CN103143184B - Distillation apparatus - Google Patents
Distillation apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN103143184B CN103143184B CN201310050642.8A CN201310050642A CN103143184B CN 103143184 B CN103143184 B CN 103143184B CN 201310050642 A CN201310050642 A CN 201310050642A CN 103143184 B CN103143184 B CN 103143184B
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- distilling apparatus
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- distillation chamber
- crucible
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Abstract
The invention discloses a distillation apparatus. The distillation apparatus comprises a pedestal, a distillation chamber arranged on the pedestal, a top cover arranged at the top of the distillation chamber and used for gas entrance and discharge, and a heating device used for heating the distillation chamber, the heating device is sleeved outside the distillation chamber, a crucible assembly is fixedly arranged in the distillation chamber, and the bottom of the distillation chamber is connected with the pedestal and is connected with a vacuum pump through the pedestal. The distillation apparatus overcomes the disadvantages comprising no segmented temperature control, weak corrosion resistance, low recovery rate, severe material loss and environmental pollution in the prior art, and has the advantages of segmented temperature control, high recovery rate and strong corrosion resistance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of distilling apparatus, it contributes to improving high-temperature molten salt vacuum distillation process collection rate.
Background technology
Molten salt is the molten mass of inorganic salts, and normally alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal and halide, silicate, carbonate, nitrate and phosphate form.Fuse salt is different from many character of the aqueous solution owing to having, as the stability under high temperature, the low-vapor pressure in relative broad range, low viscosity, there is the characteristic such as good electric conductivity and high thermal capacity and as the electrolyte of electroextraction metal and the fuel solvent and heat transfer medium etc. that are used as homogeneous reactor in nuclear industry.
The nuclear energy resource mainly uranium ore of present stage, because natural uranium ore content is limited, so be necessary to study other alternate resources, in case energy demand when uranium ore is not enough.Thorium is considered to a kind of potential nuclear energy resource always, although natural thorium is not fissioner, but it can absorb neutron and be transformed into fissioner U-233, its performance is suitable with current the most general fission fuel U-235, can by thermal neutron induced fission, release energy, be referred to as Th U fuel cycle.
Fusedsalt reactor (MSR) is uniquely a kind of in forth generation reactor type take liquid as the reactor of fuel, be considered to the good breeder reactor of Th U fuel cycle, its fuel salt is high temperature villiaumite, a large amount of fission products will be produced in fission reaction process, a lot of fission product has larger neutron cross section, be called as neutron toxin, continuing to run to reactor has larger inhibition.These fuel salts use and just become spentnuclear fuel after a period of time, can not continue on for having reacted.But owing to still containing more fissioner in spentnuclear fuel, therefore best bet is by processing these spentnuclear fuels, is separated the neutron toxin of fission product, and recovery fissioner and supporting electrolyte make it to re-use, thus raising fuel availability, reduce costs and reduce environmental pollution.
Wherein a kind of method processing spentnuclear fuel reclaims supporting electrolyte by distillating method.Its principle is separated according to the difference of each material relative volatility.And adopt way of distillation separation and recovery fused-salt carrier, have the features such as vapo(u)rizing temperature is high, the corrosivity of steam is strong, experiment shows that the common distilling apparatus rate of recovery is very low, about about 20%, loss of material is serious, is difficult to the distillation being applied to this type of fuse salt (villiaumite, villaumite).Market there is no use or the sale of Related product, more do not have that sectional temperature-controlled, corrosion resistance is strong, the distilling apparatus of high-recovery.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention overcomes in prior art not have that sectional temperature-controlled, corrosion resistance is strong, the rate of recovery is low, loss of material is serious and the shortcoming of contaminated environment, providing one can be sectional temperature-controlled, has high collection rate and the strong distilling apparatus of corrosion resistance.
The present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem by following technical proposals:
The invention provides a kind of distilling apparatus, it comprises a base, the distillation chamber and be arranged on this base and is arranged at the top cover of this top, distillation chamber for intake and exhaust, its feature is, this distilling apparatus also comprises one for heating the heater in this distillation chamber, it is outside that this heater is sheathed on this distillation chamber, be installed with a crucible assembly in this distillation chamber, bottom and this base in this distillation chamber are through, and are connected with a vavuum pump by this base.
Preferably, this heater is a segmented resistance furnace.
Preferably, this segmented resistance furnace comprises the vertical resistance furnace at least two two ends of connecting.
Preferably, this crucible assembly comprises the sleeve, an evaporator crucible, collection crucible and the support that are provided with a cabin in a suspension rod;
Wherein, the top in this distillation chamber is fixed in one end of this suspension rod, the other end of this suspension rod and this sleeve connection, and this evaporator crucible is arranged in this cabin, and the bottom in this cabin offers some perforates; The bottom in this distillation chamber is fixed in one end of this support, and the other end of this support is used for shelving this collection crucible, makes the lower port of this sleeve just to this collection crucible.
Preferably, this distillation chamber comprises a cylindrical alundum tube and at least two water cooling plants, and the two ends up and down of this cylindrical alundum tube are arranged with this water cooling plant at least one respectively.
Preferably, this water cooling plant is water collar.
Preferably, this distilling apparatus also comprises a valve and a filter, and this valve and this filter are connected between this base and this vavuum pump successively.
Preferably, the bulkhead thickness in this cabin is 2mm-4mm; The wall thickness of this sleeve is 0.4mm-1.2mm.
Preferably, this cabin is a circular cylindrical cavity, and the upper end of this sleeve is cylindrical and lower end is the taper having osculum, and the upper end inside thread of the outside in this cabin and this sleeve is fixed.
Preferably, this evaporator crucible is cylindrical, and this cylindrical size is less than this cabin.
Preferably, this support is provided with a knob, and this knob is for regulating the height of this support.
Preferably, this top cover is provided with an air inlet and a gas vent, and the external Pressure gauge of this top cover.
Preferably, this evaporator crucible, this cabin, this sleeve and this suspension rod are metal alloy compositions and make.
On the basis meeting this area general knowledge, above-mentioned each optimum condition, can be combined, obtain the preferred embodiments of the invention.
Positive progressive effect of the present invention is: instant invention overcomes in prior art does not have that sectional temperature-controlled, corrosion resistance is strong, collection rate is low, loss of material is serious and the shortcoming of contaminated environment.Providing one can be sectional temperature-controlled, has high collection rate and the strong distilling apparatus of corrosion resistance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the distilling apparatus in embodiments of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the generalized section in the cabin of distilling apparatus in embodiments of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the top view in the cabin of distilling apparatus in embodiments of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the generalized section of the suspension rod of distilling apparatus in embodiments of the invention.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the support of distilling apparatus in embodiments of the invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Mode below by embodiment further illustrates the present invention, but does not therefore limit the present invention among described scope of embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, one distilling apparatus, this distilling apparatus comprises a top cover 1, two water cooling plant 2, alundum tube 3, heater 4, suspension rod 5, cabin 6, evaporator crucible 7, sleeves 8, and collects crucible 9, support 10, valve 11, filter 12 and a vavuum pump 13.In the present embodiment, those water cooling plants 2 are water collar, are sheathed on the two ends up and down of this alundum tube 3 respectively; The bulkhead thickness in this cabin 6 is 3mm, and the wall thickness of this sleeve 8 is 1mm; This cabin 6, this sleeve 8 and this evaporator crucible 7 are circular cylindrical cavity, and wherein the lower end of this sleeve 8 is the taper having osculum, and the size of this evaporator crucible 7 is less than this cabin 6; This suspension rod 5, this cabin 6, this evaporator crucible 7 and this sleeve 8 are metal alloy compositions and make.
In use, be first placed on a base by this alundum tube 3, this base is communicated with this alundum tube 3, and this base is also connected with this valve 11, this filter 12 and this vavuum pump 13 successively simultaneously; Lower end and this base junction of this alundum tube 3 are provided with this water collar, for cooling the lower end of this alundum tube; Be provided with this support 10 in the bottom of this alundum tube 3, the top of this support 10 is shelved with this collection crucible 9, and this support 10 can by being arranged at knob 101(on this support 10 as Fig. 5), regulate the height of this support 10.
At overhung one crucible assembly of this collection crucible 9, this crucible assembly comprises this suspension rod 5, this cabin 6, this evaporator crucible 7 and this sleeve 8; As shown in Figure 3, this evaporator crucible 7 is arranged at the bottom 64 in this cabin 6, for holding the raw material of distillation, the bottom in this cabin 6 is provided with some perforates 63, the effect of those perforates 63 is, when the raw materials evaporate of distilling forms the gas of distillation, can discharge this cabin 6 by those perforates 63.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, this evaporator crucible 7 be made can be positioned over the bottom in this cabin 6, and the diameter of those perforates should not be greater than the diameter of this evaporator crucible 7.As shown in Figure 2, the open-topped inner side in this cabin 6 has screw thread 61, this screw thread 61 for the screw thread 51(with this suspension rod 5 as Fig. 4) be spirally connected, after being spirally connected, the open top in this cabin 6 is sealed, and now gas can only discharge this cabin 6 by those perforates 63 in this cabin 6.The outside of this cabin 6 top open part also has screw socket 62(as Fig. 2), can be spirally connected with screw and this sleeve 8 be set in outside this cabin 6 by this screw socket 62, after being spirally connected, the open top of this sleeve 8 is sealed, material now in this sleeve 8 can only discharge this sleeve 8 by the tapered opening of this sleeve 8 lower end, and because this sleeve 8 hangs on the top of this collection crucible 9, the liquid in this sleeve 8 can flow in this collection crucible 9 along the direction of this tapered opening.The top of this suspension rod 5 is provided with an aperture 52(as Fig. 4), this suspension rod 5 is connected with this top cover 1 by this aperture 52, and this crucible assembly can be hung between this top cover 1 and this collection crucible 9.This top cover 1 is positioned over the top of this alundum tube 3, and the junction between this top cover 1 and this alundum tube 3 is provided with this water collar 2.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, the good material collected in this sleeve 8 of this collection crucible 9 be made, a rational distance between this collection crucible 9 and lower ending opening of this sleeve 8, should be had.
As shown in Figure 1, this heater 4 is provided with in the periphery of this alundum tube 3, this heater 4 is the vertical resistance furnace in two ends of two series connection in the present embodiment, the middle position of the vertical resistance furnace in the two ends of two series connection is laid respectively at by adjusting this evaporator crucible 7 and this collection crucible 9, to ensure that the temperature of this evaporator crucible 7 and this collection crucible 9 is the design temperature of those resistance furnaces, ensure that experiment can be carried out at a set temperature.Wherein, superposed resistance furnace is used for heating evaporation, the resistance furnace being positioned at bottom reclaims for condensation, due in fused salt test, the melting temperature of fused salt is generally more than 400 DEG C, be not set on the barrel of this sleeve 8 for ensureing fused salt steam to form fused salt stream in lower resistance stove, need resistance furnace to heat and remain on more than fusing point 50 DEG C, be therefore positioned at the temperature general control of the resistance furnace of bottom at 400 DEG C-700 DEG C.
This top cover 1 is provided with an air inlet, a gas vent and a Pressure gauge, this air inlet connects inert gas duct, can make to keep atmosphere of inert gases in this distilling apparatus; This gas vent closes to avoid introducing this distilling apparatus of air corrosion in experimentation, keeps pressure environment certain in this distilling apparatus simultaneously.This gas vent release pressure is opened after experiment terminates.This Pressure gauge is used for the pressure of this distilling apparatus inside of real-time monitored.
In use, need the stuck sealing of this top cover 1 clip, and the porting be closed on this top cover 1, required vacuum range is set, open this vavuum pump 13 to make to reach required vacuum in this alundum tube 3, then the heating of those resistance furnaces is started by design temperature, wherein be positioned at top, namely the resistance furnace design temperature heating this evaporator crucible 7 is higher, be positioned at bottom, namely the resistance furnace temperature heating this collection crucible 9 is lower, and such laboratory sample can evaporate and condensation is collected in collection crucible, completes distillation.Can be regulated the pressure of this distilling apparatus by the aperture of this valve 11, and this filter 12 becomes solid for making uncooled steam-condensation further, prevents steam from entering this vavuum pump 13.
Although the foregoing describe the specific embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those of skill in the art that these only illustrate, protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.Those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite not deviating from principle of the present invention and essence, can make various changes or modifications to these embodiments, but these change and amendment all falls into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. a distilling apparatus, it comprises a base, the distillation chamber and be arranged on this base and is arranged at the top cover of this top, distillation chamber for intake and exhaust, it is characterized in that, this distilling apparatus also comprises one for heating the heater in this distillation chamber, it is outside that this heater is sheathed on this distillation chamber, a crucible assembly is installed with in this distillation chamber, bottom and this base in this distillation chamber are through, and be connected with a vavuum pump by this base, this crucible assembly comprises the sleeve, an evaporator crucible, collection crucible and the support that are provided with a cabin in a suspension rod; Wherein, the top in this distillation chamber is fixed in one end of this suspension rod, the other end of this suspension rod and this sleeve connection, and this evaporator crucible is arranged in this cabin, and the bottom in this cabin offers some perforates; The bottom in this distillation chamber is fixed in one end of this support, and the other end of this support is used for shelving this collection crucible, makes the lower port of this sleeve just to this collection crucible.
2. distilling apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, this heater is a segmented resistance furnace.
3. distilling apparatus as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, this segmented resistance furnace comprises the vertical resistance furnace at least two two ends of connecting.
4. distilling apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, this distillation chamber comprises a cylindrical alundum tube and at least two water cooling plants, and the two ends up and down of this cylindrical alundum tube are arranged with this water cooling plant at least one respectively.
5. distilling apparatus as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, this water cooling plant is water collar.
6. distilling apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, this distilling apparatus also comprises a valve and a filter, and this valve and this filter are connected between this base and this vavuum pump successively.
7. distilling apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the bulkhead thickness in this cabin is 2mm-4mm; The wall thickness of this sleeve is 0.4mm-1.2mm.
8. distilling apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, this cabin is a circular cylindrical cavity, and the upper end of this sleeve is cylindrical and lower end is the taper having osculum, and the upper end inside thread of the outside in this cabin and this sleeve is fixed.
9. distilling apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, this evaporator crucible is cylindrical, and this cylindrical size is less than this cabin.
10. distilling apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, this support is provided with a knob, and this knob is for regulating the height of this support.
11. distilling apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, this top cover is provided with an air inlet and a gas vent, and the external Pressure gauge of this top cover.
12. distilling apparatus as described in any one of claim 4-11, it is characterized in that, this evaporator crucible, this cabin, this sleeve and this suspension rod are metal alloy compositions and make.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310050642.8A CN103143184B (en) | 2013-02-07 | 2013-02-07 | Distillation apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310050642.8A CN103143184B (en) | 2013-02-07 | 2013-02-07 | Distillation apparatus |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103143184A CN103143184A (en) | 2013-06-12 |
| CN103143184B true CN103143184B (en) | 2014-12-24 |
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| CN201310050642.8A Active CN103143184B (en) | 2013-02-07 | 2013-02-07 | Distillation apparatus |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106902526A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2017-06-30 | 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 | High-temperature molten salt bubbling evaporating separation device, using and Separation of Cs F methods |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104138668B (en) * | 2014-07-16 | 2015-09-30 | 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 | Electromagnetic type fused salt method of evaporating |
| CN107230506A (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2017-10-03 | 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 | Fused salt distilling apparatus and method |
| EP3388539A1 (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2018-10-17 | Biotronik AG | Device and method for the production of purified, in particular high purity, magnesium |
| CN113444895B (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2023-06-30 | 核工业理化工程研究院 | Alkaline metal evaporation and filtration device and method |
| CN112891973B (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2022-09-13 | 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 | Method for reducing oxygen content in halide molten salt |
| CN114917603B (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2023-06-30 | 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 | Molten salt distillation assembly, device and method for hot chamber |
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| CN106902526A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2017-06-30 | 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 | High-temperature molten salt bubbling evaporating separation device, using and Separation of Cs F methods |
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| CN103143184A (en) | 2013-06-12 |
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