CN103116672B - Method of utilizing finite element modeling to judge whether turntable bearing meets requirements - Google Patents
Method of utilizing finite element modeling to judge whether turntable bearing meets requirements Download PDFInfo
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- CN103116672B CN103116672B CN201310035472.6A CN201310035472A CN103116672B CN 103116672 B CN103116672 B CN 103116672B CN 201310035472 A CN201310035472 A CN 201310035472A CN 103116672 B CN103116672 B CN 103116672B
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Abstract
Provided is a method of utilizing finite element modeling to judge whether a turntable bearing meets requirements. A turntable bearing model is established in ANSYS according to a structure parameter of the turntable bearing. Total freedom constraints are imposed on a lower end face of an outer ring of the turntable bearing model, and a radial load, an axial load and an overturning moment load are imposed on an inner ring. Load data of a rolling body is solved and obtained. The security coefficient of the bearing is calculated by utilizing the maximum rolling body load data, and whether the security coefficient meets the requirements. According to the method of utilizing the finite element modeling to judge whether the turntable bearing meets the requirements, the ANSYS is utilized to establish a 'rod-entity' hybrid finite element model of the turntable bearing, and a contact model between an entity rolling body and an entity rolling path is dispensed. The finite element model obviously lowers requirements to computer resources, and the calculation time is greatly shortened.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to turntable bearing and check field, utilize finite element modeling to judge the method whether turntable bearing meets the demands specifically.
Background technology
Turntable bearing is the bearing that a class can bear radial load, axial load and the symphyogenetic special construction of upsetting moment load simultaneously, is widely used in the slew gear of the mechanical systems such as crane, excavator, shield machine, stacker, aerogenerator, medical CT machine, radar antenna and astronomical telescope.Carrying out analytical calculation to the rolling body load diatibution of turntable bearing, and calculate the safety coefficient of bearing further, is the foundation of this class bearing selection and Application and structural design, wherein it is crucial that the calculating of the rolling body load diatibution of turntable bearing.
The computing method of the rolling body load diatibution of turntable bearing have two kinds: analytical method and finite element method.Analytical method needs the mathematical model first setting up bearing, and mathematical model is programmed by recycling computer programming language, and utilize computer program to solve, this is higher to the requirement of technician, and engineering technical personnel are difficult to grasp use in practice.Finite element method needs to utilize finite element analysis software to set up the finite element model of bearing, then carries out solving calculating.Utilizing finite element software to calculate in the classic method of turntable bearing rolling body load diatibution, first solid modelling being carried out to lasso and rolling body, and adopting tetrahedron element SOLID92 grid division.In addition, in the contact site of rolling body and raceway, also will create osculating element CONTACT174 at the surface in contact of rolling body, create object element TARGET170 at the surface in contact of raceway, model carries out derivation after having built.The computer resource that this finite element model takies is very large, high to the configuration requirement of computing machine, computing time long (being about a couple of days), especially often runs into not convergence problem and cause calculating unsuccessfully.
Summary of the invention
For solving the first calculation bearing rolling body load of existing finite element method and then utilizing requiring allocation of computer of existing during this load data computationally secure coefficient high, grow computing time and easily cause calculating failed problem, the invention provides a kind of finite element modeling that utilizes and judge the method whether turntable bearing meets the demands, the method adopts finite element software to carry out the modeling of turntable bearing, then imposed load solve the load obtaining the maximum rolling body of stand under load, and apply mechanically formulae discovery on this basis and go out safety coefficient, then judge whether this safety coefficient meets the demands.
The present invention is the technical scheme solving the problems of the technologies described above employing: utilize finite element modeling to judge the method whether turntable bearing meets the demands, the model of turntable bearing is set up in ANSYS finite element software, then on the lower surface, outer ring of the turntable bearing model set up, the constraint of complete degree of freedom is applied, apply axial load and upsetting moment load in the upper surface of inner ring and apply radial load on the inner diameter cylindrical face of inner ring, then under above stress condition, solve the load data obtaining all rolling bodys in turntable bearing, maximum load data in all rolling body load datas is used to calculate the Max.contact stress between rolling body and raceway, the allowable contact stress recycling this Max.contact stress and given material calculates the safety coefficient f of raceway
s, by the safety coefficient f of raceway
swith the safety coefficient f that will meet
s` compares, if f
s> f
s`, then this turntable bearing meets the demands,
Describedly set up comprising the steps: of the model of turntable bearing
1) in ANSYS finite element software, inner ring entity and the outer ring entity of turntable bearing is set up according to the structural parameters of turntable bearing;
2) on the basis of step 1), create a key point respectively at the active position of each rolling body and two raceways, every a pair key point being connected obtains line segment to replace a rolling body;
3) in step 2) basis on utilize the tetrahedron element SOLID92 in ANSYS database to carry out stress and strain model to inner ring and outer ring entity, utilize the bar unit LINK10 in ANSYS database to carry out stress and strain model to the line segment representing rolling body, complete modeling process.
The inner ring entity of described turntable bearing model and outer ring entity, its foundation comprises the following steps:
First, in ANSYS finite element software, set up the key point on turntable bearing axial profile according to the structural parameters of turntable bearing, then the key point of connection establishment generates the outline line of turntable bearing axial cross section;
Secondly, the parameter of turntable bearing is utilized to set up the cross section of turntable bearing inner ring and outer ring on the basis of the above, then interior ring cross-section is rotated around bearing axis and scan 360 ° of generation inner ring entities, outer ring cross-section is rotated around bearing axis and scans 360 ° of generation outer ring entities.
Beneficial effect: the present invention comparatively prior art has following superiority:
1) the present invention utilizes the interface advantage of FEM-software ANSYS man-machine interactive operation, relative to traditional analytical method calculated by mathematical modeling and Program, reduces the requirement to user of service;
2) the present invention utilizes finite element analysis software ANSYS to set up " bar-entity " hybrid finite element model of turntable bearing, eliminate contact model between entity rolling body and entity raceway, this finite element model significantly reduces the requirement to computer resource, is greatly shortened computing time;
3) finite element model set up of the present invention, the nonlinear contact eliminated between entity rolling body and entity raceway calculates, and will shorten to for tens seconds computing time, avoids the not convergence problem of calculating.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is three-row cylinder roller Tumbler disc bearing structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is turntable bearing lasso axial profile line schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the unit grid schematic diagram of turntable bearing lasso;
Fig. 4 is the cell type schematic diagram of turntable bearing finite element model;
Fig. 5 is the boundary constraint of turntable bearing finite element model and loading schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is the rolling body load diatibution schematic diagram of the turntable bearing using the inventive method to calculate;
Fig. 7 is the result of calculation using the inventive method;
Fig. 8 is the result of calculation using traditional analytic method;
Reference numeral: 1, inner ring, 2, inner ring, 3, rolling body, 4, spacing block, 5, O-ring seal, 6, O-ring seal, 7, rolling body, 8, retainer, 9, rolling body, 10, retainer, 11, O-ring seal, 12, outer ring.
Embodiment
For a more clear understanding of the present invention, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
As certain main frame use the version of turntable bearing for three-row roller turntable bearing, as shown in Figure 1, primarily of inner ring (1,2), rolling body (3,7,9), retainer (8,10), spacing block (4), O-ring seal (5,6,11), outer ring (12) form, wherein, upper row's rolling body is main thrust roller, lower row's rolling body is auxiliary thrust roller, and middle row's rolling body is radial roller.The main structure parameters of bearing is as follows: main thrust roller centre circular diameter is 5796 mm, and main thrust roller diameter is 50 mm, and main thrust roller length is 50 mm, and main thrust roller quantity is 294; Auxiliary thrust roller center circle diameter is 5790 mm, and auxiliary thrust roller diameter is 40 mm, and auxiliary thrust roller length is 40 mm, and auxiliary thrust roller quantity is 354; Radial roller center circle diameter is 5706 mm, and radial roller diameter is 30mm, and radial roller length is 30mm, and radial roller quantity is 448.Bearing operationally bearing load is as follows: radial load is 1000kN, and axial load is 800 kN, and upsetting moment is 10000kN.m.Main frame requires that the safety coefficient of bearing is 2.5, requires that can the safety coefficient of calculation bearing meet the demands.
Finite element modeling is utilized to judge to comprise the following steps the method whether turntable bearing meets the demands:
1) in ANSYS finite element software, set up the key point of turntable bearing axial cross section according to the structural parameters of turntable bearing, then the key point of connection establishment generates the outline line of turntable bearing axial cross section;
First, two kinds of cell types used by turntable bearing finite element model of the present invention are set: tetrahedron element SOLID92 and bar unit LINK10;
Concrete operations are as follows: in the interface of ANSYS software, by operation " Main Menu(master menu) → Preprocessor(front processor) → Element Type(cell type) and → Add/Edit/Delete(increase/editor/delete) ", eject " Element Types " dialog box, in dialog box, add SOLID92 and LINK10 two kinds of cell types;
Secondly, in the axial cross section of bearing, the closed region that the cross section of lasso is made up of some line segments, sets up key point at the end points of these line segments, as, outer ring is arranged the intersection point etc. of the intersection point of raceway and upper surface, the intersection point of upper surface, outer ring and external cylindrical surface, outer ring external cylindrical surface and lower surface;
Concrete operations are as follows: in the interface of ANSYS software, by operation " Main Menu(master menu) → Preprocessor(front processor) → Modeling(modeling) → Creat(creates) → Keypoints(key point) → In Active CS(is in moving coordinate system) ", then eject dialog box, in dialog box, input numbering and the coordinate figure of key point.Create all key points according to the method;
Finally, in the axial cross section of bearing, connect the outline line that defined adjacent key point obtains cross section;
Concrete operations are as follows: in the interface of ANSYS software, by operation " Main Menu(master menu) → Preprocessor(front processor) → Modeling(modeling) → Creat(creates) → Line(line) → Lines(creates line) → In Active CS(is in moving coordinate system) ", then dialog box is ejected, two key points are chosen to generate line segment successively with mouse, create all line segments according to the method, these line segments form the cross section profile of lasso, as shown in Figure 2;
2) on the basis of step 1), the parameter of turntable bearing is utilized to set up the cross section of turntable bearing inner ring and outer ring, then interior ring cross-section is rotated around bearing axis and scan 360 ° of generation inner ring entities, outer ring cross-section is rotated around bearing axis and scans 360 ° of generation outer ring entities;
First, in the axial cross section of bearing, generated the cross section of inner ring and outer ring by the cross section contour of defined lasso;
Concrete operations are as follows: in the interface of ANSYS software, by operation " Main Menu(master menu) → Preprocessor(front processor) → Modeling(modeling) → Creat(creates) → Area(face) → Arbitrary(arbitrary shape) → By Lines(passes through line) ", then dialog box is ejected, select the cross section contour of inner ring with mouse successively, click the cross section that " OK " button obtains inner ring.Obtain the cross section of outer ring according to the method again;
Next, rotate interior ring cross-section around bearing axis and scan 360 ° of generation inner ring entities; Outer ring cross-section is rotated around bearing axis and scans 360 ° of generation outer ring entities;
Concrete operations are as follows: in the interface of ANSYS software, by operation " Main Menu(master menu) → Preprocessor(front processor) → Modeling(modeling) → Operate(operates) → Extrude(stretches) → Areas(face) → About Axis(is about axle) ", then dialog box is ejected, select the cross section of inner ring with mouse, click " OK " button; Eject dialog box again, select two key points on rotation with mouse, click " OK " button; Eject " Sweep Areas about Axis " dialog box, in dialog box, input the anglec of rotation is 360 °, generates inner ring entity; Regeneration outer ring entity according to the method;
3) in step 2) basis on, create a key point respectively at the active position of each rolling body and two raceways, by every a pair key point be connected obtain line segment to replace a rolling body;
Concrete operations are as follows: in the interface of ANSYS software, by operation " Main Menu(master menu) → Preprocessor(front processor) → Modeling(modeling) → Creat(creates) → Keypoints(key point) → In Active CS(is in moving coordinate system) ", then dialog box is ejected, in dialog box, input numbering and the coordinate figure of key point, create all key points according to the method;
In the interface of ANSYS software, by operation " Main Menu(master menu) → Preprocessor(front processor) → Modeling(modeling) → Creat(creates) → Line(line) → Lines(creates line) → In Active CS(is in moving coordinate system) ", then eject dialog box, choose two key points to generate line segment successively with mouse; Create all line segments according to the method, replace a rolling body with each line segment;
4) on the basis of step 3), stress and strain model is carried out to inner ring entity, outer ring entity and the line segment that represents rolling body;
First, utilize tetrahedron element SOLID92 to inner ring and outer ring entity division grid;
Concrete operations are as follows: in the interface of ANSYS software, by operation " Main Menu(master menu) → Preprocessor(front processor) → Meshing(grid) → Mesh Attributes(grid property) → all the bodies of All Volumes() ", then eject " Volume Attributes " dialog box, the type of setting unit is " SOLID92 ";
In the interface of ANSYS software, by operation " Main Menu(master menu) → Preprocessor(front processor) → Meshing(grid) → Mesh(grid division) → Volumes(body) → Free(freely divides) ", then " Mesh Volume " dialog box is ejected, inner ring and the outer ring solid model of bearing is chosen with mouse, click " OK " button and carry out stress and strain model, as shown in Figure 3;
Secondly, bar unit LINK10 is utilized to carry out stress and strain model to the line segment representing rolling body;
Concrete operations are as follows: in the interface of ANSYS software, by operation " Main Menu(master menu) → Preprocessor(front processor) → Meshing(grid) → Mesh Attributes(grid property) → All Lines(institute wired) ", then eject " Line Attributes " dialog box, the type of setting unit is " Link10 ";
In the interface of ANSYS software, by operation " Main Menu(master menu) → Preprocessor(front processor) → Meshing(grid) → Mesh(grid division) → Lines(line); then eject " Mesh Line " dialog box; choose each root to represent the line segment of each rolling body one by one with mouse; click " OK " button carry out stress and strain model, as shown in Figure 4;
5) on the lower surface, outer ring of the turntable bearing model of step 4) foundation, apply the constraint of full degree of freedom, apply axial load and upsetting moment load in the upper surface of inner ring, on the inner diameter cylindrical face of inner ring, apply radial load;
First, the lower surface, outer ring of turntable bearing model is applied to the constraint of all degree of freedom;
Concrete operations are as follows: in the interface of ANSYS software, by operation " Main Menu(master menu) → Solution(solves) → Define Loads(defines load) → Apply(loads) → Structural(structure) → Displacement(displacement) → On Areas(on the whole) ", then " Apply U is ejected, ROT on Areas " dialog box, the bottom surface of bearing outer ring is chosen with mouse, click " OK " button, eject " Apply U, ROT on Areas " dialog box, in dialog box, " ALL DOF " is set, click " OK " button again, the constraint lower surface, outer ring of bearing being applied to all degree of freedom (comprises along X, Y, Z translation of axes degree of freedom and around X, Y, the rotary freedom of Z coordinate axis), as shown in Figure 5,
Secondly, the inner ring of bearing applies axial load, upsetting moment load respectively and applying radial load on the inner diameter cylindrical face of inner ring;
Concrete operations are as follows: in the interface of ANSYS software, by operation " Main Menu(master menu) → Solution(solves) → Define Loads(defines load) → Apply(loads) → Structural(structure) → Pressure(pressure) → On Areas(on the whole) ", then " Apply PRES on Areas " dialog box is ejected, the upper surface of bearing inner race is chosen with mouse, click " OK " button, eject " Apply PRES on Areas " dialog box, the numerical value of " Load PRES value " is set in dialog box, click " OK " button again, the axis completing bearing loads.In this way, choose the inner cylinder face of bearing inner race with mouse, complete the radial loaded of bearing;
In the interface of ANSYS software, by operation " Main Menu(master menu) → Solution(solves) → Define Loads(defines load) → Apply(loads) → Structural(structure) → Force/Moment(power/moment) → On Nodes(is on node) ", then " Apply F/M on Nodes " dialog box is ejected, the upper surface of bearing inner race is chosen with mouse, click " OK " button, eject " Apply F/M on Nodes " dialog box, direction and the numerical value of load are set in dialog box, then click " OK " button.After the same method, the radial position that load is corresponding therewith in the upper surface of bearing inner race applies an equal and opposite in direction and the contrary load in direction, and the moment realizing bearing loads, as shown in Figure 5;
6) set up turntable bearing model is solved under the stress condition of step 5), obtain the load data of all rolling bodys of turntable bearing;
Concrete operations are as follows: in the interface of ANSYS software, by operation " Main Menu(master menu) → Solution(solves) → Solve(solves) → Current LS(solves current load step) ", click " OK " button and carry out solving of finite element model;
After ANSYS has solved, in interface by operation " Main Menu(master menu) the general preprocessor of → GeneralPostproc() → List Results(list display result) → Nodal Loads(panel load) ", eject " List Nodal Loads " dialog box, choose in dialog box " All items ", click the output that " OK " button carries out solving result;
7) safety coefficient that the maximum load data utilizing rolling body to be subject to carry out bearing calculates
By solving calculating to finite element model, obtain all rolling body load datas, the safety coefficient utilizing these data can carry out bearing calculates.The attached rolling body load diatibution that Figure 6 shows that the turntable bearing utilizing the inventive method to calculate, from figure, data can obtain maximum rolling body load Q
max, according to formula σ
max=190.6 (Q
max∑ ρ/l
w)
0.5the Max.contact stress σ between rolling body and raceway can be calculated
max.Allowable contact stress [the σ of given turntable bearing material
max]=4000MPa, recycling formula f
s=([σ
max]/σ
max)
2the safety coefficient that raceway is often arranged in calculation can be calculated.The implication that in described formula, parameters symbol represents is as follows:
∑ ρ---principal curvatures sum functions
L
w---roller length
The result of calculation of the inventive method and traditional analytic method is respectively as shown in accompanying drawing 7 and accompanying drawing 8;
Can be drawn by accompanying drawing 7 and accompanying drawing 8, the result that the result utilizing method provided by the invention to calculate and traditional analytic method calculate is very close, and this illustrates that the turntable bearing finite element model of the simplification that the present invention sets up is rational.
According to the result of calculation of the inventive method, the safety coefficient of bearing is the minimum value in table 1 in safety coefficient: 16.661, the basis for estimation whether met the demands with design using this coefficient as bearing type selecting: this bearing safety coefficient is much larger than 2.5 required by main frame, main frame requirement can be met, and comparatively more than needed, namely this turntable bearing meets the demands.
Claims (2)
1. utilize finite element modeling to judge the method whether turntable bearing meets the demands, the model of turntable bearing is set up in ANSYS finite element software, then on the lower surface, outer ring of the turntable bearing model set up, the constraint of complete degree of freedom is applied, apply axial load and upsetting moment load in the upper surface of inner ring and apply radial load on the inner diameter cylindrical face of inner ring, then under above stress condition, solve the load data obtaining all rolling bodys in turntable bearing, maximum load data in all rolling body load datas is used to calculate the Max.contact stress between rolling body and raceway, the allowable contact stress recycling this Max.contact stress and given material calculates the safety coefficient f of raceway
s, by the safety coefficient f of raceway
swith the safety coefficient f that will meet
s` compares, if f
s> f
s`, then this turntable bearing meets the demands,
It is characterized in that: the described model setting up turntable bearing comprises the steps:
1) in ANSYS finite element software, inner ring entity and the outer ring entity of turntable bearing is set up according to the structural parameters of turntable bearing;
2) on the basis of step 1), create a key point respectively at the active position of each rolling body and two raceways, every a pair key point being connected obtains line segment to replace a rolling body;
3) in step 2) basis on utilize the tetrahedron element SOLID92 in ANSYS database to carry out stress and strain model to inner ring and outer ring entity, utilize the bar unit LINK10 in ANSYS database to carry out stress and strain model to the line segment representing rolling body, complete modeling process.
2. the finite element modeling that utilizes according to claim 1 judges to it is characterized in that the method whether turntable bearing meets the demands: described turntable bearing model inner ring entity and outer ring entity, and its foundation comprises the following steps:
1) in ANSYS finite element software, set up the key point of turntable bearing axial cross section according to the structural parameters of turntable bearing, then the key point of connection establishment generates the outline line of turntable bearing axial cross section;
2) on the basis of step 1), the parameter of turntable bearing is utilized to set up the cross section of turntable bearing inner ring and outer ring, then interior ring cross-section is rotated around bearing axis and scan 360 ° of generation inner ring entities, outer ring cross-section is rotated around bearing axis and scans 360 ° of generation outer ring entities.
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| CN103761350A (en) * | 2013-10-09 | 2014-04-30 | 合肥工业大学 | High speed railway bearing kinetic analysis method |
| CN104732020B (en) * | 2015-03-13 | 2018-02-02 | 河南科技大学 | The check method of six row roller turntable bearings of kiloton the full Terrain Cranes |
| CN106560815A (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2017-04-12 | 梁明轩 | Ball bearing reliability design method |
| CN107239624B (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2020-07-03 | 重庆大学 | Three-dimensional map method for researching stress characteristics of working device of excavator |
| CN107729597B (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2021-07-30 | 明阳智慧能源集团股份公司 | Tool for checking main shaft bearing raceway |
| CN109033492B (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2024-02-02 | 辽宁三三工业有限公司 | Shield finite element simulation analysis method based on foundation reaction modulus boundary condition |
| CN109492242B (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2023-04-07 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一五研究所 | Long-distance polar coordinate constraint finite element analysis method |
| WO2022011723A1 (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2022-01-20 | 天华化工机械及自动化研究设计院有限公司 | Ansys-based multi-field coupling stress distribution simulation method for high temperature carbonization furnace |
| CN113312823B (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2023-12-19 | 广州颖力科技有限公司 | Finite element post-processing data processing method, system, equipment and storage medium |
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| CN101782105A (en) * | 2010-02-01 | 2010-07-21 | 洛阳轴研科技股份有限公司 | Method for allowing for using maximum load of rolling body to set static load bearing curve of blade bearing |
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| CN101782105A (en) * | 2010-02-01 | 2010-07-21 | 洛阳轴研科技股份有限公司 | Method for allowing for using maximum load of rolling body to set static load bearing curve of blade bearing |
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| Analysis and Calculation of Load Distribution for Slewing Bearing;Li Yunfeng et al.;《Consumer Electronics,Communications and Networks(CECNet),2011International Conference on》;20110408;1046-1049 * |
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