CN103148505B - Multi-coal-type low-nitrogen pulverized-coal combustion method with gap air - Google Patents
Multi-coal-type low-nitrogen pulverized-coal combustion method with gap air Download PDFInfo
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- CN103148505B CN103148505B CN201310072390.9A CN201310072390A CN103148505B CN 103148505 B CN103148505 B CN 103148505B CN 201310072390 A CN201310072390 A CN 201310072390A CN 103148505 B CN103148505 B CN 103148505B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Abstract
The invention provides a multi-coal-type low-nitrogen pulverized-coal combustion method with gap air. a large proportion of hot secondary air enters large air boxes through hot secondary air pipelines, and is sprayed into a hearth through secondary air nozzles arranged in the large air boxes and surrounding air nozzles arranged on the periphery of primary air nozzles; the rest partial hot secondary air enters separation and burnout air boxes through burnout air passages, and is sprayed into the hearth through separation and burnout air nozzles arranged in the separation and burnout air boxes; and hot primary air led out from the outlet of an air preheating device is divided into two parts, a large proportion of hot primary air enters coal pulverizers through a hot primary air pipeline, and the small proportion of hot primary air is taken as the gap air which is sprayed into the hearth through gap air passages and gap air nozzles arranged on the upper sides and/or lower sides of at least one layer of primary air nozzles. The method provided by the invention overcomes the defects in the prior art, has strong suitability for the coal types, is independent, flexible and strong in adjustment, and can further reduce the discharge of NOx.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the low nitrogen coal dust combustion method of a kind of many coals with gap air, belong to technical field of boiler combustion.
Background technology
(NOx comprises NO, NO to nitrogen oxide
2, N
2o) be the gas that a class can cause atmospheric environment severe contamination, one of main source being considered to atmosphere pollution.The nitrogen oxide discharged because of combustion of fossil fuels at world wide every year occupies very large ratio in all discharged nitrous oxides.The environmental regulation of increasingly stringent requires the combustion technology that research and development are advanced, to reduce the discharge of the pollutants such as NOx.At present, the maximum feature of the Energy Mix of China is based on coal, accounts for more than 70%, and this will produce a large amount of oxides of nitrogen gas, and therefore, such energy resource structure increases economical and efficient and ecological environment all can have a negative impact.
At present, the technical measures of the conventional coal-fired power station boiler NOx emission of existing control can be divided into low NOx combusting technology and flue gases purification two class.Flue gases purification is the final discharge capacity reducing NOx by removing NOx in flue gas.Thermal power plant NOx reduces discharging and realizes mainly through the operation mode of advanced person, low NOx combusting technology and tail flue gas denitration technology.Tail flue gas denitration technology is relatively more thorough, but its investment is expensive with operation and maintenance cost.Current advanced low NOx combusting technology can reduce concentration of emission to 150 ~ 350mg/m
3below, and along with the minimizing of NOx generation amount in stove, also can reduce the operating cost of afterbody denitrification apparatus.One of core of low NOx combusting technology is grading combustion technology, and comprise air classification and fuel staging two kinds, fuel staging techniques is also called fuel reburning technology.The main flow low NOx combusting technology that domestic and international pulverized-coal fired boiler adopts the most extensively, technology is the most ripe is air classification technology, and it is generally adopted at the station boiler of China.
The classification of burner hearth integrated air the air capacity needed for burning is divided into two-stage send into, and the air provided for burner in first-stage burning district accounts for coal dust and to burn completely 60% ~ 90% of required total blast volume, and fuel first burns under the rich fuel condition of anoxic.In secondary firing district, by the remainder of the air of burning with auxiliary air (burnout degree) input, become oxygen-enriched combusting district.Average oxygen concentration in the centre of I and II combustion zone close to zero the reducing zone with reducing atmosphere, the reducing medium in this region is for reducing the NOx effect that generated clearly.In stove, integrated air classification technique can make NOx generation amount reduce by 30% ~ 70%, and the degree of air classification is larger, and the share namely shared by burnout degree is larger, and the degree that NOx reduces discharging is larger.
At present, tangentially firing boiler integrated air staged-combustion method is drawn from air preheater by Secondary Air, part Secondary Air is connected with the gap in the overfire air jet in main burner and First air coal nozzle by first and second air channel, and remaining a part of Secondary Air sprays into burner hearth as burnout degree by being separated burnout degree nozzle.
Mainly there is following shortcoming in this combustion method:
(1) coal adaptability is poor, when coal off-design coal, such as, when using the low calorific value coals such as high ash content, high-moisture, pulverized coal preparation system undercapacity, wind powder mixture flowed fluctuation is large, and First air rigidity is not enough, easily broken up by the Secondary Air of adjacent high speed, destroy the coherency of breeze airflow, cause coal dust to wash away water-cooling wall, tangential firing cannot be set up;
(2) the flexible independent modulability of burner is poor, the incorporation time of primary and secondary air cannot accurately control, thus the ignition point of burning is uncontrollable, the oxygen content of primary zone zones of different also cannot accurately control, and these are all unfavorable for the further reduction of coal dust smooth combustion and discharged nitrous oxides.
Summary of the invention
It is strong and can reduce NO further that the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide strong, the independent flexible modulation of a kind of coal adaptability
xthe coal dust combustion method of discharge.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is to provide the low nitrogen coal dust combustion method of a kind of many coals with gap air, the hot Secondary Air of drawing from the outlet of air preheater is divided into two, the hot Secondary Air of major part enters large bellows by hot Secondary Air pipeline, and the hot Secondary Air of this part sprays into burner hearth by the surrounding air nozzle being located at overfire air jet in large bellows and First air nozzle surrounding again; The remaining hot Secondary Air of a part is entered by burnout degree air channel and is separated burnout degree bellows, and the hot Secondary Air of this part sprays into burner hearth by being located at the separation burnout degree nozzle be separated in burnout degree bellows again; It is characterized in that: the heat primary air of drawing from the outlet of air preheater is divided into two, and most of heat primary air enters coal pulverizer by heat primary air pipeline; Fraction heat primary air sprays into burner hearth as gap air by gap air pipeline and the gap air nozzle of the upside and/or downside of being located at First air nozzle.
Preferably, the pressure of described heat primary air is 8000 ~ 10000Pa.
Preferably, the gap air wind speed spraying into burner hearth from described gap air nozzle is 40 ~ 130m/s.
Preferably, the gap air total amount spraying into burner hearth from described gap air nozzle is no more than 10% of boiler total combustion air amount.
Preferably, the gap air quantity by regulating the flow control valve be located on described gap air pipeline and flow measurement device to control to spray into described burner hearth.
The low nitrogen coal dust combustion method of a kind of many coals with gap air provided by the invention compared to existing technology, has following beneficial effect:
(1) there is very strong coal adaptability.By regulating gap air air quantity, can the incorporation time of fine adjustment primary and secondary air, thus control combustion ignition point effectively.When using the coal that the volatile contents such as meager coal are low, difficult point is fired, gap air air quantity can be reduced, primary and secondary air is mixed as early as possible, for the fugitive constituent of separating out provides sufficient oxygen amount, ensure burning, and then provide sufficient thermal source and oxygen amount for remaining the burning of fixed carbon.When using that the volatile contents such as bituminous coal are high, the coal of easily lighting time, gap air air quantity can be improved, reduce according to actual conditions the air quantity that large bellows Secondary Air enters burner hearth simultaneously, postpone the incorporation time of primary and secondary air, increase the time of staying of coal dust under the reducing atmosphere of oxygen deprivation, both ensure that high efficiency of combustion, be conducive to again the generation reducing nitrogen oxide.
(2) independent flexible modulation is strong.Gap air is introduced from heat primary air pipeline, and blast is high, can strengthen the rigidity of First air flame, and prevent from being broken up by Secondary Air, tangential firing can normally be set up, and ensures the stability of coal dust firing.
(3) NO can be reduced further
xdischarge.By the air classification of more refinement, accurately can control the amount of oxygen in the zones of different of primary zone, obtain optimum primary and secondary air and the proportioning of gap air, at utmost reduce discharged nitrous oxides, test proves, the present invention can at existing boiler NO
xthe basis of discharge minimum reduces by 10% ~ 20% again.
Method provided by the invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, and coal adaptability is strong, and independent flexible modulation is strong, and can reduce NO further
xdischarge.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the many coals low nitrogen coal dust combustion method air distribution mode schematic diagram with gap air in embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 is the I-I sectional view in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the II part partial enlarged drawing in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the elevation with many coals low nitrogen coal dust combustion method air distribution mode of gap air in embodiment 2;
Fig. 5 is the elevation with many coals low nitrogen coal dust combustion method air distribution mode of gap air in embodiment 3;
Description of reference numerals
1-boiler; 2-burner hearth; 3-coal pulverizer; 4-pulverized coal channel; 5-First air nozzle; 6-overfire air jet; 7-water-cooling wall; 8-main burner; The large bellows of 9-; 10-is separated burnout degree bellows; 11-is separated burnout degree nozzle; 12-air preheater; 13-heat primary air pipeline; 14-gap air pipeline; The hot Secondary Air pipeline of 15-; 16-is separated burnout degree pipeline; 17-gap air nozzle; 18-flow control valve; 19-flow measurement device.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the present invention become apparent, hereby with three preferred embodiments, and accompanying drawing is coordinated to be described in detail below.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, every platform boiler 1 configures six coal pulverizers 3, and numbering is respectively A, B, C, D, E, F.Burner hearth 2 is made up of four sides water-cooling wall 7, composition graphs 2 and Fig. 3, each angle of burner hearth 2 is all furnished with one group of main burner 8, often organize main burner 8 and vertically arrange six First air nozzles 5 and seven overfire air jets 6 in interval, coal pulverizer 3 is connected with First air nozzle 5 by pulverized coal channel 4, every platform coal pulverizer 3 outlet has four pulverized coal channels 4, is connected respectively with four First air nozzles 5 of same absolute altitude.The upper and lower both sides of First air nozzle 5 are furnished with gap air nozzle 17.
Heat primary air X draws from the outlet of air preheater 12.In this section in heat primary air, be divided into two, most of heat primary air, is connected with coal pulverizer 3 by heat primary air pipeline 13, provides the heat primary air ground required for coal dust.Fraction heat primary air, as gap air, is connected with the gap air nozzle 17 being arranged in the upper and lower both sides of First air nozzle 5 by gap air pipeline 14.Gap air pipeline 14 is furnished with flow control valve 18 and flow measurement device 19, the gap air quantity spraying into burner hearth 2 can be controlled.
Hot Secondary Air Y also draws from the outlet of air preheater 12, in this part hot Secondary Air, be divided into two again, the hot Secondary Air of major part is connected with large bellows 9 by hot Secondary Air pipeline 15, again by being arranged on the surrounding air nozzle of overfire air jet 6 in large bellows 9 and First air nozzle 5 surrounding, spray into burner hearth.Remaining a part of Secondary Air by burnout degree air channel 16 be separated burnout degree bellows 10 and connect, then spray into burner hearth by being arranged on the separation burnout degree nozzle 11 be separated in burnout degree bellows 10.
Part heat primary air as gap air, because heat primary air pressure head is high, is 8000 ~ 10000Pa by the present invention, and the wide range that gap air wind speed can be selected is 40 ~ 130m/s.The gap air total amount spraying into burner hearth from gap air nozzle 17 is no more than 10% of boiler total combustion air amount.
Embodiment 2
Composition graphs 4, the difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is, only arrange gap air nozzle 17 in the upside of First air nozzle 5, gap air flows into burner hearth by gap air nozzle 17.
Embodiment 3
Composition graphs 5, the difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is, only arrange gap air nozzle 17 in the upper and lower both sides of upper three layers of First air nozzle 5, gap air flows into burner hearth by gap air nozzle 17.
Claims (4)
1. the low nitrogen coal dust combustion method of the many coals with gap air, the hot Secondary Air (Y) of drawing from the outlet of air preheater (12) is divided into two, the hot Secondary Air of major part enters large bellows (9) by hot Secondary Air pipeline (15), and the hot Secondary Air of this part sprays into burner hearth (2) by the overfire air jet (6) be located in large bellows (9) and the surrounding air nozzle of being located at First air nozzle (5) surrounding again; The remaining hot Secondary Air of a part is entered by burnout degree air channel (16) and is separated burnout degree bellows (10), the hot Secondary Air of this part sprays into burner hearth (2) by being located at the separation burnout degree nozzle (11) be separated in burnout degree bellows (10) again, it is characterized in that: the heat primary air (X) of drawing from the outlet of air preheater (12) is divided into two, most of heat primary air enters coal pulverizer (3) by heat primary air pipeline (13); Fraction heat primary air is as gap air, gap air nozzle (17) is entered by gap air pipeline (14), spray into burner hearth (2) by gap air nozzle (17) again, gap air nozzle (17) is arranged in upside and/or the downside of at least one deck First air nozzle (5);
The gap air wind speed spraying into burner hearth from described gap air nozzle (17) is 40 ~ 130m/s.
2., as claimed in claim 1 with the low nitrogen coal dust combustion method of many coals of gap air, it is characterized in that: the pressure of described heat primary air is 8000 ~ 10000Pa.
3., as claimed in claim 1 with the low nitrogen coal dust combustion method of many coals of gap air, it is characterized in that: the gap air total amount spraying into burner hearth from described gap air nozzle (17) is no more than 10% of boiler total combustion air amount.
4. as claimed in claim 1 with the low nitrogen coal dust combustion method of many coals of gap air, it is characterized in that: the flow control valve (18) be located on described gap air pipeline (14) by adjustment and flow measurement device (19) control to spray into the gap air quantity of described burner hearth (2).
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| CN201310072390.9A CN103148505B (en) | 2013-03-07 | 2013-03-07 | Multi-coal-type low-nitrogen pulverized-coal combustion method with gap air |
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| CN103148505B true CN103148505B (en) | 2015-04-08 |
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| CN108151058B (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2019-07-26 | 大唐湘潭发电有限责任公司 | A kind of 600MW boiler-burner air distribution method based on coal |
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| CN201014433Y (en) * | 2007-02-16 | 2008-01-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Coat powder combustion device for vertical thick-thin combustion boiler for preventing slagging formation and high-temperature corrosion |
| CN201348244Y (en) * | 2008-12-17 | 2009-11-18 | 哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司 | Fixed pulverized coal nozzle of central air multi-channel lignite burner |
| CN101737771A (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2010-06-16 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Multistage over fire air distributing mode |
| CN102705819A (en) * | 2012-06-22 | 2012-10-03 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Closing-to-wall air combustion system for boiler burner |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH071084B2 (en) * | 1988-10-05 | 1995-01-11 | 石川島播磨重工業株式会社 | Air amount control method for fluidized bed furnace with boiler |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201014433Y (en) * | 2007-02-16 | 2008-01-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Coat powder combustion device for vertical thick-thin combustion boiler for preventing slagging formation and high-temperature corrosion |
| CN201348244Y (en) * | 2008-12-17 | 2009-11-18 | 哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司 | Fixed pulverized coal nozzle of central air multi-channel lignite burner |
| CN101737771A (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2010-06-16 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Multistage over fire air distributing mode |
| CN102705819A (en) * | 2012-06-22 | 2012-10-03 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Closing-to-wall air combustion system for boiler burner |
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