CN103103556B - Tubular ceramic membrane reactor and methanol synthesis method implemented by using same - Google Patents

Tubular ceramic membrane reactor and methanol synthesis method implemented by using same Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103103556B
CN103103556B CN201310070960.0A CN201310070960A CN103103556B CN 103103556 B CN103103556 B CN 103103556B CN 201310070960 A CN201310070960 A CN 201310070960A CN 103103556 B CN103103556 B CN 103103556B
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microtubule
electrolyzer
tubular
ceramic membrane
membrane reactor
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CN103103556A (en
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张小珍
胡健平
周健儿
汪永清
江瑜华
巫春荣
章婧
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Jingdezhen Ceramic Institute
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Jingdezhen Ceramic Institute
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Abstract

The invention relates to a tubular ceramic membrane reactor and a methanol synthesis method implemented by using the same. The method is used for synthesizing methanol through the tubular ceramic membrane reactor by taking enormously discharged greenhouse gas CO2 and water vapor as raw material gas, namely, under the action of a high temperature (400-800 DEG C) and an external electric field (1.2-2.5 V), water is subjected to electrolytic reaction at the anode of a proton type microtubular electrolytic cell so as to generate H<+>, the H<+> generated by the anode is transmitted to the cathode of the electrolytic cell through a proton conductor electrolyte membrane, CO2 fed into a cathode chamber is reacted with the high-activity H<+> and e<-> on a gas/solid interface in a Ni-based porous cathode with catalytic activity, so that the methanol is synthesized at normal pressure. The methanol synthesis method has the characteristics of energy conservation, emission reduction, environmental friendliness and capability of mass production, so that the method has the advantage of broad application prospect.

Description

A kind of method of tubular ceramic membrane reactor and synthesizing methanol thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to ceramic material technical field, be specifically related to a kind of method of tubular ceramic membrane reactor and synthesizing methanol thereof.
Background technology
Methyl alcohol is the raw material of chemistry and energy industry widespread use, be widely used in and produce plastics, synthon, synthetic rubber, coating, spices, medicine and agricultural chemicals etc., and be a kind of important organic solvent, be that the Chemicals of raw material production can reach hundreds of with methyl alcohol.Methyl alcohol is also a kind of environment-protecting clean fuel, as the substitute of petroleum or product function more and more obviously (methanol fuel and deep processed product dme thereof all can be used as relatively cheap traffic fuel), mate with existing energy structure, have broad application prospects.
Methane synthesizing method conventional at present for raw material, is converted into synthetic gas (H with fossil resource (Sweet natural gas, coal and oil etc.) 2with CO gas mixture), then in synthetic tower under high temperature (350 ~ 400 DEG C) and high pressure (20 ~ 30MPa) and catalyzer acting in conjunction synthesizing methanol.This conventional methanol synthetic method limits by thermodynamics of reactions condition, methanol yield is low, also can cause the huge consumption of non-renewable fossil resource, and there is the shortcoming that investment is large, high to equipment requirements, occupation of land space is large, production process energy consumption is large, environmental pollution serious and production cost is higher.In recent years, CO is passed through 2hydrogenation (H 2) synthesizing methanol just receiving increasing concern, this method is with the CO discharged in industrial production 2the waste gas that content is high or the CO trapped from air 2replacement CO is raw material, in the synthetic tower of certain temperature (220 ~ 300 DEG C), pressure (5 ~ 10MPa), with H under copper-based catalysts effect 2reactive Synthesis methyl alcohol, its raw materials used CO 2gas is the abundantest potential carbon source of nature, is also cause one of Greenhouse effect primary discharge gas.Therefore, CO 2gas hydrogenation (H 2) synthesizing methanol is to CO 2recycling and eliminate CO 2the harm tool of environment is of great significance, but this methane synthesizing method needs elevated pressures with traditional by the method for fossil resource synthesizing methanol is the same and consumes huge energy source and power, and CO 2low conversion rate (< 20%) and synthesizing methanol productive rate little (< 12%), and hydrogen used mainly adopts fossil oil to prepare, and also can consume a large amount of non-renewable fossil resources and produce CO 2deng environmental pollutant.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of efficient, clean, economic, the method for tubular ceramic membrane reactor synthesizing methanol that can be mass-produced.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of tubular ceramic membrane reactor, be made up of tubular type gradient electric furnace, microtubule electrolyzer, sealing-in sleeve pipe, described microtubule electrolyzer internal passages is cathode compartment, described microtubule electrolyzer sealing-in sleeve pipe outside with it forms anolyte compartment, it is inner that described sealing-in sleeve pipe is arranged on tubular type gradient electric furnace, it is characterized in that: described microtubule electrolyzer is made up of with layered arrangement cathode support body, electrolytic thin-membrane, anode, described tubular anode room is provided with steam entry, and it is catalyst based that described tubular type cathode compartment side is provided with Cu-Zn.
The microtubule of described microtubule electrolyzer to be external diameter be 2 ~ 3mm.
Described microtubule material is the mixture of NiO and proton conductor material, and its mass percent is 60%:40%.
Described proton conductor material is BaZr 0.3ce 0.5y 0.16zn 0.04o 3-δ.
The thickness of described microtubule electrolytic cell anode is 20 ~ 40 μm.
The material of described microtubule electrolytic cell anode is La 0.6sr 0.4co 0.2fe 0.8o 3-δwith
BaZr 0.3ce 0.5y 0.16zn 0.04o 3-δmixture, its mass percent is 70%:30%.
The material of described microtubule cell electrolyte film is BaZr 0.3ce 0.5y 0.16zn 0.04o 3-δ.
The work area temperature of described microtubule electrolyzer is 400 ~ 800 DEG C, and the catalyst based work area temperature of Cu-Zn is 200 ~ 400 DEG C.
The method of above-mentioned a kind of tubular ceramic membrane reactor synthesizing methanol, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
The first step: by tubular type gradient electric furnace by the heating temperatures of microtubule electrolyzer to 400 ~ 800 DEG C;
Second step: the cathode support body of microtubule electrolyzer is connected with the negative pole of direct supply, the anode of microtubule electrolyzer connects with the positive pole of direct supply;
3rd step: pass into hydrogen in tubular type cathode compartment, makes the NiO on microtubule cathode of electrolytic tank supporter be reduced to Ni;
4th step: after the NiO on microtubule cathode of electrolytic tank supporter has reduced, pass into CO by the introducing port of tubular type cathode compartment 2gas;
5th step: the anode by the steam entry of tubular anode room steam-laden Ar gas being passed into microtubule electrolyzer carries out decomposition reaction and generates highly active H +;
6th step: highly active H +by electrolytic thin-membrane transfer on cathode support body with CO 2gas reacts, at ambient pressure synthesizing methanol, and is derived by the export mouth of tubular type cathode compartment by behind the catalyst based region of Cu-Zn.
The electrolysis voltage of described microtubule electrolyzer is 1.2 ~ 2.5V.
H needed for described methanol-fueled CLC +quantity by water vapour content in adjustment Ar gas, flow rates,
Cell operating temperature, electrolysis voltage control.
The electrolytic reaction that described electrolytic cell anode occurs is: 3H 2o (g) → 6H ++ 3/2O 2(g)+6e -.
The electrolytic reaction that described cathode of electrolytic tank supporter occurs is: CO 2(g)+6H ++ 6e -→ CH 3oH (g)+H 2o (g).
The building-up reactions of the catalyst based generation of described Cu-Zn is: CO 2(g)+3H 2→ CH 3oH (g)+H 2o (g).
Technical scheme of the present invention compared with prior art has following innovation:
(1) adopt the technology of the present invention can under normal pressure (~ 0.1MPa) synthesizing methanol, and CO 2transformation efficiency and methanol yield significantly improve than prior art, can simplify methanol synthesizing process and reduce costs;
(2) CO can be transformed on a large scale 2for fuel and industrial chemicals, save non-renewable fossil fuel resource, greatly reduce greenhouse gases CO 2discharge and realize neutral carbon circulation, to environment protection important in inhibiting;
(3) be convenient to, in the electric energy that renewable energy source (sun power, wind energy etc.) or advanced nuclear reactor provided and the reaction of heat energy efficient for high-temperature vapour electrolytic hydrogen production ion, finally carry out the synthesis of methyl alcohol, to reduce the consumption to fossil resource in methanol-fueled CLC;
(4) anolyte compartment can obtain pure oxygen and H 2the gas mixture of O, this high-temperature oxygen-enriched steam can directly apply to the gasification reaction etc. of coal or biomass;
(5) methanol yield can reach 25.4%, far above the productive rate of prior art methyl alcohol.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is the structural representation of tubular ceramic membrane reactor cross-section of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be described in detail:
embodiment 1
The preparation of electrolytic cell:
(1) NiO and BaZr is adopted 0.3ce 0.5y 0.16zn 0.04o 3-δ(BZCYZ) mixture (mass percent is 60%:40%) prepares by phase inversion process is shaping the cathode support body 4 that external diameter is 2mm, burns till after drying at 1250 DEG C of insulation 4h;
(2) on cathode support body 4, prepare by vacuum aided dip-coating method the BaZr that thickness is 20 μm 0.3ce 0.5y 0.16zn 0.04o 3-δ(BZCYZ) electrolytic thin-membrane 5, burns till at 1400 DEG C of insulation 4h after drying;
(3) adopt spin-coating method at electrolytic thin-membrane 5 surface preparation La 0.6sr 0.4co 0.2fe 0.8o 3 δ(LSCF)-BaZr 0.3ce 0.5y 0.16zn 0.04o 3-δ(BZCYZ) anode, and burn till at 1000 DEG C of insulation 2h, finally making structure is: the proton type microtubule electrolytic cell of NiO-BZCYZ/ BZCYZ/LSCF-BZCYZ type.
The structure of tubular ceramic membrane reactor:
The cathode compartment 3 of structure to be proton type microtubule electrolyzer 11 internal passages of NiO-BZCYZ/ BZCYZ/LSCF-BZCYZ be reactor, sealing-in sleeve pipe 12 outside with it forms the anolyte compartment 2 of reactor, it is inner that sealing-in sleeve pipe 12 is fixed on tubular type gradient electric furnace 1 together with internal micro-tubes electrolyzer 11, finally makes tubular ceramic membrane reactor.
Methane synthesizing method:
The tubular ceramic membrane reactor of structure shown in Fig. 1 is adopted to carry out methanol-fueled CLC, CO in building-up process 2transformation efficiency is 36.2%, and methanol yield is 22.8%, and concrete steps are as follows:
The first step: by tubular type gradient electric furnace 1 by the heating temperatures of microtubule electrolyzer 11 to 650 DEG C;
Second step: the cathode support body 4 of microtubule electrolyzer 11 is connected with the negative pole of direct supply, the anode 6 of microtubule electrolyzer 11 connects with the positive pole of direct supply, and the voltage of direct supply is 1.6V;
3rd step: pass into hydrogen in tubular type cathode compartment 3, makes the NiO on microtubule electrolyzer 11 cathode support body 4 be reduced to Ni;
4th step: after the NiO on microtubule electrolyzer 11 cathode support body 4 has reduced, passes into CO by the introducing port 8 of tubular type cathode compartment 3 with the speed of 40ml/min 2gas;
5th step: the anode 6 by the steam entry 10 of tubular anode room 2 the Ar gas of containing water vapor 20% being passed into microtubule electrolyzer 11 with the speed of 200ml/min carries out decomposition reaction and generates highly active H +;
6th step: highly active H +by electrolytic thin-membrane 5 transfer on cathode support body 4 with CO 2gas reacts, at ambient pressure synthesizing methanol gas, and by being derived by the export mouth 9 of tubular type cathode compartment 3 behind catalyst based 7 regions of Cu-Zn.
embodiment 2:
The preparation of electrolytic cell and the structure of tubular ceramic membrane reactor are with embodiment 1.
Methane synthesizing method:
The tubular ceramic membrane reactor of structure shown in Fig. 1 is adopted to carry out methanol-fueled CLC, CO in building-up process 2transformation efficiency is 43.7%, and methanol yield is 25.4%, and concrete steps are as follows:
The first step: by tubular type gradient electric furnace 1 by the heating temperatures of microtubule electrolyzer 11 to 650 DEG C;
Second step: the cathode support body 4 of microtubule electrolyzer 11 is connected with the negative pole of direct supply, the anode 6 of microtubule electrolyzer 11 connects with the positive pole of direct supply, and the voltage of direct supply is 2V;
3rd step: pass into hydrogen in tubular type cathode compartment 3, makes the NiO on microtubule electrolyzer 11 cathode support body 4 be reduced to Ni;
4th step: after the NiO on microtubule electrolyzer 11 cathode support body 4 has reduced, passes into CO by the introducing port 8 of tubular type cathode compartment 3 with the speed of 40ml/min 2gas;
5th step: the anode 6 by the steam entry 10 of tubular anode room 2 the Ar gas of containing water vapor 30% being passed into microtubule electrolyzer 11 with the speed of 200ml/min carries out decomposition reaction and generates highly active H +;
6th step: highly active H +by electrolytic thin-membrane 5 transfer on cathode support body 4 with CO 2gas reacts, at ambient pressure synthesizing methanol gas, and by being derived by the export mouth 9 of tubular type cathode compartment 3 behind catalyst based 7 regions of Cu-Zn.
The above, be only the present invention's preferably embodiment, but scope is not limited thereto, and is equal to and replaces or change, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention according to technical scheme of the present invention and inventive concept thereof.

Claims (9)

1. a tubular ceramic membrane reactor, by tubular type gradient electric furnace (1), microtubule electrolyzer (11), sealing-in sleeve pipe (12) is formed, described microtubule electrolyzer (11) internal passages is cathode compartment (3), described microtubule electrolyzer (11) sealing-in sleeve pipe (12) outside with it forms anolyte compartment (2), it is inner that described sealing-in sleeve pipe (12) is arranged on tubular type gradient electric furnace (1), it is characterized in that: described microtubule electrolyzer (11) is by cathode support body (4), electrolytic thin-membrane (5), anode (6) is formed with layered arrangement, described tubular anode room is provided with steam entry (10), described tubular type cathode compartment (3) side is provided with Cu-Zn catalyst based (7),
The material of described microtubule electrolyzer (11) anode (6) is La 0.6sr 0.4co 0.2fe 0.8o 3-δwith BaZr 0.3ce 0.5y 0.16zn 0.04o 3-δmixture, its mass percent is 70%:30%.
2. a kind of tubular ceramic membrane reactor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described microtubule electrolyzer (11) for external diameter be the microtubule of 2 ~ 3mm.
3. a kind of tubular ceramic membrane reactor according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described microtubule material is the mixture of NiO and proton conductor material, its mass percent is 60%:40%.
4. a kind of tubular ceramic membrane reactor according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described proton conductor material is BaZr 0.3ce 0.5y 0.16zn 0.04o 3-δ.
5. a kind of tubular ceramic membrane reactor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the thickness of described microtubule electrolyzer (11) anode (6) is 20 ~ 40 μm.
6. a kind of tubular ceramic membrane reactor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the material of described microtubule electrolyzer (11) electrolytic thin-membrane (5) is BaZr 0.3ce 0.5y 0.16zn 0.04o 3-δ.
7. a kind of tubular ceramic membrane reactor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the work area temperature of described microtubule electrolyzer (11) is 400 ~ 800 DEG C, and the work area temperature of Cu-Zn catalyst based (7) is 200 ~ 400 DEG C.
8., according to the method for the arbitrary described a kind of tubular ceramic membrane reactor synthesizing methanol of claim 1-7, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
The first step: by tubular type gradient electric furnace (1) by the heating temperatures of microtubule electrolyzer (11) to 400 ~ 800 DEG C;
Second step: the cathode support body (4) of microtubule electrolyzer (11) is connected with the negative pole of direct supply, the anode (6) of microtubule electrolyzer (11) connects with the positive pole of direct supply;
3rd step: pass into hydrogen in tubular type cathode compartment (3), makes the NiO on microtubule electrolyzer (11) cathode support body (4) be reduced to Ni;
4th step: after the NiO on microtubule electrolyzer (11) cathode support body (4) has reduced, passes into CO by the introducing port (8) of tubular type cathode compartment (3) 2gas;
5th step: the anode (6) by the steam entry (10) of tubular anode room (2) steam-laden Ar gas being passed into microtubule electrolyzer (11) carries out decomposition reaction and generates highly active H +;
6th step: highly active H +transfer on cathode support body (4) and CO by electrolytic thin-membrane (5) 2gas reacts, at ambient pressure synthesizing methanol, and is derived by the export mouth (9) of tubular type cathode compartment (3) by behind Cu-Zn catalyst based (7) region.
9. the method for a kind of tubular ceramic membrane reactor synthesizing methanol according to claim 8, is characterized in that: the electrolysis voltage of described microtubule electrolyzer (11) is 1.2 ~ 2.5V.
CN201310070960.0A 2013-03-06 2013-03-06 Tubular ceramic membrane reactor and methanol synthesis method implemented by using same Expired - Fee Related CN103103556B (en)

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