CN103131896A - Low-cost beta-close titanium alloy - Google Patents
Low-cost beta-close titanium alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN103131896A CN103131896A CN2011103927307A CN201110392730A CN103131896A CN 103131896 A CN103131896 A CN 103131896A CN 2011103927307 A CN2011103927307 A CN 2011103927307A CN 201110392730 A CN201110392730 A CN 201110392730A CN 103131896 A CN103131896 A CN 103131896A
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Abstract
The invention relates to low-cost beta-close titanium alloy which comprises, by weight, 0-3% of aluminum (Al), 4.1-5.5% of chromium (Cr), 2-3% of ferrum (Fe), 0-0.30% of boron (B), and the balance titanium, wherein a ratio of Cr to Fe is 1.6-2.3. The range of a Kbeta value of the titanium alloy is 1.0-1.4. The Kbeta computational formula is as follows: Kbeta= C1/CK1+C2/CK2+C3/CK3+...+Cn/CKn, wherein Cn is a weight percentage of an alloying element in the alloy, and Ck is critical weight percent concentration of a frequently-used beta stable element. The cost of raw materials of the alloy is lower than that of raw materials of prior titanium alloy and is three fourths that of frequently-used titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V, and the basic mechanical property of the titanium alloy equals to that of the Ti-6Al-4V.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of low-cost near β titanium alloy, belong to technical field of alloy material.
Background technology
Beta-titanium alloy has higher specific tenacity and specific rigidity, and heavy in section titanium alloy component has excellent strength and toughness and fatigue property, the advantages such as forging temperature is low, and cold forming capability is good are widely used in fields such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, naval vessel, weapons and chemical industry.Be the β stabilizing element that contains q.s one class titanium alloy of martensitic transformation occurs to the room temperature process to suppress alloy quenching beta-titanium alloy.Common β stabilizing element has V, Mo, Nb, Zr, Sn, Fe, Cr, Pd and Ta etc., and wherein the cost of the alloy elements such as Mo, V, Pd, Ta, Nb, Zr, Sn is very high, makes the material cost of beta-titanium alloy high.The yield strength of titanium alloy and elastic limit ratio are larger, and yield tensile ratio is high, and resistance to deformation and deformation resilience amount are large, plasticity is lower, and the moulding difficulty is large, and its complete processing is complicated, therefore the manufacturing cost of titanium alloy is high, has also affected titanium alloy and has used and promote to more field.
The approach that reduces at present titanium alloy manufacturing cost and use cost has two kinds: a kind of mode of production by improvement starting material (titanium sponge) reduces raw-material cost, the cheap alloy element of employing; A kind of alloy designs of improving processing characteristics is optimized the titanium alloy original structure, simplifies the complete processing of titanium alloy, the whole bag of tricks such as processing technology of optimization Ti product.The characteristics that wherein adopt cheap alloy element are to have adopted the Mo-Fe alloy with respect to Al-V alloy cheapness to reach the purpose that reduces material cost as master alloy, yet Mo remains noble element, and cost is limited; Adopt Fe, Al, Si, Cr, the resourceful elements such as N, C can reach decrease titanium alloy cost.Cr, Fe are eutectoid type beta stable element, have eutectoid transformation in Ti alloy, Ti-Al alloy, may generate Compound Phase when content is higher, cause fragility, therefore should consider aspect alloying element selection and add-on.
The judgement criteria of general low-cost titanium alloy all compares take output and the Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy of using maximum two-phases as standard in the world, and namely performance is suitable with the Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy material, contrasts its material cost.
At present, the Patents about cheap alloy element aspect comprises:
Authorizing publication number is CN 101348876B, denomination of invention is the patent of invention of " a kind of low cost high strength titanium alloy ", its technical scheme is for adopting Al-V or Fe-V master alloy, electrolysis chromium, pure titanium or titanium alloy car bits, industrial iron and titanium sponge to press design mix mixing electrode pressing, cast alloy pig with conventional vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace secondary smelting, the weight percent of alloying constituent consists of: Al:4%-6%, V:1.9%-2.9%, Cr:1%-3%, Fe:1%-3%, surplus is Ti and inevitable impurity.Tensile property after alloy thermal treatment is: tensile strength is 1000MPa-1358MPa, and yield strength is 930MPa-1270MPa, and unit elongation is 9%-18%, and relative reduction in area is 20%-50%.This alloy is compared cost with T-6Al-4V, but still contains Al-V or Fe-V master alloy in alloy, and the form that adds of chromium and iron is electrolysis chromium and industrial iron.
The mandate publication number is CN101403058B, denomination of invention is the patent of invention of " a kind of low cost alpha and beta type titan alloy ", disclosed titanium alloy component percentage ratio is by weight counted: Al:4.5-8%, Cr:0.3-3%, Fe:0.3-2%, and all the other are Ti and inevitable impurity; Also can contain Mo:0-3%, Sn:0-3% or Zr:0-3% in alloy; Wherein Cr adds with the form of aluminium chromium hardener, and Fe adds with the form of ferro-aluminum master alloy.This alloy cold rolled sheet (0.8mm) is along rolling to sampling, and room-temperature mechanical property is: tensile strength 870-1000MPa, yield strength 780-900MPa, elongation 16-31%; 0.8-2mm the room-temperature property of thick Ti-6Al-4V sheet material is tensile strength 925MPa, yield strength 870MPa, elongation＞10%; Its room-temperature mechanical property and Ti-6Al-4V are suitable.
And for example authorizing publication number is CN1962913A, denomination of invention is the patent of invention of " a kind of low-cost titanium alloy of performance-adjustable ", add eight kinds of elements such as Al, Fe, Cr, Ni, S, B, C, Mo in titanium, alloying constituent mark meter: Al:0-3.5% by weight wherein, Fe:0.3-2.0%, Cr:0.1-0.5%, the alloy mechanical property variable range is: tensile strength is 350MPa-1250MPa, unit elongation is 5%-30%, and relative reduction in area is 10%-55%; But contain price higher metal Ni and Mo in alloy, improved to a certain extent the cost of alloy.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to adopt cheap Cr-Fe alloy or fe is starting point as master alloy, a kind of low-cost titanium alloy is provided, the cost of material cost and titanium sponge is suitable, described alloy raw material cost is Ti-6Al-4V alloy 3/4～4/5, and room-temperature mechanical property and Ti-6Al-4V after annealing are suitable, and the performance of Ti-6Al-4V alloy is as shown in table 1.The cost of master alloy is as shown in table 2, and the cost of Cr-Fe master alloy is lower than the cost of the master alloys such as Mo-Fe, Al-V, and commercially available little carbon Cr-Fe master alloy composition is as shown in table 3.
The basic mechanical performance of table 1 Ti-6Al-4V alloy
Table 2 master alloy cost
The commercially available little carbon Cr-Fe master alloy composition of table 3
Low-cost near β titanium alloy of the present invention, alloying constituent be by weight percentage: Al:0～3%, Cr:4.1～5.5%, Fe:2～3%, B:0～0.30%, surplus are titanium, and wherein Cr/Fe is 1.6～2.3, preferably, Cr/Fe is 1.78～2.255, the K of described titanium alloy
βThe value scope is 1.0～1.4, K
βCalculation formula is as follows:
K
β＝C
1/C
K1+C
2/C
K2+C
3/C
K3+…+C
n/C
Kn
C
nContent for alloying element in alloy ((wt%), the threshold concentration C of beta stable element commonly used
k(wt%): Mo is that 10, Mn is that 6.4, Fe is that 5, Nb is that 36, V is that 15, Ta is that 40, Cr is that 7, Co is that 7, Cu is that 13, Ni is that 9, W is 22.It is generally acknowledged, work as K
βThe value scope is that the type of 1.0～1.4 o'clock alloys is near β titanium alloy.
In low-cost near β titanium alloy of the present invention, the content of impurity element is not higher than 0.30% (% by weight).
The present invention adopts Cr-Fe master alloy, aluminium shot, iron simple substance, titanium sponge, boron powder and/or Al-Ti-B master alloy etc. by design mix layer-by-layer distribution electrode pressing, obtains square ingot casting with the conventional vacuum consumable smelting stove secondary smelting circular ingot casting of acquisition or electron-beam cold bed furnace melting.
Fe is as the beta stable element of titanium alloy, and it is cheap, and Fe joins in the Beta titanium alloy, can accelerate its timeliness response speed, reaches aging strength peak value required time also shorter; The content of Fe easily forms " iron speck " greater than 4%, and the performance of alloy has detrimentally affect.Cr and α, β all dissolvings mutually, and have eutectoid reaction.Cr mainly plays solution strengthening effect, can put forward heavy alloyed plasticity, toughness and hardening capacity.The Cr element can also the refinement alloy as-cast microstructure, compare with Mo, the thinning effect of Cr element is apparent in view, strengthening effect also is better than the Mo element.Add B element effectively refined cast structure and hinder in the following process process growing up of crystal grain thinning in titanium alloy, thereby reduce distortion fire, the purpose that cuts down finished cost.
Alloy of the present invention can obtain relevant basic mechanical performance by following technique, and vacuum consumable smelting stove secondary smelting alloy, electron beam melting or the two kinds of meltings ingot casting that combines is forged into excellent base 1000～1100 ℃ of coggings.The rod base heats in 20～100 ℃ of scopes more than transformation temperature, then adopts rolling or forging forming method is made Φ 12mm bar.
Advantage of the present invention is: the material cost of alloy be about 3/4ths of Titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V commonly used, and basic mechanical performance is suitable with Ti-6Al-4V lower than the material cost of existing titanium alloy.And Young's modulus is low than Ti-6Al-4V, and cold-forming property is good.
The present invention will be further described below by embodiment, but and do not mean that limiting the scope of the invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
With commercially available titanium sponge, aluminium shot, the ferrochrome master alloy is by the principal constituent proportioning electrode pressing in table 4 and be welded into vacuum consumable electrode, then carries out the secondary vacuum consumable smelting and obtains ingot casting, recording transformation temperature with metallographic method is 870 ± 5 ℃.The K of this alloy as calculated
βValue is 1.102.Ingot casting forges in the above cogging of transformation temperature, and through making the bar of φ 12mm after rolling.Sampling is heat-treated to bar, carries out the room-temperature mechanical property test by the requirement of GB/T228-2002, and performance is shown in Table 5.
The formulated component of table 4 embodiment 1 interalloy
The mechanical property of bar in table 5 embodiment 1
Embodiment 2
With commercially available titanium sponge, aluminium shot, ferrochrome master alloy, Fe simple substance is by the principal constituent proportioning electrode pressing in table 6 and be welded into vacuum consumable electrode, then carries out the secondary vacuum consumable smelting and obtains ingot casting, recording transformation temperature with metallographic method is 840 ± 5 ℃.The K of this alloy as calculated
βValue is 1.228.Ingot casting forges in the above cogging of transformation temperature, and through making the bar of φ 12mm after rolling.Sampling is heat-treated to bar, carries out the room-temperature mechanical property test by the requirement of GB/T228-2002, and performance is shown in Table 7.
The formulated component of table 6 embodiment 2 interalloies
The mechanical property of bar in table 7 embodiment 2
Embodiment 3
With commercially available titanium sponge, aluminium shot, the ferrochrome master alloy is by the principal constituent proportioning electrode pressing in table 8 and be welded into vacuum consumable electrode, then carries out the secondary vacuum consumable smelting and obtains ingot casting, recording transformation temperature with metallographic method is 860 ± 5 ℃.The K of this alloy as calculated
βValue is 1.044.Ingot casting forges in the above cogging of transformation temperature, and through making the bar of φ 12mm after rolling.Sampling is heat-treated to bar, carries out the room-temperature mechanical property test by the requirement of GB/T228-2002, and performance is shown in Table 9.
The formulated component of table 8 embodiment 3 interalloies
The mechanical property of bar in table 9 embodiment 3
Embodiment 4
Commercially available titanium sponge, aluminium shot, ferrochrome master alloy, Al-Ti-B master alloy are spelled by the principal constituent proportioning in table 10 make electrode, then the electron-beam cold bed furnace melting obtains square ingot casting, and recording transformation temperature with metallographic method is 790 ± 5 ℃.The K of this alloy as calculated
βValue is 1.386.Ingot casting forges in the above cogging of transformation temperature, and through making the bar of φ 12mm after rolling.Sampling is heat-treated to bar, carries out the room-temperature mechanical property test by the requirement of GB/T228-2002, and performance is shown in Table 11.
The formulated component of table 10 embodiment 4 interalloies
The mechanical property of bar in table 11 embodiment 4
Embodiment 5
Commercially available titanium sponge, aluminium shot, ferrochrome master alloy are spelled by the principal constituent proportioning in table 12 make electrode, then the electron-beam cold bed furnace melting obtains ingot casting, and recording transformation temperature with metallographic method is 800 ± 5 ℃.The K of this alloy as calculated
βValue is 1.After ingot casting is forged into excellent base, be rolled into the bar of 12mm.Sampling is heat-treated to bar, carries out the room-temperature mechanical property test by the requirement of GB/T228-2002, and performance is shown in Table 13.
The formulated component of table 12 embodiment 5 interalloies
The mechanical property of bar in table 13 embodiment 5
Embodiment 6
With commercially available titanium sponge, the ferrochrome master alloy is by the principal constituent proportioning electrode pressing in table 14 and be welded into vacuum consumable electrode, then carries out the secondary vacuum consumable smelting and obtains ingot casting, recording transformation temperature with metallographic method is 850 ± 5 ℃.The K of this alloy as calculated
βValue is 1.074.Ingot casting forges in the above cogging of transformation temperature, and through making the bar of φ 12mm after rolling.Sampling is heat-treated to bar, carries out the room-temperature mechanical property test by the requirement of GB/T228-2002, and performance is shown in Table 15.
The formulated component of table 14 embodiment 6 interalloies
The mechanical property of bar in table 15 embodiment 6
Embodiment 7
With commercially available titanium sponge, the ferrochrome master alloy is by the principal constituent proportioning electrode pressing in table 16 and be welded into vacuum consumable electrode, then carries out the secondary vacuum consumable smelting and obtains ingot casting, recording transformation temperature with metallographic method is 860 ± 5 ℃.The K of this alloy as calculated
βValue is 1.045.Ingot casting forges in the above cogging of transformation temperature, and through making the bar of φ 12mm after rolling.Sampling is heat-treated to bar, carries out the room-temperature mechanical property test by the requirement of GB/T228-2002, and performance is shown in Table 17.
The formulated component of table 16 embodiment 7 interalloies
The mechanical property of bar in table 17 embodiment 7
Embodiment 8
Commercially available titanium sponge, aluminium shot, boron powder, ferrochrome master alloy are spelled by the principal constituent proportioning in table 18 make electrode, then the electron-beam cold bed furnace melting obtains square ingot casting, and recording transformation temperature with metallographic method is 860 ± 5 ℃.The K of this alloy as calculated
βValue is 1.045.Ingot casting forges in the above cogging of transformation temperature, and through making the bar of φ 12mm after rolling.Sampling is heat-treated to bar, carries out the room-temperature mechanical property test by the requirement of GB/T228-2002, and performance is shown in Table 19.
The formulated component of table 18 embodiment 8 interalloies
The mechanical property of bar in table 19 embodiment 8
The material cost of embodiment 1-7 alloy be about 3/4ths of Titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V commonly used, and basic mechanical performance is suitable with Ti-6Al-4V, and Young's modulus is low than Ti-6Al-4V lower than the material cost of existing titanium alloy, and cold-forming property is good.
Claims (4)
1. low-cost near β titanium alloy, alloying constituent be by weight percentage: Al:0～3%, and Cr:4.1～5.5%, Fe:2～3%, B:0～0.30%, surplus is titanium, wherein Cr/Fe is 1.6～2.3, the K of described titanium alloy
βThe value scope is 1.0～1.4, K
βCalculation formula is as follows,
K
β＝C
1/C
K1+C
2/C
K2+C
3/C
K3+…+C
n/C
Kn
C wherein
nWeight percentage for alloying element in alloy, C
kCritical weight percentage concentration for beta stable element commonly used.
2. low-cost near β titanium alloy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Cr/Fe is 1.78～2.255.
3. low-cost near β titanium alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that: contain the weight of impurity element in described alloy not higher than 0.30%.
4. the preparation method of the described low-cost near β titanium alloy of any one in claim 1-3, comprise Cr-Fe master alloy, aluminium shot, iron simple substance, titanium sponge, boron powder and/or Al-Ti-B master alloy, by alloying constituent layer-by-layer distribution electrode pressing, obtain ingot casting with vacuum consumable smelting stove secondary smelting or with the electron-beam cold bed furnace melting.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105400993A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-03-16 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | High-speed-impact-resistant and low-cost titanium alloy |
| CN105755311A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2016-07-13 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | High-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy and method for preparing same |
| CN109468491A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-03-15 | 有研工程技术研究院有限公司 | A kind of resistance to high strain rate impact high strength titanium alloy |
| CN109852845A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-06-07 | 西部钛业有限责任公司 | Tough titanium alloy of a kind of nearly β type height and preparation method thereof |
| CN110257668A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-09-20 | 西北有色金属研究院 | A kind of high-performance, low-cost titanium alloy |
| CN115537600A (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2022-12-30 | 上海交通大学 | Additive manufacturing high-strength and high-toughness beta titanium alloy material and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105755311A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2016-07-13 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | High-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy and method for preparing same |
| CN105400993A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-03-16 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | High-speed-impact-resistant and low-cost titanium alloy |
| CN105400993B (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2017-08-25 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | A kind of low-cost titanium alloy of resistance to high speed impact |
| CN109468491A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-03-15 | 有研工程技术研究院有限公司 | A kind of resistance to high strain rate impact high strength titanium alloy |
| CN109852845A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-06-07 | 西部钛业有限责任公司 | Tough titanium alloy of a kind of nearly β type height and preparation method thereof |
| CN110257668A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-09-20 | 西北有色金属研究院 | A kind of high-performance, low-cost titanium alloy |
| CN110257668B (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2021-03-26 | 西北有色金属研究院 | High-performance and low-cost titanium alloy |
| CN115537600A (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2022-12-30 | 上海交通大学 | Additive manufacturing high-strength and high-toughness beta titanium alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115537600B (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2023-10-13 | 上海交通大学 | High-strength and high-toughness beta titanium alloy material manufactured by additive and preparation method thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20190624 Address after: 101407 No. 11 Xingke East Street, Yanqi Economic Development Zone, Huairou District, Beijing Patentee after: Research Institute of engineering and Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: No. 2, Xinjie street, Xicheng District, Beijing, Beijing Patentee before: General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals |