One removes NO simultaneously
x, SO
2and PM
2.5device
Technical field
The present invention relates to the air environmental pollution improvement of field of Environment Protection, bio-filter technology, environmental pollution treatment technology, specifically refer in one and remove NO under warm aerobic condition simultaneously
x, SO
2and PM
2.5device.
Background technology
Production of energy process has directly discharged a considerable amount of solid particle, and the factors such as the discharge of particle and boiler type, power, main fuel and dust removal separation apparatus are closely related.Coal fire discharged pellet especially PM
2.5be different from the clever grain things such as the dust of natural source, the organic pollutions such as each Heavy Metallic Elements of usual enrichment and PAHs, VOCs.
In coal-burning power plant, although traditional dedusting method has had higher efficiency of dust collection, the granule particularly particle diameter particle (PM that is less than 2.5 μm still well can not be controlled
2.5) discharge.The key of present research will be improved PM by effective approach
2.5removal efficiency.
The desulfur technology of existing exploitation has hundreds of, and wherein only raw coal washing, fluidized bed combustion, wet sulfur removal technology, wet type lime/lime stone sulfur removal technology, seawater desulfurizing process, simplified wet FGD technique, spray dry desulfurization technique, absorbent regeneration sulfur removal technology, flue spray absorbent sulfur removal technology, the Electron Beam Irradiation etc. more than 10 that activate of stove interior spray absorbent/N plant technology to practical feasible technical scheme.Mechanism of flue gas desulfurization is mainly divided into SO
2absorption and sorption and SO
2catalyzed conversion.In flue gas desulfurization, SO
2absorption mainly by be directly dissolved in solvent or with solvent generation chemical reaction and realizing, the cardinal principle of Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization Technique desulfurization is chemical absorbing.SO
2absorption mainly utilize and adsorb compared with the adsorbent of macropore volume and specific area, desulfurization by dry method mostly uses this principle.SO
2catalyzed conversion generally all occur on solid catalyst bed, as common catalytic oxidation, utilize catalytic component based on vanadium by SO
2be oxidized to sulfuric acid, and catalytic reduction method is by SO
2be converted into elemental sulfur.At present, in flue gas desulfurization technique, wet fuel gas desulfurizing technology is still technology main flow.
What control Pollutant in Coal Burning Boiler due to China has focused on SO
2improvement on, the NOx emission research of current China is at the early-stage, control device fall behind.The control of current NOx mainly contains 3 kinds of approach such as burning pre-treatment, the improvement of combustion system and burning post processing, but after burning, flue-gas denitrification technology is the important method controlling NOx emission, and the NOx in most of flue gas is processed by this method.The method that the flue gas containing NOx that burning post processing namely produces burning processes, i.e. denitrating flue gas.Gas denitrifying technology comprises several classes such as liquid absorption method, absorption method, catalysis method, plasma Treatment process.
Biologic filtration method, as a kind of emission control technology, succeeds in the improvement of volatile organic matter (VOC).This technique capital equipment is biological filtering tower combined working, and this is the container that a kind of inside is equipped with fixing organic or inorganic packing material usually, forms a biological filter system containing a large amount of microorganism.At present, this device is often used to the process containing ethanol, petroleum hydrocarbon and sulfide waste gas.In this processing procedure, the volatile organic waste gas with certain humidity enters biofilter, by having bioactive packing layer, organic pollution transfers to biosphere from gas phase, thus decomposed by microbiological oxidation, be carbon dioxide, water and other end product by organic pollution oxidation Decomposition wherein.Biological filtering tower combined working also for the nitrifying process of ammonia-containing gas, and achieves certain effect.Home and abroad has many researchers to attempt to adopt identical biological filtering tower combined working to remove NOx and SO in burnt gas respectively
2.Consider NOx and SO
2separately there is the shortcomings such as equipment cost is large, running is complicated, energy consumption is large in process, develops into NOx and SO gradually to its treatment research
2while remove.But existing biological filtering tower combined working equipment is all an open system, along with its Internal biological film comes off because of old and feeble, in environment, other miscellaneous bacteria can utilize nutriment and substitute target bacterial classification and become dominant bacteria.
The technology of existing industrial waste gas biological method synchronized desulfuring denitrogenation is little, and the method adopted both at home and abroad is at present by thiobacillus denitrificans and sulfate reducing bacteria co-treatment, thus reaches the simultaneous removing of sulphur nitrogen.But the enforcement of this method is perplexed because of the concentration of oxygen in waste gas, and most microorganism all reduces activity due to the inhibitory action of oxygen, thus causes SO
2greatly reduce with the removal efficiency of NOx.Especially, current bioanalysis is all carry out under normal temperature condition, and SO under mesophilic condition
2then be suppressed with the process of NOx.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly the shortcoming in order to solve above-mentioned prior art, provides one to remove NOx, SO in flue gas simultaneously
2and PM
2.5biological device.This device effectively solves the suppression problem of oxygen and temperature in waste gas, can make NOx and SO under middle temperature aerobic conditions
2removal efficiency reaches more than 90%, PM
2.5clearance reaches more than 80%, and can preponderate by assurance device internal object bacterial classification always, thus the high efficiency that holding device runs for a long time.
The present invention realizes by following technical solution:
A kind of NO_x removal, SO simultaneously
2and PM
2.5device, comprise control system, bio-trickling filter and microbial activity regenerator, be provided with the biomembranous packing layer of load in bio-trickling filter, microbial activity regenerator is built with microbial nutrient solution; The bottom of bio-trickling filter is communicated with microbial activity regenerator, and biologically active regenerator is communicated with bio-trickling top of tower by pump, and bio-trickling top of tower is also provided with exhaust outlet; Controlled flue gas to send into bio-trickling tower bottom by control system, control system also controls the liquid in microbial activity regenerator to pump into bio-trickling filter top.
Flue gas is transported to bio-trickling tower bottom by blower fan, afterwards again by the filler in filter tower, environment there is oxygen and temperature under the condition of 40-50 DEG C, NOx, SO in gas phase
2and PM
2.5by being then removed addicted under the synergy of warm aerobic denitrifying bacteria and thiobacillus denitrificans at resistance to heavy metal by liquid phase scrubbing in the process of packing layer, the gas after process is discharged from tower top; Described bio-trickling filter is also communicated with microbial activity regenerator, circulation fluid is after reactor body part, enter microbial activity regenerator, circulation fluid is by deoxidation gas, create temporary transient anaerobic environment for anaerobic bacteria growth, and improve reproduction speed and the activity of denitrifying bacterium well, after the microorganism of regeneration reenters bio-trickling filter main body, continued growth is also attached on filler, to substitute the biomembrane because old and feeble and backwash come off.
Preferably, in described bio-trickling filter, the top of packing layer is provided with a circle distributor, communicates with microbial activity regenerator.
Preferably, described bio-trickling filter packing layer is 1 ~ 3 layer.
Preferably, described control system also controls the temperature of liquid in microbial activity regenerator at 40-50 DEG C.
Preferably, the object bacteria liquid of the also regular new cultivation of interpolation in microbial activity regenerator.
Preferably, the microorganism on described biomembrane is the mixed bacterial of heterotroph aerobic denitrifying bacteria, thiobacillus denitrificans and sulfate reducing bacteria.
Preferably, described denitrifying bacterium is huge legendary turtle billiard ball bacterium (Chelatococcus daeguensis) TAD1, by the center preservation of China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms, address: No. 3, Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City, it is referred to as CGMCC, its deposit number is CGMCC No.5226, and preservation date is on September 6th, 2011.This part of preservation proves to be 201110331897.2 at application number, and name is called in the patent of a kind of huge legendary turtle billiard ball bacterium with aerobic denitrification capability and uses thereof to be submitted to, and this patent is authorized.
Preferably, the composition of described microbial nutrient solution comprises glucose 5g/L, NaCl4.6g/L, phosphate buffer pH=6.8 ~ 7.2, MgSO
47H
2o200mg/L, KNO
31g/L, micro-2ml/L.
Preferably, 1.0g/L KNO is also added in described microbial nutrient solution
3as nitrogenous source, nitrogenous source content regulates according to the size of exhaust gas volumn, and remaining on C/N is 6 ~ 9.Microbial nutrient solution passes into air and maintains dissolved oxygen at 7.6mg/L.
Flue gas enters and fills in Packed bio-trickling filter.The main body of bio-trickling filter is packing layer, for microorganism provides required nutriment, and adverse current air inlet at the bottom of tower.The flow of circulation fluid can be regulated, to reach best treatment effect according to the height of inlet gas concentration.NOx, SO in gas phase
2and PM
2.5contact with circulation fluid by liquid phase scrubbing, through being entered the mass transport process of liquid phase by gas phase.Especially, the microorganism grown in the tower of domestication can remove NOx, SO under mesophilic condition
2and PM
2.5, eliminate the process through scrubbing tower cooling.In flue gas, there is oxygen and temperature under the condition of 40-50 DEG C, enter NOx, the SO in liquid phase
2and PM
2.5in the process of packing layer by tame addicted to temperature and the aerobic microbiological of ability heavy metal characteristic absorb, the gas after process is discharged from tower top.
As shown in Figure 1, flue gas is transported to the bottom of bio-trickling filter by air pump, and in flue gas, pernicious gas comprises NOx, SO
2and PM
2.5.Flue gas enters into bio-trickling filter, and after contacting with filler, the pollutant of gaseous state, first through transferring to the mass transport process of the liquid film of liquid phase or solid phase surface from gas phase, can be utilized by microorganism under mesophilic condition.Through the flue gas of purification, NOx and SO
2clearance all can reach more than 90%, PM
2.5removal effect can reach more than 80%.Circulation fluid through king-tower laggard enter microbial activity regenerator.This device is that the growth of anaerobic bacteria provides condition, and the bacterium liquid newly added has better activity, after turning back to bio-trickling filter main body, continued growth is also attached on filler, to substitute the biomembrane because old and feeble and backwash come off, maintain high activity biological on filler.
Need in circulation fluid regularly to add the nutriment needed for growth of microorganism and the new object bacteria liquid cultivated.Component and the proportioning of circulation fluid are as follows: glucose 5g/L, NaCl4.6g/L, phosphate buffer pH=6.8 ~ 7.2, MgSO
47H
2o100mg/L, micro-2ml/L.The nutrient solution of bacterium liquid adds 1.0g/L KNO on the basis of circulation fluid
3as nitrogenous source, and in vibration case, cultivate 24h under temperature is 45 DEG C of conditions.Owing to containing nitrogen oxide in flue gas, microorganism can be supplied as nitrogenous source, therefore the nitrogenous source content added in circulation fluid regulates according to the concentration of nitrogen oxide in air inlet, general maintenance C/N is that 6-9 is best.Will consider the impact on growth of microorganism such as the change of pH value, the accumulation of harmful substance in plant running process, circulation fluid should regularly replace and supplement new bacterium liquid, avoids environmental factor to suppress the miscellaneous bacteria of microbial growth and extraneous easily growth to occupy advantage.
In the present invention, before device brings into operation, need to utilize the bacterium liquid through domestication to carry out biofilm.In biofilm in earlier stage, circulation fluid Middle nutrition material comprises glucose 5g/L, NaCl4.6g/L, phosphate buffer pH=6.8 ~ 7.2, MgSO
47H
2o200mg/L, KNO
31g/L, micro-2ml/L.Biofilm adopts drips filter and the mode of soaking interval or filler and nutrient solution Mixed culture, while ensureing that circulation fluid fully contacts with filler, has sufficient dissolved oxygen.Filler is attached with the macroscopic biomembrane of one deck and represents that biofilm completes.After biofilm completes, start to pass into flue gas.In operation in earlier stage, the KNO in circulation fluid
3reduce gradually, the exhaust gas volumn passed into increases gradually.The change of microorganism to nitrogenous source can be allowed like this to have a process adapted to.
In the present invention, the microorganism of growth is a compound system in bio-trickling filter, and microorganism wherein through the domestication of excessive concentrations heavy metal and middle temperature aerobic condition, makes it process NOx and SO before access device
2effect reach more than 90%.Heterotroph aerobic denitrifying bacteria, thiobacillus denitrificans, the sulfate reducing bacteria that can grow under high concentration heavy metal and medium temperature condition is there is in system.Aimed strain in the present invention is exactly that having of screening after taming under mesophilic condition removes NOx and SO
2the compound strain of function.Aerobic denitrifying bacteria absorbs and reduces the most of NOx entering liquid phase or solid phase, consumes the part oxygen in environment simultaneously.Organic carbon source major part in environment is consumed by aerobic denitrifying bacteria and sulfate reducing bacteria.The microbial activity regenerator of system is provided with bleeding point, the oxygen in circulation fluid can be removed, add that aerobic denitrifying bacteria consumes the partial oxidation in environment, cause biomembranous innermost layer to occur anaerobic or anaerobic zone, for the growth of thiobacillus denitrificans and sulfate reducing bacteria provides condition.Under the synergy of several microorganism, final sulfide is oxidized to the elemental sulfur of recoverable, and NOx is reduced to the N of nonhazardous
2.And aerobic denitrifying bacteria and thiobacillus denitrificans can produce alkali, with the part SO be dissolved in water
2there is neutralization reaction, thus reach NOx and SO
2the object simultaneously removed, and have cushioning effect to the change of pH in environment, avoid microorganism because the sharply change of pH loses activity even dead in environment.
The present invention has following advantage and beneficial effect relative to prior art:
(1) that the present invention adopts is bioanalysis NO_x removal, SO
2and PM
2.5, the advantages such as have process equipment simple, energy consumption is low, and operating cost is low, and secondary pollution is few.
(2) the present invention adopts bio-trickling tower apparatus, and is designed with microbial activity regenerator, can according to the flow of the size of pollutant levels in air inlet adjustment circulation fluid, and the system of ensure that can Effec-tive Function for a long time.
(3) present invention employs the composite microbial objects system through domestication, make NOx, SO in flue gas
2and PM
2.5can be removed simultaneously, and overcome the suppression problem of oxygen and temperature in environment, be suitable for the purification of coal-fired plant flue gas.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but working of an invention mode is not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
A kind of NO_x removal, SO simultaneously
2and PM
2.5device, as shown in Figure 1, comprise control system 1, bio-trickling filter 2 and microbial activity regenerator 3, be provided with the biomembranous packing layer of load in bio-trickling filter 2, microbial activity regenerator 3 is built with microbial nutrient solution and the new object bacteria liquid cultivated; The bottom of bio-trickling filter 2 is communicated with microbial activity regenerator 3, and biologically active regenerator 3 is communicated with bio-trickling filter 2 top by pump, and bio-trickling filter 2 top is also provided with exhaust outlet; Controlled to be sent into by flue gas bottom bio-trickling filter 2 by control system 1, control system 1 also controls the liquid in microbial activity regenerator 3 to pump into bio-trickling filter 2 top.In described bio-trickling filter 2, the top of packing layer arranges a circle distributor, communicates with microbial activity regenerator 3.
Prof. Du Yucang waste gas: NOx10mg/m
3, SO
27mg/m
3, O
25%, CO
212%.Intake air temperature is 40-50 DEG C, and waste gas average external volume flow is 20m
3/ h.
(1) according to pending gas flow, determine that bio-trickling filter packing layer is one deck.The flow of circulation fluid is 5L/h.
(2) be inoculated on filler by cultured composite bacteria, adopt and soak and drip a mode of filter and circulate and test waste gas pure qi (oxygen) efficiency after biofilm two weeks and reach 90%, biofilm is successful.King-tower part insulation belt is bound, and keeps its temperature at 45 DEG C.
(3) water-bath of circulation fluid temperature remains on 45 DEG C, and passes into air maintenance dissolved oxygen at 7.6mg/L, every the new bacterium liquid cultivated of access in 3 days in circulation fluid.Circulation fluid by the distributor above transport pump to two-layer filler, exit gas NOx concentration 0.32mg/m
3, SO
2concentration is 0.21mg/m
3.
Embodiment 2
Certain miniature boiler waste gas key component and concentration: NOx100mg/m
3, SO
280mg/m
3, O
28%, CO
211%, PM
2.5content is 420 μ g/m
3, intake air temperature is 40-50 DEG C, and waste gas average external volume flow is 1000m
3/ h.
(1) be two-layer according to pending gas flow determination bio-trickling filter packing layer, circulating fluid flow rate is 250L/h, cultured composite bacteria is inoculated on filler, biofilm adopts the method for filler and nutrient solution Mixed culture, make the fine load of microorganism at filling surface, reinstall afterwards in packed tower.And then continue biofilm a period of time, filler grows one deck biomembrane, represent biofilm success.
(2) circulation fluid heating rod makes temperature remain on 45 DEG C, and passes into air and maintain dissolved oxygen at 7.6mg/L, every the new bacterium liquid cultivated of access in 3 days in circulation fluid, so that ensure can not due to PM in microbial body
2.5accumulation and cause system effectiveness to decline.
(3) waste gas enters biofiltration tower, and operating temperature is 45 DEG C; PH is 6.8 ~ 7.2.Exit NOx concentration 10.72mg/m
3, denitrification percent reaches 89.28%, SO
2concentration is 10.04mg/m
3, desulfurization degree reaches 87.45%, PM
2.5removal efficiency is 87%.And effect keeps stable in two months of test.
Embodiment 3
The flue gas key component of certain coal-burning power plant and concentration: NO700mg/m
3, SO
2520mg/m
3, O
28%, CO
210%, PM
2.5content is 530 μ g/m
3.Intake air temperature is 40-50 DEG C, and exhaust gas volume flow is about 10000m
3/ h.
(1) according to pending gas flow and waste gas nitrous oxides concentration, determine that bio-trickling filter packing layer is three layers.The total flow of circulation fluid is 1000L/h.
(2) be inoculated on filler by cultured composite bacteria, biofilm adopts the method for filler and nutrient solution Mixed culture, makes the fine load of microorganism at filling surface, reinstalls afterwards in packed tower.Then in tower, continue biofilm a period of time again, filler grows one deck biomembrane, represent biofilm success.
(3) circulation fluid temperature remains on 45 DEG C, and passes into air and maintain dissolved oxygen at 7.6mg/L, every the new bacterium liquid cultivated of access in 3 days in circulation fluid, so that ensure can not due to PM in microbial body
2.5accumulation and cause system effectiveness to decline.
(4) waste gas enters biofiltration tower, and operating temperature is 45 DEG C; PH is 6.8 ~ 7.2.Exit NOx concentration is 89.2mg/m
3, denitrification percent reaches 87.25%, SO
2concentration is 69.8mg/m
3, desulfurization degree reaches 86.58%, PM
2.5removal efficiency is 84%, and test half a year in effect stability.
Embodiment 4
The flue gas key component of certain coal-burning power plant and concentration: NO1500mg/m
3, SO
21000mg/m
3, O
28%, CO
210%, PM
2.5content is 650 μ g/m
3.Exhaust gas volume flow is about 100000m
3/ h.
(1) according to pending gas flow, determine that bio-trickling filter packing layer is three layers.Circulating fluid flow rate is adjusted to 6000L/h.
(2) be inoculated on filler by cultured composite bacteria, biofilm adopts the method for filler and nutrient solution Mixed culture, makes the fine load of microorganism at filling surface, reinstalls afterwards in packed tower.Then biofilm a period of time again in tower, filler grows one deck biomembrane, represent biofilm success.
(3) circulation fluid temperature remains on 45 DEG C, and passes into air and maintain dissolved oxygen at 7.6mg/L, every the new bacterium liquid cultivated of access in 3 days in circulation fluid, so that ensure can not due to PM in microbial body
2.5accumulation and cause system effectiveness to decline.
(4) waste gas enters biofiltration tower, and operating temperature is 45 DEG C; PH is 6.8 ~ 7.2.Exit NOx concentration is 260mg/m
3, denitrification percent reaches 82.6%, SO
2concentration is 210mg/m
3, desulfurization degree reaches 79%, PM
2.5removal efficiency is 81%, and test 1 year in effect stability.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention's preferably embodiment; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; change, the modification done under other any does not deviate from Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle, substitute, combine, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.