CN103122500A - Split composite fiber and ultrafine fiber fabric manufactured from same - Google Patents
Split composite fiber and ultrafine fiber fabric manufactured from same Download PDFInfo
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- CN103122500A CN103122500A CN2011103670957A CN201110367095A CN103122500A CN 103122500 A CN103122500 A CN 103122500A CN 2011103670957 A CN2011103670957 A CN 2011103670957A CN 201110367095 A CN201110367095 A CN 201110367095A CN 103122500 A CN103122500 A CN 103122500A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a split composite fiber which comprises fatty polyamide and modified copolyester. The fatty polyamide is used as a first component, the modified copolyester is used as a second component, the weight ratio of the first component to the second component ranges from 80%:20% to 20%:80%, the second component is distributed on the cross section of a composite fiber in a continuous phase manner and divides the first component, and the first component is distributed on the cross section of the composite fiber in a discontinuous phase manner. The split composite fiber has the advantages that the fatty polyamide and the modified copolyester are subjected to composite spinning to obtain the split composite fiber, and can sufficiently peeled off after a fabric manufactured from the split composite fiber is subjected to aqueous alkali de-weighting treatment, so that the ultrafine fiber fabric can be obtained, and the ultrafine fiber fabric has wicking and quick-dry properties and feels soft.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Splittable conjugate fiber and reach by its superfine fibre that makes, particularly a kind of polyester-nylon complex fiber reaches by its Superfine Fibre Fabric that makes.
Background technology
Along with the exploitation of various superfine fibres, the demand of the purposes such as senior braided fabric, high quality artificial leather is expanded rapidly but in recent years.For example, by the Splittable conjugate fiber that polyamide and polyester form, after physical or chemical treatment, two components can be cut apart, and the fine count fiber after cutting apart is because diameter is very little, so its bending stiffness is very little, and sag is large, fiber feel particularly soft; The specific area of fine count fiber is very large, so the spreadability of its fabric, bulkiness and warmth retention property are significantly improved; Pulp freeness is large, and the number of times that contacts with dust or greasy dirt is more, and greasy dirt is more from the chance of gap infiltration between fiber surface, therefore has extremely strong cleaning function; Fine count fiber is made the close fabric of superelevation, and interfibrous space is between drop diameter and water vapour diameter of droplets, so ultra-fine fabrics has the water-proof air-permeable effect.
This Splittable conjugate fiber that is made of polyamide and polyester is all to adopt the polyamide continuous distributed usually, the divided complex method of polyester, then cut apart after subtracting solution-treated, as the record in patent documentation 1～4.But, the composite fibre of this complex method, when the aqueous slkali decrement treatment, because the polyester major part is exposed to the surface, it is after the alkali decrement treatment, and the intensity aspect has significantly and descends, thus the intensity that impact arranges.
On the other hand, Splittable conjugate fiber adopts polyamide and polymer a kind of and that its compatibility is poor to carry out compound mostly, is generally polyester or polyolefin etc.As having mentioned employing polyamide and polyolefin to carry out in document 5.Yet the Splittable fiber that polyolefin or conventional polyester and polyamide are compound, its property cut apart is general, needs to rely on stronger alkali treatment condition.
Patent documentation 1: Japanese kokai publication hei 8-81832
Patent documentation 2: No. the 4027537th, Japan's special permission
Patent documentation 3: Japanese kokai publication hei 7-189037
Patent documentation 4:CN200810249642.X
Patent documentation 5:CN200880012368.2
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the ultra-fine very thin dawn fabric of a kind of Splittable conjugate fiber that is easy to cut apart and soft, water-absorbing fast-drying, gloss excellence.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: by consisting of Splittable conjugate fiber as the fatty polyamide of the first component with as the modified copolyester of second component, the percentage by weight of the first component and second component is 80%: 20%～20%: 80%; Second component is terephthalic acid (TPA), ethylene glycol, the aromatic diacid except terephthalic acid (TPA) and the formed copolymer of aromatic diol, and the content of described aromatic diacid except terephthalic acid (TPA) is 5～10mol% of whole diacid composition total amounts in the second component copolyesters;
Second component distributes and the first component is cut apart with continuous phase on the cross section of composite fibre; The first component distributes with discontinuous phase on the composite fibre cross section, and satisfies following formula,
2≤N≤16 (I)
60％≤A≤95％ (II)
In formula, N is illustrated in the discontinuously arranged number of the first component on the composite fibre cross section, and A is illustrated in the ratio that the shared length of the first component on the composite fibre section girth accounts for whole section girth.
Wherein, the discontinuously arranged number N of the first component fatty polyamide is 2≤N≤16, and preferred 2≤N≤8 most preferably are 2≤N≤6.When N=2, this Splittable conjugate fiber is two to cut apart silk, under discharge-amount and the certain condition of compound ratio, this moment, fibre-forming polymer equivalent fiber number was the highest, the spinneret design cost is also lower, if but will obtain fibre-forming polymer than the low equivalent fiber number time, must reduce the discharge-amount of two kinds of polymer, thereby the increase of the number that causes breaking end causes spinning situation variation.Therefore the fibre-forming polymer than the low equivalent fiber number to be obtained, fibre-forming polymer discontinuously arranged number on cross section can be suitably improved, the numerical value of N namely, N numerical value is higher, and fibre-forming polymer equivalent fiber number is lower.N＞16 o'clock, spinnerets make difficulty, cost sharply rises, and hold fine performance also can to some extent obviously descend when post-processed.Therefore it is the most suitable between most preferably N is controlled at 2～6.
The A value can change with the variation of compound ratio, and the N value is fixing, total two component discharge-amounts are fixed, heightens the compound ratio of polyamide and copolyesters, A value rising.The too high meeting of A value causes this Splittable fiber to be difficult to out fibre in rear processing alkali decrement process, and the too low copolyesters of A value filament number improves, thereby the flexibility of fabric integer is reduced.
The percentage by weight of the first component fatty polyamide and second component copolyesters is 80%: 20%～20%: 80%, preferred 80%: 20%～40%: 60%, and most preferably 80%: 20%～60%: 40%.When the percentage by weight of the modified copolyester of continuous distributed surpasses 80%, its filament number of finally holding after fibre can surpass 1dtex.Otherwise when the percentage by weight of divided discontinuously arranged fatty polyamide surpasses 80%, the filament number of holding after fibre can improve, the whole gentle right property of impact.Consider out fine after both filament number, the present invention most preferably percentage by weight of polyamide and copolyesters is most preferably 80%: 20%～60%: 40%.
As the fatty polyamide of the first component, can enumerate known fiber formative polyamide, be specifically as follows nylon 6, nylon 66, NYLON610, nylon 1010 etc., as long as can form fiber, the molecular weight of this fatty polyamide is not particularly limited.Wherein nylon 6 in fiber side and be most widely used, favourable on cost, preferably used in the present invention.
As the modified copolyester of second component, the principal monomer of this copolyesters is terephthalic acid (TPA) and ethylene glycol, and its comonomer is aromatic diacid and aromatic diol except terephthalic acid (TPA).Wherein, aromatic diacid can be phthalic acid, M-phthalic acid, 2,6-naphthoic acid, 2, any one in 7-naphthoic acid or Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-naphthoic acid.Aromatic diol is compound as shown in Equation 1,
In formula 1, R
1, R
2That carbon number is 1～3 alkyl.And this aromatic diol content is 2～6mol% of whole diacid composition total amounts in the second component copolyesters,
Splittable conjugate fiber is formed fabric, after fabric process aqueous slkali decrement treatment, thereby two components are fully peeled off and are formed Superfine Fibre Fabric, have the blended fiber of polyamide and modified copolyester in fabric, filament number is below 1dtex, and section configuration is special-shaped section.Preferred filament number is 0.1～1.0dtex.Fiber number is excessive, can not embody the fine denier filament effect of fiber, and fiber number is too low, and is higher to the spinning condition requirement, is not suitable for large-scale production.
After the alkali decrement treatment, the composite fibre in fabric is split to form the blended fiber of polyamide and modified copolyester.The first component polyamide carries out discontinuous distribution with ellipse or triangle on fiber cross section.
The composite spinneret that the present invention adopts can cut fine and cut fibre more for two, cuts how much looking spinnerets cost of manufacture and filament number requirement and changing of fine number.
The manufacture method of fiber of the present invention, be specially the first component and second component all are dried to below moisture 100ppm, send into respectively A and the melting of B screw rod, pass through measuring pump, through the composite spinneret extrusion molding, it is 250～320 ℃ at spinning temperature, speed is to coil into silk under the condition of 3500～6000m/min, in the Splittable conjugate fiber that the process composite spinneret makes, the first component is presented as discontinuous distribution on the monofilament cross section, second component is presented as continuous distributed on the monofilament cross section, and satisfies following formula
2≤N≤16 (I)
60％≤A≤95％ (II)
In formula, N is illustrated in the discontinuously arranged number of the first component on cross section, and A is illustrated in the ratio that the shared length of the first component on section girth accounts for whole section girth.
It is next footwork spinning fully oriented filament of condition of 3500～6000m/min at spinning speed, setting a heat roller temperature is 70～100 ℃, two heat roller temperatures are 110～180 ℃, and between two hot-rollings, extension ratio is 1.20～3.00, and specifically setting numerical value needs to decide according to desired physical property of cutting fibril.And then carrying out false twisting processing, the process velocity of false twist yarn is that 300～700m/min, processing temperature are that 110～200 ℃, extension ratio are 1.20～3.00, makes stretch textured yarn.
Advantage of the present invention is: fiber precursor adopts composite spinning technology, minute comb difficulty that the Direct Spinning fine count fiber causes, the shortcoming that slivering is difficult and formation yarn nep is high have been eliminated, simultaneously lower for the requirement of the making of spinnerets and lateral blowing, be fit to that existing spinning machine carries out extensive spinning and not needs it is transformed.
In addition, what the present invention adopted is the modified copolyester continuous distributed, the divided complex method of polyamide, this composite fibre are when carrying out the alkali decrement treatment, and the fiber surface overwhelming majority is polyamide, yet the alkali resistance of well-known polyamide is good more than polyester, obvious intensity can not occur and descend in this processing procedure, and on the other hand, be exposed to fiber surface because modified copolyester only has minority, when the alkali decrement treatment, can greatly reduce the impact that it is subjected to the aqueous slkali decrement.
Specifically, the present invention has adopted a kind of copolyesters that differs greatly with shrinkage polyamide as composite parts, and when the heat treatment of alkali decrement, its thermal contraction is poor can be so that fiber produces the good fine effect of opening.
Composite fibre in the present invention carries out the rear alkali decrement of fabric processing, the decrement process is easy to carry out, after its decrement, to open fibre on the cross section good for fiber two components, and because the second component copolyesters is continuous distributed on the composite fibre cross section, that is to say, it is Multiblade abnormity filament after opening fibre, and this filamentary fiber number is below 1.0dtex.Fabric after the alkali decrement treatment, its water imbibition can reach the equal above level of cotton fiber, and fabric feeling is very soft simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the present invention three cuts the yarn composite fiber sectional view.
Fig. 2 is that the present invention three cuts the superfine fibre sectional view of yarn composite fiber fabric after the alkali decrement treatment.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with the specific embodiment.
Value in following embodiment is to adopt following method to measure.
(1) water imbibition
Adopt the ascending method in JIS L1907:2010 standard to measure.
(2) rapid-drying properties (evaporation rate)
On the cloth specimen of unit are, splash into the M1 that weighs immediately after 0.1ml water, then cloth specimen is placed on air dry in standard environment (20 ℃ of temperature, humidity 65%), M2 again weighs after 60min.
Evaporation rate (%)=(M1-M2)/0.1
(3) flexibility (B value)
To test cloth specimen and be cut into 20cm * 20cm size, and measure on the KAWABATAS EVALUATION SYSTEM-2 equipment that " TATO TEKKO CO., LTD " produces, the bending stiffness B value that it records is characterized by the flexibility of cloth specimen.The B value is less, and its flexibility is better.
(4) open fine rate
Extract this Splittable fiber from the fabric that makes, clap and get section.Wherein divided and peel off the nylon polymer number, the ratio of the number that is stripped from fully with nylon is out fine rate.For example, the 3 Splittable fibers in 36 holes, the number of wherein peeling off fully is 100, the number that nylon is stripped from fully should be 36 * 3=108,
Open fine rate (%)=(100/108) * 100=92.6
Following examples should not regarded limitation of the present invention as.
Embodiment 1
With moisture after drying less than the high retraction polyester chip of 100ppm and nylon 6 slice by screw extruder, make it molten condition, flow into measuring pump, be pressed into after accurate-metering and spue into silk in assembly.High retraction polyester chip and nylon 6 slice be melting under 275 ℃ and 255 ℃ of conditions respectively, cuts apart spinnerets through 36 holes three of particular design and spues into silk.Its nylon 6 is 60: 40 with the compound ratio of high-contraction polyester, coiling speed is 4000m/min, the first heat roller temperature is 70 ℃, the second heat roller temperature is 160 ℃, multiplying power between the first hot-rolling and the second hot-rolling is 1.5, the fiber number of the precursor that spins is 56.0dtex, and high-contraction polyester shows as continuous distributed on the precursor cross section, and nylon 6 shows as divided 3 discontinuously arranged states.
The comonomer of high-contraction polyester is respectively the compound shown in M-phthalic acid and formula 2, wherein, M-phthalic acid accounts for the 7.1mol% of whole diacid composition total amounts in high-contraction polyester, and compound shown in formula 2 accounts for the 4.4mol% of whole diacid composition total amounts in high-contraction polyester.
Precursor is carried out false twisting processing, 150 ℃ of heater temperatures, coiling speed 500m/min, stretching ratio 1.1.
At 90 ℃, under 2%NaOH concentration, the fabric that is made into by above-mentioned Splittable fiber is carried out decrement, after decrement 10min, take out and clean and drying, reduction rate is 6.3%; The fine rate of opening of fiber is 95%, and the moisture of the water absorption of fabrics unit interval after decrement is climbed and is that 99mm, rapid-curing cutback evaporation rate are 97%, and pliability B value is 0.0114cm
2/ cm, concrete numerical value sees Table 1.
Embodiment 2
Except the compound ratio of nylon 6 with high-contraction polyester is adjusted into 80: 20, other conditions are identical with embodiment 1.The concrete data of result after the fabric decrement that is made by this fiber see Table 1.
Embodiment 3
Except the compound ratio of nylon 6 with high-contraction polyester is adjusted into 40: 60, other conditions are identical with embodiment 1.The concrete data of result after the fabric decrement that is made by this fiber see Table 1.
Embodiment 4
Except the compound ratio of nylon 6 with high-contraction polyester is adjusted into 20: 80, other conditions are identical with embodiment 1.The concrete data of result after the fabric decrement that is made by this fiber see Table 1.
Embodiment 5
Except the mouth gold that adopts is that 36 hole 8 Splittable spinneretss, other conditions are identical with embodiment 1.The concrete data of result after the fabric decrement that is made by this fiber see Table 2.
Embodiment 6
Except the mouth gold that adopts is that 36 hole 16 Splittable spinneretss, other conditions are identical with embodiment 1.The concrete data of result after the fabric decrement that is made by this fiber see Table 2.
Comparative example 1
Except the compound ratio of nylon 6 with high-contraction polyester changes to 90: 10, other conditions are identical with embodiment 1.The concrete data of result after the fabric decrement that is made by this fiber see Table 2.
Comparative example 2
Except polyester changed to common polyethylene terephthalate, other conditions and embodiment 1 were same.The concrete data of result after the fabric decrement that is made by this fiber see Table 2.
Table 1
Table 2
Claims (6)
1. Splittable conjugate fiber is characterized in that: this fiber is by consisting of as the fatty polyamide of the first component with as the modified copolyester of second component, and the percentage by weight of the first component and second component is 80%: 20%～20%: 80%; Second component is terephthalic acid (TPA), ethylene glycol, the aromatic diacid except terephthalic acid (TPA) and the formed copolymer of aromatic diol, and the content of described aromatic diacid except terephthalic acid (TPA) is 5～10mol% of whole diacid composition total amounts in the second component copolyesters;
Second component distributes and the first component is cut apart with continuous phase on the cross section of composite fibre; The first component distributes with discontinuous phase on the composite fibre cross section, and satisfies following formula,
2≤N≤16 (I)
60％≤A≤95％ (II)
In formula, N is illustrated in the discontinuously arranged number of the first component on the composite fibre cross section, and A is illustrated in the ratio that the shared length of the first component on the composite fibre section girth accounts for whole section girth.
2. Splittable conjugate fiber according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described aromatic diol is as shown in Equation 1 compound, and this aromatic diol content is whole 2～6mol% of diacid composition total amounts in the second component copolyesters,
In formula 1, R
1, R
2That carbon number is 1～3 alkyl.
3. described Splittable conjugate fiber according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the percentage by weight of the first component and second component is 80%: 20%～50%: 50%.
4. described Splittable conjugate fiber according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described N is 2≤N≤8.
5. Superfine Fibre Fabric, it is characterized in that: form fabric by Splittable conjugate fiber claimed in claim 1, after fabric process aqueous slkali decrement treatment, thereby two components are fully peeled off and are formed Superfine Fibre Fabric, there is the blended fiber of polyamide and modified copolyester in fabric, filament number is below 1dtex, and section configuration is special-shaped section.
6. Superfine Fibre Fabric according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the section configuration of the polyamide in fabric is flat pattern or triangle.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104005169A (en) * | 2013-06-14 | 2014-08-27 | 营口三鑫合纤有限公司 | Polyester/polyamide composite superfine fiber high-density dust-free cloth and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN104018246A (en) * | 2013-06-14 | 2014-09-03 | 营口三鑫合纤有限公司 | Preparation method of polyester composited superfine fibers with ultrahigh shrinking percentage |
| CN104975362A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-10-14 | 苏州龙杰特种纤维股份有限公司 | Polyamide high-contraction composite split-lobe type fully drawn yarn and preparation method thereof |
| CN105696111A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2016-06-22 | 东丽纤维研究所（中国）有限公司 | Light weight type thermal insulation long fiber, and fabric |
| CN109385679A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-26 | 吴江精美峰实业有限公司 | Composite spinning box and its composite spinning method |
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| CN101215734A (en) * | 2008-01-21 | 2008-07-09 | 张家港保税区长江塑化有限公司 | Island type polyamide 6 fibre and preparing method thereof |
| CN101457413A (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2009-06-17 | 邢立华 | Deep dye type polyester-nylon composite superfine fiber and manufacture method |
| CN101748512A (en) * | 2008-12-10 | 2010-06-23 | 东丽纤维研究所（中国）有限公司 | Polyester composite fiber and method for producing same |
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- 2011-11-18 CN CN201110367095.7A patent/CN103122500B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101215734A (en) * | 2008-01-21 | 2008-07-09 | 张家港保税区长江塑化有限公司 | Island type polyamide 6 fibre and preparing method thereof |
| CN101748512A (en) * | 2008-12-10 | 2010-06-23 | 东丽纤维研究所（中国）有限公司 | Polyester composite fiber and method for producing same |
| CN101457413A (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2009-06-17 | 邢立华 | Deep dye type polyester-nylon composite superfine fiber and manufacture method |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104005169A (en) * | 2013-06-14 | 2014-08-27 | 营口三鑫合纤有限公司 | Polyester/polyamide composite superfine fiber high-density dust-free cloth and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN104018246A (en) * | 2013-06-14 | 2014-09-03 | 营口三鑫合纤有限公司 | Preparation method of polyester composited superfine fibers with ultrahigh shrinking percentage |
| CN104005169B (en) * | 2013-06-14 | 2016-01-13 | 营口三鑫合纤有限公司 | A kind of polyester-nylon composite superfine fibre high density non-dust cloth and preparation method thereof |
| CN105696111A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2016-06-22 | 东丽纤维研究所（中国）有限公司 | Light weight type thermal insulation long fiber, and fabric |
| CN104975362A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-10-14 | 苏州龙杰特种纤维股份有限公司 | Polyamide high-contraction composite split-lobe type fully drawn yarn and preparation method thereof |
| CN109385679A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-26 | 吴江精美峰实业有限公司 | Composite spinning box and its composite spinning method |
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