CN103119134A - Gasification reactor and process - Google Patents

Gasification reactor and process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103119134A
CN103119134A CN2011800455815A CN201180045581A CN103119134A CN 103119134 A CN103119134 A CN 103119134A CN 2011800455815 A CN2011800455815 A CN 2011800455815A CN 201180045581 A CN201180045581 A CN 201180045581A CN 103119134 A CN103119134 A CN 103119134A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
section
reactor
skirt section
chamber
skirt
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN2011800455815A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
T·P·冯科萨克格洛切维斯基
J·帕彭迪克
H·C·图尔
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Original Assignee
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV filed Critical Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Publication of CN103119134A publication Critical patent/CN103119134A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/485—Entrained flow gasifiers
    • C10J3/487—Swirling or cyclonic gasifiers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/52—Ash-removing devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/52—Ash-removing devices
    • C10J3/526—Ash-removing devices for entrained flow gasifiers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
    • C10J3/76—Water jackets; Steam boiler-jackets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
    • C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
    • F28G7/00—Cleaning by vibration or pressure waves
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/09—Mechanical details of gasifiers not otherwise provided for, e.g. sealing means

Abstract

A gasification process and reactor (1) for the production of syngas by gasification of a carbonaceous feed. The gasification reactor comprises a pressure vessel (3) encasing a gasifier unit (2) with a reactor chamber (2A) having its lower end opening into an open-ended skirt portion (2B) arranged above a slag collection bath (7). The skirt portion (2B) is arranged within the impacting scope of one or more rappers (15).

Description

Gasifying reactor and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly by making gasifying reactor and the method for carbon raw material gasification production of synthetic gas in next life, wherein, described gasifying reactor comprises the pressurized vessel of encapsulation gasifier unit and slag receiving tank.
Background technology
By making carbon raw material (such as coal dust) gasification production of synthetic gas body in next life or synthetic gas.Carbon raw material in gasifier unit by extending to a plurality of burners in gasifier and partially oxidized.The synthetic gas of producing contains as the slag particles of byproduct and flying dust.The downward eddying motion of slag particles is in the slag receiving tank, and this slag receiving tank usually is equipped with water and is provided with for the outlet of removing the water used and collected slag.The part of slag particles forms settling on the inner wall surface of gasifier unit.If the slag caking is enough large and heavy, they drop in the slag receiving tank.
Have been found that at least the coal for some types, the slag caking may become very large and reach and make them can't be by the degree of slag receiving tank outlet before they drop in the slag receiving tank.In some cases, even block outlet, thereby must make reactor down-time.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to reduce to make the risk that the outlet of slag receiving tank stops up and gasifying reactor can be used for the more coal of wide region type.
This purpose is utilized and is a kind ofly realized by the gasifying reactor that makes carbon raw material gasification production of synthetic gas in next life, wherein, this gasifying reactor comprises the pressurized vessel that encapsulates gasifier unit, described gasifier unit has chamber of the reactor, the skirt section of open-ended is led in the bottom of described chamber of the reactor, described skirt section is arranged in above the slag receiving tank, and wherein said skirt section is arranged in the impingement area of one or more knockers.
Up to now, knocker be generally used for removing not can self falling dirt.In this case, remove for slag, do not need knocker, this is because the slag deposition thing can fall from the skirt section under their self gravitation effect.Yet, having been found that now by using one or more knockers, the size of slag deposition thing can be controlled and be kept enough little of to prevent the obstruction of slag receiving tank discharge outlet.Like this, gasifying reactor can be used for the more carbon raw material of wide region type, comprises the coal that produces high slag content type.
The skirt section can for example have the narrow upper section section section that narrows down along direction from bottom to top, and wherein, the wider portion in skirt section is positioned to towards molten slag groove.Such section section forms the position that is particularly suitable for knocking, and this is because maximum slag deposition thing has been collected at the internal surface place in this position.Alternately or additionally, the skirt section can comprise the bottom section section of tubulose (for example, round shape), and described bottom section section is arranged in the impingement area of one or more knockers.
Alternatively, top section's section in skirt section and/or other parts can be made of the parallel main coolant pipe that interconnects to form the resistance to air loss barrier film.Refrigerant can be for example water.By making surface cool, collect from the teeth outwards more slag particles.As a result, the slag content in synthetic gas significantly reduces.In an alternative embodiment, the skirt section can for example completely or partially be made by one or more plate, and this skirt section comprises the outside surface that is provided with one or more coolant passage.
In order to strengthen and protect the zone that is impacted in skirt section, chopping block can be arranged on the outside surface in skirt section, in the impingement area of one or more knockers.
Knocker can for example extend through the wall of pressurized vessel.This has improved the accessibility of knocker being carried out maintenance.
Knocker for example can comprise: housing, and described housing extends from the outside surface of pressurized vessel; Drop bar, described drop bar have end being supported slidably by the opening in housing and an end that contacts chopping block; And the percussion device that can activate, described percussion device has hammer head, and described hammer head consistently moves with drop bar between distal position and impingement position, and described distal position is apart from drop bar one distance, in described impingement position, described hammer head clashes into described drop bar.Suitable knocker is for example disclosed knocker type in WO2010/063752 or WO2010/063755.
Alternatively, the skirt section can be provided with refractory liner, but in order to improve the shock resistance to knocker, can omit refractory liner.
Usually, it is rotational symmetric that the skirt section is shown as, and for example, has columnar bottom section's section and conical top section section, still, if desired, also can use other suitable tubular structure.The top section section in skirt section can be conical, and perhaps, if desired, it can have other geometrical shape that narrows down.
One or more knockers can be activated and knock with desired frequency.Frequency is higher, and less slag particles drops in the slag receiving tank.
Description of drawings
To one exemplary embodiment of the present invention be described by the reference accompanying drawing now, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1: schematically show the longitudinal cross-section according to gasifying reactor of the present invention;
Fig. 2: the detail section that shows the knocker of the reactor in Fig. 1.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 shows for by making the gasifying reactor 1 of carbon raw material (particularly coal dust) partial combustion production of synthetic gas in next life.Gasifying reactor 1 is included in the gasifier unit 2 in the elongated pressurized vessel 3 that is vertically oriented.Gasifier unit 2 comprises the 2A of chamber of the reactor and skirt section 2B.The 2A of chamber of the reactor has: narrow to the bottom 4 of opening 5 downwards, described openings is to the space that is surrounded by skirt section 2B; With open upper end 6, described upper end forms the outlet of synthetic gas, and described synthetic gas can be further transported to for example water cooler.The upper conical portion section section 9 that skirt section 2B comprises the cylindrical lower part section section 8 that is arranged in slag receiving tank 7 tops and narrows down along direction from bottom to top, thereby surround opening 5, the upper end that makes upper conical portion section section 9 is being compared narrower with the tie point place of the 2A of chamber of the reactor bottom with the base portion office in upper conical portion section section 9.
Skirt section 2B by the pipeline 34(of coiled coil referring to Fig. 2) consist of, described pipeline is for delivery of the cooling fluid such as water.Pipeline 34 interconnects to form the resistance to air loss barrier film.In an alternative embodiment, the skirt section can be made by one or more plate, and described one or more plate comprises coolant passage on its outer surface.
Molten slag groove 7 comprises cylindrical shell 11, this cylindrical shell encapsulation conical funnel 12, and this conical funnel narrows down towards slag discharge mouth 13 downwards.
In the embodiment shown in the figures, skirt section 2B is not provided with refractory liner.Yet, in other embodiments, if desired, can use refractory liner.
A plurality of burners 14 extend in the 2A of chamber of the reactor, for the mixture of giving coal dust, oxygen and steam.This mixture is lighted and partial combustion, thereby produces synthesis gas or synthetic gas and generation as slag and the flying dust of by product.Synthetic gas upwards flows towards opening 6.The new synthetic gas that produces comprises slag particles.Larger and heavier part drops in slag receiving tank 7.The part of hot synthesis gas via the downward eddying motion of opening 5 to the space that is surrounded by skirt section 2B.This forms turbulent flow in the 2B of skirt section.The cylindrical part section 8 of skirt section 2B and upper conical portion section section 9 are cooling by liquid coolant, and described liquid coolant cycles through the pipeline that forms skirt section 2B.Flow along cooling surface 8,9 at the space inside vortex motion synthetic gas that is surrounded by skirt section 2B.Synthetic gas cools down, and the settling of the slag particles that solidifies is stayed on the cooling barrier film (membrane) of skirt section 2B.In case it is enough heavy that settling has become, they drop to slag receiving tank 7 from the cooling barrier film of skirt section 2B.In order to remove collected slag, regularly empty slag receiving tank 7 by opening molten slag discharge outlet 13.
In order to prevent that the slag deposition thing from becoming too large before falling, the upper conical portion section section 9 of skirt section 2B is clashed into by knocker 15, and this knocker illustrates in greater detail in Fig. 2.In an alternative embodiment, knocker 15 can for example clash into the cylindrical part section 8 of skirt section 2B.The knocker 15 that clashes into upper conical portion section section 9 can also be combined with the knocker that clashes into cylindrical part section 8.
Knocker 15 extends through the wall of pressurized vessel 3.Knocker 15 comprises percussion device 16, and this percussion device is connected to the housing 17 on pressurized vessel 3 walls.This housing 17 comprises the first flanged cabin 18 that branches out from the wall of pressurized vessel 3.Cabin 18 comprises the flange 19 that is connected to top flange 20, and this top flange limits the access portal 21 for drop bar 22.Columnar distance piece 23 and access portal 21 alinements.Distance piece 23 carrying percussion devices 16, this percussion device has hammer head 24, this hammer head and drop bar 22 alinements and relative with the free end 25 of drop bar 22.
Near the trochoidal surface of the top of skirt section 2B section section 9, drop bar 22 comprises the end 26 that engages with chopping block 27.Chopping block 27 has: a side 27A who follows the outside surface of skirt section 2B; With the opposite flank 27B with the vertical tabular surface that engages with the end 26 of drop bar 19.
Drop bar 22 is advanced and is passed the interior round shape bracing member 28 of pressurized vessel 3.An end of described cylindrical bearing member 28 is by end wall 29 sealings with central opening 30, and drop bar 22 is bearing in this central opening slidably.The second relative end of round shape support component 28 is connected to top flange 20 with air tight manner.
Round shape bracing member 28 surrounds internal space 31, and this internal space opening is connected to sealed gas supply passageway 32, and sealing gas supply passageway is operably connected to sealed gas feedway 33.In order to prevent that heat, inflammable and virose synthetic gas from leaking by access portal 30, the sealed gas (such as nitrogen) of inertia is blown in the internal space 31 of round shape bracing member 28.Pressure in pressurized vessel 3 is apparently higher than normal atmosphere.As a result, apply reactive force so that it is released pressurized vessel 3 via access portal 21 on drop bar 22.In order to compensate this reactive force, sealed gas is depressed in mistake supplied to round shape bracing member 28, thereby produce reactive force on drop bar 22.This overvoltage can be so that drop bar 22 be pressed against on chopping block 27 tightly.
Percussion device 16 can activated to knock, and wherein the striking head 24 of percussion device is applied to certain impact force on the end of drop bar 22.Drop bar 22 is delivered to upper conical portion section section 9 with bump stroke via chopping block 27.Bump stroke fluffs the slag deposition thing, and this slag deposition thing drops in slag receiving tank 7.
In the embodiment shown in the figures, only show a knocker 15.But, if desired, can use more than one knocker 15.

Claims (11)

1. one kind is used for by making the gasifying reactor (1) of carbon raw material gasification production of synthetic gas in next life, wherein, described gasifying reactor comprises the pressurized vessel (3) of encapsulation gasifier unit (2), described gasifier unit has chamber of the reactor (2A), the skirt section (2B) of open-ended is led in the bottom of described chamber of the reactor, described skirt section is arranged in above slag receiving tank (7), described skirt section (2B) comprises top section's section (9), described top section section is connected to the bottom of chamber of the reactor (2A), the narrow top ends of described top section's section (9) is being compared narrower with the tie point place of the bottom of chamber of the reactor (2A) with the base portion office in top section's section (9), one or more knocker chopping block (27) is arranged on the outer surface of top section's section (9), in the impingement area of one of one or more knockers (15).
2. gasifying reactor according to claim 1, wherein, described skirt section comprises the tubular lower section's section (8) in the impingement area that is arranged on described one or more knocker (15).
3. gasifying reactor according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, the section's section of top at least (9) of described skirt section (2B) is made of the parallel main coolant pipe that interconnects to form the resistance to air loss barrier film.
4. according to the described gasifying reactor of any one in aforementioned claim, wherein, described skirt section is made by one or more plate at least in part, and described skirt section comprises the outside surface that is provided with one or more coolant passage.
5. according to the described gasifying reactor of any one in aforementioned claim, wherein, described one or more knockers (15) extend through the wall of described pressurized vessel (3).
6. according to the described gasifying reactor of any one in aforementioned claim, wherein, at least a portion of described knocker comprises: housing (17), and described housing extends from the surface of pressurized vessel (3); Drop bar (22), described drop bar have the end that is slidably supported by the opening in housing and an end that contacts chopping block (27); And the percussion device that can activate (16), described percussion device has hammer head (24), and described hammer head can move with drop bar between distal position and impingement position as the crow flies, and in described impingement position, described hammer head clashes into described drop bar.
7. according to the described gasifying reactor of any one in aforementioned claim, wherein, top section's section (9) of described skirt section (2B) is conical.
8. according to the described gasifying reactor of any one in aforementioned claim, wherein, described skirt section (2B) is not provided with refractory liner.
9. one kind is used for by making carbon raw material gasify to produce the method for synthetic gas at gasifying reactor (1), described gasifying reactor comprises the pressurized vessel (3) of encapsulation gasifier unit (2), described gasifier unit has chamber of the reactor (2A), the skirt section (2B) of open-ended is led in the bottom of described chamber of the reactor, described skirt section is arranged in above slag receiving tank (7), described skirt section (2B) comprises top section's section (9), described top section section is connected to the bottom of chamber of the reactor (2A), described top section's section (9) is being compared narrower with the tie point place of the bottom of chamber of the reactor (2A) with the base portion office in top section's section (9), one or more knocker chopping block (27) is arranged on the outer surface of top section's section (9), in the impingement area of one of one or more knockers (15), the outside surface in described skirt section (2B) is clashed into regularly by described one or more knockers (15), remove collected slag with the internal surface from the skirt section, subsequently described slag is collected in described slag receiving tank.
10. method according to claim 9 wherein, makes described skirt section (2B) be recycled at least in part coolant cools by main coolant pipe.
11. according to claim 9 or 10 described methods, wherein, top section's section (9) of described skirt section (2B) is conical.
CN2011800455815A 2010-09-23 2011-09-22 Gasification reactor and process Pending CN103119134A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10178625 2010-09-23
EP10178625.9 2010-09-23
PCT/EP2011/066527 WO2012038510A2 (en) 2010-09-23 2011-09-22 Gasification reactor and process

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Publication Number Publication Date
CN103119134A true CN103119134A (en) 2013-05-22

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CN2011800455815A Pending CN103119134A (en) 2010-09-23 2011-09-22 Gasification reactor and process

Country Status (8)

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US (1) US20130320266A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2619290A2 (en)
JP (1) JP2013540859A (en)
KR (1) KR20130109146A (en)
CN (1) CN103119134A (en)
AU (1) AU2011306923A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2012038510A2 (en)
ZA (1) ZA201302036B (en)

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105985807A (en) * 2014-09-22 2016-10-05 科林工业技术有限责任公司 A reactor for being directed at carbon containing fuel carries out entrained flow gasifica tion

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111256099B (en) * 2018-11-30 2021-11-30 川崎重工业株式会社 Waste heat recovery boiler

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CN101061204A (en) * 2004-11-22 2007-10-24 国际壳牌研究有限公司 Apparatus for gasifying fuel
CN101605877A (en) * 2007-09-04 2009-12-16 国际壳牌研究有限公司 Quenching vessel
WO2010063752A1 (en) * 2008-12-02 2010-06-10 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Rapper device

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JP2941626B2 (en) * 1993-12-09 1999-08-25 三菱重工業株式会社 Coal gasifier hammering equipment
JP3657198B2 (en) * 2001-01-26 2005-06-08 川崎重工業株式会社 Dust removal device for heat exchanger surface of coal gasifier
AU2009239950A1 (en) * 2008-04-24 2009-10-29 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Process to prepare an olefin-containing product or a gasoline product
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1102246A (en) * 1993-10-25 1995-05-03 邓和平 Premixing high-intensity combustion technology and burner
CN101061204A (en) * 2004-11-22 2007-10-24 国际壳牌研究有限公司 Apparatus for gasifying fuel
CN101605877A (en) * 2007-09-04 2009-12-16 国际壳牌研究有限公司 Quenching vessel
WO2010063752A1 (en) * 2008-12-02 2010-06-10 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Rapper device

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105985807A (en) * 2014-09-22 2016-10-05 科林工业技术有限责任公司 A reactor for being directed at carbon containing fuel carries out entrained flow gasifica tion
CN105985807B (en) * 2014-09-22 2018-11-16 科林工业技术有限责任公司 For carrying out the reactor of entrained flow gasification to carbon-containing fuel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2012038510A3 (en) 2012-05-18
WO2012038510A2 (en) 2012-03-29
KR20130109146A (en) 2013-10-07
EP2619290A2 (en) 2013-07-31
JP2013540859A (en) 2013-11-07
AU2011306923A1 (en) 2013-04-11
US20130320266A1 (en) 2013-12-05
ZA201302036B (en) 2013-11-27

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