CN103103353A - Method for preparing aluminum-silicon alloy from diasporic bauxite - Google Patents
Method for preparing aluminum-silicon alloy from diasporic bauxite Download PDFInfo
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- CN103103353A CN103103353A CN201310025775XA CN201310025775A CN103103353A CN 103103353 A CN103103353 A CN 103103353A CN 201310025775X A CN201310025775X A CN 201310025775XA CN 201310025775 A CN201310025775 A CN 201310025775A CN 103103353 A CN103103353 A CN 103103353A
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- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910001648 diaspore Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 41
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 35
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229940055858 aluminum chloride anhydrous Drugs 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229960001866 silicon dioxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012320 chlorinating reagent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- NOQGZXFMHARMLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Daminozide Chemical compound CN(C)NC(=O)CCC(O)=O NOQGZXFMHARMLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018619 Si-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910008289 Si—Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018125 Al-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021364 Al-Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000789 Aluminium-silicon alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018520 Al—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004484 Briquette Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMWBBMXGHHLDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [AlH3].[Si] Chemical compound [AlH3].[Si] KMWBBMXGHHLDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FQNGWRSKYZLJDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ca].[Ba] Chemical compound [Ca].[Ba] FQNGWRSKYZLJDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HXFVOUUOTHJFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;zinc Chemical compound [AlH3].[Zn] HXFVOUUOTHJFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940063656 aluminum chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006023 eutectic alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- CUXQLKLUPGTTKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M microcosmic salt Chemical compound [NH4+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O CUXQLKLUPGTTKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000026676 system process Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing an aluminum-silicon alloy from diasporic bauxite, belonging to the field of metallurgical technology. The method takes diasporic bauxite as a raw material, analytically-pure graphite as a reducing agent and analytically-pure anhydrous aluminum chloride as a chlorinating agent, and comprises the following steps of: uniformly mixing the graphite and diasporic bauxite, performing press forming and calcining the mixture in vacuum condition; cooling the calcined mixture of bauxite and graphite to normal temperature; placing the anhydrous aluminum chloride at the lower part of the mixture; heating so that the anhydrous aluminum chloride starts sublimating to gas which enters a crucible for reaction between bauxite and graphite to conduct a chlorination reduction reaction; and condensing the reduced aluminum-silicon alloy to obtain an aluminum-silicon alloy. The method provided by the invention has the advantages of easily-available raw material, low reaction temperature, short process, simple technology, easiness in operation, low cost, no environmental pollution and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of production method of aluminum silicon alloy, particularly relate to the production method that directly prepares aluminum silicon alloy from low-grade diaspore type bauxite with vacuum method, belong to metallurgical technology field.
Background technology
The characteristics such as aluminum silicon alloy has that density is little, thermal conductivity good, thermal expansivity is little, wear-resisting, anti-corrosion, good stability of the dimension, can be used as the reductor of steel-making, the reductive agent of method for smelting magnesium by hot, and be applied to the part such as piston, cylinder buss, cylinder head of the engines such as cargo truck, car and motorcycle.In the solar energy thermal-power-generating field, aluminum silicon alloy is also a kind of comparatively desirable high-temperature phase-change heat storage material.In Alar, silicon is main alloy element, adds silicon in aluminium alloy, can significantly improve the mobility of alloy, low-alloyed thermal expansivity falls, reduce hot cracking tendency, alleviate alloy proportion, improve wear resistance, hot strength, rigidity, fatigue strength and raising resistance to air loss.Eutectic reaction occurs at 577 ℃ in aluminum silicon alloy, and the generation silicon content is 12.6% al-si eutectic body.Press what of Silicon In Alloys content, Alar can be divided three classes: hypoeutectic (Si, 8-10%), eutectic alloy (Si, 11-13%) and hypereutectic alloy (Si, 14-26%) aluminum silicon alloy.Eutectic and hypoeutectic type aluminum silicon alloy have mechanical property, castability and cutting ability preferably.The conventional production methods of aluminum silicon alloy has mix-melting method, elred process.Mix-melting method is to utilize solid industry silico briquette and aluminium ingot, is mixed in proportion molten joining in liquid state after remelting.Elred process is with suitable aluminum-containing mineral and reductive agent, and reduction obtains the crude aluminum silicon alloy in electrothermal oven, then through refining and composition allotment, obtains required aluminum silicon alloy.Electric heating process is produced the smelting temperature of aluminum silicon alloy greatly about 2000 ℃ of left and right.Although this method flow process is shorter, to ingredient requirement is relatively wide but refining unit complicated, condition is harsh, the more difficult grasp of technology.
Relate to having of aluminum silicon alloy generation method: patent CN1614043 in present disclosed patent and disclose a kind of aluminium vanadine, silica, coal, iron filings of using and be raw material, produce the method for Alsimin in the 3500KVA mineral hot furnace.The method mainly comprises selects materials, prepares burden, the operation such as melting, tapping casting, proportioning raw materials is the aluminium vanadine: silica: coal: iron filings=46: 2.5: 45: 6.5 evenly mix, and in the melting step, add melting in mineral hot furnace with the furnace charge of joining in batching step is disposable.
Patent CN1757779 discloses a kind of technology for manufacturing aluminium silicon alloy.This technique is mainly that aluminum oxide, carbonaceous reducing agent are pulverized oven dry, removes the iron part in raw material, calculates the weight of required aluminum oxide, silica and carbonaceous reducing agent in production by finished product Aluminum in Alloy, the requirement of silicon component content, stirs, and is rolled into pelletizing.After preparing in proportion pelletizing and silica and carbonaceous reducing agent evenly, enter stove and can come out of the stove in 2～3 hours, pour into and cast the aluminium-silicon ingots finished product in mold.
It is the method for raw material production AL-Si-Fe alloy with flyash that patent CN1657640 discloses a kind of.The method is take flyash as raw material, take coal slime and refinery coke as reductive agent, the flyash weight percent content is 50～70%, coal slime and refinery coke weight percent content are 20～40%, and adding weight percent content is that 5～8% spent pulp liquors and weight percent content are 1～4% barium calcium composite additive.
Patent CN101476047 discloses a kind of method for preparing metallic aluminium from aluminum-containing raw material.The method is from containing Al
2O
3, SiO
2, Fe
20
3Raw material in, obtain AL-Si-Fe alloy by carbothermic reduction, then leach by the metallic zinc liquation, obtain aluminium zinc and zinc ferro-silicon, alloy obtains metallic aluminium, zinc and aluminum silicon alloy by vacuum distilling.
Some patents mainly concentrate on the element-specific of adding specified quantitative in the aluminum silicon alloy in addition, or specifically process, to obtain the aluminum silicon alloy of desired properties, for example: the disclosed method of patent CN1847429 is to adopt the general technology of cast aluminium alloy in industrial production to produce, the molten clear rear Sr+B associating melt treatment that adopts of alloy pig, Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys in thinning microstructure and dendrite group, thus high mechanical property obtained; Patent CN 1752249 adds the elements such as appropriate Cu, Bi, P, Sr, RE in transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy, produce high wear resistance and self lubricity preferably, and obtain high hardness by thermal treatment; Patent CN101560620 is with the aluminium heat fused, adds other metal, and fusing adds alterant, adds refining agent refining or blowing argon gas refining, then crystalline form cast and thermal treatment; Patent CN1877821 is prepared into the aluminum silicon alloy powder with commercial-purity aluminium and HIGH-PURITY SILICON by certain mass percent, then it is carried out ball milling, extruding; Patent CN101456122 obtains prealloy with fine aluminium, silicon and rare earth alloy melting, uses vacuum induction melting, then spray, extruding, cold rolling; Patent CN102191392 is take AlTi10 master alloy and microcosmic salt as compound modifier, and commercial-purity aluminium and massfraction are that 99.7% silicon metal is matrix, through refining, and rotten the processing and crystal grain thinning, thus improve the performance of this material;
According to the China YouSe metal newspaper report of publishing on June 2nd, 2011, step on aluminium alloy company of electric group and developed that liquid aluminium, liquid-state silicon are directly molten joins aluminum silicon alloy technique, and explored the system process that meets domestic raw material, equipment characteristic.Step at present aluminium alloy company of electric group and continuing to improve this technique, relevant achievement and patent are declared in plan simultaneously.In addition, Northeastern University is carrying out the research that carbothermic method is produced aluminum silicon alloy, thinks that tentatively in the vacuum carbon tube furnace of argon gas as shielding gas, the smelting temperature of aluminum silicon alloy is 2000 ℃ of left and right.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method for preparing aluminum silicon alloy with metallurgy method from diaspore type bauxite.Take diaspore type bauxite as raw material, graphite is as reductive agent, Aluminum chloride anhydrous is made chlorizating agent, directly extracts aluminum silicon alloy, has that raw material is easy to get, temperature of reaction is low, flow process is short, technique is simple, characteristics such as easy handling, cost are low, environmentally safe.
The method for preparing aluminum silicon alloy in diaspore type bauxite of the present invention is completed as follows:
(1) take diaspore type bauxite as raw material, take graphite as reductive agent, make chlorizating agent with Aluminum chloride anhydrous, graphite and the diaspore type bauxite mol ratio 2～3:1 according to C and silicon-dioxide is evenly mixed; Or be that 3～5:1 evenly mixes in molar ratio according to C and aluminum oxide;
(2) will under vacuum condition, compound be calcined after the compound compression moulding in step (1);
(3) compound of the bauxite after calcining in step (2) and graphite is cooling to normal temperature, then with anhydrous
Aluminum chloride is placed in the compound bottom, and then heating makes Aluminum chloride anhydrous begin to be sublimed into gas, and gas carries out the chlorination reduction reaction in sneaking in bauxite and graphite mixture;
(4) the aluminum silicon alloy condensation that step (3) is reduced out obtains aluminum silicon alloy after condensation.
Described graphite and Aluminum chloride anhydrous are analytical pure.
The composition of described diaspore type bauxite and per-cent are: Al
2O
354.6～57.8wt%, SiO
223～25.1wt%, Fe
20
31.6～1.9wt% contains the metal oxides such as Ca, Mg in addition.
The condition of described calcining is: when pressure≤20Pa, be warming up to 10～20 ℃/min temperature rise rate
Calcine bauxite and the graphite generation carbon thermal response 0.5h～1h that makes in material for 1450～1550 ℃.
The condition of described chlorination reduction reaction is that pressure is under the condition of 15～30Pa, be incubated 0.5h～1h after being warming up to 176～183 ℃ with 5～10 ℃ ∕ min temperature rise rates, Aluminum chloride anhydrous begins to be sublimed into gas, enter bauxite and graphite the reaction crucible in carry out chlorination reaction.
Composition and the per-cent of the aluminum silicon alloy that finally makes in described step (4) are: aluminium 80～92.2wt%, silicon 7～22.7wt%, iron 0.45～0.6wt%, impurity summation≤0.9wt%.
Advantage of the present invention and positively effect are: the present invention is a kind of metallurgy method prepares aluminum silicon alloy from diaspore type bauxite method, its preparation condition is under middle vacuum, temperature is 1450～1550 ℃, its meaning is take diaspore type bauxite as raw material, utilize graphite to make reductive agent, Aluminum chloride anhydrous is made chlorizating agent, directly extract aluminum silicon alloy, have compared with prior art that raw material is easy to get, temperature of reaction is low, flow process is short, technique is simple, characteristics such as easy handling, cost are low, environmentally safe.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is process flow diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: as shown in Figure 1, the method for preparing aluminum silicon alloy in diaspore type bauxite of the present invention is: (1) is take diaspore type bauxite as raw material, take analytical pure graphite as reductive agent, make chlorizating agent with analytically pure Aluminum chloride anhydrous, graphite and the diaspore type bauxite mol ratio 2:1 according to C and silicon-dioxide is evenly mixed; (composition of diaspore type bauxite and per-cent are: Al
2O
356.5wt%, SiO
224.7wt%, Fe
20
31.77wt% contains the metal oxides such as Ca, Mg in addition)
(2) will under vacuum condition, compound be calcined after the compound compression moulding in step (1), when pressure is 20 Pa, calcine the bauxite and the graphite generation carbon thermal response 0.5h that make in material when being warming up to 1450 ℃ with 10 ℃/min temperature rise rate;
(3) compound of the bauxite after calcining in step (2) and graphite is cooling to normal temperature, again Aluminum chloride anhydrous is placed in the compound bottom, then heating makes Aluminum chloride anhydrous begin to be sublimed into gas, gas carries out the chlorination reduction reaction in sneaking in bauxite and graphite mixture, pressure is incubated 1h after being warming up to 176 ℃ with 10 ℃ ∕ min temperature rise rates under the condition of 15Pa;
(4) the aluminum silicon alloy condensation that step (3) is reduced out obtains aluminum silicon alloy after condensation, composition and per-cent are: aluminium 80wt%, silicon 19wt%, iron 0.45wt%, impurity summation 0.55wt%.
Embodiment 2: as shown in Figure 1, the method for preparing aluminum silicon alloy in diaspore type bauxite of the present invention is: (1) is take diaspore type bauxite as raw material, take analytical pure graphite as reductive agent, make chlorizating agent with analytically pure Aluminum chloride anhydrous, graphite and the diaspore type bauxite mol ratio 2.5:1 according to C and silicon-dioxide is evenly mixed; (composition of diaspore type bauxite and per-cent are: Al
2O
354.6wt%, SiO
225.1wt%, Fe
20
31.9wt% contains the metal oxides such as Ca, Mg in addition)
(2) with under vacuum condition, compound being calcined after the compound compression moulding in step (1), when pressure is 18Pa, is warming up to 1480 ℃ with 15 ℃/min temperature rise rate and calcines bauxite and the graphite generation carbon thermal response 0.8h that makes in material.；
(3) compound of the bauxite after calcining in step (2) and graphite is cooling to normal temperature, again Aluminum chloride anhydrous is placed in the compound bottom, then heating makes Aluminum chloride anhydrous begin to be sublimed into gas, gas carries out the chlorination reduction reaction in sneaking in bauxite and graphite mixture, pressure is incubated 0.8h after being warming up to 179 ℃ with 8 ℃ ∕ min temperature rise rates under the condition of 18Pa;
(4) the aluminum silicon alloy condensation that step (3) is reduced out obtains aluminum silicon alloy after condensation, composition and per-cent are: aluminium 85wt%, silicon 13.5wt%, iron 0.6wt%, impurity summation 0.9wt%.。
Embodiment 3: as shown in Figure 1, the method for preparing aluminum silicon alloy in diaspore type bauxite of the present invention is: (1) is take diaspore type bauxite as raw material, take analytical pure graphite as reductive agent, make chlorizating agent with analytically pure Aluminum chloride anhydrous, graphite and the diaspore type bauxite mol ratio 3:1 according to C and silicon-dioxide is evenly mixed; (composition of diaspore type bauxite and per-cent are: Al
2O
357.8wt%, SiO
223wt%, Fe
20
31.6wt% contains the metal oxides such as Ca, Mg in addition)
(2) with under vacuum condition, compound being calcined after the compound compression moulding in step (1), when pressure is 19Pa, is warming up to 1550 ℃ with 20 ℃/min temperature rise rate and calcines bauxite and the graphite generation carbon thermal response 1h that makes in material;
(3) compound of the bauxite after calcining in step (2) and graphite is cooling to normal temperature, again Aluminum chloride anhydrous is placed in the compound bottom, then heating makes Aluminum chloride anhydrous begin to be sublimed into gas, gas carries out the chlorination reduction reaction in sneaking in bauxite and graphite mixture, pressure is incubated 0.5h after being warming up to 183 ℃ with 5 ℃ ∕ min temperature rise rates under the condition of 30Pa;
(4) the aluminum silicon alloy condensation that step (3) is reduced out obtains aluminum silicon alloy after condensation, composition and per-cent are: aluminium 92.2wt%, silicon 6.5wt%, iron 0.4wt%, impurity summation 0.9wt%.
Embodiment 4: as shown in Figure 1, the method for preparing aluminum silicon alloy in diaspore type bauxite of the present invention is: (1) is take diaspore type bauxite as raw material, take analytical pure graphite as reductive agent, make chlorizating agent with analytically pure Aluminum chloride anhydrous, with graphite and diaspore type bauxite according to evenly mixing for 3:1 in molar ratio according to C and aluminum oxide; (composition of diaspore type bauxite and per-cent are: Al
2O
355.2wt%, SiO
224wt%, Fe
20
31.68wt% contains the metal oxides such as Ca, Mg in addition)
(2) with under vacuum condition, compound being calcined after the compound compression moulding in step (1), when pressure is 20 Pa, is warming up to 1520 ℃ with 12 ℃/min temperature rise rate and calcines bauxite and the graphite generation carbon thermal response 0.6h that makes in material;
(3) compound of the bauxite after calcining in step (2) and graphite is cooling to normal temperature, again Aluminum chloride anhydrous is placed in the compound bottom, then heating makes Aluminum chloride anhydrous begin to be sublimed into gas, gas carries out the chlorination reduction reaction in sneaking in bauxite and graphite mixture, pressure is incubated 0.5h after being warming up to 183 ℃ with 6 ℃ ∕ min temperature rise rates under the condition of 20Pa;
(4) the aluminum silicon alloy condensation that step (3) is reduced out obtains aluminum silicon alloy after condensation, composition and per-cent are: aluminium 92.2wt%, and silicon 7wt%, iron 0.45wt%, the impurity summation is 0.35wt%.
Embodiment 5: as shown in Figure 1, the method for preparing aluminum silicon alloy in diaspore type bauxite of the present invention is: (1) is take diaspore type bauxite as raw material, take analytical pure graphite as reductive agent, make chlorizating agent with analytically pure Aluminum chloride anhydrous, with graphite and diaspore type bauxite according to evenly mixing for 3.5:1 in molar ratio according to C and aluminum oxide; (composition of diaspore type bauxite and per-cent are: Al
2O
354.6wt%, SiO
224wt%, Fe
20
31.8wt% contains the metal oxides such as Ca, Mg in addition)
(2) with under vacuum condition, compound being calcined after the compound compression moulding in step (1), when pressure is 16Pa, is warming up to 1530 ℃ with 20 ℃/min temperature rise rate and calcines bauxite and the graphite generation carbon thermal response 0.9h that makes in material;
(3) compound of the bauxite after calcining in step (2) and graphite is cooling to normal temperature, again Aluminum chloride anhydrous is placed in the compound bottom, then heating makes Aluminum chloride anhydrous begin to be sublimed into gas, gas carries out the chlorination reduction reaction in sneaking in bauxite and graphite mixture, pressure is incubated 1h after being warming up to 180 ℃ with 8 ℃ ∕ min temperature rise rates under the condition of 30Pa;
(4) the aluminum silicon alloy condensation that step (3) is reduced out obtains aluminum silicon alloy after condensation, composition and per-cent are: aluminium 80wt%, silicon 19.3wt%, iron 0.68wt%, impurity summation≤0.11wt%.
Embodiment 6: as shown in Figure 1, the method for preparing aluminum silicon alloy in diaspore type bauxite of the present invention is: (1) is take diaspore type bauxite as raw material, take analytical pure graphite as reductive agent, make chlorizating agent with analytically pure Aluminum chloride anhydrous, graphite and the diaspore type bauxite mol ratio 2～3:1 according to C and silicon-dioxide is evenly mixed; Or evenly mix for 5:1 in molar ratio according to C and aluminum oxide; (composition of diaspore type bauxite and per-cent are: Al
2O
355.8wt%, SiO
225wt%, Fe
20
31.75wt% contains the metal oxides such as Ca, Mg in addition)
(2) with under vacuum condition, compound being calcined after the compound compression moulding in step (1), when pressure is 17Pa, is warming up to 1450 ℃ with 19 ℃/min temperature rise rate and calcines bauxite and the graphite generation carbon thermal response 0.7h that makes in material;
(3) compound of the bauxite after calcining in step (2) and graphite is cooling to normal temperature, again Aluminum chloride anhydrous is placed in the compound bottom, then heating makes Aluminum chloride anhydrous begin to be sublimed into gas, gas carries out the chlorination reduction reaction in sneaking in bauxite and graphite mixture, pressure is incubated 0.6h after being warming up to 183 ℃ with 6 ℃ ∕ min temperature rise rates under the condition of 28Pa;
(4) the aluminum silicon alloy condensation that step (3) is reduced out obtains aluminum silicon alloy after condensation, composition and per-cent are: aluminium 78wt%, silicon 20.7wt%, iron 0.58wt%, impurity summation 0.72wt%.
Claims (5)
1. method for preparing aluminum silicon alloy from diaspore type bauxite is characterized in that concrete steps comprise as follows:
(1) graphite and the diaspore type bauxite mol ratio 2～3:1 according to C and silicon-dioxide is evenly mixed; Or according to C and aluminum oxide in molar ratio 3～5:1 evenly mix;
(2) will under vacuum condition, compound be calcined after the compound compression moulding in step (1);
(3) compound after calcining in step (2) is cooling to normal temperature, then Aluminum chloride anhydrous is placed in the compound bottom, then heating makes Aluminum chloride anhydrous begin to be sublimed into gas, and gas is sneaked into and is carried out the chlorination reduction reaction in compound;
(4) obtain aluminum silicon alloy after the compound condensation that step (3) is reduced out.
2. the method for preparing aluminum silicon alloy from diaspore type bauxite according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the composition of described diaspore type bauxite and per-cent are: Al
2O
354.6～57.8wt%, SiO
223～25.1wt%, Fe
20
31.6～1.9wt% contains the metal oxide of Ca and Mg in addition.
3. the method for preparing aluminum silicon alloy from diaspore type bauxite according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the condition of described calcining is warming up to 1450～1550 ℃ with 10～20 ℃/min temperature rise rate and calcines bauxite and the graphite generation carbon thermal response 0.5h～1h that makes in material for when the pressure≤20Pa.
4. the method for preparing aluminum silicon alloy from diaspore type bauxite according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the condition of described chlorination reduction reaction be pressure under the condition of 15～30Pa, be incubated 0.5h～1h after being warming up to 176～183 ℃ with 5～10 ℃ ∕ min temperature rise rates.
5. the method for preparing aluminum silicon alloy from diaspore type bauxite according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: composition and the per-cent of the aluminum silicon alloy that finally makes in described step (4) are: aluminium 80～92.2wt%, silicon 7～22.7wt%, iron 0.45～0.6wt%, impurity summation≤0.9wt%.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109913665A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-06-21 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of method that bauxite vacuum distillation prepares metallic aluminium |
| CN110129587A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-08-16 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of method that spodumene vacuum metling extracts lithium metal and prepares alusil alloy |
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| CN1323911A (en) * | 2000-05-12 | 2001-11-28 | 中南工业大学 | Graphite-aluminium base composite material and its prepn. |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109913665A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-06-21 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of method that bauxite vacuum distillation prepares metallic aluminium |
| CN109913665B (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2020-03-10 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for preparing metal aluminum by bauxite vacuum distillation |
| CN110129587A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-08-16 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of method that spodumene vacuum metling extracts lithium metal and prepares alusil alloy |
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