Summary of the invention
For solving above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of retractable blade of wind-driven generator, can be according to the folding and unfolding of wind speed adjusting vane, this blade structure can change the blade wind-exposuring area easily, and then effectively regulate the wind-power electricity generation acc power, and blade body does not need to change, and has guaranteed intensity and the reliability of blade, be conducive to the stable operation of wind-driven generator, and regulate sensitive.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
a kind of retractable blade of wind-driven generator, comprise blade body 1, steady arm 2, positioning ring 3, cabin 5, wheel hub 6, twist angle of blade axle 7, hydraulic rod 8, anemoscope 9 and controller 10, described blade body 1 is movably connected on wheel hub 6 by twist angle of blade axle 7, described hydraulic rod 8 and controller 10 are electrically connected to and are arranged in cabin 5, described hydraulic rod 8 is horizontally disposed with vertically, described positioning ring 3 is sleeved on wind driven generator principal shaft and is connected with hydraulic rod and steady arm 2 one ends connections, steady arm 2 the other ends are connected connection with blade body, described anemoscope 9 is electrically connected to wheel hub 6 and controller 10.
Described positioning ring 3 is provided with 7 static stalls with the theoretical displacement of root of blade on wind driven generator principal shaft, be respectively: 2828mm, 1935mm, 1484mm, 1314mm, 1173mm, 1051mm and 942mm; The incoming flow wind speed interval that described 7 static stalls are corresponding is respectively: 0-25m/s, 25-27m/s, 27-29m/s, 29-31m/s, 31-33m/s, 33-35m/s and 35-37m/s; When displacement be 2828mm namely corresponding incoming flow wind speed is interval during for 0-25m/s, corresponding blade body 1 is 90 ° to the maximum with the wind driven generator principal shaft angle; When displacement be 942mm namely corresponding incoming flow wind speed is interval during for 35-37m/s, corresponding blade body 1 is 60 ° with wind driven generator principal shaft angle minimum; If wind speed is during greater than 37m/s, wind-driven generator still need be shut down.But, adopt this programme the cut-out wind speed (shutdown wind speed) of wind-driven generator can be brought up to 37m/s, still have great importance.
Corresponding 7 static stalls all have a plurality of positioning pin holes on wind driven generator principal shaft, be provided with the locating stud 4 that is used for stationary positioned ring 3 that is electrically connected to controller 10 in each positioning pin hole, described locating stud 4 can stretch out under the control of controller 10 Programs and the retraction wind driven generator principal shaft in.
Described locating stud 4 distributes along both sides, the residing several fixed position of positioning ring 3,4 of every sides, and same cross section is circumferentially uniform, namely arranges one every 90 °.
Working principle of the present invention is: recorded the wind speed at wheel hub 6 places by anemoscope 9, be sent to controller 10.When ambient wind velocity exceeded conventional rated wind speed (25m/s), controller 10 sent SC sigmal control hydraulic rod 8 and moves forward vertically, by the connection that positioning ring 3 is connected with steady arm, can promote blade body 1 and axially fold along wind driven generator principal shaft; When ambient wind velocity reached the corresponding interval of each gear, controller 10 was controlled positioning rings 3 and is in the interval corresponding gear positions of wind speed, until ambient wind velocity reaches 37m/s, blade of wind-driven generator reaches complete collapse state, forced stoppage.In like manner, if ambient wind velocity reduces, blade body 1 axially struts by gear gradually along wind driven generator principal shaft; When ambient wind velocity was reduced to 25m/s, blade of wind-driven generator returned to again the original state that does not fold fully.
Compared to the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
The present invention can be according to the big or small adjusting vane main body automatically of incoming flow wind speed, make it strut as umbrella or fold, control the Windward angle of blade body with this, and then the wind-exposuring area of adjusting vane, thereby enlarge the Applicable scope of the economic wind speed of wind-driven generator, improve the stability of wind-driven generator output voltage, can improve the ability that blade body bears external interference simultaneously, improve the stability of blade rotation; Adopt the present invention can reduce the energy capture of wind wheel when wind speed is excessive, enlarge the wind speed Applicable scope of wind-driven generator, strengthen simultaneously the Security of blade body.And blade body do not need to change, and guaranteed intensity and the Security of blade
It is to change the blade wind-exposuring area by the mode that blade punches, stretches and folds that tradition changes wind-driven generator wind-exposuring area mode, and not only difficulty of processing is large, transportation inconvenience, and larger to the blade body intensity effect, stress easily occurs concentrate and fracture; The present invention does not transform blade body, and blade strength and operation stability are guaranteed, advantages.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of retractable blade of wind-driven generator of the present invention, comprise blade body 1, steady arm 2, positioning ring 3, cabin 5, wheel hub 6, twist angle of blade axle 7, hydraulic rod 8, anemoscope 9 and controller 10, described blade body 1 is movably connected on wheel hub 6 by twist angle of blade axle 7, can the certain angle of axial rotation; Described hydraulic rod 8 and controller 10 are electrically connected to and are arranged in cabin 5, described hydraulic rod 8 is horizontally disposed with vertically, described positioning ring 3 is sleeved on wind driven generator principal shaft and is connected with hydraulic rod and steady arm 2 one ends connections, steady arm 2 the other ends are connected connection with blade body, positioning ring 3 promotes to move vertically by the interior hydraulic rod in cabin 58, by with the folding and unfolding of controlling blade body 1 that is connected of steady arm 2; Described anemoscope 9 is electrically connected to wheel hub 6 and controller 10, is recorded the wind speed at wheel hub 6 places by anemoscope 9, is sent to controller 10.
As shown in Figure 1, blade body 1 is in the normal position, is equivalent to the softened state of umbrella, and wind-driven generator normally moves, and at this moment, blade body 1 is 90 ° of angles with wind driven generator principal shaft.
As shown in Figure 2, when the paranormal wind speed Applicable scope of incoming flow wind speed, anemoscope 9 sends signal to controller 10, under the control of controller 10, the hydraulic rod 8 that is placed in cabin 5 axially moves forward along wind driven generator principal shaft, promotes simultaneously positioning ring 3 and moves forward, causing steady arm 2 to promote blade bodies 1 folds to direction windward, and the degree that folds determines according to the incoming flow wind speed, and namely wind speed is larger, and the degree that folds is larger.Like this, folding of blade body 1 offset wind speed and become large on power and the stable impact of wind-driven generator, so the wind-power electricity generation acc power is approximate constant, namely enlarged wind speed Applicable scope; Because the angle of blade body 1 with incoming flow wind reduces, the impact that is subject to also can reduce.In order to guarantee the stability of blade in running, positioning ring 3 is not continuous moving, but is divided into several fixed displacements.
As shown in Figure 3, be the front schematic view of the present invention under normal state and collapse state two states.
As shown in Figure 4, as the preferred embodiments of the present invention 1, according to Fig. 4 and inventive concept, contrast original state (not folding fully) and complete collapse state calculate.It is 4000mm that this example is got steady arm 2 length, and steady arm 2 is 45 ° with blade initial position and wind driven generator principal shaft angle; Described positioning ring 3 is made as X(mm with the theoretical displacement of root of blade), the blade chord length is made as R(mm), the radius windward that complete collapse state lower blade projects to the windward side is Rn(mm).Described complete collapse state refers to because the structure of blade body 1 and steady arm 2 is limit, the state that positioning ring 3 and the theoretical displacement of root of blade can reach hour.Set under complete collapse state in the present invention, blade and wind driven generator principal shaft angle are 60 °.
Under original state, wind-exposuring area is π R
2, under collapse state, wind-exposuring area is 0.75 π R fully
2, method poor according to homalographic, calculate under 7 range states, wind-exposuring area is respectively: π R
2, 0.9583 π R
2, 0.9166 π R
2, 0.8749 π R
2, 0.8332 π R
2, 0.7915 π R
2, 0.75 π R
2
Corresponding radius windward is respectively: R, 0.9926R, 0.9574R, 0.9354R, 0.9128R, 0.8897R, 0.8660R.
Calculated by geometrical relationship, corresponding positioning ring 3 is respectively with the theoretical displacement of root of blade: 2828mm, 1935mm, 1484mm, 1314mm, 1173mm, 1051mm and 942mm.
Calculated data is as shown in the table:
As shown in Figure 5, as the preferred embodiments of the present invention 2, according to Fig. 5 and inventive concept, contrast original state (not folding fully) and complete collapse state calculate.It is 4000mm that this example is still got steady arm 2 length, and steady arm and wind driven generator principal shaft angle are 30 °; Described positioning ring 3 is made as X(mm with the theoretical displacement of root of blade), the blade chord length is made as R(mm), the radius windward that complete collapse state lower blade projects to the windward side is Rn(mm).
Under original state, wind-exposuring area is π R
2, under collapse state, wind-exposuring area is 0.75 π R fully
2, method poor according to homalographic, calculate under 4 range states, wind-exposuring area is respectively: π R
2, 0.917 π R
2, 0.833 π R
2, 0.75 π R
2
Corresponding radius windward is respectively: R, 0.9576R, 0.9127R, 0.8660R.
Calculated by geometrical relationship, corresponding positioning ring 3 is respectively with the theoretical displacement of root of blade: 3464mm, 2937mm, 2742mm and 2606mm.
Calculated data is as shown in the table:
As shown in Figure 6, with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention in Fig. 41, described positioning ring 3 is provided with 7 static stalls with the theoretical displacement of root of blade on wind driven generator principal shaft, be respectively: 2828mm, 1935mm, 1484mm, 1314mm, 1173mm, 1051mm and 942mm; The incoming flow wind speed interval that described 7 static stalls are corresponding is respectively: 0-25m/s, 25-27m/s, 27-29m/s, 29-31m/s, 31-33m/s, 33-35m/s and 35-37m/s.When displacement be 2828mm namely corresponding incoming flow wind speed is interval during for 0-25m/s, corresponding blade body 1 is 90 ° to the maximum with the wind driven generator principal shaft angle; When displacement be 942mm namely corresponding incoming flow wind speed is interval during for 35-37m/s, corresponding blade body 1 is 60 ° with wind driven generator principal shaft angle minimum.Corresponding 7 static stalls all have a plurality of positioning pin holes on wind driven generator principal shaft, be provided with the locating stud 4 that is used for stationary positioned ring 3 that is electrically connected to controller 10 in each positioning pin hole, described locating stud 4 can stretch out under the control of controller 10 Programs and the retraction wind driven generator principal shaft in.In blade body 1 became the process of relative collapse state by complete softened state, blade body 1 changed to 60 ° with the angle of wind driven generator principal shaft from 90 °.
As the further preferred embodiment of the present invention, described locating stud 4 distributes along both sides, the residing several fixed position of positioning ring 3,4 of every sides, and same cross section is circumferentially uniform, namely arranges one every 90 °.after controller 10 is controlled positioning ring 3 fixed positions by hydraulic rod 8, 8 locating studs 4 that circumferentially are arranged symmetrically with along positioning ring 3 both sides send control signal by controller 10 and control it by stretching stationary positioned ring 3 in wind driven generator principal shaft, to guarantee that positioning ring 3 does not produce axial displacement, simultaneously, mutual acting in opposition due to incoming flow wind and 2 pairs of blade bodies 1 of steady arm, guaranteed the stable operation of blade body 1 in respective angles, so the stability that blade body 1 rotates has also obtained reinforcement, in like manner, before positioning ring 3 begins action, at first 8 locating studs are retracted in wind driven generator principal shaft, positioning ring 3 and locating stud 4 synchronization motions.When wind speed surpassed conventional cut-out wind speed (cut-out wind speed of using the art of this patent is promoted to 37m/s), controller 10 sent signal to locking device, the wind-driven generator forced stoppage.In like manner, when wind speed reduced gradually, blade body 1 strutted as umbrella, still oppositely strutted by the former path that folds, and along with further reducing of wind speed, positioning ring 3 moves in turn by above-mentioned displacement, until blade body 1 struts to initial position.Like this, when ambient wind velocity less than 25(m/s) time, wind-driven generator has returned to again normal range of operation.
As shown in Figure 7, be the graph of a relation of the theoretical displacement of incoming flow wind speed of the present invention and positioning ring and root of blade, positioning ring and the displacement of root of blade theory are respectively incoming flow wind speed interval corresponding to 2828mm, 1935mm, 1484mm, 1314mm, 1173mm, 1051mm and 942mm and are respectively: 0-25m/s, 25-27m/s, 27-29m/s, 29-31m/s, 31-33m/s, 33-35m/s and 35-37m/s.