231.3150719</Content>

     </Layer> </Layer>

     <Layer> <Layer>

            <KnowledgeID>3</KnowledgeID> <KnowledgeID>3</KnowledgeID>

            <LayerID>9</LayerID> <LayerID>9</LayerID>

            <LayerName>TERLK</LayerName> <LayerName>TERLK</LayerName>

            <FeatureID>363</FeatureID> <FeatureID>363</FeatureID>

            <RelationLayerID>ROALK</RelationLayerID> <RelationLayerID>ROALK</RelationLayerID>

            <RelationFeatureIDs>492;569</RelationFeatureIDs> <RelationFeatureIDs>492;569</RelationFeatureIDs>

            <Extent>(335219.81,335355.28;340312.93,340423.92)</Extent> <Extent>(335219.81,335355.28;340312.93,340423.92)</Extent>

            <Type>MoveAnnotation</Type> <Type>MoveAnnotation</Type>

     <Content>MoveAnnotation:335314.05,34030443.06;335324.6,3430319.37</Content> <Content>MoveAnnotation:335314.05,34030443.06;335324.6,3430319.37</Content>

     </Layer> </Layer>

</BaseCartoKnowledge> </BaseCartoKnowledge>

若图3中所示火车站存在增量信息,则在对火车站进行增量符号化后,需按照基态制图知识xml文件中的KnowledgeID=1的制图知识,同时根据铁路的走向,对火车站进行增量旋转处理。 If there is incremental information for the railway station shown in Figure 3, after the incremental symbolization of the railway station, it is necessary to follow the mapping knowledge of KnowledgeID=1 in the base state mapping knowledge xml file, and at the same time, according to the direction of the railway, the railway station Performs incremental rotation processing.

若图4中所示县道存在增量信息,则在对县道进行增量符号化后,需按照基态制图知识xml文件中的KnowledgeID=2的制图知识,同时根据单线标准轨的走向,对县道进行增量移位处理。 If there is incremental information on the county road shown in Figure 4, after the incremental symbolization of the county road, it is necessary to follow the mapping knowledge of KnowledgeID=2 in the base state mapping knowledge xml file, and at the same time, according to the direction of the single-line standard rail, County roads are incrementally shifted.

若图5中所示注记存在增量信息,则在对注记进行增量注记后,需按照基态制图知识先xml文件中KnowledgeID=3的制图知识,同时结合注记周边的要素,进行注记的增量移位。 If there is incremental information in the annotation shown in Figure 5, after incrementally annotating the annotation, it is necessary to follow the mapping knowledge in the xml file with KnowledgeID=3 in the base state mapping knowledge, and at the same time combine the surrounding elements of the annotation to carry out The incremental shift of the annotation.

如图6所示,本发明增量式地图更新详细流程为: As shown in Figure 6, the detailed process of incremental map update in the present invention is as follows:

步骤①,首先载入基态数据及相应的基态制图知识。 Step ①, first load the ground state data and the corresponding ground state mapping knowledge.

步骤②,载入增量信息(包括增量地理数据和增量制图知识),并对增量信息进行语义识别,提取增量操作。增量包括增加和删除两种情况。增量地理数据一般以shp格式提供,增量制图知识以与基态制图知识相应的xml格式提供。 Step ②, load incremental information (including incremental geographic data and incremental cartographic knowledge), perform semantic recognition on incremental information, and extract incremental operations. Increment includes both addition and deletion. Incremental geographic data is generally provided in shp format, and incremental cartographic knowledge is provided in xml format corresponding to the base state cartographic knowledge.

步骤③,如果步骤②中提取的增量操作不是增量删除,则进入步骤④。否则在基态数据中查找与增量删除的要素相关的要素F,如果存在F,则根据基态制图知识将与增量删除相关联的要素F归位;如果不存在F,则在基态数据中直接删除。 In step ③, if the incremental operation extracted in step ② is not incremental deletion, go to step ④. Otherwise, look for the element F related to the incrementally deleted element in the ground state data, if there is F , then return the element F associated with the incremental deletion according to the ground state mapping knowledge; if there is no F , directly in the ground state data delete.

步骤④,如果步骤②中提取的增量操作不是增量修改,则进入步骤⑤。否则首先判断增量修改的类别是否为属性修改,如果为属性修改,则进入步骤⑥;如果不是属性修改,则删除基态数据中与增量修改相关的要素,进入步骤⑦。 Step ④, if the incremental operation extracted in step ② is not an incremental modification, go to step ⑤. Otherwise, first judge whether the category of incremental modification is attribute modification, if it is attribute modification, go to step ⑥; if it is not attribute modification, delete the elements related to incremental modification in the base state data, and go to step ⑦.

步骤⑤,检测属性修改中修改的是否为分类字段,如果分类字段的属性值发生变化,则进入步骤⑥,否则进入步骤⑧; Step ⑤, check whether the modification in the attribute modification is a classification field, if the attribute value of the classification field changes, go to step ⑥, otherwise go to step 8;

步骤⑥,对增量增新为增加的要素进行增量符号化,进入步骤⑧; In step ⑥, perform incremental symbolization on the incrementally added elements, and proceed to step ⑧;

步骤⑦,对于属性修改中非分类字段发生变化的,直接修改基态数据的属性,进入步骤⑨; Step ⑦, if the non-categorical field changes in the attribute modification, directly modify the attribute of the ground state data, and enter step ⑨;

步骤⑧,在基态数据中,查找与增量符号化后相关的要素,如果存在,则根据基态制图知识,增量移动与增量符号化后相关的要素,否则进入步骤⑨; Step 8, in the ground state data, search for the elements related to the incremental symbolization, if they exist, move the elements related to the incremental symbolization incrementally according to the ground state mapping knowledge, otherwise go to step ⑨;

步骤⑨,对全图层进行增量出图检测处理,形成现状数据。 Step 9: Carry out incremental detection processing on the whole layer to form current data.

对于增量式制图来说,线状要素的增量式制图过程和需考虑的情况是最多、最复杂的,此处就以线状要素的增量式制图为例说明增量式制图流程。如图7所示,线状要素的增量式地图更新流程为: For incremental mapping, the incremental mapping process of linear elements and the situations to be considered are the most and most complicated. Here, the incremental mapping process of linear elements is taken as an example to illustrate the incremental mapping process. As shown in Figure 7, the incremental map update process for linear features is:

步骤①,在基态数据基础上,首先将增量地理数据导入其对应的原始图层进行语义匹配,遍历每个线增量要素F,以提取区分不同的增量类别。 Step ①, based on the ground state data, first import the incremental geographic data into its corresponding original layer for semantic matching, and traverse each line incremental element F to extract different incremental categories.

步骤②,判断增量信息中的变化类别是否为属性变化, Step ②, judging whether the change category in the incremental information is an attribute change,

如果增量信息中的变化类别为属性变化,则首先判断其分类字段值是否发生变化;若分类字段值发生变化,则进行操作A——在基态数据中匹配查找与该要素F相关的地图数据集合MD,然后通过查找与MD相关的制图数据集合CD,最后再查找与CD制图数据集合相关联的所有的地图数据集合MD’,删除MDMD’,对制图数据集合CD重新进行制图转换(包括制图数据连接、数据压缩等),重新进行符号化;操作A后进入步骤⑩; If the change category in the incremental information is an attribute change, first judge whether the value of the classification field has changed; if the value of the classification field has changed, perform operation A——find the map data related to the element F in the ground state data set MD , then find the cartographic data set CD related to MD , and finally find all the map data sets MD' associated with the CD cartographic data set, delete MD and MD' , and re-cartographically transform the cartographic data set CD ( Including drawing data connection, data compression, etc.), symbolize again; after operation A, enter step ⑩;

若分类字段值未发生变化,则增量信息中的属性变化为注记字段发生了变化,此时,仅对该增量要素重新注记即可; If the value of the classification field does not change, the attribute change in the incremental information means that the annotation field has changed. At this time, only the incremental element needs to be re-annotated;

如果增量信息中的变化类别不为属性变化,则进入步骤③; If the change category in the incremental information is not an attribute change, go to step ③;

步骤③,判断增量信息中的变化类别是否为变形或位移、拆分、合并、延长、缩短,是则可拆分为变形、移位、增加和删除操作的组合,即进行操作A后进入步骤⑩;; Step ③, determine whether the change category in the incremental information is deformation or displacement, splitting, merging, extending, shortening, if so, it can be split into a combination of deformation, shifting, adding and deleting operations, that is, enter after performing operation A Step ⑩;

否则进入步骤④; Otherwise, go to step ④;

步骤④,判断增量信息中的变化类别是否为增加(指增加线状要素),是则进行操作B——查找增量要素在一定阈值范围(例如线状道路的阈值范围为首尾短短2mm半径的圆面)内的所有制图数据集合CD,然后查找与所有制图数据集合CD相关联的地图数据集合MD,删除MD,重新对制图数据集合CD进行制图转换,并重新符号化CD;操作B后进入步骤⑩; Step ④, judge whether the change category in the incremental information is an increase (referring to the increase of linear elements), and if so, proceed to operation B - find the incremental elements within a certain threshold range (for example, the threshold range of linear roads is 2mm short from the beginning to the end) Radius circle surface) of all cartographic data sets CD , then find the map data set MD associated with all cartographic data sets CD , delete MD , perform cartographic conversion on the cartographic data set CD again, and re-symbolize CD ; operation B Then enter step ⑩;

如果增量信息中的变化类别不为增加,否则进入步骤⑤; If the change category in the incremental information is not increase, otherwise go to step ⑤;

步骤⑤,判断增量信息中的变化类别是否为删除,是则与增量信息为增加时的处理方式相同,即进行操作B后进入步骤⑩;否则进入步骤⑥; Step ⑤, judge whether the change category in the incremental information is deletion, if yes, the processing method is the same as when the incremental information is an increase, that is, go to step ⑩ after performing operation B; otherwise, go to step ⑥;

步骤⑥,判断增量信息中的变化类别是否为道路附属物增加(指增加里程碑、加油站、收费站、火车站等点状要素),是则进行操作C——在实施增量制图时对增加的附属物进行重新符号化,并对其进行重新注记;操作C后进入步骤⑩;否则进入步骤⑦; Step ⑥, determine whether the change category in the incremental information is the increase of road attachments (referring to the addition of point-like elements such as milestones, gas stations, toll stations, railway stations), and if so, proceed to operation C——incremental mapping when implementing incremental mapping The added appendages are re-symbolized and re-annotated; after operation C, go to step ⑩; otherwise, go to step ⑦;

步骤⑦,判断增量信息中的变化类别是否为附属物删除,是则直接删除该增量附属物的图形符号及注记即可结束流程;否则进入步骤⑧; Step ⑦, judging whether the change category in the incremental information is appendage deletion, if so, directly delete the graphic symbol and annotation of the incremental appendage to end the process; otherwise, go to step ⑧;

步骤⑧,判断增量信息中的变化类别是否为附属物变形或位移,是则增量制图处理流程与附属物增加时处理方式相同,即进行操作C后进入步骤⑩;否则进入步骤⑥; Step 8. Determine whether the change category in the incremental information is the deformation or displacement of the appendage. If yes, the processing flow of the incremental mapping is the same as that of the appendage increase, that is, proceed to step 10 after performing operation C; otherwise, proceed to step 6;

步骤⑨,判断若增量信息中的变化类别是否为附属物属性发生变化,是则首先判断其分类字段值是否发生变化,如果没有发生变化,则直接重新注记该要素即可进入步骤⑩,若其分类字段值发生变化,则进行操作C后进入步骤⑩; Step ⑨, judge whether the change category in the incremental information is a change in the attribute of the appendage, if so, first judge whether the value of the classification field has changed, if there is no change, directly re-note the element to enter step ⑩, If the value of the classification field changes, proceed to step ⑩ after performing operation C;

步骤⑩,处理完上述增量类别后,根据基态制图知识,对涉及到的图形和注记重新进行增量冲突检测处理,完成增量制图。 In step 10, after processing the above incremental categories, according to the base state mapping knowledge, perform incremental conflict detection processing on the graphics and annotations involved, and complete the incremental mapping.

如图8所示,为对1:250 000比例尺下点状要素“汀祖镇”进行增量式地图更新前后示意图,“汀祖镇”的GB分类码发生了变更,名称也发生了变化。如图9所示,为对1:250 000比例尺下点状要素“六指县”进行增量式地图更新前后示意图,“六指县”为新增要素。如图10所示,为对1:250 000比例尺下点状要素“区株山茶厂”进行增量式地图更新前后示意图,更新后“区株山茶厂”被删除。如图11所示,为对1:250 000比例尺下线状要素“陈庙河”进行增量式地图更新前后示意图,“陈庙河”的几何形态发生了变化,名称也发生了变更。并且由于“陈庙河”的几何形态发生了变化,进行增量注记冲突检测与处理时,“上马堂”的注记位置也进行了增量式调整。 As shown in Figure 8, it is a schematic diagram before and after the incremental map update of the point feature "Tingzu Town" at a scale of 1:250 000. The GB classification code and name of "Tingzu Town" have also changed. As shown in Figure 9, it is a schematic diagram before and after the incremental map update of the point element "Liuzhi County" at a scale of 1:250 000, and "Liuzhi County" is a new element. As shown in Figure 10, it is a schematic diagram before and after the incremental map update of the point element "Zhushan Tea Factory" at a scale of 1:250 000. After the update, "Zhushan Tea Factory" was deleted. As shown in Figure 11, it is a schematic diagram before and after the incremental map update of the linear element "Chenmiao River" at a scale of 1:250 000. The geometry of "Chenmiao River" has changed, and the name has also changed. And because the geometric shape of "Chenmiaohe" has changed, when performing incremental annotation conflict detection and processing, the annotation position of "Shangma Hall" has also been incrementally adjusted.

以上所述仅是用以说明本发明的具体实施案例而已,并非用以限定本发明的可实施范围,举凡本领域熟练技术人员在未脱离本发明所指示的精神与原理下所完成的一切等效改变或修饰,仍应由本发明权利要求的范围所覆盖。 The above descriptions are only used to illustrate the specific implementation cases of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. For example, all those skilled in the art have accomplished everything without departing from the spirit and principles indicated by the present invention. Effective changes or modifications should still be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. An incremental map updating method based on country basic geographic information data is characterized in that: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
step 1, importing incremental geographic data on the basis of ground state data; the ground state data comprises ground state geographic data, ground state cartographic data, ground state map data and ground state cartographic knowledge;
step 2, semantic matching is carried out on the incremental geographic data, and corresponding incremental information of the incremental geographic data is extracted;
step 3, combining the incremental information and the basic state drawing knowledge, and performing incremental drawing conversion based on the incremental geographic data to generate incremental drawing data;
step 4, combining basic state drawing knowledge, and performing incremental symbolization and incremental graph conflict detection and processing based on incremental drawing data;
step 5, combining basic state drawing knowledge, and detecting and processing incremental annotation and incremental annotation conflict based on incremental drawing data;
and 6, updating the basic state geographic data based on the incremental geographic data to finish the updating of the incremental map.
2. The incremental map updating method based on country-based geographic information data of claim 1, wherein: in step 3, cartographic conversion is performed only on the incremental geographic data and the associated ground state geographic data.
3. The incremental map updating method based on country-based geographic information data of claim 1, wherein: in step 4, only incremental cartographic data and associated ground state cartographic data are tokenized and pattern conflict detected and processed.
4. The incremental map updating method based on country-based geographic information data of claim 1, wherein: in step 5, annotation and annotation conflict detection and processing is performed only on the incremental mapping data and the associated base state mapping data.
5. The incremental map updating method based on country-based geographic information data of claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein: in step 3, step 4 and step 5, the ground state drawing knowledge is the graphic and annotation conflict detection and processing expert knowledge generated in the production of the ground state data, and is stored in a file in xml format.
6. The incremental map updating method based on country-based geographic information data of claim 5, wherein: the nodes within the ground state cartography knowledge xml file are organized as follows,
<BaseCartoKnowledge>
<DateTime/>
<Procuder/>
<Institution/>
<Scale/>
<Layer>
<KnowledgeID/>
<LayerID>
<LayerName/>
<FeatureID/>
<RelationLayerID/>
<RelationFeatureIDs/>
<Extent/>
<Type/>
<Content/>
</Layer>
</BaseCartoKnowledge>
wherein,
the < BaseChartoKnowledge > node is a root node;
recording the last updating time of the basic state drawing knowledge by the < DateTime/> node;
< provider/> node records the basic state drawing knowledge producer;
recording a basic state drawing knowledge production mechanism by the < organization/> node;
recording a base state drawing knowledge Scale by using < Scale/> nodes;
the < Layer > and the < Layer > nodes represent and record the ground state drawing knowledge of one Layer;
recording a unique identification code of basic state drawing knowledge by a < KnowledGeID/> node;
recording the layer unique identification code generating the basic state drawing knowledge by the < LayerID/> node;
recording the layer name of the < LayerName/> node;
recording unique identification codes of elements generating basic state drawing knowledge by < FeatureID/> nodes;
recording a unique identification code of a layer related to a FeatureID element by a < relationship layer ID/> node;
recording unique identification codes of all elements related to FeatureID elements by < relationship FeatureIDs/> nodes;
< Extent/> node records the range of generating the ground state drawing knowledge;
recording the Type of the basic state drawing knowledge by the < Type/> node;
the < Content/> node records the Content of the base state mapping knowledge.
7. The incremental map updating method based on country-based geographic information data of claim 6, wherein: the Type of < Type/> node record in the xml format file of basic state drawing knowledge is divided into two types of element operation and annotation operation, four types of space conflict adjustment operation including translation, rotation, node movement and symbol updating are recorded in the element operation, and three types of annotation conflict adjustment strategies including annotation pattern updating, annotation position changing and annotation text content updating are recorded in the annotation operation.
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