CN103148095A - Full ceramic bearing as well as manufacture method and basic structure parameter determination method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a ceramic bearing, and in particular relates to a full ceramic bearing as well as a manufacture method and a basic structure parameter determination method thereof. The basic structure parameter determination method of the full ceramic bearing comprises the following steps of: confirming basic structure parameters of the bearing according to the known structure size of the bearing; selecting the factors and the levels of orthogonal tests, and building an orthogonal test table to determine the test times; carrying out the orthogonal test scheme, and substituting the level of each factor which corresponds to each test into an objective function f(x)i=aCor max+b epsilon min; analyzing the test result, and determining the optimal parameter of each factor; and judging the optimal parameter. According to the basic structure parameter determination method of the full ceramic bearing, the defect caused by the complete coping of the design technology of the existing full steel bearing can be overcome, and the reasonable basic structure parameter of the full ceramic bearing can be obtained; and the practices show that the performance of the full ceramic bearing can be improved and the fatigue life of the full ceramic bearing can be prolonged after the method is used.

Description

Definite method of full-ceramic bearing and manufacture method thereof, elementary structure parameter

Technical field

The present invention relates to ceramic bearing, specially refer to a kind of definite method of full-ceramic bearing and manufacture method thereof, elementary structure parameter.

Background technique

Along with the development of technology, more and more higher to the performance requirement of main frame, working condition is also more and more harsher, especially the bearing that uses under special operation condition is had higher requirement, as high temperature, at a high speed, the working condition such as burn into acid medium.At present, adopt the rolling bearing of high-temperature bearing Steel material, can not be higher than working long hours at 250 ℃ of temperature, high temperature lower bearing hardness descends, and the life-span significantly reduces, and the lubrication and cooling system very complex of bearing.Therefore, the high temperature of high-temperature bearing steel making, high-speed bearing can not reach actual operation requirements.For above situation, traditional high-temperature bearing steel can not meet the demands.Stupalith can satisfy above-mentioned harsh working condition requirement, but due to relevant parameters such as the performance parameter of stupalith, thermal parameters, different from the bearing steel material, determined that its design method is different.Design if indiscriminately imitate the structural parameter of existing steel bearing fully, not only can make the performance of ceramic bearing can not get improving, also can design because of mistake, and its performance is significantly reduced, even the premature failure of bearing.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of definite method of elementary structure parameter of full-ceramic bearing, to obtain the elementary structure parameter of rational full-ceramic bearing.The present invention also provides the manufacture method of a kind of full-ceramic bearing with the full-ceramic bearing of definite method of the elementary structure parameter that uses above-mentioned full-ceramic bearing.

To achieve these goals, definite method of the elementary structure parameter of full-ceramic bearing of the present invention adopts following technological scheme: definite method of the elementary structure parameter of full-ceramic bearing comprises the following steps:

A. according to the known structure size of bearing: the inner diameter d of bearing, D outer diameter, elementary structure parameter to bearing is set constraint conditio, and the elementary structure parameter of described bearing comprises: inner ring ditch Curvature Radius Coefficient fi, outer ring channel Curvature Radius Coefficient fe, wrapping angle α, nodule number Z and sphere diameter D _W, pitch diameter of ball set Dwp, described constraint conditio is:

A) nodule number Z constraint conditio: for bearing can turn round stable and guarantee the intensity of retainer,

$Z\≤\frac{\mathrm{\π}\·\mathrm{Dwp}}{(1.01+1.9/D_W)D_W}$

In formula: Dwp---pitch diameter of ball set; Z---nodule number; D _W---sphere diameter;

B) sphere diameter D _WConstraint conditio: for improving the bearing capacity of bearing, should increase the ceramic ball section factor, the ceramic ball section factor is 0.28～0.34, that is:

0.28(D-d)≤D _W≤0.34(D-d)

In formula: the external diameter of D, d---bearing and internal diameter;

C) raceway groove constraint conditio: for reducing contact stress, improve contact fatigue life, should reduce inner ring ditch Curvature Radius Coefficient fi and outer ring channel Curvature Radius Coefficient fe, its constraint conditio is:

0.505≤fi≤0.515，0.510≤fe≤0.520

E) wrapping angle α: for improving bearing capacity, should increase wrapping angle, the span of wrapping angle is 20 °～45 °;

D) pitch diameter of ball set Dwp constraint conditio: adapt for making ball group and retainer, guarantee the bearing flexible rotating, 0.5 (D+d)≤Dwp≤0.505 (D+d)

In formula: Dwp---pitch diameter of ball set;

B. choose inner ring ditch Curvature Radius Coefficient fi, outer ring channel Curvature Radius Coefficient fe, wrapping angle α, nodule number Z and sphere diameter D _W5 factors as orthogonal test, set the initial value of pitch diameter of ball set Dwp according to the constraint conditio d in above-mentioned steps A, then choose the level of described each factor according to other constraint conditio in above-mentioned steps A, the number of levels of each factor is at least two, set up orthogonal test table according to above-mentioned factor and level, each factor in this orthogonal test table is arranged in column direction, each level is arranged by line direction, and the confirmed test number of times is m;

C. implement the orthogonal test scheme: according to above-mentioned orthogonal test table, the horizontal substitution objective function f(x of each corresponding factor will be tested at every turn) _i=aC _{Or max}+ b ε _min, wherein, i=1,2---m, a, b are Weighting factor, b=1-a, a gets 0.5～0.7, b and gets 0.3～0.5, C _{Or max}The expression rated static load, ε _minExpression rotary roll ratio, ${\mathrm{\ϵ}}_{\min }=\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_{\mathrm{be}}^s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_{\mathrm{be}}^r}=\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_{\min }},$ ${\mathrm{\ω}}_{\min }=\min \left(\max \right[{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}\right)}_1,{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}\right)}_2,{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}\right)}_3,...,{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}\right)}_Z\left]\right),$ $\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}=\frac{\mathrm{Dw}\cos {\mathrm{\α}}_i}{\mathrm{Dwp}}\mathrm{tg}{\mathrm{\α}}_i-(1+\frac{\mathrm{Dw}\cos {\mathrm{\α}}_i}{\mathrm{Dwp}})\mathrm{tg}({\mathrm{\α}}_i-\mathrm{\β}),$ $\mathrm{tg}\left(\mathrm{\β}\right)=\frac{\cos {\mathrm{\α}}_e\sin {\mathrm{\α}}_e}{{\cos }^2{\mathrm{\α}}_e+\frac{\mathrm{Dw}\cos {\mathrm{\α}}_e}{\mathrm{Dwp}}},$ f ₀Be the rated static load coefficient,

Expression inner ring rotary roll ratio, ω _sBe ceramic ball roll rate, ω _RExpression ceramic ball Rolling velocity, α _iCeramic ball and inner ring wrapping angle, α _eCeramic ball and outer ring wrapping angle, D _WBe sphere diameter, Dwp is pitch diameter of ball set, and β is that outer raceway is controlled attitude angle; With above-mentioned f(x) _iResult as the test index of each time test, the resulting f(x of all tests that i level of j row factor participated in) _iAddition obtains

Test result as i level of j row factor;

D. analyze respectively the corresponding test result of all levels in each row factor With the numerical value maximum Corresponding level is finally determined the optimized parameter of 5 factors as the optimized parameter of j row factor;

E. then according to following condition, optimized parameter is judged checking,

In formula, d _c---the retainer internal diameter; Z---nodule number; S _b---cross deck-siding; The sphere diameter D that chooses _WAnd number Z satisfies minimum lintel value requirement between retainer pocket hole, and this optimized parameter namely is defined as the bearing elementary structure parameter, does not meet the demands, and then gets back to step B, until optimized parameter meets the requirements.

Definite method of the elementary structure parameter of full-ceramic bearing of the present invention, adopt orthogonal experimental design method to be optimized design to the elementary structure parameter of bearing, with elementary structure parameter inner ring ditch Curvature Radius Coefficient fi, outer ring channel Curvature Radius Coefficient fe, wrapping angle α, nodule number Z and the sphere diameter D of bearing _WElect factor as.The Young's modulus of stupalith and Steel material and Poisson's ratio different, under same load, the relative steel bearing of the contact stress of ceramic bearing has increased 30% left and right, however contact stress increases the contact fatigue life that can reduce bearing; The crushing load of ceramic ball is higher than steel ball, and the density of ceramic ball is little, and centrifugal force is little.Above-mentioned performance parameter according to stupalith, determine the constraint conditio of bearing elementary structure parameter, by reducing inner ring ditch Curvature Radius Coefficient and outer ring channel Curvature Radius Coefficient, reduced contact stress, and by relatively increasing sphere diameter and wrapping angle, improve the bearing capacity of bearing.Then, according to the constraint conditio of bearing elementary structure parameter, determine the level of each factor, set up orthogonal test table, determine that the orthogonal experiment scheme is according to the scheme of this orthogonal test.For on the basis of pursuing minimum contact stress, reduce simultaneously the rotary roll ratio, the present invention adopts method of weighting scores, set up a multiobject majorized function (rated static load, rotary roll ratio), calculate the objective function of each test, test by less number of times, just can carry out comprehensive analysis and optimization to each factor, and then can find fast the optimized parameter of each factor, then optimized parameter is verified, until optimized parameter meets the requirements, this optimized parameter is the elementary structure parameter of full-ceramic bearing.The method has overcome the deficiency of the designing technique of indiscriminately imitating existing all-steel bearing.At 250 ℃ of high temperature, at a high speed under 20000 rev/mins, completed the all-steel bearing B7208 life test of 50 hours, and the full-ceramic bearing that definite method of pressing above-mentioned elementary structure parameter designs, model is identical with all-steel bearing, 150 hours life tests have been completed under identical condition, in process of the test, the test temperature of full-ceramic bearing is more conducive to bearing operation performance and life-span lower than the test temperature of all-steel bearing.Certainly, because stupalith has anticorrosive, acid medium, bearing performance and the life requirements of full-ceramic bearing have been satisfied.Therefore, the parameter value of the full-ceramic bearing elementary structure parameter that employing the present invention obtains is more reasonable, be proven, by performance and the fatigue life that the full-ceramic bearing of the definite method design of above-mentioned elementary structure parameter has not only improved full-ceramic bearing, also make full-ceramic bearing can satisfy the usage requirement of special operation condition (high temperature, at a high speed, burn into acid medium).

To achieve these goals, the manufacture method of full-ceramic bearing of the present invention adopts following technological scheme: comprise the following steps:

1) determine the elementary structure parameter of full-ceramic bearing, comprise the following steps:

A. according to the known structure size of bearing: the inner diameter d of bearing, D outer diameter, elementary structure parameter to bearing is set constraint conditio, and the elementary structure parameter of described bearing comprises: inner ring ditch Curvature Radius Coefficient fi, outer ring channel Curvature Radius Coefficient fe, wrapping angle α, nodule number Z and sphere diameter D _W, pitch diameter of ball set Dwp, described constraint conditio is:

A) nodule number Z constraint conditio: for bearing can turn round stable and guarantee the intensity of retainer,

$Z\≤\frac{\mathrm{\π}\·\mathrm{Dwp}}{(1.01+1.9/D_W)D_W}$

In formula: Dwp---pitch diameter of ball set; Z---nodule number; D _W---sphere diameter;

B) sphere diameter D _WConstraint conditio: for improving the bearing capacity of bearing, should increase the ceramic ball section factor, the ceramic ball section factor is 0.28～0.34, that is:

0.28(D-d)≤D _W≤0.34(D-d)

In formula: the external diameter of D, d---bearing and internal diameter;

C) raceway groove constraint conditio: for reducing contact stress, improve contact fatigue life, should reduce inner ring ditch Curvature Radius Coefficient fi and outer ring channel Curvature Radius Coefficient fe, its constraint conditio is:

0.505≤fi≤0.515，0.510≤fe≤0.520

E) wrapping angle α: for improving bearing capacity, should increase wrapping angle, the span of wrapping angle is 20 °～45 °;

D) pitch diameter of ball set Dwp constraint conditio: adapt for making ball group and retainer, guarantee the bearing flexible rotating, 0.5 (D+d)≤Dwp≤0.505 (D+d)

In formula: Dwp---pitch diameter of ball set;

B. choose inner ring ditch Curvature Radius Coefficient fi, outer ring channel Curvature Radius Coefficient fe, wrapping angle α, nodule number Z and sphere diameter D _W5 factors as orthogonal test, set the initial value of pitch diameter of ball set Dwp according to the constraint conditio d in above-mentioned steps A, then choose the level of described each factor according to other constraint conditio in above-mentioned steps A, the number of levels of each factor is at least two, set up orthogonal test table according to above-mentioned factor and level, each factor in this orthogonal test table is arranged in column direction, each level is arranged by line direction, and the confirmed test number of times is m;

C. implement the orthogonal test scheme: according to above-mentioned orthogonal test table, the horizontal substitution objective function f(x of each corresponding factor will be tested at every turn) _i=aC _{Or max}+ b ε _min, wherein, i=1,2---m, a, b are Weighting factor, b=1-a, a gets 0.5～0.7, b and gets 0.3～0.5, C _{Or max}The expression rated static load,

ε _minExpression rotary roll ratio, ${\mathrm{\ϵ}}_{\min }=\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_{\mathrm{be}}^s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_{\mathrm{be}}^r}=\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_{\min }},$ ${\mathrm{\ω}}_{\min }=\min \left(\max \right[{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}\right)}_1,{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}\right)}_2,{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}\right)}_3,...,{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}\right)}_Z\left]\right),$ $\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}=\frac{\mathrm{Dw}\cos {\mathrm{\α}}_i}{\mathrm{Dwp}}\mathrm{tg}{\mathrm{\α}}_i-(1+\frac{\mathrm{Dw}\cos {\mathrm{\α}}_i}{\mathrm{Dwp}})\mathrm{tg}({\mathrm{\α}}_i-\mathrm{\β}),$ $\mathrm{tg}\left(\mathrm{\β}\right)=\frac{\cos {\mathrm{\α}}_e\sin {\mathrm{\α}}_e}{{\cos }^2{\mathrm{\α}}_e+\frac{\mathrm{Dw}\cos {\mathrm{\α}}_e}{\mathrm{Dwp}}},$ f ₀Be the rated static load coefficient,

Expression inner ring rotary roll ratio, ω _sBe ceramic ball roll rate, ω _RExpression ceramic ball Rolling velocity, α _iCeramic ball and inner ring wrapping angle, α _eCeramic ball and outer ring wrapping angle, D _WBe sphere diameter, Dwp is pitch diameter of ball set, and β is that outer raceway is controlled attitude angle; With above-mentioned f(x) _iResult as the test index of each time test, the resulting f(x of all tests that i level of j row factor participated in) _iAddition obtains Test result as i level of j row factor;

D. analyze respectively the corresponding test result of all levels in each row factor

With the numerical value maximum

Corresponding level is finally determined the optimized parameter of 5 factors as the optimized parameter of j row factor;

E. then according to following condition, optimized parameter is judged checking,

In formula, d _c---the retainer internal diameter; Z---nodule number, S _b---cross deck-siding;

The sphere diameter D that chooses _WAnd number Z satisfies minimum lintel value requirement between retainer pocket hole, and this optimized parameter namely is defined as the bearing elementary structure parameter, does not meet the demands, and then gets back to step B, until optimized parameter meets the requirements.

2) according to the known structure size of elementary structure parameter and the bearing of above-mentioned full-ceramic bearing: the inner diameter d of bearing, D outer diameter, draw out the drawing of bearing, and process full-ceramic bearing according to described drawing.

To achieve these goals, full-ceramic bearing of the present invention adopts following technological scheme: full-ceramic bearing, comprise outer ring, inner ring, ceramic ball and retainer, the bearing elementary structure parameter comprises inner ring ditch Curvature Radius Coefficient fi, outer ring channel Curvature Radius Coefficient fe, wrapping angle α, nodule number Z, sphere diameter D _WWith pitch diameter of ball set Dwp, described outer ring, inner ring, ceramic ball and retainer all adopt stupalith to make, described bearing elementary structure parameter has the parameter value of definite method acquisition of the elementary structure parameter that adopts full-ceramic bearing, and definite method of the elementary structure parameter of described full-ceramic bearing comprises the following steps:

A. according to the known structure size of bearing: the inner diameter d of bearing, D outer diameter, the elementary structure parameter of bearing is set constraint conditio, described constraint conditio is:

A) nodule number Z constraint conditio: for bearing can turn round stable and guarantee the intensity of retainer,

In formula: Dwp---pitch diameter of ball set; Z---nodule number; D _W---sphere diameter;

B) sphere diameter D _WConstraint conditio: for improving the bearing capacity of bearing, should increase the ceramic ball section factor, the ceramic ball section factor is 0.28～0.34, that is:

0.28(D-d)≤D _W≤0.34(D-d)

In formula: the external diameter of D, d---bearing and internal diameter;

C) raceway groove constraint conditio: for reducing contact stress, improve contact fatigue life, should reduce inner ring ditch Curvature Radius Coefficient fi and outer ring channel Curvature Radius Coefficient fe, its constraint conditio is:

0.505≤fi≤0.515，0.510≤fe≤0.520

E) wrapping angle α: for improving bearing capacity, should increase wrapping angle, the span of wrapping angle is 20 °～45 °;

D) pitch diameter of ball set Dwp constraint conditio: adapt for making ball group and retainer, guarantee the bearing flexible rotating, 0.5 (D+d)≤Dwp≤0.505 (D+d),

In formula: Dwp---pitch diameter of ball set;

B. choose inner ring ditch Curvature Radius Coefficient fi, outer ring channel Curvature Radius Coefficient fe, wrapping angle α, nodule number Z and sphere diameter D _W5 factors as orthogonal test, set the initial value of pitch diameter of ball set Dwp according to the constraint conditio d in above-mentioned steps A, then choose the level of described each factor according to other constraint conditio in above-mentioned steps A, the number of levels of each factor is at least two, set up orthogonal test table according to above-mentioned factor and level, each factor in this orthogonal test table is arranged in column direction, each level is arranged by line direction, and the confirmed test number of times is m;

C. implement the orthogonal test scheme: according to above-mentioned orthogonal test table, the horizontal substitution objective function f(x of each corresponding factor will be tested at every turn) _i=aC _{Or max}+ b ε _min, wherein, i=1,2---m, a, b are Weighting factor, b=1-a, a gets 0.5～0.7, b and gets 0.3～0.5, C _{Or max}The expression rated static load,

ε _minExpression rotary roll ratio, ${\mathrm{\ϵ}}_{\min }=\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_{\mathrm{be}}^s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_{\mathrm{be}}^r}=\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_{\min }},$ ${\mathrm{\ω}}_{\min }=\min \left(\max \right[{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}\right)}_1,{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}\right)}_2,{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}\right)}_3,...,{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}\right)}_Z\left]\right),$ $\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}=\frac{\mathrm{Dw}\cos {\mathrm{\α}}_i}{\mathrm{Dwp}}\mathrm{tg}{\mathrm{\α}}_i-(1+\frac{\mathrm{Dw}\cos {\mathrm{\α}}_i}{\mathrm{Dwp}})\mathrm{tg}({\mathrm{\α}}_i-\mathrm{\β}),$ $\mathrm{tg}\left(\mathrm{\β}\right)=\frac{\cos {\mathrm{\α}}_e\sin {\mathrm{\α}}_e}{{\cos }^2{\mathrm{\α}}_e+\frac{\mathrm{Dw}\cos {\mathrm{\α}}_e}{\mathrm{Dwp}}},$ f ₀Be the rated static load coefficient,

Expression inner ring rotary roll ratio, ω _sBe ceramic ball roll rate, ω _RExpression ceramic ball Rolling velocity, α _iCeramic ball and inner ring wrapping angle, α _eCeramic ball and outer ring wrapping angle, D _WBe sphere diameter, Dwp is pitch diameter of ball set, and β is that outer raceway is controlled attitude angle; With above-mentioned f(x) _iResult as the test index of each time test, the resulting f(x of all tests that i level of j row factor participated in) _iAddition obtains

Test result as i level of j row factor;

D. analyze respectively the corresponding test result of all levels in each row factor

With the numerical value maximum

Corresponding level is finally determined the optimized parameter of 5 factors as the optimized parameter of j row factor;

E. then according to following condition, optimized parameter is judged checking,

d _c---the retainer internal diameter; Z---nodule number; S _b---cross deck-siding;

The sphere diameter D that chooses _WAnd number Z satisfies minimum lintel value requirement between retainer pocket hole, and this optimized parameter namely is defined as the bearing elementary structure parameter, does not meet the demands, and then gets back to step B, until optimized parameter meets the requirements..

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of full-ceramic bearing.

Embodiment

A kind of embodiment of definite method of the elementary structure parameter of full-ceramic bearing of the present invention comprises the steps:

A. according to the known structure size of bearing: the inner diameter d of bearing, D outer diameter, elementary structure parameter to bearing is set constraint conditio, and the elementary structure parameter of described bearing comprises: inner ring ditch Curvature Radius Coefficient fi, outer ring channel Curvature Radius Coefficient fe, wrapping angle α, nodule number Z and sphere diameter D _W, pitch diameter of ball set Dwp, described constraint conditio is:

A) nodule number Z constraint conditio: for bearing can turn round stable and guarantee the intensity of retainer,

$Z\≤\frac{\mathrm{\π}\·\mathrm{Dwp}}{(1.01+1.9/D_W)D_W}$

In formula: Dwp---pitch diameter of ball set; Z---nodule number; D _W---sphere diameter;

B) sphere diameter D _WConstraint conditio: the section factor 0.28～0.32 of steel ball, the crushing load of ceramic ball is higher than steel ball, the density of ceramic ball is little, centrifugal force is little, the bearing capacity of bearing when running up for raising is compared with steel ball size, and the ceramic ball section factor should be got higher value, the ceramic ball section factor is 0.28～0.34, that is:

0.28(D-d)≤D _W≤0.34(D-d)

In formula: the external diameter of D, d---bearing and internal diameter;

C) raceway groove constraint conditio: for reducing contact stress, improve contact fatigue life, should reduce inner ring ditch Curvature Radius Coefficient fi, outer ring channel Curvature Radius Coefficient fe, its constraint conditio is:

0.505≤fi≤0.515，0.510≤fe≤0.520

D) pitch diameter of ball set Dwp constraint conditio: adapt for making ball group and retainer, guarantee the bearing flexible rotating, 0.5 (D+d)≤Dwp≤0.505 (D+d)

In formula: Dwp---pitch diameter of ball set;

E) wrapping angle α: wrapping angle is larger, and axial carrying capacity is larger, and rotary roll than larger, is generated heat more serious when running up; Run up because the material property parameter of ceramic bearing is beneficial to, the heat that ceramic bearing produces is less than steel bearing, for improving the bearing capacity of ceramic bearing, should relatively increase its wrapping angle, and the span of wrapping angle is 20 °～45 °.

B. choose inner ring ditch Curvature Radius Coefficient fi, outer ring channel Curvature Radius Coefficient fe, wrapping angle α, nodule number Z and sphere diameter D _W5 factors as orthogonal test, set the initial value of pitch diameter of ball set Dwp according to the constraint conditio d in above-mentioned steps A, then choose the level of described each factor according to other constraint conditio in above-mentioned steps A, the number of levels of each factor is at least two, set up orthogonal test table according to above-mentioned factor and level, each factor in this orthogonal test table is arranged in column direction, each level is arranged by line direction, and the confirmed test number of times is m.In the present embodiment, the initial value of default pitch diameter of ball set is Dwp=0.5(D+d), four levels of inner ring ditch Curvature Radius Coefficient fi get respectively 0.505,0.508,0.510,0.515; Four levels of outer ring channel Curvature Radius Coefficient fe get respectively 0.510,0.512,0.515,0.520; Default reference value alpha ₀, the α wrapping angle four levels get respectively α ₀-2 °, α ₀, α ₀+ 2 °, α ₀+ 4 °; Sphere diameter D _WFour levels accurate sphere diameter value of label taking Dw1 respectively, Dw2, Dw3, Dw4; Nodule number Z gets respectively Z according to four levels of fe ₀-3, Z ₀-2, Z ₀-1, Z ₀Orthogonal test table has been selected L ₁₆(4 ⁵) orthogonal table, as shown in table 1, test number (TN) is 16 times.

Table 1 orthogonal test scheme table

In above-mentioned table 1, f(x) _iThe test index that represents the i time test,

The test result that represents the i level of j row,

Formula as follows:

$K_1^{\left(1\right)}=f_1+f_2+f_3+f_4,$

$K_2^{\left(1\right)}=f_5+f_6+f_7+f_8,$

$K_3^{\left(1\right)}=f_9+f_{10}+f_{11}+f_{12},$

$K_4^{\left(1\right)}=f_{13}+f_{14}+f_{15}+f_{16},$

$K_1^{\left(2\right)}=f_1+f_5+f_9+f_{13},$

$K_2^{\left(2\right)}=f_2+f_6+f_{10}+f_{14},$

$K_3^{\left(2\right)}=f_3+f_7+f_{11}+f_{15},$

$K_4^{\left(2\right)}=f_4+f_8+f_{12}+f_{16},$

$K_1^{\left(3\right)}=f_1+f_6+f_{11}+f_{16},$

$K_2^{\left(3\right)}=f_2+f_5+f_{12}+f_{15},$

$K_3^{\left(3\right)}=f_3+f_8+f_9+f_{14},$

$K_4^{\left(3\right)}=f_4+f_7+f_{10}+f_{13},$

$K_1^{\left(4\right)}=f_1+f_7+f_{12}+f_{14},$

$K_2^{\left(4\right)}=f_2+f_8+f_{11}+f_{13},$

$K_3^{\left(4\right)}=f_3+f_5+f_{10}+f_{16},$

$K_4^{\left(4\right)}=f_4+f_6+f_9+f_{15},$

$K_1^{\left(5\right)}=f_1+f_8+f_{10}+f_{15},$

$K_2^{\left(5\right)}=f_2+f_7+f_9+f_{16},$

$K_3^{\left(5\right)}=f_3+f_6+f_{12}+f_{13},$

$K_4^{\left(5\right)}=f_4+f_5+f_{11}+f_{14},$

Mean value be

J=1 wherein, 2 ... 5, i=1,2,3,4, in the present embodiment namely, 5 factors are to there being 5 row, and each is listed as 4 levels should be arranged.

C. implement the orthogonal test scheme: according to above-mentioned orthogonal test table, the horizontal substitution objective function f(x of each corresponding factor will be tested at every turn) _i=aC _{Or max}+ b ε _min, i=1,2---m, in the present embodiment, and m=16, a, b are Weighting factor, b=1-a, a gets 0.5～0.7, b and gets 0.3～0.5, C _{Or max}The expression rated static load, ε _minExpression rotary roll ratio, the meaning of this objective function is on the basis of pursuing minimum contact stress, reduces simultaneously the rotary roll ratio, namely under the prerequisite that guarantees the raising rated static load, reduces simultaneously the rotary roll ratio. $C_{\mathrm{or}}=f_0\×i\×Z\×D_W^2\×\cos \mathrm{\α},$ ${\mathrm{\ϵ}}_{\min }=\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_{\mathrm{be}}^s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_{\mathrm{be}}^r}=\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_{\min }},$ ${\mathrm{\ω}}_{\min }=\min \left(\max \right[{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}\right)}_1,{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}\right)}_2,{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}\right)}_3,...,{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}\right)}_Z\left]\right),$ ω _minExpression makes the maximum rotary roll of ceramic ball than minimizing, $\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}=\frac{\mathrm{Dw}\cos {\mathrm{\α}}_i}{\mathrm{Dwp}}\mathrm{tg}{\mathrm{\α}}_i-(1+\frac{\mathrm{Dw}\cos {\mathrm{\α}}_i}{\mathrm{Dwp}})\mathrm{tg}({\mathrm{\α}}_i-\mathrm{\β}),$ $\mathrm{tg}\left(\mathrm{\β}\right)=\frac{\cos {\mathrm{\α}}_e\sin {\mathrm{\α}}_e}{{\cos }^2{\mathrm{\α}}_e+\frac{\mathrm{Dw}\cos {\mathrm{\α}}_e}{\mathrm{Dwp}}},$ f ₀Be the rated static load coefficient, Expression inner ring rotary roll ratio, ω _sBe ceramic ball roll rate, ω _RExpression ceramic ball Rolling velocity, α _iCeramic ball and inner ring wrapping angle, α _eCeramic ball and outer ring wrapping angle, D _WBe sphere diameter, Dwp is pitch diameter of ball set, and β is that outer raceway is controlled attitude angle; With above-mentioned f(x) _iResult as the test index of each time test, the resulting f(x of all tests that i level of j row factor participated in) _iAddition obtains

Test result as i level of j row factor;

D. analyze respectively the corresponding test result of all levels in each row factor

With the numerical value maximum

Corresponding level is finally determined the optimized parameter of 5 factors as the optimized parameter of j row factor;

E. then according to following condition, optimized parameter is judged checking,

In formula, d _c---the retainer internal diameter; Z---nodule number; S _b---cross deck-siding;

The sphere diameter D that chooses _WAnd number Z satisfies minimum lintel value requirement between retainer pocket hole, and this optimized parameter namely is defined as the bearing elementary structure parameter, does not meet the demands, and then gets back to step B, until optimized parameter meets the requirements.

In other embodiment of definite method of the elementary structure parameter of full-ceramic bearing of the present invention, the number of levels that each factor is selected can also be 2 or 3 or 5 or 6, and the number of levels of each factor can equate, also can be unequal.

In other embodiment of definite method of the elementary structure parameter of full-ceramic bearing of the present invention, under pitch diameter of ball set constraint conditio 0.5 (D+d)≤Dwp≤0.505 (D+d), the initial value of pitch diameter of ball set can also be got and be not equal to 0.5(D+d) arbitrary value.

As for a kind of full-ceramic bearing, the parameter of known this angular contact ball bearing comprises: internal diameter is 40mm, and external diameter is 80mm, and width is 18mm, and its working speed is 42000 rev/mins.The outer ring of this bearing, inner ring, ceramic ball and retainer material all adopt silicon nitride ceramics.Definite method with the elementary structure parameter of the full-ceramic bearing of the invention described above determines that the concrete steps of the elementary structure parameter of this full-ceramic bearing are:

1, the initial value of getting pitch diameter of ball set is Dwp=0.5(D+d)=60, four levels of inner ring ditch Curvature Radius Coefficient fi get respectively 0.505,0.508,0.510,0.515; Four levels of outer ring channel Curvature Radius Coefficient fe get respectively 0.510,0.512,0.515,0.520; Default reference value alpha ₀=22 °, four levels of α wrapping angle are got respectively 20 °, 22 °, 24 °, 26 °; Sphere diameter D _WFour levels accurate sphere diameter values 11.906 of label taking, 12,12.303,12.5 respectively; Nodule number Z gets respectively 9,10,11,12 according to four levels of fe; Orthogonal test table has been selected L ₁₆(4 ⁵) orthogonal table, as shown in table 2, test number (TN) is 16 times.

Table 2 orthogonal test scheme table

2, according to above-mentioned orthogonal test table, the horizontal substitution objective function f(x of each corresponding factor will be tested at every turn) _i=aC _{Or max}+ b ε _min, i=1,2---m, in the present embodiment, and m=16, a, b are Weighting factor, b=1-a, a gets 0.5～0.7, b and gets 0.3～0.5, C _{Or max}The expression rated static load, ε _minExpression rotary roll ratio, the meaning of this objective function is on the basis of pursuing minimum contact stress, reduces simultaneously the rotary roll ratio, namely under the prerequisite that guarantees the raising rated static load, reduces simultaneously the rotary roll ratio. $C_{\mathrm{or}}=f_0\×i\×Z\×D_W^2\×\cos \mathrm{\α},$ ${\mathrm{\ϵ}}_{\min }=\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_{\mathrm{be}}^s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_{\mathrm{be}}^r}=\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_{\min }},$ ${\mathrm{\ω}}_{\min }=\min \left(\max \right[{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}\right)}_1,{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}\right)}_2,{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}\right)}_3,...,{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}\right)}_Z\left]\right),$ ω _minExpression makes the maximum rotary roll of ceramic ball compare minimizing.

3, utilize test index f(x) _iResult of calculation, use

Mean value be

J=1 wherein, 2 ... 5, i=1,2,3,4, determine 5 factors, the optimum level of each factor.Obtain the optimum level of each factor of full-ceramic bearing by computational analysis: outer ring channel Curvature Radius Coefficient fe's is 0.515, and inner ring ditch Curvature Radius Coefficient fi is 0.505; Wrapping angle α is 20 °, ceramic ball sphere diameter D _WBe 12.303mm, nodule number Z is 11.

4, then according to following condition, optimized parameter is judged retainer intensity, S _b＞1, the sphere diameter D that chooses _WAnd number Z satisfies minimum lintel value requirement between retainer pocket hole, and this optimized parameter namely is defined as the bearing elementary structure parameter.

The embodiment of the manufacture method of full-ceramic bearing of the present invention comprises the following steps: the elementary structure parameter of 1) determining full-ceramic bearing; 2) according to elementary structure parameter and the known structure size (inner diameter d of bearing, D outer diameter) of above-mentioned full-ceramic bearing, draw out the drawing of full-ceramic bearing, and process full-ceramic bearing according to described drawing.Step with definite method of the elementary structure parameter of above-mentioned full-ceramic bearing in the step 1) of this enforcement is identical, at this repeated description no longer.

The embodiment of full-ceramic bearing of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1: full-ceramic bearing comprises outer ring, inner ring, ceramic ball and retainer, described outer ring, inner ring, ceramic ball and retainer all adopt stupalith to make, and the bearing elementary structure parameter comprises inner ring ditch Curvature Radius Coefficient fi, outer ring channel Curvature Radius Coefficient fe, wrapping angle α, nodule number Z, sphere diameter D _WWith pitch diameter of ball set Dwp, inner ring ditch radius of curvature=D _WFi, outer ring channel radius of curvature=D _WFe, described bearing elementary structure parameter have the parameter value of definite method acquisition of the elementary structure parameter that adopts full-ceramic bearing.Definite method of the elementary structure parameter of described full-ceramic bearing is identical with the step of definite method of the elementary structure parameter of the full-ceramic bearing of the invention described above, at this repeated description no longer.

Claims (3)

1. definite method of the elementary structure parameter of full-ceramic bearing, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:

A. according to the known structure size of bearing: the inner diameter d of bearing, D outer diameter, elementary structure parameter to bearing is set constraint conditio, and the elementary structure parameter of described bearing comprises: inner ring ditch Curvature Radius Coefficient fi, outer ring channel Curvature Radius Coefficient fe, wrapping angle α, nodule number Z and sphere diameter D _W, pitch diameter of ball set Dwp, described constraint conditio is:

A) nodule number Z constraint conditio: for bearing can turn round stable and guarantee the intensity of retainer,

$Z\≤\frac{\mathrm{\π}\·\mathrm{Dwp}}{(1.01+0.9/D_W)D_W}$

In formula: Dwp---pitch diameter of ball set; Z---nodule number; D _W---sphere diameter;

B) sphere diameter D _WConstraint conditio: for improving the bearing capacity of bearing, should increase the ceramic ball section factor, the ceramic ball section factor is 0.28～0.34, that is:

0.28(D-d)≤D _W≤0.34(D-d)

In formula: the external diameter of D, d---bearing and internal diameter;

C) raceway groove constraint conditio: for reducing contact stress, improve contact fatigue life, should reduce inner ring ditch Curvature Radius Coefficient fi and outer ring channel Curvature Radius Coefficient fe, its constraint conditio is:

0.505≤fi≤0.515，0.510≤fe≤0.520

E) wrapping angle α: for improving bearing capacity, should increase wrapping angle, the span of wrapping angle is 20 °～45 °;

D) pitch diameter of ball set Dwp constraint conditio: adapt for making ball group and retainer, guarantee the bearing flexible rotating, 0.5 (D+d)≤Dwp≤0.505 (D+d)

In formula: Dwp---pitch diameter of ball set;

B. choose inner ring ditch Curvature Radius Coefficient fi, outer ring channel Curvature Radius Coefficient fe, wrapping angle α, nodule number Z and sphere diameter D _W5 factors as orthogonal test, set the initial value of pitch diameter of ball set Dwp according to the constraint conditio d in above-mentioned steps A, then choose the level of described each factor according to other constraint conditio in above-mentioned steps A, the number of levels of each factor is at least two, set up orthogonal test table according to above-mentioned factor and level, each factor in this orthogonal test table is arranged in column direction, each level is arranged by line direction, and the confirmed test number of times is m;

C. implement the orthogonal test scheme: according to above-mentioned orthogonal test table, the horizontal substitution objective function f(x of each corresponding factor will be tested at every turn) _i=aC _Ormax+ b ε _min, wherein, i=1,2---m, a, b are Weighting factor, b=1-a, a gets 0.5～0.7, b and gets 0.3～0.5, C _OrmaxThe expression rated static load, $C_{\mathrm{or}}=f_0\×i\×Z\×D_W^2\×\cos \mathrm{\α},$ ε _minExpression rotary roll ratio, ${\mathrm{\ϵ}}_{\min }=\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_{\mathrm{be}}^s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_{\mathrm{be}}^r}=\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_{\min }},$ ${\mathrm{\ω}}_{\min }=\min \left(\max \right[{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}\right)}_1,{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}\right)}_2,{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}\right)}_3,...,{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}\right)}_Z\left]\right),$ $\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}=\frac{\mathrm{Dw}\cos {\mathrm{\α}}_i}{\mathrm{Dwp}}\mathrm{tg}{\mathrm{\α}}_i-(1+\frac{\mathrm{Dw}\cos {\mathrm{\α}}_i}{\mathrm{Dwp}})\mathrm{tg}({\mathrm{\α}}_i-\mathrm{\β}),$ $\mathrm{tg}\left(\mathrm{\β}\right)=\frac{\cos {\mathrm{\α}}_e\sin {\mathrm{\α}}_e}{{\cos }^2{\mathrm{\α}}_e+\frac{\mathrm{Dw}\cos {\mathrm{\α}}_e}{\mathrm{Dwp}}},$ f ₀Be the rated static load coefficient,

Expression inner ring rotary roll ratio, ω _sBe ceramic ball roll rate, ω _RExpression ceramic ball Rolling velocity, α _iCeramic ball and inner ring wrapping angle, α _eCeramic ball and outer ring wrapping angle, D _WBe sphere diameter, Dwp is pitch diameter of ball set, and β is that outer raceway is controlled attitude angle; With above-mentioned f(x) _iResult as the test index of each time test, the resulting f(x of all tests that i level of j row factor participated in) _iAddition obtains

Test result as i level of j row factor;

D. analyze respectively the corresponding test result of all levels in each row factor

With the numerical value maximum Corresponding level is finally determined the optimized parameter of 5 factors as the optimized parameter of j row factor;

E. then according to following condition, optimized parameter is verified,

In formula, d _c---the retainer internal diameter; Z---nodule number; S _b---cross deck-siding;

The sphere diameter D that chooses _WAnd number Z satisfies minimum lintel value requirement between retainer pocket hole, and this optimized parameter namely is defined as the bearing elementary structure parameter, does not meet the demands, and then gets back to step B, until optimized parameter meets the requirements.

2. the manufacture method of full-ceramic bearing is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:

1) determine the elementary structure parameter of full-ceramic bearing, comprise the following steps:

A. according to the known structure size of bearing: the inner diameter d of bearing, D outer diameter, elementary structure parameter to bearing is set constraint conditio, and the elementary structure parameter of described bearing comprises: inner ring ditch Curvature Radius Coefficient fi, outer ring channel Curvature Radius Coefficient fe, wrapping angle α, nodule number Z and sphere diameter D _W, pitch diameter of ball set Dwp, described constraint conditio is:

A) nodule number Z constraint conditio: for bearing can turn round stable and guarantee the intensity of retainer,

$Z\≤\frac{\mathrm{\π}\·\mathrm{Dwp}}{(1.01+1.9/D_W)D_W}$

In formula: Dwp---pitch diameter of ball set; Z---nodule number; D _W---sphere diameter;

B) sphere diameter D _WConstraint conditio: for improving the bearing capacity of bearing, should increase the ceramic ball section factor, the ceramic ball section factor is 0.28～0.34, that is:

0.28(D-d)≤D _W≤0.34(D-d)

In formula: the external diameter of D, d---bearing and internal diameter;

C) raceway groove constraint conditio: for reducing contact stress, improve contact fatigue life, should reduce inner ring ditch Curvature Radius Coefficient fi and outer ring channel Curvature Radius Coefficient fe, its constraint conditio is:

0.505≤fi≤0.515，0.510≤fe≤0.520

E) wrapping angle α: for improving bearing capacity, should increase wrapping angle, the span of wrapping angle is 20 °～45 °;

D) pitch diameter of ball set Dwp constraint conditio: adapt for making ball group and retainer, guarantee the bearing flexible rotating, 0.5 (D+d)≤Dwp≤0.505 (D+d)

In formula: Dwp---pitch diameter of ball set;

B. choose inner ring ditch Curvature Radius Coefficient fi, outer ring channel Curvature Radius Coefficient fe, wrapping angle α, nodule number Z and sphere diameter D _W5 factors as orthogonal test, set the initial value of pitch diameter of ball set Dwp according to the constraint conditio d in above-mentioned steps A, then choose the level of described each factor according to other constraint conditio in above-mentioned steps A, the number of levels of each factor is at least two, set up orthogonal test table according to above-mentioned factor and level, each factor in this orthogonal test table is arranged in column direction, each level is arranged by line direction, and the confirmed test number of times is m;

C. implement the orthogonal test scheme: according to above-mentioned orthogonal test table, the horizontal substitution objective function f(x of each corresponding factor will be tested at every turn) _i=aC _Ormax+ b ε _min, wherein, i=1,2---m, a, b are Weighting factor, b=1-a, a gets 0.5～0.7, b and gets 0.3～0.5, C _OrmaxThe expression rated static load, $C_{\mathrm{or}}=f_0\×i\×Z\×D_W^2\×\cos \mathrm{\α},$ ε _minExpression rotary roll ratio, ${\mathrm{\ϵ}}_{\min }=\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_{\mathrm{be}}^s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_{\mathrm{be}}^r}=\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_{\min }},$ ${\mathrm{\ω}}_{\min }=\min \left(\max \right[{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}\right)}_1,{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}\right)}_2,{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}\right)}_3,...,{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}\right)}_Z\left]\right),$ $\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}=\frac{\mathrm{Dw}\cos {\mathrm{\α}}_i}{\mathrm{Dwp}}\mathrm{tg}{\mathrm{\α}}_i-(1+\frac{\mathrm{Dw}\cos {\mathrm{\α}}_i}{\mathrm{Dwp}})\mathrm{tg}({\mathrm{\α}}_i-\mathrm{\β}),$ $\mathrm{tg}\left(\mathrm{\β}\right)=\frac{\cos {\mathrm{\α}}_e\sin {\mathrm{\α}}_e}{{\cos }^2{\mathrm{\α}}_e+\frac{\mathrm{Dw}\cos {\mathrm{\α}}_e}{\mathrm{Dwp}}},$ f ₀Be the rated static load coefficient,

Expression inner ring rotary roll ratio, ω _sBe ceramic ball roll rate, ω _RExpression ceramic ball Rolling velocity, α _iCeramic ball and inner ring wrapping angle, α _eCeramic ball and outer ring wrapping angle, D _WBe sphere diameter, Dwp is pitch diameter of ball set, and β is that outer raceway is controlled attitude angle; With above-mentioned f(x) _iResult as the test index of each time test, the resulting f(x of all tests that i level of j row factor participated in) _iAddition obtains

Test result as i level of j row factor;

D. analyze respectively the corresponding test result of all levels in each row factor

With the numerical value maximum

Corresponding level is finally determined the optimized parameter of 5 factors as the optimized parameter of j row factor;

E. then according to following condition, optimized parameter is verified,

In formula, d _c---the retainer internal diameter; Z---nodule number; S _b---cross deck-siding;

The sphere diameter D that chooses _WAnd number Z satisfies minimum lintel value requirement between retainer pocket hole, and this optimized parameter namely is defined as the bearing elementary structure parameter, does not meet the demands, and then gets back to step B, until optimized parameter meets the requirements;

2) according to the known structure size of elementary structure parameter and the bearing of above-mentioned full-ceramic bearing: the inner diameter d of bearing, D outer diameter, draw out the drawing of bearing, and process full-ceramic bearing according to described drawing.

3. full-ceramic bearing, comprise outer ring, inner ring, ceramic ball and retainer, and the bearing elementary structure parameter comprises inner ring ditch Curvature Radius Coefficient fi, outer ring channel Curvature Radius Coefficient fe, wrapping angle α, nodule number Z, sphere diameter D _WWith pitch diameter of ball set Dwp, it is characterized in that: described outer ring, inner ring, ceramic ball and retainer all adopt stupalith to make, described bearing elementary structure parameter has the parameter value of definite method acquisition of the elementary structure parameter that adopts full-ceramic bearing, and definite method of the elementary structure parameter of described full-ceramic bearing comprises the following steps:

A. according to the known structure size of bearing: the inner diameter d of bearing, D outer diameter, the elementary structure parameter of bearing is set constraint conditio, described constraint conditio is:

A) nodule number Z constraint conditio: for bearing can turn round stable and guarantee the intensity of retainer,

$Z\≤\frac{\mathrm{\π}\·\mathrm{Dwp}}{(1.01+1.9/D_W)D_W}$

In formula: Dwp---pitch diameter of ball set; Z---nodule number; D _W---sphere diameter;

B) sphere diameter D _WConstraint conditio: for improving the bearing capacity of bearing, should increase the ceramic ball section factor, the ceramic ball section factor is 0.28～0.34, that is:

0.28(D-d)≤D _W≤0.34(D-d)

In formula: the external diameter of D, d---bearing and internal diameter;

C) raceway groove constraint conditio: for reducing contact stress, improve contact fatigue life, should reduce inner ring ditch Curvature Radius Coefficient fi and outer ring channel Curvature Radius Coefficient fe, its constraint conditio is:

0.505≤fi≤0.515，0.510≤fe≤0.520

E) wrapping angle α: for improving bearing capacity, should increase wrapping angle, the span of wrapping angle is 20 °～45 °;

D) pitch diameter of ball set Dwp constraint conditio: adapt for making ball group and retainer, guarantee the bearing flexible rotating, 0.5 (D+d)≤Dwp≤0.505 (D+d)

In formula: Dwp---pitch diameter of ball set;

B. choose inner ring ditch Curvature Radius Coefficient fi, outer ring channel Curvature Radius Coefficient fe, wrapping angle α, nodule number Z and sphere diameter D _W5 factors as orthogonal test, set the initial value of pitch diameter of ball set Dwp according to the constraint conditio d in above-mentioned steps A, then choose the level of described each factor according to other constraint conditio in above-mentioned steps A, the number of levels of each factor is at least two, set up orthogonal test table according to above-mentioned factor and level, each factor in this orthogonal test table is arranged in column direction, each level is arranged by line direction, and the confirmed test number of times is m;

C. implement the orthogonal test scheme: according to above-mentioned orthogonal test table, the horizontal substitution objective function f(x of each corresponding factor will be tested at every turn) _i=aC _Ormax+ b ε _min, wherein, i=1,2---m, a, b are Weighting factor, b=1-a, a gets 0.5～0.7, b and gets 0.3～0.5, C _OrmaxThe expression rated static load, $C_{\mathrm{or}}=f_0\×i\×Z\×D_W^2\×\cos \mathrm{\α},$ ε _minExpression rotary roll ratio, ${\mathrm{\ϵ}}_{\min }=\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_{\mathrm{be}}^s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_{\mathrm{be}}^r}=\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_{\min }},$ ${\mathrm{\ω}}_{\min }=\min \left(\max \right[{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}\right)}_1,{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}\right)}_2,{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}\right)}_3,...,{\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}\right)}_Z\left]\right),$ $\frac{{\mathrm{\ω}}_s}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_R}=\frac{\mathrm{Dw}\cos {\mathrm{\α}}_i}{\mathrm{Dwp}}\mathrm{tg}{\mathrm{\α}}_i-(1+\frac{\mathrm{Dw}\cos {\mathrm{\α}}_i}{\mathrm{Dwp}})\mathrm{tg}({\mathrm{\α}}_i-\mathrm{\β}),$ $\mathrm{tg}\left(\mathrm{\β}\right)=\frac{\cos {\mathrm{\α}}_e\sin {\mathrm{\α}}_e}{{\cos }^2{\mathrm{\α}}_e+\frac{\mathrm{Dw}\cos {\mathrm{\α}}_e}{\mathrm{Dwp}}},$ f ₀Be the rated static load coefficient,

Expression inner ring rotary roll ratio, ω _sBe ceramic ball roll rate, ω _RExpression ceramic ball Rolling velocity, α _iCeramic ball and inner ring wrapping angle, α _eCeramic ball and outer ring wrapping angle, D _WBe sphere diameter, Dwp is pitch diameter of ball set, and β is that outer raceway is controlled attitude angle; With above-mentioned f(x) _iResult as the test index of each time test, the resulting f(x of all tests that i level of j row factor participated in) _iAddition obtains

Test result as i level of j row factor;

D. analyze respectively the corresponding test result of all levels in each row factor

With the numerical value maximum

Corresponding level is finally determined the optimized parameter of 5 factors as the optimized parameter of j row factor;

E. then according to following condition, optimized parameter is verified,

In formula, d _c---the retainer internal diameter; Z---nodule number; S _b---cross deck-siding;

The sphere diameter D that chooses _WAnd number Z satisfies minimum lintel value requirement between retainer pocket hole, and this optimized parameter namely is defined as the bearing elementary structure parameter, does not meet the demands, and then gets back to step B, until optimized parameter meets the requirements.