CN103118794A

CN103118794A - Sprinkler

Info

Publication number: CN103118794A
Application number: CN2010800692178A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 迈克尔·基斯特勒; 托马斯·伦纳
Original assignee: Gardena Kress and Kastner GmbH
Current assignee: Husqvarna AB
Priority date: 2010-09-24
Filing date: 2010-09-24
Publication date: 2013-05-22
Anticipated expiration: 2030-09-24
Also published as: WO2012037979A1; CN103118794B; RU2527780C1; EP2618939B1; EP2618939A1; PL2618939T3

Abstract

For a sprinkler with a nozzle arrangement which is bidirectionally pivotable alternately about a pivot axis and with a sprinkler transmission which effects the pivoting movement and contains a turbine which is rotatable in opposite directions and to which a propulsion water flow can be admitted via switchable feed line passages, measures for improving the start-up performance of the turbine are proposed.

Description

Water sprinkler

The present invention relates to a kind of water sprinkler.

Water sprinkler as the garden watering device typically has the sprinkler tip that forms water out, and described sprinkler tip is with spray nozzle device, and described spray nozzle device can pivotable around a pivot axis with respect to the matrix that comprises water inlet.For fan-shaped water sprinkler, its pivot axis typically is vertical location, and for the rectangle water sprinkler, and its pivot axis is horizontal location.Sprinkler tip carries out pivotable by means of the water sprinkler transmission mechanism that is driven by turbine wheel usually.In order to switch two rotation directions that rotatablely move that can regulate between the pivoting angle limit, preferably turbine can switchably rotate on two opposite rotation directions, in order to reach this purpose, the feed path of two separation and the switching device shifter that is placed in the feed path upstream are provided, described switching device shifter will switchably be connected to water inlet one of in feed path, for use in advancing current.Via described turbine, the current that flow to water out from water inlet are at least in part as advancing current, and via spring valve typically as the bypass current, wherein said bypass current are usually greater than described propelling current.Such configuration is normally known.

Disclosed this water sprinkler that has by turbine driven turbine in EP 0 489 679 A1.Independently turbine blade forms bag-shaped chamber, and it is opened towards the space that the ring by turbine blade surrounds with narrow radial slot opening.Two feed paths with the circular first that is parallel to turbine axis make progress away from switching device shifter, and are expanded in narrower second portion, and described narrower second portion surrounds turbine in the opposition angular segments with the arc form.In each case, a plurality of narrow nozzle passages are being fed away from described second portion under the angle of turbine.

The problem of this water sprinkler is, due to this system, by advance current be applied to power on turbine only have very little, therefore when restarting or in an operating period of a plurality of handover operations, the risk that exists turbine not start.Owing to must making inexpensively for the water sprinkler of irrigating the garden, therefore limited designability.

The present invention is based on following target, that is, the water sprinkler that has by turbine driven water sprinkler transmission mechanism is specifically described, wherein the starting characteristic of turbine only needs small effort just to be improved.

Described in independent claims according to solution of the present invention.Dependent claims comprised advantageous embodiment of the present invention with and the development.

What illustrated is, has improved significantly the flow behavior that advances the water route that current therefrom flow through according to measure of the present invention.Especially, the inventor has realized that can realize reducing the formation of turbulent flow due to described measure, and therefore can significantly reduce the energy loss that advances current, therefore more the energy of vast scale is used as acting on the power on turbine and can realizes larger starting torque under retaining.

First is significant improves to come from and has redesigned deflection area, feed path proceeds to the second channel section from the first passage section with the mobile progress section that is basically parallel to turbine axis in this zone, and wherein the flow direction of second channel section is in plane perpendicular to turbine axis substantially.Advantageously, the second channel section exists with the arc form around the space that is mounted with turbine.

Described deflection area is designed for flow strengthening and reduces turbulent flow, and at least one outer wall that wherein defines the external path of feed path in deflection area is crooked with respect to the change of flow direction.Can go out for the change imagination of flow direction one and fabricate clinoid.The first outer wall is the border of feed path, and this borderline phase is positioned at radially outer for clinoid such in deflection area.The radius of curvature of the first outer wall can change on the route of deflection, and advantageously be not less than the feed path in deflection area height 30%, particularly be not less than 60% of this height.The minimum radial distance of outer span the first inwall can be thought the height of feed path, define to described the first inwall inner radial feed path, it can change on the route of deflection, wherein, if the cross section of feed path is not the constant imaginary clinoid that is parallel in deflection area, must think that it is in the center of the transverse cross-sectional area of the feed path in deflection area.

Advantageously, the first inwall of feed path does not have sharp bend or rank section in deflection area, particularly have uniform bending, wherein, advantageously, the radius of curvature that may change of inwall be not less than feed path described height 20%, particularly be not less than 40% of this height.

For favourable and have cost benefit ground and make described water sprinkler, particularly make described water sprinkler with moulding, feed path is defined by the surface of base section and the lid that is fixed in it in deflection area, wherein, the first passage section is formed in base section between arrangement for deflecting and deflection area.Advantageously, the first inwall is formed on base section and the first outer wall is formed on and covers, and has therefore formed the favourable design that is used for base section and lid (injection molding tool of bending progress section on border that even is used for the feed path of deflection area).

Another significant improvement comes from the mobile enhancing of last channel part and the design of low turbulent flow, hereinafter described last channel part is called the third channel section, it finishes at the inlet nozzle place, and has supposed around the angle of at least 30 ° of turbine axis for it and extended.Described design code outer wall exists in the continuous bend mode without sharp bend, and described outer wall is positioned at radially outward with respect to turbine axis and defines feed path, and also is referred to as the 3rd outer wall hereinafter.Advantageously, the radius of curvature of the 3rd outer wall is not less than 15% of turbine radius, particularly is not less than 25% of described radius, wherein is understood that, the turbine radius refers to the outer radius of the annular configuration of turbine blade.Described radius of curvature can change in the route of third channel section.

Advantageously, the third channel section narrows down continuously towards inlet nozzle, and it is relevant to the propelling water velocity that increases towards inlet nozzle.The continuous bend progress that does not have sharp bend and turbulent flow or low turbulent flow do not occur of third channel section has caused from inlet nozzle towards low flow resistance and the high muzzle velocity of the propelling current of turbine blade and has advantageously caused the high moment of torsion on the turbine.

Advantageously, the inwall of third channel section also exists with the form that does not have sharp bend or rank section, and has especially uniform bending.

The design limitation that exists for the turbine blade of the turbine in described type water sprinkler is especially: need many to the blade spigot surface in order to the ability of bidirectional rotation is provided, paired blade spigot surface is all settled symmetrically with respect to the RADIAL mirror image in each case; And turbine is typically implemented by plastic injection piece.For a rear reason, turbine blade axially is connected to the packing ring that shares for all blades usually on the side with respect to turbine axis, and turbine blade has the substantially constant cross section in the extension away from the place, right angle on the plane of described packing ring at it.Therefore can describe by the line in the cross section that is parallel to the packing ring plane shape of spigot surface.

When being in of being applied to it from current inlet nozzle of water mutually flowed out in the face of the intermediate space between spigot surface, shaping-orientation face by this way, namely, make spigot surface form taper in radial inner end edge at a certain angle, described radial inner end edge has the discharging angle with respect to RADIAL, this has affected by the water emission direction in the intermediate space of the ring encirclement of turbine blade, this emission direction has tangential components of flow, and this tangential components of flow is relative with the corresponding direction of rotation of turbine and provide the power of the starting torque that helps turbine.Described spigot surface bends to away from described intermediate space recessedly.In each case, turbine blade preferably have two mutually dorsad away from spigot surface, and in each case, interrelate with in two direction of rotation of turbine one, and preferably to be positioned at radially outer end specific diameter narrower to inside end.

The turbine blade between two opposed facing spigot surfaces radially inwardly the gap of end (water via described gap with described discharging angle therefrom between the space flow out) along the circumferential direction have a width, described width advantageously between distance between continuous gap 30% to 200% between, preferably between distance between continuous gap 50% to 150% between.Simultaneously, the distance between continuous gap is generally equal to turbine blade at its inside Breadth Maximum of end radially.

With reference to accompanying drawing, the below illustrates the present invention in more detail based on preferred illustrative embodiments.In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is the sectional view of the Partial Resection of water sprinkler,

Fig. 2 is the plane with the turbine of feed path,

Fig. 3 shows the distortion of Fig. 2,

Fig. 4 shows a preferred embodiment of turbine,

Fig. 5 is the amplification sectional view in inlet nozzle zone.

With the oblique view that tilts a little, Fig. 1 shows the water sprinkler transmission mechanism of Partial Resection, its shell has base section UT and top section OT, described base section and top section are fabricated to individual components, particularly manufacture the injection mold parts, and be bonded together in the mode that illustrates subsequently.Shell illustrates with the form of Partial Resection, and does like this visual angle of seeing two feed paths is provided especially.Switching device shifter UE is only shown in broken lines, and wherein an energy in two feed paths is connected to the water inlet of water sprinkler by means of described switching device shifter.

Sprinkler tip with spray nozzle device can be connected to exit opening GA, and wherein the sprinkler tip of this connection can be by means of the water sprinkler transmission mechanism around the two-way pivotable of pivot center DA, and wherein water flows through described water sprinkler transmission mechanism.At normal operating position, pivot center DA is vertical in fan-shaped water sprinkler, and is level in the rectangle water sprinkler.Adopt a kind of fan-shaped water sprinkler with vertical pivot center in the description of following accompanying drawing, and refer to that such as the positional information of top or bottom it is with respect to the normal operating position of vertical pivot center.

Can see two first passage sections as the part of base section in Fig. 1, the i.e. first passage section K21 of the first passage section K11 of the first feed path and the second feed path, they are connected to two channel section by deflection area (below will describe in detail), that is, the channel section K22 of the channel section K12 of the first feed path and the second feed path.Unless offer some clarification on, otherwise all only describe below in two feed paths one in every kind of situation.These two feed paths are symmetrical with respect to the central plane base image that comprises turbine axis.

Substantially be vertical in switching device shifter UE downstream and first passage section K1, K12 between deflection area, and the turbine axis that is parallel to the turbine of water sprinkler transmission mechanism, wherein turbine shaft typically (and also being depicted as in the present embodiment) be parallel to pivot center DA.

As can be seen from Figure 2, second channel section K12, K22 are around the arc of turbine TR, and wherein this turbine is rotatably mounted around turbine axis TA.The second channel section is incorporated into third channel section K13, K23, and described third channel section finishes at inlet nozzle AD place, and is being at least at its front end edge flow direction on the angular range W3 of 30 ° and extends.Advantageously, second channel section and third channel section are by mutually combining without rank section and without the Curved Continuous pars convoluta of sharp bend.

In the first passage section K11 and the deflection area between second channel section K12 of the first feed path, the mobile initial vertically main flow direction from first passage section K11 of propelling current turns to and is following main flow direction, described main flow direction when entering the second channel section be level and be roughly with respect to turbine axis TA tangential so that be approximately 90 ° in the variation on main flow direction on deflection area.Arrow MS refers to the center of flowing.Imaginary clinoid can be distributed to this deflection through 90 °, the perpendicular direction of clinoid is in the first and second main flow direction and be positioned at the interior angle place of these two main flow direction, and radial inner edge circle of the radially external boundary of feed path and feed path is present in deflection area with respect to this clinoid.The radially external boundary with respect to this imagination clinoid of feed path is provided by the first outer wall AU1, and inner boundary is provided by the first inwall IU1.

The first outer wall AU1 forms bending away from the inside of feed path, but wherein the radius of curvature streamwise changes in the route of outer wall.A position of described outer wall shows radius of curvature R A.

In a similar manner, the first inwall IU1 forms bending towards the inside of feed path in deflection area.The same radius of curvature R I that shows a position as the curvature of the first inwall IU1.The distance of the first outer wall AU1 to the first inwall IU1 is appointed as the height UH of the feed path in deflection area.

Radius of curvature R A, RI and height UH can change in the route of deflection area.Advantageously, during deflection, the start-up portion of the degree of depth of feed path (this degree of depth is measured as cross sectional dimensions along the direction of imaginary clinoid UA) from the latter end of first passage section K11 to second channel section K12 remains unchanged substantially.If the cross section of the feed path in deflection area departs from rectangular shape, in each case all along passing mobile middle part and being basically perpendicular to the degree of depth of described mobile orientation measurement feed path, height UH and the radius R A of the first outer wall AU1 and the radius R I of the first inwall IU1 of feed path.

Advantageously, radius of curvature R A be not less than the feed path in deflection area maximum height UH value 30%, particularly be not less than 60% of this height.Advantageously, the radius of curvature R I of the first inwall IU1 is not less than 20% of height UH, particularly is not less than 40% of this height.

Curvature with the first outer wall surface AU1 of minimum of a value radius of curvature and first inner wall surface IU1 has advantageously caused the deflection of flowing, and it has stoped the turbulent flow of the propelling current under the typical flow or has compared with known embodiment and reduced at least fully turbulent flow.Advantageously, this makes at this point and has been avoided advancing the energy loss of current, and has realized the more large driving force of the propelling current on the turbine, and this has caused higher starting torque and the improved starting characteristic of turbine.

In order to realize described favourable deflection area, advantageously, the first inner wall surface IU1 of feed path is formed in base section UT, and the first outer wall AU1 is formed in top section OT.This has just caused the favourable design of injection molding tool, the injection molding tool that wherein is used for base section and is used for top section all can design like this, namely, can make in each case tool half along relative to each other moving on the direction of pivot center, and do not need such as extra tool components such as slide blocks, described extra tool component can increase instrument and make the cost of injection mold.In the example that illustrates, top section OT forms kettle shape, and it surrounds the outside of base section at bottom opening and its outer wall with the form of lid, and on its cap surface DE, the first outer wall AU1 forms extension VD along the direction of base section.In the preferred example that illustrates, the extension VD of formation the first outer wall AU1 of cap surface DE leans on the vertical wall of the feed path that is formed on base section tightly, and K11 is continuous with the first passage section.In deflection area, also can have other transition with complementary rank section at the transition position from base section to top section from the zone of the first outer wall AU1.For described radius of curvature, do not consider the little upset of the even continuous bend of this transition.

As can be seen from Figure 2, in favourable embodiment, feed path narrows down continuously in second channel section K11 and does not have sharp bend or rank section, and is combined with the third channel section K13 that leads to inlet nozzle AD continuously.Second channel section K12 also can be designed to have constant cross-section.Third channel section K13 narrows down in it leads to the route of inlet nozzle AD continuously, therefore, advances the water flow speed of current to increase towards inlet nozzle AD.Advantageously, third channel section K13 has continuous curved outer wall A3 and/or continuous curved inner wall 13.Outer wall A3 or inwall 13 also can have the direct route towards inlet nozzle AD.Advantageously, the radius of curvature of outer wall A3 be not less than turbine TR radius R T 20%, particularly be not less than 40% of this radius.Advantageously, the radius of curvature of inwall 13 be not less than turbine TR radius R T 15%, particularly be not less than 25% of this radius.Come from inlet nozzle AD water main flow direction ES and advantageously be not more than 45 ° at the inlet nozzle place about the angle between the turbine direction tangential (hereinafter referred to as incidence angle, the EW in Fig. 5).

In order to explain the present invention, second and the third channel section (when transition when being partly continuous, described second and the third channel section itself clearly do not separate) mutually restrained as follows, that is, make third channel section angle part W3 with at least 30 ° before inlet nozzle AD extend around turbine axis TA.

The third channel section that limits by this way is also by providing with the variant of the feed path of labyrinth comparatively of describing in Fig. 3.Owing to having this comparatively complicated channel design, therefore second channel section K12 not only connects third channel section K13, but also connecting extra accessory channel KH, this accessory channel is fed to the extra inlet nozzle that points to turbine, and along the circumferential direction departs from respect to inlet nozzle AD.

Advance current to flow to the turbine blade of turbine TR from inlet nozzle AD, and apply power or moment of torsion thereon.In favourable embodiment, advance current to be directed into inner space IR, described inner space is surrounded by the turbine blade of settling with ring form.In a preferred embodiment, usually also be directed through inner space IR greater than the bypass current that advance current on total amount, wherein, spring loads bypass valve and is placed in the bypass of IR upstream, inner space, so that before the flow path of separation converged in the inner space again, and along feeding in the spray nozzle device that is attached thereto on the direction of connecting portion GA or water out.

Advantageously, for will from outer radial the propelling current that guide on turbine blade deflect to inner space IR, advance current flow into wherein be connected to the inner space at the intermediate space between turbine blade continuously by the hole that is positioned at its radial inner end place between continuous turbine blade.

Fig. 4 shows the preferred embodiment of the turbine TR with a plurality of turbine blade TS, and described turbine blade TS settles with the rule configuration around the ring form of turbine axis TA, and forms the axis projection from plain washer SR.In this favourable embodiment, turbine blade has the form of spigot surface, and it has applied booster action in the mode in greater detail with reference to figure 5 to the moment of torsion that acts on turbine, especially for starting turbine.Turbine blade TS itself forms symmetrically with respect to the plane of reflection mirror image that passes turbine axis TA, therefore, regular arrangement due to turbine blade, this mirror image symmetry also can be applicable to respect to the intermediate space ZR between the continuous turbine blade of plane of mirror symmetry, and described plane of mirror symmetry is through described intermediate space and comprise turbine axis TA.This mirror image symmetry is can be by the common situation of turbine of the water sprinkler transmission mechanism of bi-directional drive.

With reference to the amplifier section of figure 5, the feature according to the advantageous embodiment of the turbine blade of Fig. 4 is explained in more detail, Fig. 5 shows at the turbine according to the type shown in Figure 4 in the shell of Fig. 2 to Fig. 3.

When occurring from inlet nozzle AD, have main flow direction ES from propulsion nozzle AD propelling current out, its under angle EW with respect to the tangential direction of turbine turning circle with refraction angle EW angulation, wherein, advantageously, this refraction angle is not more than 45 °.Because water flows out and enters two intermediate spaces between the adjacent turbines blade from inlet nozzle AD, therefore, water is forced to flow out from this intermediate space ZR simultaneously, and flow into inner space IR through the gap L U between the end edge of spigot surface, wherein spigot surface is relatively radially inside about turbine shaft TA, and defines intermediate space ZR.Advantageously, the flow action spigot surface thereon from inlet nozzle AD can form bending away from intermediate space ZR with being recessed into.In its inside end with respect to turbine axis TA, form taper with discharging angle AW with respect to RADIAL from the propelling flow action spigot surface thereon of inlet nozzle AD, described RADIAL angularly enters the inner space.By the gap L U between the adjacent turbines blade from middle space ZR out the time, the glassware for drinking water that is forced to flow out from middle space ZR has flow direction AS, this flow direction points to the opposite radial direction of rotation direction DR of the turbine relevant to inlet nozzle AD.Therefore, extra power is applied on turbine and (particularly is applied on turbine in starting situation), and has increased the starting torque of turbine.Advantageously, discharging angle AT is at least 15 °, is at least especially 25 °.Advantageously, the discharging angle is not more than 50 °.In the measurement of the rotation direction DR of turbine, the width LL of gap L U advantageously between the distance L S between adjacent segment 30% to 200% between, preferably between this distance 50% to 120% between.

Can be advantageously can be individually or with various combinations implement in above-mentioned and claim and figure shown in specific features.The present invention is not subjected to the restriction of described exemplary embodiment, and can improve in many ways in those skilled in the art's limit of power.

Claims

1. water sprinkler, described water sprinkler has water inlet and sprinkler tip, described sprinkler tip forms water out and can be with respect to the matrix pivotable, wherein make described sprinkler tip pivotable by the water sprinkler transmission mechanism, described water sprinkler transmission mechanism is by turbine drives, described turbine rotates and has a plurality of turbine blades around turbine axis, wherein

-advance current to flow through described turbine, described propelling current form at least a portion that flow to the total water current of described water out from described water inlet,

-described turbine can rotate along two opposite rotation directions,

One in-two feed paths is associated with each rotation direction, and described feed path all has at least one inlet nozzle of definite inlet streams direction in each case,

In-described two feed paths one can be connected to described water inlet alternatively by the switching device shifter that is placed in described two feed path upstreams,

And wherein, the water route of described propelling current is designed to strengthen flowing and reducing turbulent flow as follows:

A) flow channel changes direction between the first passage section of feed path and second channel section, described first passage section is basically parallel to described turbine axis at least, described second channel section substantially radially extends in the plane of described turbine blade in the outside of described turbine blade and retrains by the first outer wall and the first inwall in change place of direction, and described outer wall has the progress section of the continuous bend of not being with sharp bend, and/or

B) the third channel section is restrained radially outwardly by the 3rd outer wall, described third channel section finishes at described inlet nozzle place and extends and narrow down equably in this case around described turbine at least with the form of arc, described the 3rd outer wall along the circumferential direction has the progress section of the continuous bend of the arcuate shape of not being with sharp bend, and/or

c) described flow path radially enters the inner space from inlet nozzle via the hole of the inner radial end that is arranged in described turbine blade between the adjacent turbines blade, described inlet nozzle radially is positioned at the outside of the turbine blade that forms annular around described inner space, and described inlet nozzle is with less than the incidence angle of the 45 ° tangent line angulation with respect to turbine, and the spigot surface of the described turbine blade that described inlet nozzle is applied to it forms bending recessedly, and enter in described inner space with an incidence angle with respect to RADIAL along the direction with corresponding direction of rotation with being tapered.

2. water sprinkler according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the radius of curvature of described the first outer wall be not less than deflection place described feed path height 30%, particularly be not less than 60% of this height.

3. water sprinkler according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described the first inwall that joins with the inside of described feed path in deflection area extends with the continuous curved surface with sharp bend not.

4. water sprinkler according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the radius of curvature of described the first inwall be not less than described feed path height 20%, particularly be not less than 40% of this height.

5. a described water sprinkler according to claim 1 to 4, is characterized in that, the second cable district is by the surface of base section and the lid constraint of being fixed in it.

6. water sprinkler according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described the first outer wall surface is formed on described covering.

7. a described water sprinkler according to claim 1 to 6, is characterized in that, it is 90 ° that the direction between described first passage section and described second channel section changes.

8. a described water sprinkler according to claim 1 to 7, is characterized in that, the curvature of described the 3rd outer wall be not less than described turbine radius 20%, particularly be not less than 40% of this radius.

9. a described water sprinkler according to claim 1 to 8, is characterized in that, described propelling current extend from described inlet nozzle less than the angle of 45 ° with the tangent line that rotates with respect to described turbine at the flow direction in described exit.

10. a described water sprinkler according to claim 1 to 9, is characterized in that, the discharging angle is at least 15 °, particularly is at least 25 °.

11. water sprinkler according to claim 10 is characterized in that, described discharging angle is not more than 50 °.

12. a described water sprinkler according to claim 1 to 10 is characterized in that, the extension in gap between the distance between continuous gap 30% and 200% between.

13. a described water sprinkler according to claim 1 to 12 is characterized in that described turbine is equipped with turbine shaft rotationally, and described turbine shaft is surrounded by elastic sealing element.

14. water sprinkler described according to right 13 is characterized in that the diameter of described turbine shaft is not more than 1.5mm.