CN103118372A - Setting method of CDMA (code division multiple access) wireless communication network in high-speed rail environment - Google Patents
Setting method of CDMA (code division multiple access) wireless communication network in high-speed rail environment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a setting method of a CDMA (code division multiple access) wireless communication network in high-speed rail environment. The CDMA wireless communication network comprises a base station set. Each base station comprises more than two signal sources equal in communication coverage radius. Antenna included angle of the base station signal sources meets the conditions that the included angle of the signal sources in the same base station is smaller than phi(S):phi(s)=theta-2*tan<-1>tau*v/s, the theta refers to 5dB lobe angle of the base station signal source antennas, the s refers to a definite distance of the base station signal source antennas from a rail in an actual scene, the tau refers to regulated CDMA system switching time, and the v refers to maximum train speed. Different stations can be set by the method according to different transmission environments before planning and construction, certain relation among azimuth, station spacing and the distance from the rail is guaranteed, construction efficiency can be improved effectively, late optimization work is reduced effectively, and network quality is improved effectively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method to set up of base station site in a kind of wireless communication networks, particularly the method to set up of cdma wireless communication network in the high ferro environment.
Background technology
The speed per hour of high ferro is up to 380 kilometers/hour or higher, it is the sealed type carriage body construction that the train of high-speed railway adopted more, the car body shielding is good, while is along with the continuous quickening of train speed per hour, the impact of the many factors such as penetration loss, Doppler frequency shift highlights, can produce considerable influence to key indexs such as the switching rate of mobile communication, call completing rates, thereby cause wireless network performance to descend.The present invention calculates the site location setting according to the high ferro environmental impact and the sector angle arranges, and maximum possible reduces the high ferro environment to the impact of network quality.
In wireless network under the high ferro environment, the base station is as signal source, because high ferro is that linear situation and speed are higher, therefore arranging and to carry out specific setting according to the covering demand apart from the azimuth, base station between distance, base station and the rail between base station and base station, and the relation that between the three, existence conditions each other.Present website setting when carrying out link budget, does not consider that Doppler affects, and is simultaneously carrying out the three when defining, and the impact between the three is not considered in general independent measuring and calculating, thus after causing networking, the later stage to optimize and revise workload very big.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: technical problem to be solved by this invention is the deficiency for mobile communication in prior art and high ferro environment facies Adapter Property, and the method to set up of cdma wireless communication network in a kind of high ferro environment is provided.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention discloses the wireless communication networks under a kind of high ferro environment, described cdma wireless communication network comprises one group of base station, and a base station comprises the identical signal source of plural communication covering radius, and the setting of the signal source of described base station meets the following conditions:
Angle between the signal source of same base station less than
Wherein, θ is the 5dB field angle of base station signal source antenna; S is base station signal source antenna distance rail set a distance really, v is the train maximum speed, τ requires (second) for the cdma system of regulation switching time, according to different system, different switching type, and can be with reference to the regulation in agreement, regulation in main reference 3GPP, 3GPP2, in reality conversation, will have any different switching time, can be with reference to the numerical value of following table:
| ? | Soft handover | Direct-cut operation | Virtual soft |
| Switching time | 300ms | 5s | 1s |
Wherein, v is that train speed (meter per second) considers that dissimilar train speed there are differences, and calculates according to the train maximum speed, i.e. 300 kilometers/hour of the present permission upper limits (83m/s) herein, can suitably reserve the surplus of 100 kilometers/hour, i.e. 111m/s.
Wherein, s be the base station signal source antenna under actual scene apart from rail set a distance really, s arranges and satisfies greater than S
1(d), and less than S
2(d):
S
2(d)＝R，
Wherein, the computing formula of calculating signal source covering radius R derives from the Okumura-Hata model, but illustrates list of references " Research in Visualization and Simulation of Okumura-Hata propagation forecast model ", Zhang Yanhua, Duan Zhanyun, Shen Lansun, electric wave science journal calendar year 2001s 3 monthly magazine.
Wherein, ρ
1For maximum allows space loss (dB), this depends on the professional ability that receiver receiving ability and needs are realized, can obtain by link budget or test.The antenna of this numerical value and employing, the communication standard of employing are relevant, but the link budget list of references of CDMA " discussion of CDMA1X/EV-DO traffic and link budget model " Li Zhongdong, Tan Yangbo, Zhao Qiyong, " mobile communication " 05 phase in 2005.
Wherein, ρ
2This depends on transmission band and car body materials for car body penetration loss (dB), can test by car body to obtain, and this numerical value is relevant with the position that the car body that uses, passenger are positioned at.The Harmony train of present domestic use has the vehicles such as CRH1, CRH2, CRH3 and CRH5, according to 800M frequency range penetration loss measured result, the compartment loss average out to 25dB of vehicle window is arranged, and there is no the area loss 30-35dB such as junction, compartment, lavatory of vehicle window.But content measurement and result list of references " high ferro covers the discussion of propagation model " Chen Xiongying, Su Huahong " radio communication " the 6th phase in 2009.
Wherein, f is the radio frequency centre frequency (MHz) of the signal source of base station.
Wherein, h is the signal source height (rice) of base station, is generally 20m ~ 40m.
Wherein, b is terminal height (rice), and this terminal comprises handheld terminal, card of surfing Internet etc., considers the situations such as people's height, generally can be set as 1 ~ 1.6 meter.
Wherein, d is real site distance (rice), and d arranges and satisfies less than threshold value d
1:
d
1＝2×(R-τ×v)。
Beneficial effect: the present invention can be when planning construction, just according to different communication environments, website is set, and guarantee azimuth, station spacing and the relation certain apart from assurance between the distance of rail, can effectively improve construction efficiency, reduce the Optimization Work in later stage, and effectively promote network quality.Build the cdma wireless network within prescribed limit of the present invention, can analyze clearly that under the high ferro environment, maximum station spacing requires, website is apart from required distance and the azimuth requirement of rail, reduce the impact that high-speed cruising produces network, thereby effectively guarantee the proper communication quality under the high ferro environment, guarantee wireless network performance.Simultaneously also can greatly reduce the workload of optimizing and revising in later stage.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is done further illustrating, above-mentioned and/or otherwise advantage of the present invention will become apparent.
Fig. 1 be in the invention process base station signal source and rail apart from setting principle figure.
Fig. 2 is the angle setting principle figure between base station signal source in the invention process.
Embodiment
The present invention is when the high-speed railway high-speed motion, build cdma wireless communication network structure in a high ferro environment, form mutual restriction relation between angle three between two signal source sectors of base station spacing, base station distance rail distance and same signal source, guarantee the efficient communication network under high velocity environment.
As shown in Figure 1, two identical information source spacings of communication radius are d, information source apart from rail should be greater than S apart from s
1(d):
S should be less than S simultaneously
2(d):
S
2(d)＝R。
Wherein, R is the signal source communication covering radius of base station, and d is the distance between adjacent base station;
Wherein, ρ
1For maximum allows space loss, ρ
2Be high ferro car body penetration loss, f is the radio frequency centre frequency of the signal source of base station, and h is the height of the signal source of base station, and b is the terminal height.
Two identical base station spacings of communication radius are d as shown in Figure 2, the base station distance rail apart from s, two of same base stations signal source sector angle should less than
Wherein θ is the 5dB field angle of signal source antenna, and s is the distance of base station distance rail, and τ is the switching time of cdma system regulation, and v is the train maximum speed.
Satisfy such relation, can guarantee that signal transmission can guarantee communication requirement in car body, satisfy simultaneously under same base station and switch requirement between different sectors, in common site design, do not consider between the base station apart from two signal source sector angles under d, base station distance rail s and same base station
Between relation, thereby make the base station distance rail can not satisfy the glancing angle requirement apart from s, perhaps signal source sector angle can not satisfy the switching requirement.
Embodiment 1
The method to set up of cdma wireless communication network in the high ferro environment of the present embodiment, take CDMA20001X as example, described cdma wireless communication network comprises one group of base station, a base station comprises the identical signal source of plural communication covering radius, and the setting of the signal source of described base station meets the following conditions:
Angle between the signal source of same base station less than
Wherein, θ is the 5dB field angle of base station signal source antenna, and the 5dB field angle of considering concrete antenna herein is 100 degree.
Wherein, τ requires (second) at system switching time, and according to the requirement of CDMA20001X soft handover, regulation cdma system switching time is 0.3s.
Wherein, v is train speed (meter per second), and the speed of a motor vehicle of Beijing-Shanghai express railway is about 350 kilometers/hour at present, i.e. the speed of 97.2 meter per seconds.
Wherein, s be the base station signal source antenna under actual scene apart from rail set a distance really, s arranges and satisfies greater than S
1(d), and less than S
2(d).
S
2(d)＝R，
Wherein, the formula of calculating signal source covering radius R derives from the Okumura-Hata model.
CDMA20001X take the 800M frequency range carries out analytic explanation as example, and maximum allows space loss ρ
1Adopt following formula to calculate.
ρ
1＝a
1+a
2-a
3-a
4-a
5+a
6-a
7。
Wherein, a
1Be the effective theaomni-directional transmission power of terminal (dBm), a
1=c
1+ c
2-c
3, c
1Be terminal maximum transmission power (dBm), present handheld terminal maximum transmission power is 23dBm; c
2Be terminal antenna gain (dB), this is relevant with the terminal of using, and generally gets 0-2dB; c
3Be human body loss (dB), this numerical value is less, generally gets 0-1dB.
Wherein, a
2Be bs antenna gain (dB), the antenna that this numerical value adopts is relevant, can be with reference to the antenna product explanation of adopting, general value 15-18dB.
Wherein, a
3Be antenna feeder of base station loss (dB), this numerical value is relevant with antenna feeder length used, the loss of 7/8 feeder line of base station employing at present is generally 4dB/100 rice in the loss of 800MHz frequency range, according to the feeder line length computation loss of adopting, generally according to the high value 1-3dB in station.Can obtain by inquiry feeder line manufacturer nominal value for hundred meters loss values of other frequency ranges.
Wherein, a
4Be base station sensitivity (dBm), a
4=e
1+ e
2+ 10 * log (e
3)+e
4, e
1Be thermal noise spectrum density (dBm/Hz), this numerical value is constant ,-174dB; e
2Be noise factor (dB), this numerical value receiver performance is relevant, but the reference device performance specification, between general value 5-8dB; e
3Be corresponding service rate (bps), this numerical value is relevant with the service rate that uses; e
4Be the demodulation threshold of different business speed, be called in the CDMA scene
The service rate that this numerical value is corresponding different, different rates with
Relation as shown in table 1.
Table 1:
Wherein, a
5For disturbing allowance (dB), a
5=-10 * log (1-g), g are load (%), and load is relevant with user scope, generally get 30%-50%.
Wherein, a
6Be soft handover gain (dB), relevant with the switching mode that adopts, as adopting soft handoff, this numerical value can extend this as between 3.0-4.0dB, if the direct-cut operation and the virtual soft that adopt, this numerical value is 0.
Wherein, a
7Be shadow fading allowance (dB), these data are relevant with the edge communications probability, if the edge communications probability is 90%, this numerical value is about 8.97.
The present embodiment is calculated as an example of the maximum data transport service speed 153.6kbps of CDMA20001X, 75% load example, ρ
1=140.56dB.
Wherein, ρ
2Be the car body loss, this has than Important Relations with the vehicle that uses, and according to the Harmony car body of present China's Mainland operation, the present embodiment adopts 25dB to calculate.
Wherein, f is radio frequency centre frequency (MHz), and the present embodiment is take CDMA800M as example, and its up center frequency point is 825MHz, and namely the radio frequency centre frequency is 825MHz.
Wherein, h is base station signal source height (rice), and the present embodiment is got 30 meters.
Wherein, b is terminal height (rice), and this terminal comprises handheld terminal, card of surfing Internet etc., considers the situations such as people's height, and the present embodiment is set as 1.5 meters.
According to above setting, R=525 rice.
Wherein, d is real site distance (rice), and d arranges and satisfies less than d
1:
d
1=2 * (R-τ * v)=991 meter,
Choose d=d
1Maximum station spacing analyze:
S
2(d)=R=525 rice.
Choose signal source apart from rail apart from s=S
2(d), the angle between the signal source of same base station less than
Embodiment 2
The setting of base station in the past, relatively pay attention to the setting of base station spacing, but not with base station signal source antenna azimuth and base station spacing, take into account apart from the distance of rail, but according to setting party's parallactic angle in conventional scene, common neighboring area signal source angle reaches 120 degree.
If under scene in the same manner as in Example 1, the signal source cut angle of azimuths reaches 120 degree, and because only there are 100 degree at the antenna lobe angle, under same signal source, the overlap distance of adjacent coverage cell is zero, can't satisfy the switching requirement.Will cause call drop, and perhaps need at the rail relative position, website to be set, will increase website quantity.The present embodiment can be in the situation that use the website quantity of less, the proper communication under the assurance high-speed mobile scene.
The common website of non-high ferro is different from the high ferro website, does not have the impact apart from rail, and the website setting is not linear simultaneously, and therefore adjacent cell mainly considers the distance between the base station from multiple directions.And existing high ferro peripheral base station is considered separately when arranging between information source apart from d, information source apart from two sector angles under rail s and same base station
Do not combine this three parameters are set, thereby make information source distance Iron gauge can not satisfy the glancing angle requirement from s, perhaps the sector angle can not satisfy the switching requirement.
For other mobile communication standards also applicable the present invention, can require to calculate by the demodulation threshold that duration, centre frequency and corresponding service are switched in modification.
Because the travel speed of early stage railway, highway is lower, the car body loss is less, and the user neither be very high for the requirement of surfing the Net in train, making a phone call, and conventional signal source arranges all and can satisfy the switching requirement.Beginning in 2010, along with the high speed circuits such as Beijing-Shanghai express railway, Shanghai and Nanjing subway are open-minded successively, train speed is brought up to 350 kilometers/hour of high ferro from 120 kilometers/hour original left and right, and it is very high that the loss of high ferro car body also promotes, and reaches 25dB.Due to the car body loss higher after, website needs could satisfy communicating requirement apart from rail is nearer, operated by rotary motion and is being carried out same site azimuth when arranging, the requirement of the speed of a motor vehicle to the More Soft Handoff overlay region all in 500 meters, still the azimuth according to routine arranges, and cover for line, the signal that does not have the opposite covers two spaces between the sector, therefore on rail, the overlap distance of two sectors of same signal is too small is even zero, very easily causes call drop.After Beijing-Shanghai express railway Nanjing to the Shanghai section initial stage completes networking, carry out the network test of signal strength signal intensity, coverage rate reaches more than 95% completely, can satisfy the initial stage designing requirement, call drop has but occured 25 times completely, has had a strong impact on user awareness, referring to table 2.
Table 2:
Through malfunction elimination, find that the fault point comes across the More Soft Handoff failure more, mainly occur in and sector angle larger website near apart from rail.According to the investigation result, by analysis, introduced the relation between base station distance rail distance, base station signal source sector angle and base station spacing in the present invention, signal source sector angle has been adjusted in the subproblem base station.After adjusting according to this programme completely, greatly reduce Special Handle of Drop Question, according to test case for the second time, cutting off rate is reduced to 3 times completely, and all occurs in tunnel area, referring to table 3.
Table 3:
This shows, method to set up of the present invention has solved the More Soft Handoff problem preferably, make angle and base station distance rail distance, base station spacing between same base station signal source satisfy the restriction relation of mentioning in the present embodiment, thereby satisfied the requirement of switching, greatly reduced the generation of cutting off rate.
The invention provides the method to set up of cdma wireless communication network in a kind of high ferro environment; method and the approach of this technical scheme of specific implementation are a lot; the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; should be understood that; for those skilled in the art; under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.In the present embodiment not clear and definite each part all available prior art realized.
Claims (3)
1. the method to set up of cdma wireless communication network in a high ferro environment, described cdma wireless communication network comprises one group of base station, a base station comprises the identical signal source of plural communication covering radius, it is characterized in that, the signal source setting of same base station meets the following conditions:
Angle between the signal source of same base station less than
Wherein θ is the 5dB field angle of signal source antenna, and s is the distance of base station distance rail, and τ is the switching time of cdma system regulation, and v is the train maximum speed.
2. the method to set up of cdma wireless communication network in a kind of high ferro environment according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the base station arranges and meets the following conditions:
The base station distance rail apart from s greater than S
1(d), and less than S
2(d),
S
2(d)＝R；
Wherein, R is the signal source communication covering radius of base station, and d is the distance between adjacent base station;
Wherein, ρ
1For maximum allows space loss, ρ
2Be high ferro car body penetration loss, f is the radio frequency centre frequency of the signal source of base station, and h is the height of the signal source of base station, and b is the terminal height.
3. the method to set up of cdma wireless communication network in a kind of high ferro environment according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, between adjacent base station apart from d less than threshold value d
1:
d
1＝2×(R-τ×v)。
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| CN104159260A (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2014-11-19 | 北京蓝山科技股份有限公司 | Multiple-antenna based mobile communication method for high-speed train |
| CN104735681A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-06-24 | 广东南方电信规划咨询设计院有限公司 | Method for setting LTE network in high-speed rail environment |
| CN107333272A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-11-07 | 华信咨询设计研究院有限公司 | Optimal glancing angle acquisition methods are covered based on the main line of communication that power lobe rotates |
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| CN109548034A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2019-03-29 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | A kind of method and device for disposing base station for high-speed rail |
| CN113923673A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2022-01-11 | 公诚管理咨询有限公司 | Method, system, network device and storage medium for optimizing coverage of high-speed rail dedicated network |
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| CN103607723A (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2014-02-26 | 北京交通大学 | Wireless communication link estimation method facing high-speed railway linear community |
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| CN104159260A (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2014-11-19 | 北京蓝山科技股份有限公司 | Multiple-antenna based mobile communication method for high-speed train |
| CN104735681A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-06-24 | 广东南方电信规划咨询设计院有限公司 | Method for setting LTE network in high-speed rail environment |
| CN104735681B (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2018-07-27 | 广东南方电信规划咨询设计院有限公司 | The setting method of LTE network in high ferro environment |
| CN107333272A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-11-07 | 华信咨询设计研究院有限公司 | Optimal glancing angle acquisition methods are covered based on the main line of communication that power lobe rotates |
| CN107333272B (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2019-11-22 | 华信咨询设计研究院有限公司 | The main line of communication based on the rotation of power lobe covers optimal glancing angle acquisition methods |
| CN109041007A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-12-18 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | A kind of method for parameter configuration and device of communication cell |
| CN109041007B (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2021-09-28 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Parameter configuration method and device for communication cell |
| CN109548034A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2019-03-29 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | A kind of method and device for disposing base station for high-speed rail |
| CN109548034B (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2021-09-28 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Method and device for deploying base station for high-speed rail |
| CN113923673A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2022-01-11 | 公诚管理咨询有限公司 | Method, system, network device and storage medium for optimizing coverage of high-speed rail dedicated network |
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