CN103149680B - Electrowetting-effect-based two-path liquid optical switch - Google Patents

Electrowetting-effect-based two-path liquid optical switch Download PDF

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CN103149680B
CN103149680B CN201310104146.6A CN201310104146A CN103149680B CN 103149680 B CN103149680 B CN 103149680B CN 201310104146 A CN201310104146 A CN 201310104146A CN 103149680 B CN103149680 B CN 103149680B
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ito electrode
optical switch
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CN103149680A (en
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王琼华
刘超
李磊
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Sichuan University
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Abstract

本发明提出一种基于电湿润效应的双路液体光开关。该光开关包括上基板、透明硬质腔体、下基板、遮光板、介质层、ITO电极 、ITO电极、ITO电极、有色液滴和通光孔,其中透明硬质腔体中填充无色透明液体,三块ITO电极嵌在下基板中,且两两间隔相同,ITO电极接地,遮光板中心对称分布有两个直径相同的通光孔。其中的有色液滴导电,无色透明液体不导电。该液体光开关能实现双路光通断,且能有效克服重力效应。

The invention proposes a two-way liquid optical switch based on the electrowetting effect. The optical switch includes an upper substrate, a transparent hard cavity, a lower substrate, a light shield, a dielectric layer, and an ITO electrode , ITO electrode , ITO electrode , colored liquid droplets and light holes, in which the transparent hard cavity is filled with colorless transparent liquid, three ITO electrodes are embedded in the lower substrate, and the intervals between the two are the same, the ITO electrodes Grounded, two light holes with the same diameter are symmetrically distributed in the center of the shading plate. The colored droplets in it conduct electricity, and the colorless transparent liquid does not conduct electricity. The liquid optical switch can realize two-way light on-off, and can effectively overcome the gravity effect.

Description

一种基于电湿润效应的双路液体光开关A dual liquid optical switch based on electrowetting effect

技术领域 technical field

本发明涉及非机械式光开关技术,更具体地说,本发明涉及一种基于电湿润效应的双路液体光开关技术。 The invention relates to non-mechanical optical switch technology, more specifically, the invention relates to a two-way liquid optical switch technology based on electrowetting effect.

背景技术 Background technique

光开关是一种在光纤或波导光路中对光信号起通断作用的开关,它在远程光通信、光纤传感、光网络和信息显示等领域有诱人的应用前景。同时,光开关还可以作为光衰减器、可调光阀和空间调制器等器件的元部件。其中,液体光开关器件由于内部不需要引入可移动的固体元部件而具有小型化、制作简单和低能耗等优点。液体光开关分为机械式和非机械式两种。机械式液体光开关需要外加驱动装置,其装置复杂、功耗高。器件本身响应时间取决于外界驱动装置的固有频率,因而器件的可调控性差、响应时间慢。非机械式光开关一般是基于电湿润效应和介电力效应来实现。基于介电力效应的液体光开关虽然响应时间快、工作电压低,但是由于介电力本身比较微弱,所以基于介电力效应的液体光开关尺寸较小,严重限制了其应用范围。现有的基于介电力效应的液体光开关,其光开和光关两种状态下的光强比率在100:1以内,器件性能还有待提升。目前的液体光开关只能实现单路光源的通断,难以满足在光网络领域中光交换、波长选择和全光层次路由选择的要求,同时液体光开关还有一个致命的缺点就是无法克服内部液体的重力效应。当液体器件竖直放置时,由于内部液体的重力效应,会使器件通光不均匀,无法达到良好的开关效果,从而无法正常工作。 An optical switch is a switch that switches on and off an optical signal in an optical fiber or waveguide optical path. It has attractive application prospects in the fields of remote optical communication, optical fiber sensing, optical network, and information display. At the same time, optical switches can also be used as components of devices such as optical attenuators, adjustable light valves, and spatial modulators. Among them, the liquid optical switch device has the advantages of miniaturization, simple manufacture and low energy consumption because it does not need to introduce movable solid components inside. There are two types of liquid optical switches: mechanical and non-mechanical. The mechanical liquid optical switch requires an external driving device, which is complicated and consumes high power. The response time of the device itself depends on the natural frequency of the external driving device, so the controllability of the device is poor and the response time is slow. Non-mechanical optical switches are generally realized based on the electrowetting effect and the dielectric force effect. Although the liquid optical switch based on the dielectric force effect has a fast response time and low operating voltage, the size of the liquid optical switch based on the dielectric force effect is relatively small due to the relatively weak dielectric force itself, which severely limits its application range. In the existing liquid optical switch based on the dielectric force effect, the light intensity ratio between the light on state and the light off state is within 100:1, and the performance of the device still needs to be improved. The current liquid optical switch can only realize the on-off of a single light source, which is difficult to meet the requirements of optical switching, wavelength selection and all-optical routing selection in the field of optical networks. The gravity effect of the liquid. When the liquid device is placed vertically, due to the gravity effect of the internal liquid, the light transmission of the device will be uneven, and a good switching effect cannot be achieved, so it cannot work normally.

发明内容 Contents of the invention

本发明提出一种基于电湿润效应的双路液体光开关。如附图1所示,该光开关包括上基板、透明硬质腔体、下基板、遮光板、介质层、ITO电极                                                、ITO电极、ITO电极、有色液滴和通光孔,其中透明硬质腔体中填充无色透明液体,三块ITO电极嵌在下基板中,且两两间隔相同,ITO电极接地,遮光板中心对称分布有两个直径相同的通光孔。其中的有色液滴导电,无色透明液体不导电。 The invention proposes a two-way liquid optical switch based on the electrowetting effect. As shown in Figure 1, the optical switch includes an upper substrate, a transparent hard cavity, a lower substrate, a light shield, a dielectric layer, and an ITO electrode. , ITO electrode , ITO electrode , colored liquid droplets and light holes, in which the transparent hard cavity is filled with colorless transparent liquid, three ITO electrodes are embedded in the lower substrate, and the intervals between the two are the same, the ITO electrodes Grounded, two light holes with the same diameter are symmetrically distributed in the center of the shading plate. The colored droplets in it conduct electricity, and the colorless transparent liquid does not conduct electricity.

如附图1所示,液体器件为初始状态,有色液滴位于下基板中心位置,两个通光孔未被有色液滴遮盖,此时液体器件处在双路光开状态。分别在ITO电极和ITO电极上交替加电压V,由于电湿润效应,有色液滴会在下基板上往返运动,当有色液滴移动到一侧把该侧的通光孔遮盖时,另一侧通光孔仍可以通光。因此可以通过控制有色液滴的位置来实现双路光的通断功能。附图2为分别在ITO电极和ITO电极上交替加电压V时,有色液滴在下基板上往返运动的俯视图。 As shown in Figure 1, the liquid device is in the initial state, the colored liquid droplet is located at the center of the lower substrate, and the two light holes are not covered by the colored liquid droplet. At this time, the liquid device is in a two-way light-on state. respectively in the ITO electrode and ITO electrodes The voltage V is alternately applied to the top. Due to the electrowetting effect, the colored droplet will move back and forth on the lower substrate. When the colored droplet moves to one side to cover the light hole on this side, the light hole on the other side can still pass through the light. Therefore, the on-off function of the two-way light can be realized by controlling the position of the colored liquid droplet. Accompanying drawing 2 is respectively in ITO electrode and ITO electrodes The top view of the colored droplet moving back and forth on the lower substrate when the voltage V is alternately applied to the upper substrate.

优选地,透明硬质腔体长d 1≥10mm且d 1≤12mm,宽d 2≥6mm且d 2≤8mm,高d 3≥6mm且d 3≤8mm。 Preferably, the transparent hard cavity has a length d 1 ≥ 10 mm and d 1 ≤ 12 mm, a width d 2 ≥ 6 mm and d 2 ≤ 8 mm, and a height d 3 ≥ 6 mm and d 3 ≤ 8 mm.

优选地,ITO电极 和ITO电极 尺寸相同,长d 4d 2d 4≤9mm,宽d 5≥3.5mm且d 5≤5mm,ITO电极d 6d 2d 6≤9mm,宽d 7≥1.5mm且d 7≤2mm,三块电极两两间隔为d 8≥0.25mm且d 8≤0.5mm。 Preferably, the ITO electrode and ITO electrodes Same size, length d 4d 2 and d 4 ≤9mm, width d 5 ≥3.5mm and d 5 ≤5mm, ITO electrode The length d 6d 2 and d 6 ≤ 9mm, the width d 7 ≥ 1.5mm and d 7 ≤ 2mm, and the distance between the three electrodes is d 8 ≥ 0.25mm and d 8 ≤ 0.5mm.

优选地,有色液滴直径d 9≥3mm且d 9≤5mm。 Preferably, the colored droplet diameter d 9 ≥ 3 mm and d 9 ≤ 5 mm.

优选地,遮光板长d 10≥12mm且d 10≤15mm,宽d 11≥8mm且d 11≤10mm,遮光板中心对称两个通光孔直径均为d 12≥1mm且d 12≤1.5mm。两个通光孔圆心之间距离d 13d 9+d 12d 13≤ 2D-d 12,其中D为有色液滴在下基板上移动的最大位移。 Preferably, the length of the shading plate is d 10 ≥ 12 mm and d 10 ≤ 15 mm, the width of the shading plate is d 11 ≥ 8 mm and d 11 ≤ 10 mm, and the diameters of the two light holes in the central symmetry of the shading plate are both d 12 ≥ 1 mm and d 12 ≤ 1.5 mm. The distance between the centers of the two light holes is d 13d 9 + d 12 and d 13 ≤ 2 D - d 12 , where D is the maximum displacement of the colored droplet moving on the lower substrate.

优选地,透明硬质腔体中无色透明液体和有色液滴的密度相同。 Preferably, the colorless transparent liquid and the colored droplets in the transparent hard cavity have the same density.

附图说明 Description of drawings

附图1为一种基于电湿润效应的双路液体光开关的结构示意图。 Accompanying drawing 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a two-way liquid optical switch based on the electrowetting effect.

附图2为在ITO电极和ITO电极交替加电压时,有色液滴在下基板上往返运动的俯视图。 Accompanying drawing 2 is in ITO electrode and ITO electrodes A top view of colored droplets moving back and forth on the lower substrate when voltage is alternately applied.

附图3为实施例中在ITO电极和ITO电极交替加电压时,有色液滴在下基板上移动位移的示意图。 Accompanying drawing 3 is in the embodiment in ITO electrode and ITO electrodes Schematic diagram of the displacement of colored droplets on the lower substrate when voltage is alternately applied.

上述各附图中的图示标号为: The pictorial symbols in the above-mentioned drawings are:

1上基板、2透明硬质腔体、3下基板、4遮光板、5介质层、6 ITO电极、7 ITO电极、8 ITO电极、9通光孔、10有色液滴、11无色透明液体。 1 upper substrate, 2 transparent hard cavity, 3 lower substrate, 4 light-shielding plate, 5 dielectric layer, 6 ITO electrode , 7 ITO electrodes , 8 ITO electrodes , 9 light holes, 10 colored droplets, 11 colorless transparent liquid.

应该理解上述附图只是示意性的,并没有按比例绘制。 It should be understood that the above drawings are only schematic and not drawn to scale.

具体实施方式 Detailed ways

下面详细说明本发明提出的一种基于电湿润效应的双路液体光开关的实施例,对本发明进行进一步的描述。有必要在此指出的是,以下实施例只用于本发明做进一步的说明,不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制,该领域技术熟练人员根据上述发明内容对本发明做出一些非本质的改进和调整,仍属于本发明的保护范围。 An embodiment of a two-way liquid optical switch based on the electrowetting effect proposed by the present invention will be described in detail below to further describe the present invention. It is necessary to point out that the following examples are only used for further description of the present invention, and cannot be interpreted as limiting the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art make some non-essential improvements and improvements to the present invention according to the above-mentioned content of the invention. Adjustment still belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.

本发明的一个实施例为,上基板和下基板均为10mm×8mm PMMA(聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯)材料制成,透明硬质腔体为10mm×8mm×8mm PMMA(聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯)材料制成。ITO电极和ITO电极尺寸均为8mm×3.5mm,ITO电极尺寸为8mm×2mm,三块电极两两间隔为0.5mm。遮光板尺寸为10mm×8mm,其中心对称的两个通光孔直径均为1.0mm,两通光孔圆心距离5.5mm。有色液滴为墨水加氯化钠溶液按照一定比例混合而成,密度为1.25 g/cm3,有色液滴直径为4mm。透明硬质腔体中填充的无色透明液体为光学液体SL-5267,密度为1.26 g/cm3。如附图1所示,初始状态时,有色液滴位于下基板中心位置,此时两个通光孔均处在光开状态。ITO电极接地,给ITO电极外加电压,由于电湿润效应,有色液滴会向ITO电极方向移动,右侧通光孔被有色液滴遮住,无法通光,左侧通光孔仍可以通光;同理给ITO电极外加电压,有色液滴向ITO电极方向移动,左侧通光孔被有色液滴遮住,无法通光,右侧通光孔恢复通光。有色液滴在下基板上往返运动的俯视图如附图2所示。 An embodiment of the present invention is that both the upper substrate and the lower substrate are made of 10mm×8mm PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) material, and the transparent hard cavity is 10mm×8mm×8mm PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) ) material. ITO electrode and ITO electrodes The size is 8mm×3.5mm, ITO electrode The size is 8mm×2mm, and the distance between two electrodes is 0.5mm. The size of the shading plate is 10mm×8mm, the diameters of the two symmetrical light holes in the center are both 1.0mm, and the distance between the centers of the two light holes is 5.5mm. The colored droplet is formed by mixing ink and sodium chloride solution in a certain proportion, the density is 1.25 g/cm 3 , and the diameter of the colored droplet is 4mm. The colorless transparent liquid filled in the transparent hard cavity is optical liquid SL-5267 with a density of 1.26 g/cm 3 . As shown in Figure 1, in the initial state, the colored liquid droplet is located at the center of the lower substrate, and at this time the two light holes are in the light-on state. ITO electrode ground, to the ITO electrode Applied voltage, due to the electrowetting effect, the colored droplets will flow toward the ITO electrode Direction movement, the light hole on the right side is covered by the colored liquid, and the light cannot pass through, and the light hole on the left side can still pass through the light; the same is true for the ITO electrode Applied voltage, the colored droplet moves towards the ITO electrode Direction movement, the left light hole is covered by colored liquid droplets, unable to pass light, and the right light hole resumes light. The top view of the colored liquid drop moving back and forth on the lower substrate is shown in Fig. 2 .

附图3是实施例中外加电压于ITO电极和ITO电极时有色液滴在下基板上移动的位移示意图。如附图3所示,实施例中有色液滴在下基板上的移动到左侧的最大位移为3.2mm,移动到右侧的最大位移为3.6mm。有色液滴可以交替覆盖两个通光孔,实现双路光开关的功能。按照本实施例中所设置的参数,该光开关的光衰减能力为1dB~30dB,光透过损失为0.67dB,响应时间为177ms。 Accompanying drawing 3 is the applied voltage in the embodiment in ITO electrode and ITO electrodes Schematic diagram of the displacement of the colored droplet moving on the lower substrate. As shown in FIG. 3 , in the embodiment, the maximum displacement of the colored liquid drop on the lower substrate to the left is 3.2 mm, and the maximum displacement to the right is 3.6 mm. The colored liquid droplets can alternately cover the two light holes to realize the function of a two-way optical switch. According to the parameters set in this embodiment, the light attenuation capability of the optical switch is 1dB~30dB, the light transmission loss is 0.67dB, and the response time is 177ms.

Claims (2)

1. based on a two-path liquid optical switch for the moistening effect of electricity, comprising: upper substrate, clear hard cavity, infrabasal plate, shadow shield, dielectric layer, ITO electrode , ITO electrode , ITO electrode , chromonic, light hole, it is characterized in that, fill colourless transparent liquid in clear hard cavity, three pieces of ITO electrode are from left to right embedded in infrabasal plate successively, and interval is identical between two, ITO electrode ground connection, shadow shield Central Symmetry is distributed with the identical light hole of two diameters, and chromonic conducts electricity, and colourless transparent liquid is non-conductive, and clear hard cavity is long d 1>=10mm and d 1≤ 12mm, wide d 2>=6mm and d 2≤ 8mm is high d 3>=6mm and d 3≤ 8mm.
2. a kind of two-path liquid optical switch based on the moistening effect of electricity according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in clear hard cavity, colourless transparent liquid is identical with the density of chromonic.
CN201310104146.6A 2013-03-28 2013-03-28 Electrowetting-effect-based two-path liquid optical switch Active CN103149680B (en)

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CN103901607B (en) * 2014-04-02 2016-01-27 四川大学 A kind of variable unthreaded hole liquid light switch based on the moistening effect of electricity
CN104570330B (en) * 2015-01-14 2017-03-22 四川大学 Total reflection liquid optical switch based on electrowetting effect
CN105159045B (en) * 2015-08-14 2017-08-11 四川大学 A kind of holographic projection system based on adjustable diaphragm
CN111308692B (en) * 2020-03-04 2021-06-15 北京航空航天大学 Liquid optical switch capable of adaptively switching visible light and infrared light

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