CN103112466B - Rail vehicle truck - Google Patents
Rail vehicle truck Download PDFInfo
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- CN103112466B CN103112466B CN201310056961.XA CN201310056961A CN103112466B CN 103112466 B CN103112466 B CN 103112466B CN 201310056961 A CN201310056961 A CN 201310056961A CN 103112466 B CN103112466 B CN 103112466B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of rail vehicle truck, comprise the first round to, second take turns to, be arranged on first and second and take turns the first side frame outside to two ends and the second side frame, and bolster, shock attenuation unit, adapter, secondary spring hang, often contact side bearing, it is characterized in that: between the little drawing strickle guide in each side frame end and adapter, two stage stiffness primary spring is housed, between the first side frame and the delthyrium of the second side frame, be connected with the first pull bar and the second pull bar, and the first pull bar and the second pull bar intersect mutually.Its advantage is: structure is simple, easy to maintenance, adaptable to distortion circuit, the shear deformation of bogie truck side frames is made to be subject to elastic restraint, diamonding is suppressed, bogie truck is made to have certain ability of replying normotopia, alleviate the dynamic deformation from motion of wheel track part simultaneously, improve radial ability and running velocity and curve negotiation ability between bogie truck wheel track, improve vehicle operating quality.<!--1--><!--2-->
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rail vehicle truck, belong to rail vehicle truck field.
Background technology
Bogie truck realizes mainly plaing in operation in column at rail traffic vehicles and turns to (smoothly by each curve), carrying (realizing load-carrying target), traveling (realizing running velocity and riding quality), braking (realizing operational vehicle in column to stop in predetermined distance) effect.It is that rail traffic vehicles realizes heavy duty speed-raising and ensures key and the basis of vehicle operating quality.
Research is pointed out, the Hunting stability of diamond resistant rigidity to bogie truck of bogie truck has controlling effect, and diamond resistant rigidity is little, two-wheeled is shaken the head and reverse transverse motion in the same way to easy generation, bogie truck condenser stability is just poor, easily Snakes model occurs, and reduces vehicle stability.Therefore, the diamond resistant rigidity improving bogie truck is extremely important.
Current track load carrying vehicle bogie truck is mainly cast steel three-piece bogie, and in traditional cast steel three-piece bogie, its principal character is that side frame is connected by side frame central authorities square hole with bolster.Bolster can relatively left and right side frame do rise and fall, rolling pendulum motion.It is retrained by the spring at bolster two ends and oblique wedge vibration damper that side frame rotates relative to the level (shaking the head) of bolster, this the way of restraint is very not firm, and the magnitude of load that the prevention bolster that it provides bears with constraint and spring damper that diamonding occurs between side frame, the abrasion state of wedge are relevant with geometric configuration.When being in complete vehicle curb condition or wedge severe wear, this constraint is more open.When bogie truck runs, because front and back wheel is shaken the head and counter yaw moment serpentine locomotion in the same way to producing, will make the angular transposition in the same way in left and right side frame relative bolster occurred level plane, namely there is diamonding in bogie truck " framework ", affect operation stability, increase wheeling edge wearing.Meanwhile, when vehicle runs on curve, by the impact of side frame " rhombus dislocation ", the critical speed of curve passing through motion also can reduce, and aforementioned various adverse consequences also can be aggravated, and the maintenance cost of vehicle is also higher.
Meanwhile, cast steel three-piece bogie generally can be divided into again primary spring suspension and secondary spring to hang two kinds according to spring suspension classification.The spring mounted bogie truck of polyphyly seldom adopts.Because primary spring suspension bogie structure is simple, be convenient to maintenance, manufacture, cost is lower, is generally used for roller bearing adapter stabilizer bar.The roller bearing adapter stabilizer bar of China's production is in the past all based on this type of bogie truck, and this type of bogie truck can only match with the train operation speed per hour of 50 kilometers to 80 kilometers per hour, is unfavorable for Speed Increase of Freight Cars; In addition China is passenger and freight car mixed running on same circuit, and lorry speed per hour is delayed, seriously constrains passenger vehicle and runs.And secondary spring suspension bogie complicated structure, the parts of employing are more, and cost is also higher.Therefore, secondary spring suspension bogie is generally used for passenger car bogie.
Found by research, crossbar technology is adopted to be improve the effective means of cast steel three-piece bogie diamond resistant rigidity, vehicle dynamics performance can be improved, the running velocity of effective raising vehicle, the side frame that crossed rod type bogie truck adopts two bars to be connected to bogie truck across usually strengthens the diamond resistant rigidity of bogie truck.Staggered form, lower staggered form during crossed rod type bogie truck can be divided into by the layout of crossbar on bogie truck; Can be divided into two kinds again by the mode of crossbar composition, one is mutual consolidation in the middle part of two crossbars, and another kind is that two crossbars do not connect mutually, is two independently connecting rods.There is 8AG in current China railways lorry principal mode bogie truck, turn 8G, turn 8AB, turn 8B, turn K2, zhuan K6 type bogie is lower crossbar architectures, the mutual consolidation of two crossbars.Turning K1 type bogie truck is middle crossbar architectures, and two crossbars are separate.
China railways roller bearing adapter stabilizer bar is after employing crossbar technology, lorry running velocity increases substantially, for China's goods transport has made tremendous contribution, but owing to adopting affixed mode in the middle part of two crossbars, cause crossbar in pcketing place, affixed position stress is concentrated, and easily causes endurance crack, brings safely certain hidden danger to vehicle operating.
For turning K1 type bogie truck, cross through bolster belly preformed hole by two strut bars, strut bar two ends and side frames are flexibly connected as a single entity; Side frame two ends are supported on wheel to upper by resilient rubbber cushion and adapter.Occur except side frames can be prevented, except " rhombus dislocation ", bogie truck also can be made to operate steadily, reduce wheel-rail wear, improve the vertical and horizontal tractive performance of vehicle, improve curving performance and bogie truck hunting critical speed, reduce the abrasion between wheel track.
But above-mentioned bogie truck does not still hang from spring and pull bar elastic element is fully optimized, so in the anti-water chestnut property of raising, when optimizing the low dynamics of bogie truck and curve motion radial through aspect still having some limitations property such as ability, elastic element reliability, performance still can not meet best requirement, is necessary to be improved further this.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the deficiency for existing railway goods train bogie, there is provided a kind of structure simple, economical and practical, there is the rail vehicle truck of radial ability when improving spring suspension system, higher diamond resistant rigidity, shear stiffness and good operation stability and curve motion.
In order to realize this purpose, the invention provides a kind of rail vehicle truck, comprise the first round pair, second take turns right, be arranged on first and second and take turns the first side frame outside to two ends and the second side frame, and bolster, shock attenuation unit, adapter, secondary spring hangs, normal contact side bearing, the secondary spring be made up of coil spring outside coil spring in central authorities and central authorities hangs and is placed in side frames, bolster is placed in secondary spring by shock attenuation unit and hangs, between the little drawing strickle guide in each side frame end and adapter, two stage stiffness primary spring is housed, the first pull bar and the second pull bar is connected with between the first side frame and the delthyrium of the second side frame, and the first pull bar and the second pull bar intersect mutually,
Described primary spring is the journal box spring device of two stage stiffness, by bearing plate, shear plate, base plate, rubber pad sheared by pressure-bearing rubber pad, first, the second shearing rubber pad forms, first, second is sheared rubber pad and becomes obtuse angle with pressure-bearing rubber pad, and the two ends being connected to pressure-bearing rubber pad of symmetry form elastic body, bearing plate is provided with on the top of pressure-bearing rubber pad, shear plate is respectively equipped with on the first and second tops of shearing rubber pad, base plate is located at elastomeric bottom, and the shear plate on the top of the first and second shearing rubber pads is equipped with positioning.Wherein pressure-bearing rubber pad is fixedly connected with side frame, adapter by locating dowel pin, and first, second shears rubber pad by location gear and side frame consolidation.
Described bearing plate, shear plate, base plate and pressure-bearing rubber pad, first shear rubber pad, second shear rubber pad be sulfided into one.
Described first pull bar and the second pull bar are by shaft and the mounting hole formation being located at shaft two ends, and in the middle part of the shaft of the second pull bar, be provided with mider hole, the first pull bar passes and forms cross one another pull bar group structure from the mider hole of the second pull bar; Pull bar group is arranged between the delthyrium of first, second side frame, and pull bar group horizontal centre plane separation rail level eminence is in the scope of side frames delthyrium, and in pull bar group, the end mounting hole of two pull bars is connected as one with side frames elasticity by ball pivot cover.
The shaft section of described first pull bar and the second pull bar is rectangular configuration, and according to the difference of bogie axle weight, distance between journal centers and pull bar length, the rational aspect ratio of rectangular cross section is 1:1.65 ~ 2.0.
In described pull bar group, the end mounting hole of two pull bars and side frames connect as one by following structural elasticity: be all cast with Connection Block at the delthyrium place of longitudinal center of first, second side frame described, consolidation adapter shaft on Connection Block; In pull bar group, two pull bars are arranged on described adapter shaft by mounting hole, are pressed with elasticity hinge cover, only ear pad sheet, retaining washer, binding bolt between mounting hole and adapter shaft.
Described adapter shaft is cylindricality adapter shaft, and described elasticity hinge cover is the Integral elastic ball and socket matched with adapter shaft.This structure can make pull bar can adapt to the difference of height of bogie truck by side frames during curve better, avoids, because pull bar Do strength causes inside and outside wheel off-load, being conducive to the safety of vehicle operating.
Rail vehicle truck of the present invention, wherein adapter shaft is directly be cemented on the Connection Block at side frame delthyrium place, and consolidation style can be welding, riveted joint or bolt and nut connection.This structure can adopt for different structure spaces and more suitably assemble scheme.
Advantage of the present invention is: this rail vehicle truck is by installing pull bar and install axle box spring installation between the little drawing strickle guide in side frame end and adapter between side frame delthyrium, not only inherit traditional cast steel research truck construction simple, easy to maintenance, the feature adaptable to distortion circuit, the shear deformation of bogie truck side frames is made again to be subject to elastic restraint, diamonding is suppressed, bogie truck is made to have certain ability of replying normotopia, alleviate the dynamic deformation from motion of wheel track part simultaneously, improve radial ability and running velocity and curve negotiation ability between bogie truck wheel track, improve vehicle operating quality.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic front view according to rail vehicle truck of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic side view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the schematic top plan view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is primary spring scheme of installation of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of journal box spring device (primary spring) of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the birds-eye view of Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the first pull bar;
Fig. 8 is the birds-eye view of Fig. 7;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the second pull bar;
Figure 10 is the structural representation in elastic ball joint;
Figure 11, Figure 12 are the mounting structure schematic diagrams of two kinds of structures in pull bar, adapter shaft and elastic ball joint;
Figure 13 a, Figure 13 b, Figure 13 c are the adapter shaft of rail vehicle truck of the present invention and several reference mount scheme schematic diagrams of side frame Connection Block;
Figure 14 a, Figure 14 b, Figure 14 c are several reference configuration schematic diagrams of the adapter shaft of rail vehicle truck of the present invention;
Figure 15 is that rail vehicle truck of the present invention is being installed under pull bar group and primary spring, aligns capability and anti-water chestnut ability schematic diagram by wheel during curve.
Detailed description of the invention
Below with reference to accompanying drawings, the present invention will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 shows, rail vehicle truck of the present invention comprises: the first round to 1, second taking turns 13, be arranged on first and second and take turns the first side frame 2 and the second side frame 14 outside to two ends, and bolster 4, shock attenuation unit 3, adapter 8, secondary spring hang, normal contact side bearing 9, the secondary spring be made up of coil spring 6 outside coil spring 5 in central authorities and central authorities hangs and is placed in side frames 2,14, forms a kind of suspended structure.Bolster 4 is placed in secondary spring by shock attenuation unit 3 and hangs, and between the little drawing strickle guide in each side frame end and adapter, two stage stiffness primary spring is housed, forms another kind of suspended structure.There is provided wheel to required vertical transverse elasticity locating stiffness, reduce unsprung weight, improve Vehicular vibration performance, reduce the dynamic deformation from motion between wheel track; Between the first side frame and the delthyrium of the second side frame, be elasticly connected with the first pull bar 10 and the second pull bar 11, and the first pull bar and the second pull bar intersect mutually.
As shown in Figure 4, between side frame 2 and adapter 8, setting up one is journal box spring device 7.Adapter 8 is placed in wheel on 1.
As Fig. 5, shown in 6, primary spring of the present invention is the journal box spring device 7 of two stage stiffness, by bearing plate 36, shear plate 37, base plate 35, pressure-bearing rubber pad 32, first shears rubber pad 31, the elastic caoutchouc hardware that second shearing rubber pad 34 forms, first, second shears rubber pad becomes obtuse angle with pressure-bearing rubber pad, and the two ends being connected to pressure-bearing rubber pad of symmetry form elastic body, bearing plate 36 is provided with on the top of pressure-bearing rubber pad, shear plate 37 is respectively equipped with on the first and second tops of shearing rubber pad, base plate 35 is located at elastomeric bottom, bearing plate, shear plate, base plate and pressure-bearing rubber pad, first shears rubber pad, second shears rubber pad is sulfided into one.The shear plate on the top of the first and second shearing rubber pads is equipped with positioning 30.Wherein pressure-bearing rubber pad is fixedly connected with side frame, adapter by locating dowel pin 33, to limit the transverse and longitudinal displacement after its assembling; First, second shears rubber pad by location gear and side frame consolidation, rotates to limit it.It is more reliable that this structure makes side frame, adapter, single stage suspension device coordinate, and makes it two be that the effect of rigidity is not fully exerted.The axle-box locating of rail vehicle truck realizes its elasticity location by pressure-bearing rubber pad and shearing rubber pad, forms primary spring.This structure can meet empty wagons and the large different demands of loaded vehicle difference in quality, under empty wagons operating mode different from loaded vehicle, provides different horizontal strokes, longitudinal direction and vertical stiffness as required.
The secondary spring that in central authorities of the present invention, outside coil spring 5 and central authorities, coil spring 6 is formed hangs and is placed on side frame 2, forms a kind of suspended structure.Between side frame 2 and adapter 8, set up two stage stiffness journal box spring device 7, form another kind of suspended structure.By these two kinds of modes, form two stage suspension bogie structure, the demand of the various operating mode of vehicle can be met.Between side frame 2,14, be provided with pull bar 10,11 simultaneously, flexibly connected as one by the first side frame 2, second side frame 14, the anti-water chestnut of improving the first side frame 2, second side frame 14 becomes ability.
As shown in Fig. 1,2,3,7,8,9, the pull bar group be made up of the first pull bar 10 and the second pull bar 11 is provided with between side frames 2,14, this pull bar group is the digonal link of two one group, first pull bar and the second pull bar are by shaft and the mounting hole formation being located at shaft two ends, mider hole 26 is provided with in the middle part of the shaft of the second pull bar, first pull bar 10, through the second pull bar 11 mider hole 26, forms mutual decussate texture.For convenience of installing and safeguarding, avoid colliding with in operation and allocation and transportation process, two digonal links are arranged between side frames longitudinal median plane, and its pull bar group horizontal centre plane separation rail level eminence is in the scope of side frame delthyrium.Pull bar 10,11 section is rectangular cross section, and for obtaining best bending strength and anti-water chestnut effect, its section aspect ratio is 1:1.65 ~ 2.0.
As shown in Fig. 2,6,8,9,11,12, bolster 4 belly is provided with preformed hole 21A, 21B, and the first pull bar 10, second pull bar 11 passes wherein.The delthyrium place of longitudinal center of side frame 2 is cast with Connection Block 12, affixed adapter shaft 23 on Connection Block 12, and adapter shaft top is drilled with tapped bore; The mounting plane of adapter shaft is positioned at close to bogie truck horizontal central plane, to make the horizontal centre plane of two pull bars 10,11 close to bogie truck horizontal central plane; The two ends of two pull bars are provided with mounting hole, for ease of assembling, realize two digonal links and mutually intersect, first pull bar 10 one end mounting hole thickness is identical with pull bar shaft cross section, other end mounting hole thickness is identical with the mounting hole thickness of the second pull bar 11, and each mounting hole can be socketed on adapter shaft 23; During installation, two pull bars 10,11 are made to cross through preformed hole 21A, 21B of bolster 4 belly, and the mounting hole of first pull bar 10 one end and shaft cross section same thickness is socketed in be pressed with on the adapter shaft 23 of elastic ball joint 15 and stop collar 24, place back-up ring 19, only aural grommet 18, retaining washer 17, then binding bolt 16; All the other thickness pull bar mounting holes are socketed in and are pressed with on the adapter shaft 23 in elastic ball joint 15, place back-up ring 20, only aural grommet 18, retaining washer 17, then binding bolt 16, thus pull bar 10,11 and first side frame 2, second side frame 14 is flexibly connected as one.
As shown in Figure 14 a, 14b, 14c, adapter shaft 23 can select the one in diagram three kinds of organization plans.Connect as Figure 14 a, Figure 13 a are depicted as bolt, namely adapter shaft 23 is cemented on Connection Block 12 by bolt 22.Figure 14 b, Figure 13 b are depicted as riveted joint, and adapter shaft 23 is cemented on Connection Block 12 by rivet 25.Figure 14 c, Figure 13 c are depicted as welding consolidation, and adapter shaft 13 is directly welded on Connection Block 12.
As shown in Figure 10, elastic ball joint 15 and adapter shaft 13 match.Elastic ball joint 15 forms one by ball core steel inner sleeve 28, tubular steel overcoat 27 and rubber 29 by sulfuration.
As shown in figure 15, the journal box spring device of primary spring is reduced to three-dimensional spring 38, first pull bar 10, second pull bar 11 and is reduced to pull rod device 39, secondary spring hangs and is reduced to spring installation 40.When bogie truck is by curve, under three-dimensional spring 38, pull rod device 39, spring installation 40 act on, to providing wheel to enough positive capabilities, eliminate attack angle alpha between wheel track, make the shear deformation of bogie truck side frames be subject to elastic restraint, diamonding is suppressed, bogie truck is made to have certain ability of replying normotopia, alleviate the dynamic deformation from motion between wheel track simultaneously, improve radial ability and running velocity and curve negotiation ability between bogie truck wheel track, improve vehicle operating quality.
Claims (6)
1. a rail vehicle truck, comprise the first round pair, second take turns right, be arranged on first and second and take turns the first side frame outside to two ends and the second side frame, and bolster, shock attenuation unit, adapter, secondary spring hangs, normal contact side bearing, the secondary spring be made up of coil spring outside coil spring in central authorities and central authorities hangs and is placed in side frames, bolster is placed in secondary spring by shock attenuation unit and hangs, it is characterized in that: between the little drawing strickle guide in each side frame end and adapter, two stage stiffness primary spring is housed, the first pull bar and the second pull bar is connected with between the first side frame and the delthyrium of the second side frame, and the first pull bar and the second pull bar intersect mutually, described primary spring is the journal box spring device of two stage stiffness, by bearing plate, shear plate, base plate, pressure-bearing rubber pad, first shears rubber pad, second shears rubber pad composition, first, second shears rubber pad becomes obtuse angle with pressure-bearing rubber pad, and the two ends being connected to pressure-bearing rubber pad of symmetry form elastic body, bearing plate is provided with on the top of pressure-bearing rubber pad, shear plate is respectively equipped with on the first and second tops of shearing rubber pad, base plate is located at elastomeric bottom, the shear plate on the top of the first and second shearing rubber pads is equipped with positioning, wherein pressure-bearing rubber pad is by locating dowel pin and side frame, adapter is fixedly connected with, first, second shears rubber pad by location gear and side frame consolidation.
2. rail vehicle truck according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described bearing plate, shear plate, base plate and pressure-bearing rubber pad, first shear rubber pad, second shear rubber pad be sulfided into one.
3. rail vehicle truck according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described first pull bar and the second pull bar are by shaft and the mounting hole formation being located at shaft two ends, in the middle part of the shaft of the second pull bar, be provided with mider hole, the first pull bar passes and forms cross one another pull bar group structure from the mider hole of the second pull bar; Pull bar group is arranged between the delthyrium of first, second side frame, and pull bar group horizontal centre plane separation rail level eminence is in the scope of side frames delthyrium, and in pull bar group, the end mounting hole of two pull bars is connected as one with side frames elasticity by ball pivot cover.
4. rail vehicle truck according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the shaft section of described first pull bar and the second pull bar is rectangular configuration, and the rational aspect ratio of rectangular cross section is 1:1.65 ~ 2.0.
5. the rail vehicle truck according to claim 3 or 4, it is characterized in that: in described pull bar group, the end mounting hole of two pull bars and side frames connect as one by following structural elasticity: be all cast with Connection Block at the delthyrium place of longitudinal center of first, second side frame described, consolidation adapter shaft on Connection Block; In pull bar group, two pull bars are arranged on described adapter shaft by mounting hole, are pressed with elasticity hinge cover, only ear pad sheet, retaining washer, binding bolt between mounting hole and adapter shaft.
6. rail vehicle truck according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described adapter shaft is cylindricality adapter shaft, and described elasticity hinge cover is the Integral elastic ball and socket matched with adapter shaft.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310056961.XA CN103112466B (en) | 2013-02-22 | 2013-02-22 | Rail vehicle truck |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310056961.XA CN103112466B (en) | 2013-02-22 | 2013-02-22 | Rail vehicle truck |
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| CN103112466A CN103112466A (en) | 2013-05-22 |
| CN103112466B true CN103112466B (en) | 2015-11-18 |
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| CN201310056961.XA Active CN103112466B (en) | 2013-02-22 | 2013-02-22 | Rail vehicle truck |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9919718B2 (en) | 2013-12-30 | 2018-03-20 | Crrc Yangtze Corporation Limited | Variable stiffness positioning device for railway vehicle bogie axle box |
| RU196157U1 (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-02-18 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Петербургский государственный университет путей сообщения Императора Александра I" | COMPOUNDS OF A BEARING BEARING WITH THE LATERAL FRAME OF THE CAR |
| EP3636510A1 (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2020-04-15 | Zhuzhou Times New Material Technology Co., Ltd. | Method and device for improving comprehensive performance of elastic component of axleless bogie system |
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| CN103318214A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-09-25 | 包头北方创业股份有限公司 | Position adjusting control bojie |
| CN103386990A (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2013-11-13 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Wagon bogie |
| CN103786740A (en) * | 2014-01-23 | 2014-05-14 | 北京东车科技有限公司 | Railway vehicle bogie |
| CN203902570U (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2014-10-29 | 齐齐哈尔轨道交通装备有限责任公司 | Railway wagon bogie and side frame of railway wagon bogie |
| CN104325990B (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2017-05-03 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Load bearing saddle assembly for railway vehicle and railway vehicle |
| CN105235703B (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2018-07-31 | 南车株洲电力机车有限公司 | transportation equipment and its bogie |
| CN107878495B (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2019-07-09 | 中车齐齐哈尔车辆有限公司 | A kind of attachment device of bogie and its cross link and side frame |
| CN109107169B (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2024-05-28 | 深圳市鑫美幻想工程有限公司 | Guiding device for recreation railcar |
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| US9919718B2 (en) | 2013-12-30 | 2018-03-20 | Crrc Yangtze Corporation Limited | Variable stiffness positioning device for railway vehicle bogie axle box |
| EP3636510A1 (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2020-04-15 | Zhuzhou Times New Material Technology Co., Ltd. | Method and device for improving comprehensive performance of elastic component of axleless bogie system |
| RU196157U1 (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-02-18 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Петербургский государственный университет путей сообщения Императора Александра I" | COMPOUNDS OF A BEARING BEARING WITH THE LATERAL FRAME OF THE CAR |
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|---|---|
| CN103112466A (en) | 2013-05-22 |
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