CN103118794B

CN103118794B - Water sprinkler

Info

Publication number: CN103118794B
Application number: CN201080069217.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 迈克尔·基斯特勒; 托马斯·伦纳
Original assignee: Husqvarna AB
Current assignee: Husqvarna AB
Priority date: 2010-09-24
Filing date: 2010-09-24
Publication date: 2015-11-25
Anticipated expiration: 2030-09-24
Also published as: WO2012037979A1; EP2618939A1; RU2527780C1; CN103118794A; PL2618939T3; EP2618939B1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of water sprinkler, described water sprinkler is proposed to the measure improving turbine startability, wherein said water sprinkler has the spray nozzle device bidirectionally alternately rotated around pivot axis, and there is water sprinkler transmission mechanism, it affects rotary motion and comprises the turbine that can rotate in opposite direction, and the supply pipeline passage by switching receives propelling current.

Description

Water sprinkler

The present invention relates to a kind of water sprinkler.

Water sprinkler as garden sprinklers device typically has the sprinkler tip forming water out, and described sprinkler tip is with spray nozzle device, and described spray nozzle device can pivotable around a pivot axis relative to the matrix comprising water inlet.For fan-shaped water sprinkler, its pivot axis typically is vertical location, and for rectangle water sprinkler, and its pivot axis is horizontal location.Sprinkler tip carries out pivotable by means of the water sprinkler transmission mechanism driven by turbine wheel usually.In order to switch the rotation direction of the rotary motion between two adjustable pivoting angle limit, preferably turbine switchably can rotate in two contrary rotation directions, in order to reach this purpose, provide two feed paths be separated and be placed in the switching device shifter of feed path upstream, described switching device shifter switchably will be connected to water inlet one of in feed path, for use in propelling current.Via described turbine, the current flowing to water out from water inlet are used as to advance current at least in part, and via spring valve typically as bypass current, wherein said bypass current are greater than described propelling current usually.Such configuration is normally known.

This water sprinkler had by turbine driven turbine is disclosed in EP0489679A1.Independently turbine blade forms bag-shaped chamber, and its space surrounded towards the ring by turbine blade with narrow radial slot opening is opened.Two feed paths divided with the circular first portion being parallel to turbine axis upwards away from switching device shifter, and are expanded in narrower Part II, and described narrower Part II surrounds turbine in opposition angular segments with arc form.In each case, multiple narrow nozzle passage is being fed away from described Part II under the angle of turbine.

The problem of this water sprinkler is, due to this system, only has very little by the propelling current power be applied on turbine, therefore when re-launched or during an operation of multiple handover operation, there is the risk that turbine does not start.Because the water sprinkler for irrigating garden must be able to manufacture, inexpensively because which limit designability.

The present invention is based on following target, that is, be specifically described the water sprinkler had by turbine driven water sprinkler transmission mechanism, wherein the starting characteristic of turbine only needs small effort to be just improved.

Describe in the independent claim according to solution of the present invention.Dependent claims contains advantageous embodiment of the present invention and its development.

Illustrate, measure according to the present invention significantly improves the flow behavior of the water route advancing current to flow therethrough.Especially, inventor has realized that due to described measure, can realize the formation reducing turbulent flow, and therefore significantly can reduce and advance the energy loss of current, therefore more the energy of vast scale is used as the power that acts on turbine and can realizes larger starting torque under retaining.

First is significantly improved to come from and has redesigned deflection area, feed path proceeds to second channel section from the first passage section with the flowing progress portion being basically parallel to turbine axis in this region, and wherein the flow direction of second channel section is in the plane perpendicular to turbine axis substantially.Advantageously, second channel section is to exist around the arc form in the space being mounted with turbine.

Described deflection area is designed for flow enhuancement and reduces turbulent flow, and at least one outer wall wherein defining the external path of feed path in deflection area is bending relative to the change of flow direction.One can be gone out for the change imagination of flow direction and fabricate clinoid.First outer wall is the border of feed path, and this border is positioned at radially outer relative to clinoid such in deflection area.The radius of curvature of the first outer wall can change on the route of deflection, and is advantageously not less than 30% of the height of the feed path in deflection area, is particularly not less than 60% of this height.The minimum radial distance of outer span first inwall can be thought the height of feed path, define feed path to described first inwall inner radial, it can change on the route of deflection, wherein, if the cross section of feed path is not the constant imaginary clinoid be parallel in deflection area, then must think that it is in the center of the transverse cross-sectional area of the feed path in deflection area.

Advantageously, the first inwall of feed path does not have sharp bend or rank portion in deflection area, particularly has uniform bending, wherein, advantageously, the radius of curvature that may change of inwall is not less than 20% of the described height of feed path, is particularly not less than 40% of this height.

In order to favourable and tool cost-effectively manufactures described water sprinkler, particularly manufacture described water sprinkler with moulding, feed path is defined by the surface of base section and the lid that is fixed on it in deflection area, wherein, first passage section is formed in the base section between arrangement for deflecting and deflection area.Advantageously, the first inwall to be formed on base section and the first outer wall is formed in and covers, because which form the expedients for base section and lid (even for the injection molding tool in the bending progress portion on the border of the feed path in deflection area).

Another improves the design of flow enhuancement and the low turbulent flow come from last channel part significantly, hereinafter described last channel part is called third channel section, it terminates at inlet nozzle place, and assumes that the angle of at least 30 ° around turbine axis extends for it.Described design code outer wall exists in the continuous bend mode without sharp bend, and described outer wall is positioned at radially outward relative to turbine axis and defines feed path, and is also referred to as the 3rd outer wall hereinafter.Advantageously, the radius of curvature of the 3rd outer wall is not less than 15% of turbine radius, is particularly not less than 25% of described radius, wherein understands, and turbine radius refers to the outer radius of the annular configuration of turbine blade.Described radius of curvature can change in the route of third channel section.

Advantageously, third channel section narrowing continuously towards inlet nozzle, it is relevant to the propelling water velocity increased towards inlet nozzle.Not there is sharp bend and do not occur the high moment of torsion that the continuous bend progress of turbulent flow or low turbulent flow result in the low flow resistance of propelling current from inlet nozzle towards turbine blade and high muzzle velocity and advantageously leads to turbine of third channel section.

Advantageously, the inwall of third channel section also exists with the form without sharp bend or rank portion, and has uniform bending especially.

The design limitation existed for the turbine blade of the turbine in described type water sprinkler is especially: need multipair blade spigot surface to provide the ability of bidirectional rotation, blade spigot surface paired in each case is all settled relative to RADIAL specular; And turbine is typically implemented by plastic injection piece.For a rear reason, turbine blade is usually relative to the side of turbine axis being axially connected to the packing ring shared for all blades, and turbine blade has substantially constant cross section at it in the extension of the right angle of the plane away from described packing ring.Therefore by being parallel to line in the cross section of packing ring plane to describe the shape of spigot surface.

When water flows out from the current entry nozzle act intermediate space be in mutually between spigot surface thereon, shaping-orientation face by this way, namely, spigot surface is made to form taper in radial inner end edge at a certain angle, described radial inner end edge has discharge angle relative to RADIAL, this have impact on the water emission direction in the intermediate space surrounded by the ring of turbine blade, this emission direction has tangential flow component, and the corresponding direction of rotation of this tangential flow component and turbine relatively and provide the power of the starting torque helping turbine.Described spigot surface concavely bends to away from described intermediate space.In each case, turbine blade preferably have two mutually dorsad away from spigot surface, and in each case, be associated with in two direction of rotation of turbine, and be preferably positioned at radially outer end than radially-inwardly end is narrower.

The gap of the radially-inwardly end of the turbine blade between two opposed facing spigot surfaces (water via described gap with described discharge angle therefrom between space flow out) along the circumferential direction there is a width, described width advantageously between 30% to 200% of the spacing of continuous gap, preferably between 50% to 150% of the spacing of continuous gap.Meanwhile, the distance between continuous gap is generally equal to the Breadth Maximum of turbine blade in its radially-inwardly end.

With reference to accompanying drawing, based on preferred illustrative embodiments, the present invention is illustrated in more detail below.In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is the sectional view of the Partial Resection of water sprinkler,

Fig. 2 is the plane of the turbine with feed path,

Fig. 3 shows a distortion of Fig. 2,

Fig. 4 shows a preferred embodiment of turbine,

Fig. 5 is the amplification sectional view in inlet nozzle region.

With the oblique view tilted a little, Fig. 1 shows the water sprinkler transmission mechanism of Partial Resection, its shell has base section UT and top section OT, described base section and top section are fabricated to individual components, particularly manufacture injection mould component, and be bonded together in the mode illustrated subsequently.Shell illustrates with the form of Partial Resection, and especially provides the visual angle seeing two feed paths like this.Switching device shifter UE is only shown in broken lines, and an energy wherein in two feed paths is connected to the water inlet of water sprinkler by means of described switching device shifter.

Sprinkler tip with spray nozzle device can be connected to exit opening GA, and the sprinkler tip of wherein this connection can by means of water sprinkler transmission mechanism around the two-way pivotable of pivot center DA, and wherein water flows through described water sprinkler transmission mechanism.At normal operating position, pivot center DA is vertical in fan-shaped water sprinkler, and is level in rectangle water sprinkler.In the description of following accompanying drawing, adopt a kind of fan-shaped water sprinkler with vertical pivot center, and the positional information at such as top or bottom refers to its normal operating position relative to vertical pivot center.

Two first passage sections of the part as base section can be seen in FIG, the i.e. first passage section K11 of the first feed path and the first passage section K21 of the second feed path, they are connected to two channel section by deflection area (will describe in detail) below, that is, the channel section K12 of the first feed path and the channel section K22 of the second feed path.In two feed paths one is all only described in often kind of situation unless expressly stated, otherwise below.These two feed paths are symmetrical relative to the central plane base image comprising turbine axis.

Substantially be vertical in switching device shifter UE downstream and towards first passage section K1, the K12 between deflection area, and be parallel to the turbine axis of the turbine of water sprinkler transmission mechanism, wherein turbine shaft typically (and being also depicted as in the present embodiment) be parallel to pivot center DA.

As can be seen from Figure 2, second channel section K12, K22 are in the arc around turbine TR, and wherein this turbine is rotatably mounted around turbine axis TA.Second channel section is incorporated into third channel section K13, K23, and described third channel section terminates at inlet nozzle AD place, and extends on the angular range W3 being at least 30 ° at its front end edge flow direction.Advantageously, second channel section and third channel section are by be combineding with each other without rank portion and without the Curved Continuous pars convoluta of sharp bend.

In the deflection area between the first passage section K11 and second channel section K12 of the first feed path, the flowing of current is advanced to turn to as following main flow direction from the initial vertical main flow direction first passage section K11, described main flow direction when entering second channel section be level and be roughly tangential relative to turbine axis TA, be approximately 90 ° to make the change in deflection area in main flow direction.Arrow MS refers to the center of flowing.Imaginary clinoid can distribute to this deflection through 90 °, the direction of clinoid is perpendicular to the first and second main flow direction and be positioned at the interior angle place of these two main flow direction, and the radial external boundary of feed path and radial inner edge circle of feed path are present in deflection area relative to this clinoid.Being thered is provided by the first outer wall AU1 relative to the radial external boundary of this imaginary clinoid of feed path, and inner boundary is provided by the first inwall IU1.

First outer wall AU1 is formed bending away from the inside of feed path, and wherein radius of curvature can change by streamwise in the route of outer wall.A position of described outer wall shows radius of curvature R A.

In a similar manner, the first inwall IU1 is formed bending towards the inside of feed path in deflection area.The same radius of curvature R I showing the curvature as the first inwall IU1 a position.The distance of the first outer wall AU1 to the first inwall IU1 is appointed as the height UH of the feed path in deflection area.

Radius of curvature R A, RI and height UH can change in the route of deflection area.Advantageously, during deflecting, the degree of depth (this degree of depth is measured along the direction of imaginary clinoid UA as cross sectional dimensions) of feed path remains unchanged substantially from the latter end of first passage section K11 to the start-up portion of second channel section K12.If the cross section of the feed path in deflection area departs from rectangular shape, then all edge is passed the middle part of flowing and is basically perpendicular to the radius R A of the degree of depth of the orientation measurement feed path of described flowing, the height UH of feed path and the first outer wall AU1 and the radius R I of the first inwall IU1 in each case.

Advantageously, radius of curvature R A is not less than 30% of the maximum height UH value of the feed path in deflection area, is particularly not less than 60% of this height.Advantageously, the radius of curvature R I of the first inwall IU1 is not less than 20% of height UH, is particularly not less than 40% of this height.

The curvature of the first outer wall surface AU1 and the first inner wall surface IU1 with minimum of a value radius of curvature advantageously leads to the deflection of flowing, which prevent the turbulent flow of the propelling current under typical flow or at least sufficiently reduce turbulent flow compared with known embodiment.Advantageously, this makes to avoid at this some the energy loss advancing current, and achieves the more large driving force of the propelling current on turbine, which results in the higher starting torque of turbine and the starting characteristic of improvement.

In order to realize described favourable deflection area, advantageously, the first inner wall surface IU1 of feed path is formed in base section UT, and the first outer wall AU1 is formed in top section OT.Which results in the expedients of injection molding tool, wherein all can design like this for base section with for the injection molding tool of top section, namely, tool half can be made in each case relative to each other to move along on the direction of pivot center, and do not need the tool component that such as slide block etc. is extra, described extra tool component can increase instrument and manufacture the cost of injection mold.In the example illustrated, top section OT forms kettle shape, and it is at bottom opening and its outer wall surrounds the outside of base section with the form of lid, and on its cap surface DE, the first outer wall AU1 is formed as extension VD along the direction of base section.In the preferred example illustrated, the extension VD of the formation first outer wall AU1 of cap surface DE leans on the vertical wall of the feed path being formed in base section tightly, continuous with first passage section K11.In deflection area, in the region from the first outer wall AU1, also can have other transition with complementary rank portion from base section to the transition position of top section.For described radius of curvature, do not consider the little upset that the uniformly continous of this transition is bending.

As can be seen from Figure 2, in Advantageous embodiments, feed path narrows continuously and does not have sharp bend or rank portion in second channel section K11, and is combined with the third channel section K13 leading to inlet nozzle AD continuously.Second channel section K12 also can be designed to have constant cross-section.Third channel section K13 leads in the route of inlet nozzle AD at it and narrows continuously, therefore, advances the water flow speed of current to increase towards inlet nozzle AD.Advantageously, third channel section K13 has continuous print curved outer wall A3 and/or continuous print curved inner wall 13.Outer wall A3 or inwall 13 also can have towards the direct route of inlet nozzle AD.Advantageously, the radius of curvature of outer wall A3 is not less than 20% of the radius R T of turbine TR, is particularly not less than 40% of this radius.Advantageously, the radius of curvature of inwall 13 is not less than 15% of the radius R T of turbine TR, is particularly not less than 25% of this radius.Come from the main flow direction ES of the water of inlet nozzle AD and be advantageously not more than 45 ° at inlet nozzle place about the angle (hereinafter referred to as incidence angle, the EW in Fig. 5) between turbine direction tangential.

In order to explain the present invention, second and third channel section (when transition portion is continuous print, described second and third channel section itself clearly do not separate) mutually restrained as follows, that is, the angle part W3 of third channel section with at least 30 ° before inlet nozzle AD is made to extend around turbine axis TA.

The third channel section limited by this way is also provided by the variant with the comparatively feed path of labyrinth described in Fig. 3.Owing to having this comparatively complicated channel design, therefore second channel section K12 not only connects third channel section K13, but also connecting extra accessory channel KH, this accessory channel is fed to the additional inlets nozzle pointing to turbine, and along the circumferential direction departs from relative to inlet nozzle AD.

Advance current to flow to the turbine blade of turbine TR from inlet nozzle AD, and apply power or moment of torsion thereon.In an advantageous embodiment, advance current to be directed into inner space IR, described inner space is surrounded by the turbine blade settled with ring form.In a preferred embodiment, total amount is greater than usually and advances the bypass current of current also directed through inner space IR, wherein, spring loads bypass valve and is placed in the bypass of IR upstream, inner space, to make the flow path be previously separated again converge in inner space, and feed in the spray nozzle device be attached thereto along on the direction of connecting portion GA or water out.

Advantageously, in order to by from outer radial the propelling current guided on turbine blade deflect to inner space IR, advance current to flow into the intermediate space between continuous turbine blade wherein and be connected to inner space by the hole being positioned at its radial inner end place between continuous turbine blade.

Fig. 4 shows the preferred embodiment of the turbine TR with multiple turbine blade TS, and described turbine blade TS settles with the rule configuration of the ring form around turbine axis TA, and is formed as the axis projection from plain washer SR.In the embodiment that this is favourable, turbine blade has the form of spigot surface, and it is applied with booster action in the mode in greater detail with reference to figure 5 to the moment of torsion acted on turbine, especially for startup turbine.Turbine blade TS itself is formed relative to the plane of reflection specular through turbine axis TA, therefore, due to the regular arrangement of turbine blade, intermediate space ZR between this specular also can be applicable to relative to the continuous turbine blade of plane of mirror symmetry, described plane of mirror symmetry is through described intermediate space and comprise turbine axis TA.This specular is can by the common situation of the turbine of the water sprinkler transmission mechanism of bi-directional drive.

With reference to the amplifier section of figure 5, be explained in more detail the feature of the advantageous embodiment of the turbine blade according to Fig. 4, Fig. 5 shows at the turbine according to Fig. 4 shown type in the shell of Fig. 2 to Fig. 3.

When occurring from inlet nozzle AD, from propulsion nozzle AD propelling current out, there is main flow direction ES, its under angle EW relative to the tangential direction of turbine turning circle with refraction angle EW angulation, wherein, advantageously, this refraction angle is not more than 45 °.Because water flows out and the intermediate space entered between two adjacent turbines blades from inlet nozzle AD, therefore, water is forced to flow out from this intermediate space ZR simultaneously, and the gap L U between the end edge of spigot surface flows into inner space IR, wherein spigot surface relatively about turbine shaft TA radially-inwardly, and define intermediate space ZR.Advantageously, the flow action spigot surface thereon from inlet nozzle AD can concavely be formed bending away from intermediate space ZR.In its inside end relative to turbine axis TA, the propelling flow action spigot surface thereon from inlet nozzle AD forms taper to discharge angle AW relative to RADIAL, and described RADIAL angularly enters inner space.By the gap L U between adjacent turbines blade from intermediate space ZR out time, the glassware for drinking water being forced to flow out from intermediate space ZR has flow direction AS, and this flow direction points to the contrary radial direction of the rotation direction DR of the turbine relevant to inlet nozzle AD.Therefore, extra power is applied on turbine and (is particularly applied on turbine in startup situation), and adds the starting torque of turbine.Advantageously, discharge angle AT is at least 15 °, is at least 25 ° especially.Advantageously, discharge angle and be not more than 50 °.In the measurement of the rotation direction DR of turbine, the distance LS of width LL advantageously between adjacent segment of gap L U 30% to 200% between, preferably between 50% to 120% of this distance.

Advantageously can implement the specific features shown in above-mentioned and claim and figure individually or with various combination.The present invention not by the restriction of described exemplary embodiment, and can improve in the limit of power of those skilled in the art in many ways.

Claims

1. a water sprinkler, described water sprinkler has water inlet and sprinkler tip, described sprinkler tip forms water out and can relative to matrix pivotable, wherein make described sprinkler tip pivotable by water sprinkler transmission mechanism, described water sprinkler transmission mechanism is by turbine drives, described turbine rotates around turbine axis and has multiple turbine blade, wherein

-advance current to flow through described turbine, described propelling current are formed and flow to the total water current of described water out at least partially from described water inlet,

-described turbine can rotate along two contrary rotation directions,

One in-two feed paths is associated with each rotation direction, and described feed path all has at least one inlet nozzle determining entrance flow path direction in each case,

One in-described two feed paths can be connected to described water inlet alternatively by the switching device shifter being placed in described two feed path upstreams,

And wherein, the water route of described propelling current is designed to as follows strengthen flowing and reduces turbulent flow:

A) flow channel changes direction between the first passage section and second channel section of feed path, described first passage section is at least parallel to described turbine axis, described second channel section radially extends in the plane of described turbine blade in the outside of described turbine blade and change place in direction is retrained by the first outer wall and the first inwall, and described outer wall has the progress portion of the continuous bend not with sharp bend, and/or

B) third channel section is restrained radially outwardly by the 3rd outer wall, described third channel section terminates at described inlet nozzle place and at least extends around described turbine with the form of arc and narrow equably in this case, described 3rd outer wall along the circumferential direction has the progress portion of the continuous bend of the arcuate shape not with sharp bend, and/or

C) described flow path radially enters inner space from inlet nozzle via the hole being arranged in the inner radial end of described turbine blade between adjacent turbines blade, described inlet nozzle is radially positioned at the outside of the turbine blade forming annular around described inner space, and described inlet nozzle is with the tangent line angulation of the incidence angle being less than 45 ° relative to turbine, and the spigot surface of the described turbine blade that described inlet nozzle is applied to it concavely is formed bending, and enter with being tapered in described inner space with an incidence angle along the direction contrary with corresponding rotation direction relative to RADIAL.

2. water sprinkler according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the radius of curvature of described first outer wall is not less than 30% of the height of the described feed path of deflection place.

3. water sprinkler according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in deflection area with described first inwall of the interior thereof of described feed path with the continuous print surface extending not with sharp bend.

4. water sprinkler according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the radius of curvature of described first inwall is not less than 20% of the height of described feed path.

5. water sprinkler according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described second channel section is retrained with the lid being fixed on described second channel section by the surface of base section.

6. water sprinkler according to claim 1, is characterized in that, covers described in described first outer wall is formed in.

7. water sprinkler according to claim 1, is characterized in that, it is 90 ° that the direction between described first passage section and described second channel section changes.

8. water sprinkler according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the curvature of described 3rd outer wall is not less than 20% of the radius of described turbine.

9. water sprinkler according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the flow direction of described propelling current at described water out place extends from described inlet nozzle with the angle being less than 45 ° relative to the tangent line of described rotating turbine.

10. according to the water sprinkler described in claim 1 to 9, it is characterized in that, discharge angle is at least 15 °.

11. water sprinklers according to claim 10, is characterized in that, described discharge angle is not more than 50 °.

12., according to the water sprinkler described in claim 1 to 9, is characterized in that, the distance of extension between continuous gap in gap 30% and 200% between.

13., according to the water sprinkler described in claim 1 to 9, is characterized in that, be provided with turbine shaft, and described turbine shaft surrounded described rotating turbine by elastic sealing element.

14. water sprinklers according to claim 13, is characterized in that, the diameter of described turbine shaft is not more than 1.5mm.

15. water sprinklers according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the radius of curvature of described first outer wall is not less than 60% of the height of the described feed path of deflection place.

16. water sprinklers according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the radius of curvature of described first inwall is not less than 40% of the height of described feed path.

17. water sprinklers according to claim 8, is characterized in that, the curvature of described 3rd outer wall is not less than 40% of the radius of described turbine.

18. water sprinklers according to claim 10, is characterized in that, described discharge angle is at least 25 °.