CN103104247A - Drill-bit gear-ring combined rock-breaking testing system - Google Patents
Drill-bit gear-ring combined rock-breaking testing system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103104247A CN103104247A CN 201110377684 CN201110377684A CN103104247A CN 103104247 A CN103104247 A CN 103104247A CN 201110377684 CN201110377684 CN 201110377684 CN 201110377684 A CN201110377684 A CN 201110377684A CN 103104247 A CN103104247 A CN 103104247A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a drill-bit gear-ring combined rock-breaking testing system. The drill-bit gear-ring combined rock-breaking testing system is mainly composed of a rotating disc (1), a tooth-wheel gear ring (2), a drill-bit rotating speed sensor (3), a pressure sensor (8), a tooth-wheel rotating speed sensor (4) and a torque sensor (5), wherein the tooth-wheel gear ring (2) is installed on the rotating disc (1), the drill-bit rotating speed sensor (3) contacts the surface of the rotating disc (1), the pressure sensor (8) is installed on the rotating disc (1), and the tooth-wheel rotating speed sensor (4) and the torque sensor (5) contact the tooth-wheel gear ring (2). The rotating disc (1) is connected with a rotating-disc driving device, the torque sensor (5) is connected with a torque driving device, and the drill-bit rotating speed sensor (3) is connected with a measuring and control device. By means of the drill-bit gear-ring combined rock-breaking testing system, movement and rock-breaking conditions of teeth on each gear ring of a drill bit can be imitated according to structure parameters and tooth surface structures of the drill bit, and the dynamic parameters can be processed and measured through a data collection system and a computer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the compound broken rock pilot system of a kind of drill bit gear ring.
Background technology
In oil drilling, drill bit is the main tool of broken formation rock, is the important means that improves rate of penetration in petroleum drilling engineering, reduces drilling cost.In order to improve the efficiency of breaking rock of drill bit, reach the purpose that reduces costs, just must and select the drill bit that is fit to formation characteristics for different drilling stratum designs.The main method of research drill bit efficiency of breaking rock has field trial and laboratory test both at home and abroad at present, field trial is exactly the drill bit application at the scene that designs for Different Strata, and then revise design and processing again, and develop like this cycle that a specific character drill bit needs long, cost is high; Indoor main test method has the vertical indentation test of monodentate, the test of drill bit gear ring composite motion broken rock and full gauge bit drilling test.
The test that research is carried out for drill bit at present is mainly full gauge bit test and the test of drill bit gear ring composite motion broken rock, and full head dip test is mainly to detect the Fracture law that new drill creeps into the Different Strata rock; The test of drill bit gear ring composite motion broken rock is mainly the Fracture law of research different drill structure parameters, cutting structure and drilling parameter and formation rock.The test macro of existing full head dip test and the test of drill bit gear ring composite motion broken rock is mainly by drill bit, gear wheel and gear ring rotational speed pulse signal in sensor, detecting rotational speed instrument and data collecting card acquisition test process; By drill bit displacement, the pressure of the drill and the simulation torque signal in sensor, dynamic strain indicator and data collecting card acquisition test process.But along with further in-depth of drill bit research, a lot of problems that have existing head dip test test macro can not satisfy the needs of present stage drill bit research and new product development, such as: motion and the stressing conditions of research drill bit and 5 teeth, the analog quantity channel of existing two 8 channel data capture cards is inadequate, can not satisfy the expanded function of test needs comprehensively; Due to the impact of hydraulic system, motor and environment etc., the signal of dynamic strain indicator collection contains a large amount of noises, and the experimental data accuracy is not high; The hardware device such as dynamic strain indicator and data collecting card is expensive, the test system hardware high in cost of production.Therefore in the urgent need to setting up a cover based on the head dip test test macro of modern test technology, with can be fast, accurately, motion and the stressing conditions of Real-time Collection drill bit and each tooth, thereby provide important research technique for new product development and the scientific design of drill bit.
The drill bit new product development must be through its performance of verification experimental verification on the basis of theory research, and head dip test has very important effect to the research and development premium quality product.Abroad, U.S. Smith Bits company, Hughes Christensen company, Halliburton company and Britain Schlumberger Cambridge company etc. have all set up the head dip test testing jig, drill bit research experiment newly developed is found out its pluses and minuses, and correspondingly formulated the examination criteria of head dip test; Each company has all applied for corresponding drill bit design of Simulation patent simultaneously, wherein major part is take head dip test as the basis, many achievements in research have been obtained by carrying out head dip test, develop series of characteristics or high-performance drill bit, played very important effect for the mechanical separator speed that improves drill bit, crushing efficiency etc.
1975, built up the test stand of first full-scale simulation conditions down-hole in the salt lake city of Utah, USA, can be used for testing drill bit, downhole tool and some mud motors.Apply drilling pressure with hydraulic control system, servo-control system can be controlled by the needs of test objective and creep into permanent the pressure of the drill, permanent drilling speed or permanent moment of torsion mode.In drilling process, the data that capable of dynamic is measured have: drilling depth amount and the penetration rate of covering stress, lithostatic stress, pore pressure and the drill bit of the pressure of the drill, rotating speed, moment of torsion, rock.1985, Britain's Schlumberger Cambridge company built up the wellbore test frame of the well-known artificial ground of another world, and this test stand can be simulated the pressure and temperature of well depth 5000m.The collection of its whole experimental implementation control, the control of down-hole simulated conditions and experimental data and the closed-loop control that computer system is all used in processing, its control and test macro are more advanced.
At home, the units such as Jiang-Han Area drill bit joint-stock company, Chengdu exchange factory, Southwest Petrol University, Daqing oil field carry out drill bit new product development and scientific design studies and have all set up corresponding head dip test frame, to improving China's bit performance and research, catching up with world standard and played certain effect.1989, the miniature bur test stand of situation at the bottom of a simulation well was built up in the drilling well of Beijing petroleum exploration and development academy of China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC).This test stand can do the following drill bit of 37/8in under 3500m well depth condition drilling test and carry out process of the test in data acquisition and analyzing and processing.The nineties, the drilling technology research institute of Daqing oil field builds up the machinery test stand of a simulation 6000m well depth condition.From 1981, drill bit research institute of Southwest Petrol University just carries out experimental study to point angle speed and gear wheel angular velocity, carry out the full gauge bit experiment on the large-size drill test stand, this test stand can apply the pressure of the drill of 300kN to drill bit, and record pulse signal and analog signal in process of the test by sensor, input secondary meter again and computer is processed, obtain the signals such as the pressure of the drill, moment of torsion, displacement and drill speed in process of the test.The beginning of the eighties, drill bit research institute of Southwest Petrol University is under the support energetically of China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC), solving geometry of roller, kinematics series of theories problem, grasp drill bit and touched on the basis of the motion state of end tooth itself and rule thereof, built up the testing equipment that a simulation rock bit tooth of initiating is made the hole process both at home and abroad.It can make the sample tooth make identical compound motion with true drill teeth, and by the operating process of console Control experiment, acquisition system acquisition test data are inputted computer again and carried out analyzing and processing.
These head dip test functions of the equipments imperfections, the operating console that various controls is housed by manually-operated is realized the control of whole process of the test, automaticity is low, particularly test macro adopts the signal of conventional hardware measuring apparatus acquisition test process, function singleness, very flexible, expanded function limitation be large, be subject to external interference, collection signal contain a large amount of noises and hardware cost high.Complicated along with the increase of the oil drilling degree of depth and formation rock, more urgent according to the research work of Different Strata rock characteristics design and development characteristic drill bit, the importance of head dip test test seems more outstanding, the requirement that existing head dip test test macro does not reach the high-performance drill bit experimental test obviously.
Motion state and stress when rock bit is worked in the shaft bottom are very complexes.Drill bit moves in the shaft bottom, except drill bit around self axis rotatablely move as clockwise direction and gear wheel around the bit leg axis is done counterclockwise to rotatablely move, also has the slip of axial longitudinal vibration and gear wheel, the compound motion that these several motions occur simultaneously, combine when being drilling well.Rock bit is fractured rock under impact, crushing and the slip shear action that above-mentioned compound motion produces.
Can produce extensional vibration during roller bit cutting, in each vibration, compression lower drilling string when drill bit is up, when drill bit is descending drill string recover former length, its potential energy is converted into the dynamic loading of drill bit.During drill bit work, the power that tooth is applied on rock has static load (being added in the pressure of the drill on drill bit) and dynamic loading (drill bit and lower drilling string are accelerated to descend and the dynamic load of generation), when that is to say tooth impact grinding rock, the reaction force that drill bit is subject to rock also equals static load and dynamic loading sum.Drill bit except being subject to vertical static load and dynamic loading, due to drill string rotating, also will be subject to torsional interaction when underground work.When the pressure of the drill is larger, tooth wedging rock is darker, and especially tooth slides in the shaft bottom when larger, and the moment of torsion that drill bit bears is larger.
When rock bit is worked in the shaft bottom, because drill bit produces longitudinal vibration in the shaft bottom, make drill string constantly compression and extension, lower drilling string passes to tooth to this periodic elastic deformation energy, produce tooth to impact, the granulitization of rock, this crumbling method is one of major way of rock bit fractured rock.In rock bit when work,, because the project organization of drill bit and the impact of stratum frictional resistance produce slip, rotating speed is faster, slippage is larger, and is larger to the shearing-crushing of rock, thereby shears bottom rock by the slip of tooth, improves crushing efficiency.Can find out in the research process of drill bit the brief analysis of rock bit in shaft bottom motion, stressed and fractured rock situation according to above-mentioned, must effectively analyze the pressure of the drill, torsional interaction and drill bit that the broken rock motion of drill bit bears and the rotating speed of gear wheel.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming and defect of above-mentioned prior art, provide a kind of drill bit gear ring compound broken rock pilot system, the compound broken rock pilot system of this drill bit gear ring can be according to structural parameters and the tooth cutting structure of drill bit, motion and the broken rock situation of each gear ring upper teeth of simulation drill bit, and process by data collecting system and computer and measure these dynamic parameters.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: the compound broken rock pilot system of drill bit gear ring, mainly by rotating disk, be arranged on the rotating disk top gear wheel gear ring, the drill speed sensor that contacts with disc surfaces, be arranged on the pressure sensor on rotating disk and the gear wheel speed probe and the torque sensor that contact with the gear wheel gear ring consist of, described rotating disk is connected with rotating blade drive, torque sensor is connected with the torque drive device, and the drill speed sensor is connected with measure and control device.
Described rotating blade drive mainly is made of the oil cylinder that is connected with rotating disk and the oil pump that is connected with oil cylinder.
Be provided with piston between described oil cylinder and rotating disk.
Described torque drive device mainly is made of the driver that is connected with torque sensor and the motor that is connected with driver.
Described measure and control device mainly by the detecting rotational speed instrument that all is connected with drill speed sensor and gear wheel speed probe, the dynamic strain indicator that all is connected with torque sensor and pressure sensor, the data acquisition device that all is connected with detecting rotational speed instrument and dynamic strain indicator and the computer that is connected with data acquisition device and console consist of.
In sum, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: can be according to structural parameters and the tooth cutting structure of drill bit, motion and the broken rock situation of each gear ring upper teeth of simulation drill bit, and process by data collecting system and computer and measure these dynamic parameters.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited only to this.
Embodiment:
As shown in Figure 1, the compound broken rock pilot system of the drill bit gear ring that the present invention relates to, mainly by rotating disk 1, be arranged on the gear wheel gear ring 2 of rotating disk 1 top, with the drill speed sensor 3 of rotating disk 1 Surface Contact, be arranged on the pressure sensor 8 on rotating disk 1 and the gear wheel speed probe 4 that contacts with gear wheel gear ring 2 and torque sensor 5 and consist of, described rotating disk 1 is connected with rotating blade drive, torque sensor 5 is connected with the torque drive device, and drill speed sensor 3 is connected with measure and control device.
Described rotating blade drive mainly is made of the oil cylinder 6 that is connected with rotating disk 1 and the oil pump 7 that is connected with oil cylinder 6.
Be provided with piston 17 between described oil cylinder 6 and rotating disk 1.
Described torque drive device mainly is made of the driver 14 that is connected with torque sensor 5 and the motor 15 that is connected with driver 14.
Described measure and control device mainly by the detecting rotational speed instrument 9 that all is connected with drill speed sensor 3 and gear wheel speed probe 4, the dynamic strain indicator 10 that all is connected with torque sensor 5 and pressure sensor 8, the data acquisition device 11 that all is connected with detecting rotational speed instrument 9 and dynamic strain indicator 10 and the computer 12 that is connected with data acquisition device 11 and console 13 consist of.
operating principle of the present invention is: keeping the drill bit gear ring in the situation that the position on full gauge bit and structural parameters are constant, according to the Simulation results of full gauge bit, determine the rotating ratio of rational the pressure of the drill, rotating speed and gear wheel and drill bit, then required the pressure of the drill when adding fast (unloading) and carry device and realize in the short time, the pressure of the drill being added to the broken rock of full gauge bit gear ring at the utmost point, make again the tooth of gear ring and rock 16 mutual effects break away from rock 16 within the extremely short time, the effective travel that is gear ring tooth fractured rock 16 is a circle (comprises and loading and uninstall process), in data acquisition, / 3rd circles are as loading procedure and uninstall process, 2/3rds circles are as the effective fractured rock 16 of gear ring, so just guaranteed to measure exactly the interaction process of drill teeth and rock under nominal situation, use kinematic parameter and kinetic parameter in data collecting system and computer recording drill teeth and rock interaction process in process of the test, at last, the degree of depth in broken hole after the broken rock of measurement drill bit gear ring, broken area and fragmentation volume.
Process of the test of the present invention is as follows:
The rock sample of appearing that 1. at first will gather is processed into 300 * 300 * 300 (mm
3) the Standard rock sample of compound broken rock experiment use, then with the Standard rock sample that processes more than air-dry two weeks under nature;
In the testing machine rock gripper box of first sillar of well cutting being packed into when 2. testing;
3. according to the structural parameters of drill bit and test gear ring in the position of drill bit, that adjusts the test gear ring on testing machine moves wheelbase, axial rake and drill bit tooth pawl reference dimension C value;
4. according to the Simulation results of full drill bit, adjust drill speed; And by the gear wheel of test gear ring and a stable drive ratio of drill speed, adjust the test gear;
5. according to the Simulation results of full drill bit, the pressure of the drill that the confirmed test gear ring should apply is big or small;
6. starter motor makes the testing machine dial rotation, by the processes such as startup, loading, maintenance dead load and unloading in the automatic Control experiment gear ring of operating console rock break-off process, by dynamic parameter and performance graphs such as the pressure of the drill in pressure sensor and drill speed analyzer real-time continuous measurement rock break-off process, drill speed, gear wheel rotating speeds, also obtain in addition one without the broken shaft bottom of repeating broken hole simultaneously;
7. the hole of measuring qualified broken hole is dark, area and volume, move in the pattern that obtains broken hole and drill bit gear ring upper teeth rock break-off process and power between corresponding relation.
In order to determine the actual loading situation of drill bit each gear ring under certain the pressure of the drill, adopt different the pressure of the drill to carry out compound broken rock test for concrete gear ring on compound broken rock testing machine, observe the size in broken hole, obtain the dynamic parameter of process of the test by data collecting system, determine at last test load and the test parameters of each gear ring of drill bit.
The above is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not the present invention is done any pro forma restriction, and every foundation technical spirit of the present invention, any simple modification, equivalent variations that above embodiment is done are within all falling into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the compound broken rock pilot system of drill bit gear ring, it is characterized in that, mainly by rotating disk (1), be arranged on the gear wheel gear ring (2) of rotating disk (1) top, drill speed sensor (3) with rotating disk (1) Surface Contact, be arranged on the pressure sensor (8) on rotating disk (1), and the gear wheel speed probe (4) that contacts with gear wheel gear ring (2) and torque sensor (5) formation, described rotating disk (1) is connected with rotating blade drive, torque sensor (5) is connected with the torque drive device, drill speed sensor (3) is connected with measure and control device.
2. the compound broken rock pilot system of drill bit gear ring according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described rotating blade drive mainly is made of the oil cylinder (6) that is connected with rotating disk (1) and the oil pump (7) that is connected with oil cylinder (6).
3. the compound broken rock pilot system of drill bit gear ring according to claim 2, is characterized in that, is provided with piston (17) between described oil cylinder (6) and rotating disk (1).
4. the compound broken rock pilot system of drill bit gear ring according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described torque drive device mainly is made of the driver (14) that is connected with torque sensor (5) and the motor (15) that is connected with driver (14).
5. the compound broken rock pilot system of drill bit gear ring according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described measure and control device is mainly by the detecting rotational speed instrument (9) that all is connected with drill speed sensor (3) and gear wheel speed probe (4), the dynamic strain indicator (10) that all is connected with torque sensor (5) and pressure sensor (8), the data acquisition device (11) that all is connected with detecting rotational speed instrument (9) and dynamic strain indicator (10), and the computer (12) that is connected with data acquisition device (11) and console (13) formation.
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| CN 201110377684 CN103104247A (en) | 2011-11-09 | 2011-11-09 | Drill-bit gear-ring combined rock-breaking testing system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114165212A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-03-11 | 中国地质科学院勘探技术研究所 | Drilling parameter acquisition test device for small-caliber core drilling |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114165212A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-03-11 | 中国地质科学院勘探技术研究所 | Drilling parameter acquisition test device for small-caliber core drilling |
| CN114165212B (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2023-09-15 | 中国地质科学院勘探技术研究所 | Drilling parameter acquisition test device for small-caliber core drilling |
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Application publication date: 20130515 |