CN103115850B - Method for testing flow resistance of dispersion system under high temperature and high pressure conditions - Google Patents
Method for testing flow resistance of dispersion system under high temperature and high pressure conditions Download PDFInfo
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- CN103115850B CN103115850B CN201310047512.9A CN201310047512A CN103115850B CN 103115850 B CN103115850 B CN 103115850B CN 201310047512 A CN201310047512 A CN 201310047512A CN 103115850 B CN103115850 B CN 103115850B
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for testing the flow resistance of a dispersion system under high temperature and high pressure conditions. The method comprises the following steps of: step A, inducing a displacing agent for displacing into a multiphase fluid disperser to form a uniformly distributed dispersing system by experimental equipment comprising the multiphase fluid disperser in a displacing experiment; step B, inducing the uniformly distributed dispersing system into a micro tube to displace an agent to be displaced in the micro tube, wherein the internal diameter of the micro tube is less than or equal to 250 micrometers; and step C, observing and recording the pressure difference between an inlet end and an outlet end of the micro tube until the pressure difference is qualified, and then calculating the flow resistance according to the qualified pressure difference Zf=delta P/QL, wherein when the pressure difference fluctuation range is within +/-5%, the pressure difference is determined to be qualified, and Zf equals to the flow resistance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil-gas field development experimental technique field, be specifically related to the resistance to flow method of testing of a kind of dispersed system under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions.
Background technology
In oil-gas field development field, polytype flooding method and mechanism research are carried out for improving oil recovery.Generally enter high water-cut stage in China oil field at present, polymer flooding, gas drive, foam flooding, multiple elements chemical the tertiary oil recovery technology such as drive and are paid much attention to, and progressively apply.Drive in technology application process at polymer flooding, gas drive, foam flooding and multiple elements chemical, displacing agent and resident fluid (crude oil, rock gas and local water etc.) will form complicated disperse state, thereby the work such as oil-displacement mechanism, interaction phase mechanism of further investigation fluid dispersion system is very urgent.
At present, the resistance to flow method of testing of fluid is normally under environment under low pressure, and the resistance measurement of fluid in the time of pipe stream mode, calculates by the parameter measurement such as flow differential pressure and flow velocity in straight-run of pipe.At large, in fluid mechanics research range, measurement caliber more than millimeter rank can meet test request.
The apparent viscosity of fluid has various test, and wherein, the rotary viscosity measuring mode under atmospheric conditions is the most general.Under condition of high voltage, there are falling ball method, swivelling pipe method etc.
Above method of testing is only applicable to monophasic fluid (or being mixed into a phase), is not suitable for dispersed system (being the fluid-mixing system of disperse state).Under condition of high voltage, in dispersed system, different alternate fluid volume and distributions change especially, and the flow differential pressure of fluid in straight-run of pipe has raw fluctuation by a relatively large margin, thereby causes the test result of resistance to flow to produce fluctuation by a relatively large margin.Thereby, at present less than the resistance to flow measuring method of the dispersed system for actual oil reservoir under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions and the measuring method of apparent viscosity.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the resistance to flow method of testing of a kind of dispersed system under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, cannot measure the problem of the resistance to flow of the dispersed system of actual oil reservoir under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions to solve prior art.
For this reason, the present invention proposes the resistance to flow method of testing of a kind of dispersed system under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, and the resistance to flow method of testing of described dispersed system under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions comprises the following steps:
Steps A: adopt the experimental facilities that comprises heterogeneous fluid decollator, will be incorporated into heterogeneous fluid decollator for the displacing agent of displacement to form equally distributed dispersed system;
Step B: then use micron tube as testing conduit, equally distributed dispersed system be incorporated in micron tube, with in displacement micron tube by displacing agent, the inside caliber of described micron tube is less than or equal to 250 μ m;
Step C: observe and record the pressure reduction between micron tube entrance point and endpiece, until pressure reduction is qualified, wherein, in the time that pressure-difference fluctuation amplitude is in ± 5%, think that pressure reduction is qualified; After pressure reduction is qualified, calculate resistance to flow according to qualified pressure reduction,
wherein: Zf resistance to flow;
Δ P pressure reduction; Q mobility speed; L micron tube length;
Wherein, described heterogeneous fluid decollator comprises:
Have the container of inner passage, the two ends of described inner passage are respectively the entrance and exit of heterogeneous fluid decollator;
Described heterogeneous fluid decollator also at least comprises: be successively set on the first pore texture block, the first through hole section, the first extension diameter section and the second through hole section between the entrance and exit of described inner passage,
Described the first pore texture block is the blocks with hole, and described the first pore texture block is connected with the entrance of described inner passage;
Described the first through hole section is connected with described the first pore texture block;
Described the first extension diameter section is connected with described the first through hole section, and the bore of described the first extension diameter section is greater than the bore of described the first through hole section;
Described the second through hole section is connected with described the first extension diameter section;
The outlet of described inner passage is communicated with described the second through hole section.
Further, the inside caliber of described micron tube is 100 μ m, 150 μ m, 200 μ m or 250 μ m, and described micron tube length is 3 meters, 5 meters or 10 meters.
Further, observed and recorded one time pressure reduction every 5 minutes.
Further, the experimental facilities that described method of testing adopts specifically comprises:
Constant temperature oven;
Be arranged on the first intermediate receptacle, heterogeneous fluid decollator, micron tube and the second intermediate receptacle in described constant temperature oven, wherein, the endpiece of the first intermediate receptacle is connected to the inlet end of described heterogeneous fluid decollator, the endpiece of described heterogeneous fluid decollator connects the entrance point of described micron tube, and the endpiece of described micron tube connects the first end of described the second intermediate receptacle;
Be arranged on the first injection pump and backpressure pump outside described constant temperature oven, described the first injection pump connects the entrance point of the first intermediate receptacle, and described backpressure pump connects the second end of described the second intermediate receptacle.
Further, described heterogeneous fluid decollator also comprises: be arranged on the second pore texture block in described inner passage, before described the second pore texture block is arranged on the outlet of described inner passage and be positioned at the end of described inner passage, described the first pore texture block is positioned at the head end of described inner passage, and described the first extension diameter section is between described the first pore texture block and described the second pore texture block.
Further, described heterogeneous fluid decollator also comprises: the second extension diameter section and the third through-hole section that connect successively, described the second extension diameter section and third through-hole section are positioned between described pore texture block and described the second pore texture block, the bore of described the second extension diameter section is greater than the bore of described the second through hole section and third through-hole section, and described third through-hole section is connected to the downstream of described the second extension diameter section.
Further, the resistance to flow method of testing of described dispersed system under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions comprises specifically and comprising the following steps:
Step s1: under experimental temperature T, the pressure of the check valve being connected with backpressure pump is set to experimental pressure P, packs water in the second intermediate receptacle, plays and maintains back pressure stabilization, packs fluid to be tested into form dispersed system in the first intermediate receptacle;
Step s2: make the water in the second intermediate receptacle enter into micron tube;
Step s3: then the pressure of the first intermediate receptacle is increased to experimental pressure P until the first intermediate receptacle pressure stability by the first injection pump;
Step s4: the dispersed system in the first intermediate receptacle is stirred; Step s4 occurs in step s3 afterwards or occurs with step s3 simultaneously;
Step s5: then the first intermediate receptacle that dispersed system is housed is communicated with heterogeneous fluid decollator, micron tube, check valve and the second intermediate receptacle, then the first injection pump constant speed is entered pump with constant speed V, backpressure pump constant speed is moved back pump with described speed V simultaneously, make uniform dispersed system flow into micron tube displacement water outlet by heterogeneous fluid decollator gradually, then dispersed system flows out under the control of check valve;
Step s6: after being all dispersed system in micron tube, the flow pressure reduction that produces while stablize of dispersed system is the resistance to flow reflection of this system, the pressure reduction producing while measuring mobile stablizing.
Further, described T is 0～150 DEG C, and pressure P is 0～70MPa, and described the first injection pump injection rate V is 0.001～20ml/min.
Further, step s6 specifically comprises step s60: after being all dispersed system in micron tube, stablize 30min, in 30min to 1 hour, observe and record one time pressure reduction every 5 minutes, in the time that pressure-difference fluctuation amplitude is in ± 5%, think that pressure reduction is qualified; Calculate resistance to flow according to qualified pressure reduction.
Effect of the present invention has:
1, make displacing agent form the compound method of equally distributed dispersed system by heterogeneous fluid decollator, the fluctuation of pressure reduction is limited in a more stable and less scope, make dispersed system there is stable resistance to flow, can simulate the flow condition of actual oil reservoir under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions;
2, use micron tube as testing conduit, the unconspicuous phenomenon of resistance to flow that the millimeter tube having used while having overcome traditional test resistance to flow is brought, on the basis of Classical Fluid Mechanics method of testing, consider microeffect impact, consider the impact of the length flow resistance of micron tube, determine the resistance to flow computing formula of being convenient to contrast, thereby obtained more rational resistance to flow value;
3, the resistance to flow and the apparent viscosity method of testing that form have met the steady testing condition of dispersed system under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow process of resistance to flow method of testing under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions and the structural representation of experimental facilities according to the dispersed system of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is according to the sectional structure of the heterogeneous fluid decollator of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the impact on disperse phase according to the pore texture of the heterogeneous fluid decollator of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the impact on a disperse phase according to the expanding structure of the heterogeneous fluid decollator of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is according to the pressure-difference fluctuation map of magnitudes at the micron tube two ends of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is according to the resistance to flow variation diagram under the different gas liquid ratio conditions of the embodiment of the present invention.
Drawing reference numeral explanation:
1, heterogeneous fluid decollator 11, the first pore texture block 13, the first pore texture block 101, entrance 103, outlet 151, the first through hole section 152, the second through hole section 153, third through-hole section 154, fourth hole section 161, the first extension diameter section 162, the second extension diameter section 163, the 3rd extension diameter section 17, the wall 2 of heterogeneous fluid decollator, the first intermediate receptacle 3, constant temperature oven 5, micron tube 7, the second intermediate receptacle 25, the first injection pump 75, backpressure pump 51, micron tube entrance point 52, micron tube endpiece 53, micron tube entrance point pressure transducer 54, micron tube endpiece pressure transducer 71, the first end 72 of the second intermediate receptacle, the second end 75 of the second intermediate receptacle, backpressure pump 80, flow direction 81, external phase 82, disperse phase 10, pore texture block 83, disperse phase 15, through hole section 16, extension diameter section 18, turbulent region 84, disperse phase
Embodiment
Understand for technical characterictic of the present invention, object and effect being had more clearly, now contrast brief description of the drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention.
1. Method And Principle
(1) set up equally distributed dispersed system formation method
Prior art is difficult to form equally distributed dispersed system, and the present invention is taking service reservoir condition as object, thereby preparation under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, to form equally distributed dispersed system be the basis of carrying out parameters test.
When fluid flows in micrometer level porous medium, tool continuity is subject to equally distributed hole impact, under the stopping of rock particles, different phase fluids in dispersed system in the time flowing in repeatedly experience disperse and the process of polymerization, i.e. dispersed system quilt " stirring ", " mixing " in pore media.
Known by Classical Fluid Mechanics, fluid is in the time entering macropore by little duct, and fluid will produce turbulent flow along macropore end, and action of turbulent flow is by the mixed process promoting between different phase fluids.
The present invention utilizes above-mentioned two principles, has developed the heterogeneous fluid decollator (abbreviation decollator) of applicable high-temperature and high-pressure conditions.
(2) set up resistance to flow and the apparent viscosity method of testing of dispersed system
By Classical Fluid Mechanics theory, fluid (single-phase) flowing in pipe, by Hagen Poiseuille (H-P) equation calculated flow rate, see following formula:
In formula: Q is endpiece volumetric flow rate, r is caliber, and μ is fluid viscosity, and L is pipe range, and Δ P is two ends pressure reduction.
A kind of method of testing that the method is generally adopted, adopts measurement caliber more than millimeter rank conventionally.
Under oil reservoir high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, while studying the seepage flow in pore media, the method is no longer applicable.Reason one: fluid is in pore media, and percolation flow velocity is very slow, and in the measuring tube more than millimeter rank, differential pressure gradients is very little, and measuring error is excessive.Reason two: the pore scale in reservoir rocks is in micron level, and the factors such as solid/liquid interfaces effect can not be ignored.If adopt millimeter measuring tube more than rank, multiple effect will be left in the basket between the solid-liquid under microcosmic condition, liquid/liquid, gas/liquid etc.
In addition, reach after micron level at caliber, under different condition, can produce microscale effect, i.e. the description of flow process and H-P equation departs from.Mobile in micron tube has obvious microscale effect, and actual flow is greater than Classical Fluid Mechanics theoretical prediction flow.
According to carrying out different tube diameters and Reynolds number condition test, determine critical technical parameter of the present invention, micron tube internal diameter is 100 μ m to 250 μ m.The present invention does not limit reynolds number Re, because in the displacement of reservoir oil and micron tube experiment, displacing velocity (flow velocity) is less than 20ml/min, fluid viscosity is less than 100mPas, tubule length is less than 20m, and the reynolds number Re that now flows is still less than 0.1, in research range of the present invention, reynolds number Re is no more than 0.1, meets H-P equation condition completely.
For avoiding the surface roughness impact of micron tube, the micron tube entrance and exit in testing process connects respectively decollator and back pressure pipeline.
Dispersed system, after decollator, enters in the micron tube of 100 μ m to 250 μ m, and disperse phase external diameter is all less than 100 μ m or 250 μ m, and now the resistance to flow of test is minimal flow resistance.According to micron tube measuring principle, carry out test of many times at following experiment condition.0～150 DEG C of temperature; Pressure 0～70MPa; Injection rate 0.001～20ml/min; Micron tube internal diameter divides two kinds of 100 and 250 μ m; Micron tube length divides 3,5 and tri-kinds of 10m.Test findings demonstration, the pressure-difference fluctuation amplitude of measurement is very little, and the mobile Hagen-Poiseuille equation that meets, and the present invention determines resistance to flow and the apparent viscosity of dispersed system under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions thus.
In formula:
Z
r-resistance to flow; Δ P-pressure reduction; Q-mobility speed; L-micron tube length;
η-apparent viscosity; Rc-micron tube internal diameter;
This resistance to flow is compared with resistance to flow in Classical Fluid Mechanics, and in formula, many length items, are conducive to the contrast of different dispersed systems, and its unit is MPas/cm
4.
Although this resistance to flow formula, i.e. formula (1), with classical formulas
compare, only many length items, form is simple.But this formula (1) has taken into full account laminar flow and the feature without microscale effect.The usage of formula (1) is different from classical formulas, and classical formulas is to calculate resistance to flow knowing under the prerequisite such as viscosity, flow velocity; The definite formula (1) of the present invention is by measuring pressure reduction (being converted to resistance to flow), counter pushing away under steady flow condition, the viscosity (this parameter is not only relevant with system itself, also relevant with caliber, roughness etc.) of current system.
This experiment flow is very simple displacement flow process, but investigation demonstration, and this flow process is not used to evaluate the performance such as fluid viscosity, resistance to flow.System research and development department generally adopts the method for viscosity contrast to judge resistance to flow, and is generally to carry out under normal pressure, and method is not suitable for condition of high voltage.Its experiment condition (caliber is large, length is short) greatly differs from each other with the true seepage flow condition in reservoir pore, thereby exists laboratory evaluation effect fine, and the undesirable situation of effect.Core of the present invention has been to determine suitable caliber, the homodisperse method of two-phase system and device, and test and evaluation result meet reservoir pore condition, can be good at instructing Oil Field.
2, the principle of heterogeneous fluid decollator
As Fig. 2 to Fig. 4, heterogeneous fluid decollator 1 is mainly made up of pore texture block 10, through hole section 15 and extension diameter section 16, through hole section 15 and extension diameter section 16 are the cavity in the wall 17 that is arranged on heterogeneous fluid decollator, and the wall 17 of heterogeneous fluid decollator is impermeability material, for example, be steel.The entrance of heterogeneous fluid decollator 1 is connected with the first intermediate receptacle 2, and the outlet of heterogeneous fluid decollator 1 is connected with micron tube 5.As Fig. 3, pore texture block 10 can be selected steel rock core or true core, after dispersed system flows through from pore texture block 10 according to flow direction 80, disperse phase 82 can be subject to the impact of hole, rock particles, venturi and interfacial effect, the processes such as section, distortion and polymerization are separated, blocked to experience, in the time of tap hole gap structure block 10, it is small and even that disperse phase 83 becomes.As Fig. 4, disperse phase 83 continues to keep from pore texture block 10 disperse state out in through hole section 15, while entering extension diameter section 16, from fluid mechanics knowledge, to produce turbulent flow at extension diameter section corner, form turbulent region 18, action of turbulent flow is that disperse phase 83 continues to diminish, becomes evenly, forms less more uniform disperse phase 84.For contrast disperse phase is through the state variation before and after decollator, shunt circuit before and after disperseing, and observe in the visual autoclave of microcosmic.In the test of this example, the Dispersed Phase Size before decollator is irregular, has strip to exist, and uniform grading is between 2mm～5mm; After decollator, disperse phase becomes regular spherical substantially, and particle diameter is between 0.1mm～0.5mm; Thereby decollator has reached the object that makes disperse phase become more small, be more evenly distributed.
In the present invention, the number of the number of pore texture block and through hole section and extension diameter section can be one or for example, for multiple,, as Fig. 2, under the effect of two-stage pore texture block and three grades of extension diameter sections, in dispersed system, disperse phase becomes evenly, can form more stable resistance to flow.
3, according to above-mentioned principle, the resistance to flow method of testing of dispersed system of the present invention under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, the resistance to flow method of testing of described dispersed system under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions comprises the following steps:
Steps A: as shown in Figure 1, adopting the experimental facilities that comprises heterogeneous fluid decollator 1, will be for example the displacing agent for displacement, or other fluid to be tested or dispersed systems, is incorporated in heterogeneous fluid decollator 1 to form equally distributed dispersed system;
Step B: as shown in Figure 1, use micron tube as testing conduit, to after heterogeneous fluid decollator 1, form equally distributed dispersed system is incorporated in micron tube 5, the inside caliber of described micron tube 5 is less than or equal to 250 μ m, in micron tube, actual flow is greater than Classical Fluid Mechanics theoretical prediction flow, takes micron tube more can embody actual reservoir condition;
Step C: as shown in Figure 1, observe and record the pressure reduction between micron tube entrance point 51 and endpiece 52, this pressure reduction is the pressure reduction of the dispersed system at micron tube two ends, until pressure reduction is qualified, wherein, in the time that pressure-difference fluctuation amplitude is in ± 5%, thinks that pressure reduction is qualified; After pressure reduction is qualified, calculate resistance to flow according to qualified pressure reduction,
and apparent viscosity
wherein: Zf-resistance to flow; Δ P-pressure reduction; Q-mobility speed; L-micron tube length; η-apparent viscosity; Rc-micron tube internal diameter;
Wherein, as shown in Figure 2, described heterogeneous fluid decollator 1 comprises:
Have the container of inner passage, inner passage is arranged in stainless wall 17, and the outward appearance of wall 17 can be cylindrical, and inside is provided with notch cuttype circular hole, and inner passage is stepped appearance, and the two ends of described inner passage are respectively entrance 101 and outlet 103;
Described heterogeneous fluid decollator 1 also at least comprises: is successively set on the entrance 101 of described inner passage and exports the first pore texture block 11, the first through hole section 151, the first extension diameter section 161 and the second through hole section 152 between 103,
Described the first pore texture block 11 is for having the blocks of hole, described the first pore texture block 11 is connected with described entrance 101, dispersed system (or displacing agent) enters the first pore texture block 11 from entrance 101, pore texture block can be selected steel rock core or true core, as Fig. 3, dispersed system comprises: external phase 81 (being for example water) and disperse phase 82 (being for example gas), when dispersed system is from the first pore texture block 11 flows through, disperse phase 82 can be subject to hole, rock particles, the impact of venturi and interfacial effect, experience is separated, card section, the processes such as distortion and polymerization, in the time flowing out block, disperse phase 82 becomes more small and uniform disperse phase 83, external phase does not change, before and after coming in and going out, be all external phase.
As Fig. 2, described the first through hole section 151 is connected with described the first pore texture block 11;
Described the first extension diameter section 161 is connected with described the first through hole section 151, and the bore of described the first extension diameter section 161 is greater than the bore of described the first through hole section 151;
Described the second through hole section 152 is connected with 161 sections of described the first hole enlargements;
Described outlet 103 is communicated with described the second through hole section 152.
As Fig. 4, disperse phase 83 continues to keep from pore texture block 10 disperse state out in through hole section 15, while entering extension diameter section 16, from fluid mechanics knowledge, to produce turbulent flow at extension diameter section corner, form turbulent region 18, action of turbulent flow is that disperse phase 83 continues to diminish, becomes evenly, forms less more uniform disperse phase 84.
(1), make displacing agent form the compound method of equally distributed dispersed system by heterogeneous fluid decollator, the fluctuation of pressure reduction is limited in a more stable and less scope, make dispersed system there is stable resistance to flow, can simulate the flow condition of actual oil reservoir under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions;
(2), use micron tube as testing conduit, the unconspicuous phenomenon of resistance to flow that the millimeter tube having used while having overcome traditional test resistance to flow is brought, on the basis of Classical Fluid Mechanics method of testing, consider microeffect impact, consider the impact of the length flow resistance of micron tube, determine the resistance to flow computing formula of being convenient to contrast, thereby obtained more rational resistance to flow value;
In the present invention, the number of the number of pore texture block and through hole section and extension diameter section can be one or be multiple, for example, as Fig. 2, described heterogeneous fluid decollator 1 also comprises: be arranged on the second pore texture block 13 in described inner passage, described the second pore texture block 13 is arranged on described outlet 103 before and is positioned at the end of described inner passage, described the first pore texture piece 11 bodies are positioned at the head end of described inner passage, and described the first extension diameter section 151 is between described the first pore texture block 11 and described the second pore texture block 13.Under the effect of two-stage pore texture block, in dispersed system, disperse phase becomes evenly, can form more stable resistance to flow.
Further, as Fig. 2, described heterogeneous fluid decollator 1 also comprises: the second extension diameter section 162 and the third through-hole section 153 that connect successively, described the second extension diameter section 162 and third through-hole section 153 are between described the first pore texture block 11 and described the second pore texture block 13, the bore of described the second extension diameter section 162 is greater than the bore of described the second through hole section 152 and third through-hole section 153, and described third through-hole section 153 is connected to the downstream of described the second extension diameter section 162.As Fig. 2, under the effect through two-stage hole enlargement, in dispersed system, disperse phase becomes evenly, can form more stable resistance to flow.
Further, as Fig. 2, described heterogeneous fluid decollator 1 also comprises: the 3rd extension diameter section 163 and the fourth hole section 154 that connect successively, described the 3rd extension diameter section 163 and fourth hole section 154 are between described the first pore texture block 11 and described the second pore texture block 13, the bore of described the 3rd extension diameter section 163 is greater than the bore of described third through-hole section 153 and fourth hole section 154, described fourth hole section 154 is connected to the downstream of described the 3rd extension diameter section 163, and described the second pore texture block 13 is connected to the downstream of described fourth hole section 154.Under the effect of two-stage pore texture block and three grades of extension diameter sections, in dispersed system, disperse phase becomes evenly, can form more stable resistance to flow.
In above-mentioned heterogeneous fluid decollator, each through hole section diameter or bore can be identical, and each extension diameter section diameter or bore can be identical, so that contrast is also convenient in processing.
Further, the inside caliber of described micron tube 5 is 100 μ m, 150 μ m, 200 μ m or 250 μ m, and described micron tube length is 3 meters, 5 meters or 10 meters.As preferably selecting, the inside caliber of micron tube 5 is 100 μ m, and micron tube 5 is steel pipeline, external diameter 1.6mm, withstand voltage 70MPa.This type of pipeline widespread use in stratographic analysis, meets the feature of standard component, and makes the bore of disperse phase be less than 100 μ m, the mobile laminar flow that is in experimentation, and it is more accurate to test.
Further, observe and record one time pressure reduction every 5 minutes, this time interval can obtain stable experimental data.
Further, as shown in Figure 1, the experimental facilities that described method of testing adopts specifically comprises:
Constant temperature oven 3, plays the effect of heating and control temperature;
Be arranged on the first intermediate receptacle 2, heterogeneous fluid decollator 1, micron tube 5 and the second intermediate receptacle 7 in described constant temperature oven 3, wherein, the endpiece of the first intermediate receptacle 2 is connected to the inlet end of described heterogeneous fluid decollator 1, the endpiece of described heterogeneous fluid decollator 1 connects the entrance point 51 of described micron tube 5, and the endpiece 52 of described micron tube connects the first end 71 of described the second intermediate receptacle 7;
Be arranged on the first injection pump 25 and backpressure pump 75 outside described constant temperature oven 3, described the first injection pump 25 connects the entrance point (lower end of the first intermediate receptacle 2 in Fig. 1) of the first intermediate receptacle 2, and described backpressure pump 75 connects the second end 72 of described the second intermediate receptacle.Wherein, the parts in constant temperature oven 3 (the first intermediate receptacle 2, heterogeneous fluid decollator 1, micron tube 5 and the second intermediate receptacle 7) are connected by pipeline with the associated components (the first injection pump 25 and backpressure pump 75) outside constant temperature oven 3.
The first intermediate receptacle 2 is for example stirring-type intermediate receptacle, and the first injection pump 25 is to displacing agent supercharging, and stirrer fully stirs the disperse phase in displacing agent.Produced fluid in micron tube 5 enters the second intermediate receptacle 7 (without piston intermediate receptacle) under same equal pressure, and backpressure pump 75 is by moving back pump speed controlled pressure.The interior liquid immiscible with dispersed system, the shortcoming that while having avoided piston to move up and down, needed pressure reduction and stress reaction lag behind of being full of in advance of the second intermediate receptacle 7.
Further, the resistance to flow method of testing of described dispersed system under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions comprises specifically and comprising the following steps:
Step s1: connect experimental facilities according to Fig. 1, close valve, micron tube inlet end valve and endpiece valve and the valve of the second intermediate receptacle first end 71 and the valve of the second end 72 that the first intermediate receptacle 2 valve connected with heterogeneous fluid decollator 1, the first intermediate receptacle 2 are connected with the first injection pump 25; Disconnect the connection between decollator 1, micron tube 5, the second intermediate receptacle 7 and the first intermediate receptacle 2;
Under experimental temperature T, the pressure of the check valve being connected with backpressure pump 75 is set to experimental pressure P, check valve is between backpressure pump and the second intermediate receptacle lower end, in the second intermediate receptacle 7, pack water (can be used as by displacing agent) into, play and maintain back pressure stabilization, in the first intermediate receptacle 2, pack into dispersed system (can be for displacing agent, dispersed system is insoluble to oily foam system and tests as example taking water-soluble, for example, foam system is CO
2with oily potpourri, gas liquid ratio (disperse phase and external phase ratio are 1: 10), the fluid in these two intermediate receptacles is all opened lid in the Preparatory work of experiment stage, pours into container;
Step s2: then, for example, open respective valves, decollator 1, micron tube 5, the second intermediate receptacle 7 and check valve are communicated with; Make the water in the second intermediate receptacle enter into micron tube; The second intermediate receptacle 7 is without piston intermediate receptacle, the interior liquid immiscible with dispersed system, the shortcoming that while having avoided piston to move up and down, needed pressure reduction and stress reaction lag behind of being full of in advance of the second intermediate receptacle 7;
Step s3: then open the valve that the first intermediate receptacle 2 is connected with the first injection pump 25, by the first injection pump 25, the pressure of the first intermediate receptacle 2 is increased to experimental pressure P; The first injection pump 2 promotes piston to dispersed system supercharging, until the first intermediate receptacle 2 pressure stabilitys;
Step s4: the dispersed system in the first intermediate receptacle 2 is stirred, and the stirrer in the first intermediate receptacle 2 fully stirs disperse phase; Step s4 occurs in step s3 afterwards or occurs with step s3 simultaneously;
Step s5: the first intermediate receptacle that dispersed system is housed is communicated with above-mentioned flow process, then the first injection pump 25 constant speed are entered pump with constant speed V, backpressure pump 75 constant speed are moved back pump with described speed V simultaneously, make uniform dispersed system flow into micron tube 5 displacement water outlets by decollator 1 gradually, then dispersed system flows out under the control of check valve;
Step s6: when micron tube 5 is interior be all dispersed system after, the flow pressure reduction that produces while stablize of dispersed system is the resistance to flow reflection of this system, the pressure reduction producing while measuring mobile stablizing.
Wherein, step s6 specifically comprises step s60: after being all dispersed system in micron tube, stablize 30min, in 30min to 1 hour, observe and recorded one time pressure reduction every 5 minutes, for example, record and measure pressure reduction by micron tube entrance point pressure transducer 53 and micron tube endpiece pressure transducer 54, in the time that pressure-difference fluctuation amplitude is in ± 5%, think that pressure reduction is qualified; Calculate resistance to flow according to qualified pressure reduction.
Further, described T is 0～150 DEG C, and pressure P is 0～70MPa, and described the first injection pump injection rate V is 0.001～20ml/min.As better selection, T is 80 DEG C, and the first intermediate receptacle 2 pressure are 50MPa, and the first injection pump injection rate V is 5ml/min (the first injection pump 2 injects with constant speed V, and backpressure pump 7 moves back pump with constant speed V simultaneously).As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, micron tube 10m, micron tube internal diameter 250 μ m, after 30 minutes, pressure-difference fluctuation amplitude is in ± 5%, now, test pressure differential 3.21MPa, gas liquid ratio is 1: 10 (ratio 0.1), now calculating resistance to flow is 0.063MPas/cm
4apparent viscosity is 0.57mPas, displacing agent in the first intermediate receptacle 2 can select to add oil/gas/water, and control and be pumped in the first intermediate receptacle 2 by the first injection pump 1, coordinate different chemical agent to form different dispersed systems, as shown in Figure 6, can obtain resistance to flow and the apparent viscosity under different gas liquid ratio conditions according to test request.Tested this foam system of different gas liquid ratios by the method, its resistance to flow variation tendency has good regularity.Resistance to flow and apparent viscosity method of testing parameter testing and the performance comparison to multicomponent system of dispersed system under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions provides support.Experimental facilities of the present invention and method of testing except dispersed system through heterogeneous fluid decollator laggard enter micron tube, and adopt micron tube to replace outside existing millimeter tube, can be with reference to the experimental facilities and the method for testing that adopt existing resistance to flow and apparent viscosity test.
The foregoing is only the schematic embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit scope of the present invention.For each ingredient of the present invention can mutually combine under the condition of not conflicting, any those skilled in the art, not departing from equivalent variations and the amendment done under the prerequisite of design of the present invention and principle, all should belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. the dispersed system resistance to flow method of testing under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, the resistance to flow method of testing of described dispersed system under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions comprises the following steps: steps A: adopt the experimental facilities that comprises heterogeneous fluid decollator, will be incorporated into heterogeneous fluid decollator for fluid to be tested to form equally distributed dispersed system;
It is characterized in that, the resistance to flow method of testing of described dispersed system under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions is further comprising the steps of:
Step B: then use micron tube as testing conduit, equally distributed dispersed system is incorporated in micron tube, the inside caliber of described micron tube is less than or equal to 250 μ m;
Step C: then observe and record the pressure reduction between micron tube entrance point and endpiece, until pressure reduction is qualified, wherein, in the time that pressure-difference fluctuation amplitude is in ± 5%, thinking that pressure reduction is qualified; After pressure reduction is qualified, calculate resistance to flow according to qualified pressure reduction,
wherein: Z
f-resistance to flow;
△ P-pressure reduction; Q-mobility speed; L-micron tube length;
Wherein, described heterogeneous fluid decollator comprises:
Have the container of inner passage, the two ends of described inner passage are respectively entrance and exit;
Described heterogeneous fluid decollator also at least comprises: be successively set on the first pore texture block, the first through hole section, the first extension diameter section and the second through hole section between the entrance and exit of described inner passage,
Described the first pore texture block is the blocks with hole, and described the first pore texture block is connected with the entrance of described inner passage;
Described the first through hole section is connected with described the first pore texture block;
Described the first extension diameter section is connected with described the first through hole section, and the bore of described the first extension diameter section is greater than the bore of described the first through hole section;
Described the second through hole section is connected with described the first extension diameter section;
The outlet of described inner passage is communicated with described the second through hole section.
2. the resistance to flow method of testing of dispersed system as claimed in claim 1 under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, is characterized in that, the inside caliber of described micron tube is 100 μ m, 150 μ m, 200 μ m or 250 μ m, and described micron tube length is 3 meters, 5 meters or 10 meters.
3. the resistance to flow method of testing of dispersed system as claimed in claim 1 under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, is characterized in that, observes and record once described pressure reduction every 5 minutes.
4. the resistance to flow method of testing of dispersed system as claimed in claim 1 under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, is characterized in that, the experimental facilities that described method of testing adopts specifically comprises:
Constant temperature oven;
Be arranged on the first intermediate receptacle, heterogeneous fluid decollator, micron tube and the second intermediate receptacle in described constant temperature oven, wherein, the endpiece of the first intermediate receptacle is connected to the inlet end of described heterogeneous fluid decollator, the endpiece of described heterogeneous fluid decollator connects the entrance point of described micron tube, and the endpiece of described micron tube connects the first end of described the second intermediate receptacle;
Be arranged on the first injection pump and backpressure pump outside described constant temperature oven, described the first injection pump connects the entrance point of the first intermediate receptacle, and described backpressure pump connects the second end of described the second intermediate receptacle.
5. the resistance to flow method of testing of dispersed system as claimed in claim 4 under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, it is characterized in that, described heterogeneous fluid decollator also comprises: be arranged on the second pore texture block in described inner passage, before described the second pore texture block is arranged on the outlet of described inner passage and be positioned at the end of described inner passage, described the first pore texture block is positioned at the head end of described inner passage, and described the first extension diameter section is between described the first pore texture block and described the second pore texture block.
6. the resistance to flow method of testing of dispersed system as claimed in claim 5 under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, it is characterized in that, described heterogeneous fluid decollator also comprises: the second extension diameter section and the third through-hole section that connect successively, described the second extension diameter section and third through-hole section are positioned between described the first pore texture block and described the second pore texture block, the bore of described the second extension diameter section is greater than the bore of described the second through hole section and third through-hole section, and described third through-hole section is connected to the downstream of described the second extension diameter section.
7. the resistance to flow method of testing of dispersed system as claimed in claim 4 under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, is characterized in that, the resistance to flow method of testing of described dispersed system under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions comprises specifically and comprising the following steps:
Step s1: under experimental temperature T, the pressure of the check valve being connected with backpressure pump is set to experimental pressure P, packs water in the second intermediate receptacle, plays and maintains back pressure stabilization, packs fluid to be tested into form dispersed system in the first intermediate receptacle;
Step s2: make the water in the second intermediate receptacle enter into micron tube;
Step s3: then the pressure of the first intermediate receptacle is increased to experimental pressure P until the first intermediate receptacle pressure stability by the first injection pump;
Step s4: the dispersed system in the first intermediate receptacle is stirred; Step s4 occurs in step s3 afterwards or occurs with step s3 simultaneously;
Step s5: then the first intermediate receptacle that dispersed system is housed is communicated with heterogeneous fluid decollator, micron tube, check valve and the second intermediate receptacle, then the first injection pump constant speed is entered pump with constant speed V, backpressure pump constant speed is moved back pump with described speed V simultaneously, make uniform dispersed system flow into micron tube displacement water outlet by heterogeneous fluid decollator gradually, then dispersed system flows out under the control of check valve;
Step s6: after being all dispersed system in micron tube, the flow pressure reduction that produces while stablize of dispersed system is the resistance to flow reflection of this system, the pressure reduction producing while measuring mobile stablizing.
8. the resistance to flow method of testing of dispersed system as claimed in claim 7 under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, is characterized in that, described T is 0～150 DEG C, and pressure P is 0～70MPa, and described the first injection pump injection rate V is 0.001～20ml/min.
9. the resistance to flow method of testing of dispersed system as claimed in claim 7 under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, it is characterized in that, step s6 specifically comprises step s60: after being all dispersed system in micron tube, stablize 30min, in 30min to 1 hour, observed and recorded one time pressure reduction every 5 minutes, in the time that pressure-difference fluctuation amplitude is in ± 5%, think that pressure reduction is qualified; Calculate resistance to flow according to qualified pressure reduction.
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| CN106932307A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-07-07 | 钦州学院 | A kind of dynamic viscosity test device and its method of testing |
| CN109297440A (en) * | 2018-11-04 | 2019-02-01 | 江苏兴达钢帘线股份有限公司 | A method of using rotary viscosity measuring cylinder object surfaces versus rough degree |
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