CN103111942A - Detecting grinding device - Google Patents
Detecting grinding device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103111942A CN103111942A CN201310048923XA CN201310048923A CN103111942A CN 103111942 A CN103111942 A CN 103111942A CN 201310048923X A CN201310048923X A CN 201310048923XA CN 201310048923 A CN201310048923 A CN 201310048923A CN 103111942 A CN103111942 A CN 103111942A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a detecting grinding device which is characterized by comprising a grinding mechanism and an online detecting device. When a grinding wheel grinding head of the grinding mechanism of the detecting grinding device carries out grinding processing of the outline of a plane conjugate cam, a second laser detecting head of the inner contour detecting device of the cam reciprocates along the axial direction of the plane conjugate cam and measures the outline line of the inner contour of the plane conjugate cam along the axial direction. When the grinding wheel grinding head carries out the grinding processing of the inner contour of the plane conjugate cam, a first laser detecting head of the outline detecting device of the cam reciprocates along the axial direction of the plane conjugate cam and measures the outline line of the outline of the plane conjugate cam along the axial direction. When the cam rotates one circle, the detecting grinding device is capable of carrying out online detection of the size of one outline of the inner contour and the outline of the plane conjugate cam on the circumferential direction and grinding the other outline of the inner and external contours of the plane conjugate cam simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mechanical manufacturing field, be specifically related to a kind ofly for the cam process equipment, cam contour be detected detection grinding attachment with grinding.
Background technology
Cam mechanism is the transmission mechanism that mainly is comprised of cam, driven member and frame.Cam is divided into three kinds of disc cam, translating cam and cylindrical cams usually according to the difference of form.Disc cam is divided into again dish type cam ring and dish type external cam, because the dish type cam ring seldom is used, therefore the common alleged equal graduated dial shape of disc cam external cam.According to the difference of the movement locus of driven member, cam is divided into again plane cam and space cam.Plane cam refers to that the camming movement plane is parallel to each other with the plane of movement of driven member or overlaps, and disc cam and translating cam all belong to plane cam, and space cam refers to that the movement locus of driven member is space curve, and cylindrical cam belongs to space cam.Cam can be divided into again grooved cam, cam flange, constant amplitude cam and conjugate cam according to the difference of external constraint form.Conjugate cam is often referred to fixed a pair of disc cam (being also Double-disk cam) mutually.This profile separately to cam (being also the circumferential outer surface of cam) contacts with corresponding pairing element on same driven member respectively.2 cams of conjugate cam are packed on same axle by certain position, make these two cams keep respectively separately conjugacy when rise and backhaul, so guarantee Double-disk cam and driven member sealed.According to the different forms of motion of driven member, Double-disk cam is divided into again oscillating follower conjugate cam and straight moving follower lever conjugate cam.The second form of conjugate cam is: on the disc cam of same ring-type, 2 dish type profile positions are set, also namely the circumferential inner surface of cam and circumferentially outer surface respectively be provided with a corresponding cam contour position (referred to as inside and outside contour), and the shape of inside and outside contour is similar, parallel to each other with the camming movement plane or overlap due to the plane of movement of the driven member of this conjugate cam, therefore can be described as the planar conjugate cam.The planar conjugate cam can be widely used in various automated machines, and as spinning warp knitting machine, printing machine etc., wherein the spinning warp knitting machine needle cam of rising to the bait is exactly the planar conjugate cam of above-mentioned definition.The profile of planar conjugate cam grinding belongs to non-circular grinding, and contour curve complexity and inside and outside contour size also will guarantee size conjugation uniformity, thereby grinding and detection difficulty are all larger.
Prior art mainly adopts numerical control machining center or special-purpose grinding machine to the equipment that profile of planar conjugate cam carries out grinding, in grinding, also need inside and outside contour and the mismachining tolerance of planar conjugate cam are detected, inside and outside contour grinding allowance and grinding and feeding amount are determined etc., above-mentioned detection to be adopted artificial on-line operation mode or adopts the offline inspection mode, not only accuracy of detection is not high, and be difficult to guarantee planar conjugate cam inside and outside contour size conjugation uniformity also have the very low problem of grinding efficiency.
Chinese patent literature CN102589469A(application number is 201210026457.0) a kind of " device for detecting profile of planar conjugate cam and control method thereof " disclosed.Although the checkout gear of the planar conjugate cam that the document is related can be measured simultaneously to the inside and outside contour of planar conjugate cam, thereby can guarantee cam conjugation uniformity, it belongs to contact type measurement, and certainty of measurement awaits further to improve.In addition, this measurement mechanism is only the off-line measurement device, does not have the function of grinding.
Chinese patent literature CN201195276Y(number of patent application 200820034576.X) a kind of " on-line testing numerically-controlled cam grinder " disclosed.The described grinding machine of the document is a kind ofly also can synchronously carry out the grinding machine of on-line testing to cam when cam is carried out grinding.Cam related in the document should be the plane disc cam according to shown in its accompanying drawing, so its measurement of carrying out and processing also just are implemented on the profile (be also week laterally) of disc cam.Although the test of the document is on-line automatic test,, its certainty of measurement is still lower.
Chinese patent literature CN102147238B(number of patent application 201110051991.2), CN102175181B(number of patent application 201110051993.1), CN102122144B(number of patent application 201110051996.5) and CN102200762B(number of patent application 201110096390.3) a kind of " device for detecting cam profile " disclosed respectively, " detection method of device for detecting cam profile ", " be used for the digital control system that cam contour detects " and " cam contour detects and uses digital control system ".When described these four kinds of checkout gears or detection system work, all to first cam be taken off from process equipment, then detect, as detect defective, need that also cam is reinstalled process equipment and reorientate continuation processing, cause operating efficiency greatly to reduce, and the object of described detection is all plane disc cam outline.
Chinese patent literature CN101434053B(number of patent application 20081020397.4), CN101561250B(number of patent application 200910052043.3) and CN101259596A(number of patent application 200810023391.3) a kind of " the automatic location of cam non-circular grinding and On-line Measuring Method and device " disclosed respectively, " method for intelligent position finding and On-line Measuring Method " and " a kind of numerically-controlled cam grinder ", first piece of its on-line measurement in described 3 pieces of documents belongs to contact type measurement, certainty of measurement is low, may cause the cam face after processing to sustain damage in the contact measurement process, and gage outfit is easy to wear.Second piece of its on-line measurement of document belongs to laser image measurement, and checkout gear is complicated, makes maintenance cost higher.Above-mentioned front 2 kinds of cam contour grinding attachments and detection method all only are used for plane disc cam outline.The 3rd piece of document is to process, and still needs during detection cam is detected the checkout equipment that takes off on equipment by other.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of simple in structure, detect that accuracy is higher, the grinding conjugacy better and the higher detection grinding attachment that is used for the cam process equipment of grinding efficiency.
The technical scheme that realizes the object of the invention is: a kind of detection grinding attachment, its design feature is: comprise grinding mechanism and on-line measuring device.Grinding mechanism comprises grinding workbench and emery wheel grinding-head.On-line measuring device comprises profile on-line measuring device in cam outline on-line measuring device and cam.Cam outline on-line measuring device comprises the first laser measuring head, the first linear electric motors and the first linear motor driver.The first linear electric motors are fixedly installed on by its stator on the rear side of grinding workbench of grinding mechanism.The first laser measuring head connects measuring stick by first and is fixedly installed on the mover of the first linear electric motors, the mover of controlling the first linear electric motors by the first linear motor driver by control system drive that the first laser measuring head carries out that X-direction moves and can be when the planar conjugate cam rotates the outer profile size of measurement plane conjugate cam.In cam, the profile on-line measuring device comprises the second laser measuring head, the second linear electric motors and the second linear motor driver.The second linear electric motors are fixedly installed on by its stator on the front side of grinding workbench of grinding mechanism.The second laser measuring head connects measuring stick by second and is fixedly installed on the mover of the second linear electric motors, the mover of controlling the second linear electric motors by the second linear motor driver by control system drive that the second laser measuring head carries out that X-direction moves and can be when the planar conjugate cam rotates the interior overall size of measurement plane conjugate cam.The emery wheel grinding-head of the first laser measuring head, the second laser measuring head and grinding mechanism is on same X-Y plane, and three's axis is parallel to each other.
When the emery wheel grinding-head of the grinding mechanism that detects grinding attachment carries out grinding to the outline of planar conjugate cam, by the second laser measuring head of profile checkout gear in cam along the planar conjugate cam axially move reciprocatingly and to profile in the planar conjugate cam outline line on axially measure.When the emery wheel grinding-head of the grinding mechanism that detects grinding attachment carries out grinding to the interior profile of planar conjugate cam, by the first laser measuring head of cam outline checkout gear the planar conjugate cam axially on move reciprocatingly and to planar conjugate cam outline the outline line on axially measure.When cam rotates a circle, detect grinding attachment and can be simultaneously the size of a profile in the inside and outside contour of planar conjugate cam is detected online and another profile in the inside and outside contour of planar conjugate cam is carried out grinding on circumferentially.
Technical scheme take technique scheme as the basis is: described grinding mechanism also comprises the second AC servo motor and governing box.Governing box is fixed on the grinding workbench, and the output shaft of governing box is along the X-direction setting, and towards left.Emery wheel grinding-head is fixedly installed on the left end of output shaft of governing box.The second AC servo motor is fixedly installed on the grinding workbench, the second AC servo motor is connected with the power shaft of governing box, drive emery wheel grinding-head by the second AC servo machinery driving governing box and the output shaft by governing box and rotate, and control by control system the grinding speed that the rotating speed of the second AC servo motor is regulated emery wheel grinding-head.
The present invention has positive effect:
(1), the present invention is simple in structure, detection and the grinding that can adapt to different profile of plate cams, especially can be used for detection and the grinding of planar conjugate cam, applied range.
When (2), adopting the cam process equipment work of detection grinding attachment of the present invention, first can be by manually the planar conjugate cam being fixed on cam rotation mechanism, by corresponding on-line measuring device, the inside and outside contour of planar conjugate cam is carried out initial online detection successively or simultaneously again, perhaps a profile of inside and outside contour carried out initial online detection.Then, can contrast the corresponding allowance of predefined and corresponding measured value by control system controls grinding mechanism the exterior feature of measuring wheel of planar conjugate cam is carried out grinding.Control system also is controlled at line detector another profile of planar conjugate cam is carried out corresponding online the detection when controlling certain profile of grinding, thereby provides foundation for next step grinding to this another profile.The hocket continuous operation method of on-line measurement and grinding of this each profile to the planar conjugate cam of the present invention, do not need the planar conjugate cam is unloaded from cam rotation mechanism and can complete detection, not only improved operating efficiency, and can fully guarantee the conjugacy of planar conjugate cam inside and outside contour size, also effectively improved certainty of measurement and machining accuracy and roughness grade simultaneously.
(3), on-line measuring device of the present invention adopts the method for " laser scanning line survey " to come measurement plane conjugate cam overall size, also namely by the first laser measuring head and the second laser measuring head, the circumferentially interior outer surface of planar conjugate cam is measured simultaneously to the reciprocating of (being also directions X) about doing respectively, and obtained corresponding θ
i2 groups of l of position
1xjAnd l
2xjAxial profile line data are by " going extreme value " to every group of data and " mean value " data filtering finally draws this θ
iThe l of position
1iAnd l
2i, the measure error of effectively having avoided tradition " to put and survey " has further improved certainty of measurement.
(4), the inside and outside contour of planar conjugate cam each freely a plurality of different lifting curves form, must determine before grinding that an appropriate grinding location starting point (processing zero point) just guarantees machining accuracy.In addition, also need to determine corresponding allowance according to the difference of blank dimension size, and the grinding amount of feeding of determining each position of profile of planar conjugate cam according to the distribution of allowance.Use the inside and outside contour size of cam process equipment employing planar conjugate cam processing automatic location at zero point of the present invention and automatic detection plane conjugate cam, the thick fine grinding amount of feeding of on-line automatic definite planar conjugate cam, and the mismachining tolerance after the processing of energy on-line measurement planar conjugate cam, realize repairing and the tool wear diagnostic function, change tradition and " be determined empirically the processing amount of feeding " and " manual offline inspection " method, greatly improve the efficient of planar conjugate camshaft grinding, and can effectively improve machining accuracy and roughness grade.
(5), the on-line measuring device of detection grinding attachment of the present invention adopts the laser measuring head non-contact measurement, extended the service life of checkout gear, and detection efficiency is high, accuracy of detection is high.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the cam process equipment of application detection grinding attachment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic top plan view of the table mechanism in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is detection grinding attachment of the present invention measuring principle schematic diagram during measurement plane conjugate cam blank inside and outside contour at the same time, and the first laser measuring head in figure and the second laser measuring head all are positioned at the original position of a setting of measurement on directions X; The direction of observation of Fig. 3 with the A of Fig. 1 to identical;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the first laser measuring head measurement plane conjugate cam outline in Fig. 3, and the first laser measuring head in figure is positioned at the final position of a setting of measurement;
Fig. 5 is the detection grinding attachment shown in Figure 3 schematic diagram of on-line measurement profile in it also when the outline to the planar conjugate cam carries out grinding;
Fig. 6 is that detection grinding attachment shown in Figure 3 is gone back the schematic diagram of its outline of on-line measurement when the interior profile to the planar conjugate cam carries out grinding;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the control system of the cam process equipment of application detection grinding attachment of the present invention;
The schematic diagram of the planar conjugate cam that Fig. 8 processes for from right-hand observe of Fig. 1 the time.
Mark in above-mentioned accompanying drawing is as follows:
Cam process equipment 1, fuselage 11,
Cam rotation mechanism 13, head tree 13-1, the first AC servo motor 13-2, reduction box 13-3, angular encoder 13-4, hold-down nut 13-5,
Detect grinding attachment 10, grinding mechanism 14, grinding workbench 14-1, the second AC servo motor 14-2, governing box 14-3, emery wheel grinding-head 14-4,
On-line measuring device 15, cam outline on-line measuring device 15a, the first laser measuring head 15-1, the first linear electric motors 15-3, stator 15-3-1, mover 15-3-2, the first linear motor driver 15-5, first connects measuring stick 15-7, profile on-line measuring device 15b in cam, the second laser measuring head 15-2, the second linear electric motors 15-4, stator 15-4-1, mover 15-4-2, the second linear motor driver 15-6, second connects measuring stick 15-9
Planar conjugate cam 100.
The specific embodiment
The description in orientation of the present invention is carried out according to orientation shown in Figure 1, is also the direction up and down that direction up and down shown in Figure 1 is description, and a side of court of Fig. 1 institute is the place ahead, and a side who deviates from Fig. 1 is the rear.
(embodiment 1)
See Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, detect grinding attachment 10 and comprise grinding mechanism 14 and on-line measuring device 15.Detecting grinding attachment 10 is controlled by the control system of corresponding cam process equipment.Grinding mechanism 14 comprises grinding workbench 14-1, the second AC servo motor 14-2, governing box 14-3 and emery wheel grinding-head 14-4.Governing box 14-3 is fixed on grinding workbench 14-1, and the output shaft of governing box 14-3 is along the X-direction setting, and towards left.Emery wheel grinding-head 14-4 is fixedly installed on the left end of output shaft of governing box 14-3.The second AC servo motor 14-2 is fixedly installed on grinding workbench 14-1, the second AC servo motor 14-2 is connected with the power shaft of governing box 14-3, drive governing box 14-3 and the output shaft by governing box 14-3 by the second AC servo motor 14-2 and drive emery wheel grinding-head 144 and rotate, and control by control system the grinding speed that the rotating speed of the second AC servo motor 14-2 is regulated emery wheel grinding-head 14-4.The first AC servo motor in the present embodiment and the second AC servo motor all adopt the Lexium23D Series AC servo of Schneider company.
See Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, on-line measuring device 15 comprises profile on-line measuring device 15b in cam outline on-line measuring device 15a and cam.Cam outline on-line measuring device 15a comprises the first laser measuring head 15-1, the first linear electric motors 15-3 and the first linear motor driver 15-5.The first linear electric motors 15-3 is fixedly installed on by its stator 15-3-1 on the rear side of grinding workbench 14-1 of grinding mechanism 14.The first laser measuring head 15-1 connects measuring stick 15-7 by first and is fixedly installed on the mover 15-3-2 of the first linear electric motors 15-3, drives by the mover 15-3-2 that the first linear motor driver 15-5 controls the first linear electric motors 15-3 the outer profile size that the first laser measuring head 15-1 carries out X-direction traverse measurement planar conjugate cam by control system.In cam, profile on-line measuring device 15b comprises the second laser measuring head 15-2, the second linear electric motors 15-4 and the second linear motor driver 15-6.The second linear electric motors 15-4 is fixedly installed on by its stator 15-4-1 on the front side of grinding workbench 14-1 of grinding mechanism 14.The second laser measuring head 15-2 connects measuring stick 15-9 by second and is fixedly installed on the mover 15-4-2 of the second linear electric motors 15-4, drives by the mover 15-4-2 that the second linear motor driver 15-6 controls the second linear electric motors 15-4 the interior overall size that the second laser measuring head 15-2 carries out X-direction traverse measurement planar conjugate cam by control system.The emery wheel grinding-head 14-4 of the first laser measuring head 15-1, the second laser measuring head 15-2 and grinding mechanism 14 is on same X-Y plane, and three's axis is parallel to each other, and the axis of planar conjugate cam is positioned on X-Y plane.The first laser measuring head 15-1 of the present embodiment and the second laser measuring head 15-2 all adopt the L-GAGE LH of U.S. Banner company series laser ranging displacement transducer, and this sensor measurement precision minimum can reach 1 μ m.The first linear electric motors in the present embodiment and the second linear electric motors all adopt direct driving linear electric motors (DDL) series of Kollmorgen Corporations.
during use, when the emery wheel grinding-head 14-4 of the grinding mechanism 14 that detects grinding attachment 10 carries out grinding to the outline of planar conjugate cam 100, by the second laser measuring head 15-2 of profile checkout gear 15b in cam along planar conjugate cam 100 axially move reciprocatingly and to the interior profile of planar conjugate cam 100 outline line on axially measure, when the emery wheel grinding-head 14-4 of the grinding mechanism 14 that detects grinding attachment 10 carries out grinding to the interior profile of planar conjugate cam 100, by the first laser measuring head 15-1 of cam outline checkout gear 15a planar conjugate cam 100 axially on move reciprocatingly and to planar conjugate cam 100 outlines the outline line on axially measure, when cam rotates a circle, detecting grinding attachment 10 can be simultaneously detect online and another profile in the inside and outside contour of planar conjugate cam 100 is carried out grinding on circumferentially the size of a profile in the inside and outside contour of planar conjugate cam 100.
(application examples 1)
See Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, cam process equipment 1 that should use-case comprises control system, detects grinding attachment, fuselage 11, travelling table mechanism 12 and cam rotation mechanism 13.Wherein detect grinding attachment and adopt the described detection grinding attachment 10 of embodiment 1.Travelling table mechanism 12 is arranged on fuselage 11 and can moves on X-Y plane with respect to fuselage 11, described X-Y plane (should use-case be horizontal plane for the plane horizontal by any angle, namely the angle with horizontal plane is 0 degree), and the motion of carrying out is controlled by control system.Cam rotation mechanism 13 is fixedly installed on table mechanism 12 and its action is controlled, detected grinding attachment 10 by control system and is fixedly installed on fuselage 11 by its grinding workbench 14-1 and its action is controlled by control system.
See Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, table mechanism 12 comprises that X-axis base 12-1, Y-axis base 12-2, Connection Block 12-3, workbench 12-4, X-axis linear electric motors 12-5, Y-axis linear electric motors 12-6, X-axis line slideway 12-7, Y-axis line slideway 12-8, X-axis straight-line guide rail slide block 12-9, Y-axis straight-line guide rail slide block 12-10, X-axis move detection grating 12-11 and the moving grating 12-12 that detects of y-axis shift.X-axis base 12-1 is arranged on fuselage 11, and Y-axis base 12-2 is vertical setting mutually by Connection Block 12-3 and X-axis base 12-1.X-axis straight-line guide rail slide block 12-9 is arranged on the downside of Connection Block 12-3, and X-axis line slideway 12-7 is arranged on X-axis base 12-1 upside along X-direction, and X-axis straight-line guide rail slide block 12-9 is equipped with on X-axis line slideway 12-7 from the top down sliding.The mover 12-5-2 of X-axis linear electric motors 12-5 is fixedly installed on X-axis base 12-1 upside, and the stator 12-5-1 of X-axis linear electric motors 12-5 is fixedly installed on the downside of Connection Block 12-3.Drive Connection Block 12-3 along the X-direction horizontal movement by X-axis linear electric motors 12-5.X-axis moves to detect on the corresponding site that grating 12-11 is arranged on X-axis line slideway 12-7 and consists of closed-loop control with X-axis linear electric motors 12-5, is used for detecting the X-axis displacement of Connection Block 12-3.X-axis that should use-case moves and detects grating 12-11 and adopt the closed grating of the Changchun ray machine digital display SGC of company series.Y-axis line slideway 12-8 is arranged on Y-axis base 12-2 downside along Y-direction, and Y-axis straight-line guide rail slide block 12-10 is arranged on the upside of Connection Block 12-3, and Y-axis straight-line guide rail slide block 12-10 is slidably matched from bottom to top and is arranged on Y-axis line slideway 12-8.The mover 12-6-2 of Y-axis linear electric motors 12-6 is fixedly installed on the upside of Connection Block 12-3, and the stator 12-6-1 of Y-axis linear electric motors 12-6 is fixedly installed on the downside of Y-axis base 12-2.Drive Y-axis base 12-2 along the Y-direction horizontal movement by Y-axis linear electric motors 12-6.Workbench 12-4 is fixedly installed on Y-axis base 12-2 upside.Y-axis shift is moving to be detected on the corresponding site that grating 12-12 is arranged on Y-axis line slideway 12-8 and consists of closed-loop control with Y-axis linear electric motors 12-6, is used for detecting the Y-axis displacement of Y-axis base 12-2.The moving grating 12-12 that detects of y-axis shift that should use-case adopts the closed grating of the Changchun ray machine digital display SGC of company series.X-axis that should use-case moves and detects grating 12-11 and the moving grating 12-12 that detects of y-axis shift all adopts the closed grating of the Changchun SGC of ray machine digital display company series.In should use-case, X-axis linear electric motors 12-5 and Y-axis linear electric motors 12-6 all adopt direct driving linear electric motors (DDL) series of Kollmorgen Corporations.
See Fig. 1, cam rotation mechanism 13 comprises head tree 13-1, the first AC servo motor 13-2, reduction box 13-3, angular encoder 13-4 and hold-down nut 13-5.Head tree 13-1 vertical is fixedly installed on the workbench 12-4 of table mechanism 12.The first AC servo motor 13-2 is fixedly installed on head tree 13-1.Reduction box 13-3 is fixedly installed on head tree 13-1.The output shaft of reduction box 13-3 is along the X-direction setting, and towards right-hand.Angular encoder 13-4 is coaxial to be arranged on the left end of output shaft, and angular encoder 13-4 that should use-case adopts the auspicious general ZKT11 series photoelectric encoder in Wuxi.Hold-down nut 13-5 screws on the right-hand member of output shaft, and planar conjugate cam 100 is fixedly clamped on output shaft right-hand member corresponding site.Drive reduction box 13-3 by the first AC servo motor 13-2 and also drive planar conjugate cam 100 around the rotation of C axle, by the anglec of rotation of angular encoder 13-4 measurement plane conjugate cam 100 by the output shaft of reduction box 13-3.
See Fig. 7, control system comprises high-speed counting card, laser displacement sensor capture card, motion control card, industrial computer, PLC, switching value control module, fault detection module and touch-screen man-machine interface.High-speed counting card that should use-case adopts and grinds the magnificent PCI-1784U of company, the laser displacement sensor capture card adopts and grinds the magnificent PCI-1710HGU of company, motion control card adopts and grinds the magnificent PCI-1245 of company, industrial computer adopts and grinds magnificent ARK series built-in industrial control machine, and PLC adopts the M258 high-performance PLC of Schneider company.
X-axis moves and detects grating 12-11, y-axis shift moves detection grating 12-12 and angular encoder 13-4 is electrically connected to the high-speed counting card signal, and the high-speed counting card is electrically connected to the industrial computer signal.The high-speed counting card moves the XY axial displacement signal that detects grating 12-11 and the moving detection of y-axis shift grating 12-12 detection and planar conjugate cam 100 rotary angle signals that angular encoder 13-4 detects for gathering X-axis, then the signal that gathers is input to industrial computer.
The first laser measuring head 21 and the second laser measuring head 22 are electrically connected to laser displacement sensor capture card signal, and the laser displacement sensor capture card is electrically connected to the industrial computer signal.The laser displacement sensor capture card is used for gathering the first laser measuring head 21 and the distance signal between planar conjugate cam 100 outlines and real-time the second laser measuring head 22 that detects of the second laser measuring head 15-2 and the distance signal between the interior profile of planar conjugate cam 100 that the first laser measuring head 15-1 detects in real time, and signal is input to industrial computer.
X-axis linear motor driver, Y-axis linear motor driver, the first AC servo motor 13-2, the second AC servo motor 14-2, the first linear motor driver 15-5 and the second linear motor driver 15-6 are electrically connected to the motion control card signal.Motion control card is controlled the action of X-axis linear electric motors 12-5 by the X-axis linear motor driver, and then controls the action of workbench 12-4 on X-direction; Motion control card is controlled the action of Y-axis linear electric motors 12-6 by the Y-axis linear motor driver, and then controls the action of workbench 12-4 on Y-direction.Motion control card is controlled the action of the first AC servo motor 13-2 by the first AC servo machinery driving device, and then control plane conjugate cam 100 is around the spinning movement of C axle.Motion control card is controlled the action of the second AC servo motor 14-2 by the second AC servo machinery driving device, and then controls the action of emery wheel grinding-head 14-4.Motion control card is controlled the first linear electric motors 15-3 action by the first linear motor driver 15-5, and then controls the first action of laser measuring head 15-1 on X-direction.Motion control card is by the and linear motor driver 26 controls the and linear electric motors 15-4 action, and then controls the and the action of laser measuring head 15-2 on X-direction.Motion control card is electrically connected to the industrial computer signal.
Industrial computer is connected with PLC by communication interface.Fault detection module is electrically connected to the PLC signal; The switching value control module is electrically connected to the PLC two-way signaling; The touch-screen man-machine interface is electrically connected to the PLC two-way signaling.
See Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the benchmark spacing of the axis of the first laser measuring head 15-1 and emery wheel grinding-head 14-4 is L
w, the benchmark spacing of the axis of the second laser measuring head 15-6 and emery wheel grinding-head 14-4 is L
s, be θ in the anglec of rotation of described planar conjugate cam 100
iThe time, the spacing of the installation axis of planar conjugate cam 100 and the axis of emery wheel grinding-head 14-4 is l
ui, the spacing of planar conjugate cam 100 end faces and grinding workbench 14-1Y axis is l
vi, the outline of the planar conjugate cam 100 of on-line measurement and the pitch measurements of the first laser measuring head 15-1 are l
1i, the interior profile of planar conjugate cam 100 of on-line measurement and the pitch measurements of the second laser measuring head 15-2 are l
2i, 0 °≤θ
i≤ 360 °, θ
i=360/n,
I=1,2,3......, n; N detects θ in the process that rotates a circle of planar conjugate cam 100 simultaneously
i, l
1iAnd l
2iThe number of times of measured value, the value of n is larger, and the polar coordinates radial dimension data of planar conjugate cam 100 inside and outside contours that record are more accurate.
See Fig. 3 to Fig. 8, the control method of above-mentioned cam process equipment comprises the following steps:
1., planar conjugate cam inside and outside contour size on-line measurement: on-line measurement finishes to measure in rear and grinding work with grinding before being divided into 100 grindings of planar conjugate cam; State before 100 grindings of planar conjugate cam and after the grinding end makes 100 1 weeks of rotation of planar conjugate cam with each θ
iAngle is divided equally and is done " intermittent rotary " motion, and in each intermittent rotary cycle, the first laser measuring head 15-1 and the second laser measuring head 15-2 also can do simultaneously respectively fast reciprocating and move and measure on the axial profile line of planar conjugate cam 100; On-line measurement in 100 grindings of planar conjugate cam makes 100 1 weeks of rotation of planar conjugate cam with each θ
iAngle is divided equally and is done the motion of slow continuous rotation, and the first laser measuring head 15-1 and the second laser measuring head 15-2 do respectively fast reciprocating and move and measure on the axial internal and external contour line of planar conjugate cam 100;
The rotary speed of planar conjugate cam 100 be 1 turn/60 minutes to 1 turn/20 minutes; The speed of the linear reciprocating motion of the first laser measuring head 15-1 and the second laser measuring head 15-2 be 3000 the milli m/min to 10000 the milli m/min; The time that the first laser measuring head 15-1 and the second laser measuring head 15-2 measure on the axial profile line of planar conjugate cam 100 once is 0.12 second to 2 seconds.
The initial position of the first laser measuring head 15-1 and the second laser measuring head 15-2 is at X-direction linear motor stator electric x separately
1The place, and make the first laser measuring head 15-1 and the second laser measuring head 15-2 be in same along front and back to the setting vertical guide on.Make blank planar conjugate cam 100 to be processed enter measuring position l by table mechanism 12 along X-axis Y-axis Sports band moving cam rotating mechanism 13
uiL
s, l
vi=x
1And l
vi＜x
2Measure.
2., the processing of planar conjugate cam is located zero point automatically: during measurement with planar conjugate cam 100 optional position θ
iFor measuring zero point, measurement makes 100 1 weeks of rotation of planar conjugate cam with each θ
iAngle is divided equally and is rotated and (does the intermittent rotary motion before and after cam ground, do the slow circumvolve motion in cam ground), at each cam rotary course, the first laser measuring head 15-1 and the second laser measuring head 15-2 do respectively the fast reciprocating motion and measure on the axial profile line of planar conjugate cam 100.The first laser measuring head 15-1 records this θ
i1 group of l of position
1xjAxial outer contour data, the second laser measuring head 15-2 records this θ
i1 group of l of position
2xjAxial inner outline data, wherein j is that laser measuring head is at the sampling number of axial profile line, by every group of data " being gone extreme value " and " mean value " data filtering finally draws this θ
iThe l of position
1iAnd l
2iThe measuring method of this " laser scanning line survey " profile of planar conjugate cam size can be avoided the measure error of tradition " point is surveyed ", effectively improves certainty of measurement.
Record each θ of planar conjugate cam 100 outlines and interior profile by said method
iThe l of angle position
1iAnd l
2i, and the spacing coordinate l of the installation axis of planar conjugate cam 100 and emery wheel grinding-head 14-4 axis
ui, can calculate the outline polar coordinates radial dimension ρ of planar conjugate cam 100
1(θ
i)=l
ui+ L
w-l
1iThe interior profile polar coordinates radial dimension ρ of planar conjugate cam 100
2(
θ)=l
ui-L
s+ l
2i(chart display has problem).With described ρ
1(θ
i) and ρ
2(θ
i) with the outer interior profile polar coordinates radial dimension ρ of the planar conjugate cam 100 that will process
1=ρ (θ) and ρ
2=ρ (θ) compares, and draws mismachining tolerance and allowance.
With the planar conjugate cam 100 outline polar coordinates radial dimension maximum ρ that record
1max(θ
i) put the processing zero point as 100 grindings of planar conjugate cam, redefine processing size at zero point θ herein this moment
i=θ
0, outline l
1i=l
10, interior profile l
2i=l
20, 100 rotations of control plane conjugate cam are positioned planar conjugate cam 100 rotational angle theta
0, outline l
10With interior profile l
20, planar conjugate cam 100 is positioned at and processes zero point;
Control workbench 12-4 moves and makes planar conjugate cam 100 end standard size l
vi=x
0Control the first linear electric motors 15-3 and be positioned at l by its mover drive the first laser measuring head 15-1
vi=x
1The place controls the second linear electric motors 15-4 and is positioned at l by its mover drive the second laser measuring head 15-2
vi=x
1The place controls simultaneously workbench 12-4 and moves and make the end face of planar conjugate cam 100 be positioned at x
0The place completes 100 processing of planar conjugate cam and automatically locates zero point.
3., profile corase grind allowance in planar conjugate cam outline corase grind and automatically definite planar conjugate cam: after above-mentioned blank planar conjugate cam 100 processing zero-point positioning, workbench 12-4 drives planar conjugate cam 100 makes outline shift to emery wheel grinding-head 14-4 place, and grinding is adopted control plane conjugate cam 100 2-axis linkage NC Interpolations motions (being also that the moving and cam rotating shaft C axle of workbench y-axis shift rotates) and emery wheel grinding-head 11 relative rotary motion to realize that planar conjugate cam 100 outlines are roughly ground and cut.The processing amount of feeding is determined according to the allowance of above-mentioned on-line measurement planar conjugate cam 100 blanks.Adopt simultaneously " the synchronous grinding of profile and the online processing technology of working continuously that detects " namely in grinding planar conjugate cam 100 outlines, the second laser measuring head 15-2 moves reciprocatingly on the axial profile line of planar conjugate cam 100 and measures, and records the axial inner outline data of planar conjugate cam 100.
4., profile corase grind and automatically determine planar conjugate cam outline fine grinding surplus in the planar conjugate cam: after completing above-mentioned blank planar conjugate cam 100 outlines corase grind and cutting, workbench 12-4 drives planar conjugate cam 100 and gets back to processing θ at zero point
0The place, the method that adopts above-mentioned planar conjugate cam 100 outline corase grind to cut is carried out the interior profile corase grind of planar conjugate cam 100 and is cut.Adopt simultaneously " the synchronous grinding of profile and the online processing technology of working continuously that detects ", namely when the interior profile corase grind of grinding planar conjugate cam 100 is cut, complete the measurement of planar conjugate cam 100 outer profile sizes by the first laser measuring head 15-1, namely the first laser measuring head 15-1 moves reciprocatingly on the axial profile line of planar conjugate cam 100 and measures, and records 1 group of l
1xjAxial profile line data are by " going extreme value " to every group of data and " mean value " data filtering finally draws the l of this position
1i, calculate ρ by above-mentioned formula
1(θ
i), and then determine that next step finish grindes the processing amount of feeding of outline.
5., planar conjugate cam outline correct grinding and automatically determine profile fine grinding surplus in the planar conjugate cam: after completing the interior profile corase grind of above-mentioned blank planar conjugate cam 100 and cutting, carry out planar conjugate cam 100 outline fine gindings according to the method that the processing amount of feeding of above-mentioned definite correct grinding outline adopts above-mentioned planar conjugate cam 100 outlines corase grind to cut.Complete simultaneously the measurement of interior overall size by the second laser measuring head 15-2, namely the second laser measuring head 15-2 moves reciprocatingly on the axial profile line of planar conjugate cam 100 and measures, and records 1 group of l
2xjAxial profile line data are by " going extreme value " to every group of data and " mean value " data filtering finally draws the l of this position
2i, calculate ρ by above-mentioned formula
2(θ
i), and then determine that next step finish grindes the processing amount of feeding of interior profile.
6., profile correct grinding and automatic detection plane conjugate cam outer profile size in the planar conjugate cam: adopt step to carry out the measurement of planar conjugate cam 100 outer profile sizes when 4. described method is carried out the interior profile fine ginding of planar conjugate cam 100 according to the processing amount of feeding of profile in the above-mentioned correct grinding that records.
7., the online error measure of planar conjugate cam inside and outside contour size and reparation compensation: after completing the interior profile of finished plane conjugate cam (100), take above-mentioned detection method detection plane conjugate cam 100 outer profile size ρ
1(θ
i) and interior overall size ρ
2(θ
i).Simultaneously with described ρ
1(θ
i) and ρ
2(θ
i) with the outer interior profile polar coordinates radial dimension ρ of planar conjugate cam 100 that will process
1=ρ (θ) and ρ
2=ρ (θ) compares, and draws the outer interior profile polar coordinates radial dimension mismachining tolerance of planar conjugate cam 100 and judges whether processing plane conjugate cam 100 is qualified, can automatically repeat above-mentioned corresponding procedure of processing if need to repair compensation.If it is excessive error all to occur in the rear detection of batch planar conjugate cam processing, emery wheel grinding-head serious wear this moment is described, can for the surplus of mismachining tolerance, carry out appropriate feed compensation to emery wheel grinding-head.If obvious mismachining tolerance also occurs after compensation, system prompt emery wheel grinding-head serious wear needs to change the emery wheel grinding-head cutter.
Above embodiment and application examples are only for explanation the present invention's; but not limitation of the present invention; person skilled in the relevant technique without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can also make various conversion and variation; can also transform accordingly according to the inspiration of above-described embodiment and application examples in concrete application process, so within all technical schemes that are equal to all should be included into scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a detection grinding attachment, is characterized in that: comprise grinding mechanism (14) and on-line measuring device (15); Grinding mechanism (14) comprises grinding workbench (14-1) and emery wheel grinding-head (14-4); On-line measuring device (15) comprises profile on-line measuring device (15b) in cam outline on-line measuring device (15a) and cam; Cam outline on-line measuring device (15a) comprises the first laser measuring head (15-1), the first linear electric motors (15-3) and the first linear motor driver (15-5); The first linear electric motors (15-3) are fixedly installed on by its stator (15-3-1) on the rear side of grinding workbench (14-1) of grinding mechanism (14); The first laser measuring head (15-1) connects measuring stick (15-7) by first and is fixedly installed on the mover (15-3-2) of the first linear electric motors (15-3), mover (15-3-2) drive the first laser measuring head (15-1) of controlling the first linear electric motors (15-3) by the first linear motor driver (15-5) by control system carry out that X-direction moves and can be when the planar conjugate cam rotates the outer profile size of measurement plane conjugate cam; In cam, profile on-line measuring device (15b) comprises the second laser measuring head (15-2), the second linear electric motors (15-4) and the second linear motor driver (15-6); The second linear electric motors (15-4) are fixedly installed on by its stator (15-4-1) on the front side of grinding workbench (14-1) of grinding mechanism (14); The second laser measuring head (15-2) connects measuring stick (15-9) by second and is fixedly installed on the mover (15-4-2) of the second linear electric motors (15-4), mover (15-4-2) drive the second laser measuring head (15-2) of controlling the second linear electric motors (15-4) by the second linear motor driver (15-6) by control system carry out that X-direction moves and can be when the planar conjugate cam rotates the interior overall size of measurement plane conjugate cam; The first laser measuring head (15-1), the second laser measuring head (15-2) are on same X-Y plane with the emery wheel grinding-head (14-4) of grinding mechanism (14), and three's axis is parallel to each other;
When the emery wheel grinding-head (14-4) of the grinding mechanism (14) that detects grinding attachment (10) carries out grinding to the outline of planar conjugate cam (100), by second laser measuring head (15-2) of profile checkout gear (15b) in cam along planar conjugate cam (100) axially move reciprocatingly and axial to interior the profile of planar conjugate cam (100) on outline line measure; When the emery wheel grinding-head (14-4) of the grinding mechanism (14) that detects grinding attachment (10) carries out grinding to the interior profile of planar conjugate cam (100), by first laser measuring head (15-1) of cam outline checkout gear (15a) planar conjugate cam (100) axially on move reciprocatingly and to planar conjugate cam (100) outline the outline line on axially measure; When cam rotates a circle, detect grinding attachment (10) and can be simultaneously the size of a profile in the inside and outside contour of planar conjugate cam (100) is detected online and another profile in the inside and outside contour of planar conjugate cam (100) is carried out grinding on circumferentially.
2. detection grinding attachment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described grinding mechanism (14) also comprises the second AC servo motor (14-2) and governing box (14-3); Governing box (14-3) is fixed on grinding workbench (14-1), and the output shaft of governing box (14-3) is along the X-direction setting, and towards left; Emery wheel grinding-head (14-4) is fixedly installed on the left end of output shaft of governing box (14-3); The second AC servo motor (14-2) is fixedly installed on grinding workbench (14-1), the second AC servo motor (14-2) is connected with the power shaft of governing box (14-3), drive governing box (14-3) and the output shaft by governing box (14-3) by the second AC servo motor (14-2) and drive emery wheel grinding-head (14-4) and rotate, and control by control system the grinding speed that the rotating speed of the second AC servo motor (14-2) is regulated emery wheel grinding-head (14-4).
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310048923.XA CN103111942B (en) | 2013-02-07 | 2013-02-07 | Detecting grinding device |
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|---|---|
| CN103111942B (en) | 2015-04-29 |
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