CN103098738B - Land-based water-permeable ecological fish culturing method - Google Patents
Land-based water-permeable ecological fish culturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103098738B CN103098738B CN201310070576.0A CN201310070576A CN103098738B CN 103098738 B CN103098738 B CN 103098738B CN 201310070576 A CN201310070576 A CN 201310070576A CN 103098738 B CN103098738 B CN 103098738B
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- fish
- purse seine
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention provides a land-based water-permeable ecological fish culturing method comprising the following steps of: placing a cultivation device, primarily domesticating adult fish, adding the adult fish, carrying out daily monitoring, capturing finished-product fish and recycling the cultivation device. A natural barrier is formed by utilizing a land-based coastline; a cultivation region is enclosed by a surrounding net and the land-based coastline; the cost of a current net box production method is reduced; an activity space and the possibility of fishes are increased and the economic benefits of individuals are improved; artificial management elements are added, the density of a natural space is improved and the output of a unit area is increased; artificially-cultivated large yellow croakers are wildly domesticated in natural sea area provided with the cultivation device, so that the bodily forms of the artificially-cultivated large yellow croakers become thin, the fat is reduced, and the meat quality and the mouth feel are closer to those of wild large yellow croakers; and therefore, the economic value of the artificially-cultivated large yellow croakers is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of aquaculture, especially refer to a kind of method of continental rise dankness type Ecological Fish Culture.
Background technology
At present, breed fish and have two classes from method, the one, the cultural method that total man's work becomes more meticulous, at the floated net cage of shallow sea fish or in enclosing the devices such as pool cultivation, implement, owing to putting, the density of seedling is high, needs artificial bait throwing in to supplement the nutritional need of cultured fishes, belongs to controlledization cultivation.Because artificial factor is very big, in order to pursue the maximization of benefit, often drop into a large amount of adult fishes, the density of unit of water body is high, and cultured fishes activity space is little, and therefore, the marketable fish of forming product fish is individual, and body colour is shallow, build is not good, physique is poor, price is low.The 2nd, utilize natural endowment to place artificial fishing bank to assemble the shoal of fish, not bait throwing in substantially, fish rely on nature food chain, realize individual increase, breeding of population, to recover wild population quantity, because artificial factor is few, belong to artificial uncontrollable mode, the density of aquaculture is low, of poor benefits, but for the fish of forming is individual, quality is high, is worth large.
The method of propagating artificially be mainly based upon the cage culture in shallow sea and two kinds of pattern bases such as the soil of continental rise is pool cultivated on, wherein, the cage culture amount in shallow sea is large, cultivation is stable, can move, there is certain flexibility, can make full use of the natural resources of ocean, but be subject to Lidar Equation large in sea area, the water quality of cultivation etc. is controlled by natural conditions directly, and the harm such as red tide is large; The pool of enclosing of continental rise cultivates, and cultured output is not high, and small scale, need to often change water to guarantee the relatively constant of water quality, simple and convenient management relatively.
How above-mentioned shallow sea cage culture and continental rise soil pool cultivated between, and between total man's work cultivation and natural aquaculture that become more meticulous, in method, learn from other's strong points to offset one's weaknesses, will become the developing direction that guides fish-farming in shallow marine water pattern.
Utilize continental rise dankness type cultivator to carry out Ecological Fish Culture, adopt continental rise and the breeding spaces that purse seine forms, utilize including in and discharging of nature seawater, keep water quality, utilize the part bait of nature seawater introducing, provide breed fish required.In conjunction with the small part bait of throwing something and feeding, therefore, in breeding process, residual bait, excreta and the metabolic waste of minute quantity enter breeding water body, deposit to substrate, can be continued to utilize by fish, and different from the situation of cage culture, cause the source of the eutrophication of environment greatly to be reduced.Nutrition from pure dependence single feed, often cause the nutrition shortcoming of cultured fishes, change nature bait into and coordinate artificial feed, improve the Individual Quality of cultured fishes, more approaching with the fish of wild state: the food nutrition of ingesting is comprehensive, and activity space is large, therefore, fish Individual Quality is excellent, has promoted continental rise dankness type efficient ecological to breed fish.
Publication number is that patent that CN1457231 name is called < < fish farming system and method > > discloses the complete set of equipments that a kind of Combined float job platform and automatic bait-laying device for fish form, and realizes net cage automatically breed fish by metering bait-throwing method.And the cultural method of carrying out for the fish culture apparatus of constructing the open dankness type of a kind of large-scale immobilization between continental rise and shallow sea will form the method for continental rise dankness type Ecological Fish Culture, promote the efficient ecological cultivation of economic fish.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is for the above-mentioned state of the art, a kind of method of continental rise dankness type Ecological Fish Culture is provided, it can be transported to the large yellow Crocker of culture in the large water body purse seine facility of deep water sea area with running water carry vessel carries out wild domestication, the build of propagating large yellow Crocker artificially is reduced, fat reduces, make meat, mouthfeel closer to wild large yellow Crocker, thereby improve the economic worth of propagating large yellow Crocker artificially.
A method for continental rise dankness type Ecological Fish Culture, wherein, comprises the following steps:
The placement of step 1, cultivator: purse seine two ends are individually fixed in to the two ends of the opening being formed by continental rise coastline, purse seine and continental rise coastline surround the waters of containing for adult fish growth;
The first domestication of step 2, adult fish: reduce gradually bait injected volume and the number of times of supporting temporarily the adult fish in net cage or the native pool, and sick fish is processed timely;
The input of step 3, adult fish: with fishing boat, the adult fish of supporting temporarily in net cage or the native pool is transported to the marine site of having placed cultivator, adult fish is rendered in cultivator;
Step 4, daily monitoring: water body situation and weather condition within the scope of monitoring purse seine integrality and cultivation;
The harvesting of step 5, finished product fish: fisherman walks in cultivator and carries out the fishing of finished product fish, and cultivator is kept intact;
The recovery of step 6, cultivator: after finished product fish harvesting all completes, purse seine is pulled down, packed up.
For optimizing technique scheme, the concrete measure of taking also comprises:
The two ends of above-mentioned purse seine are respectively arranged with 2 for fixing cable wire, and cable wire is separately connected with fixture on continental rise coastline and matches, and purse seine is connected and matches with the purse seine stake in continental rise coastline opening part spaced apart.
The upper end of above-mentioned purse seine is provided with float, and the lower end of purse seine is provided with heavily pendant.
Above-mentioned purse seine includes external network and interior purse seine, and external network is parallel, spaced apart with interior purse seine.
The height of above-mentioned purse seine is higher than 1.2 times～1.5 times of marine site highest water level.
The processing method of above-mentioned sick fish is by sick 2ppm～5ppm potassium permanganate liquid immersion for fish.
The time of above-mentioned input adult fish is before and after September.
The density of above-mentioned input adult fish is below every cube of water body 0.5 tail.
The size of above-mentioned input adult fish is at least 500 grams, every tail.
The time of above-mentioned finished product fish fishing be then arrive by the end of December Second Year January.
Compared with prior art, a kind of extensive muddy water of the present invention marine site large yellow Crocker cultural method, the natural cover for defense of utilizing continental rise coastline to form, by drawing and establish purse seine at the ready-made opening part in continental rise coastline, make purse seine and continental rise coastline surround the breeding spaces of sealing, utilize the resource in nature marine site to increase the activity space of adult fish, to reach, the large yellow Crocker of propagating artificially is carried out to the object of wild training in muddy water marine site, reduce current cage culture method cost, improved individual economic benefit; Drop into behavior adjustment management key element, improve the cultivation density of place, increase the output of unit are; The upper end of purse seine connects the float of bunchiness, the lower end of purse seine connects heavily pendant, the lower end of purse seine is absorbed in seabed together with heavy pendant under the Action of Gravity Field of heavy pendant, purse seine the buoyancy of float and heavily pendant Action of Gravity Field under open formation leader, the height of purse seine, higher than 1.2 times～1.5 times of marine site highest water level, can be avoided thoroughly not causing the loss of product fish because flood tide causes purse seine interception; This cultivator adopts the double-deck enclosure net structure of external network and interior purse seine, has played dual fail-safe, can farthest reduce because of the damaged risk that causes product adult fish to run away of purse seine; For the water temperature in muddy water marine site and the water temperature of supporting temporarily waters are had a narrow range of temperature, and intensity of illumination is low, therefore select the annual adult fish input of carrying out in the September of around, for guaranteeing the survival rate of adult fish, the size of therefore throwing in adult fish is elected at least 500 grams, every tail as, in order to guarantee that adult fish has enough activity spaces, thereby the density of throwing in is controlled at below every cube of water body 0.5 tail.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of cultivator of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of purse seine in Fig. 1.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment is described in further detail the present invention.
Be the structural representation of cultivator of the present invention as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 2,
Reference numeral is wherein: purse seine 1, external network 11, interior purse seine 12, fixture 2, cable wire 3, purse seine stake 4, float 5, heavily fall 6, spud pile 7, continental rise coastline L.
Embodiment mono-:
The placement of step 1, cultivator: select the continental rise coastline L of an end opening as the natural cover for defense, be formed for the waters of containing of adult fish growth at opening part with purse seine 1 interception; The two ends of purse seine 1 are respectively arranged with 2 for fixing cable wire 3, and cable wire 3 is separately connected with fixture 2 on the L of continental rise coastline and matches, and purse seine 1 is connected with the purse seine stake 4 in continental rise coastline opening part spaced apart and matches; The upper end of purse seine 1 is provided with float 5, and the lower end of purse seine 1 is provided with and heavily falls 6, and purse seine 1 is at the buoyancy of float 5 and heavily fall under 6 Action of Gravity Field and open formation leader, and float 5 is bubbled through the water column upper, and heavily fall 6 lower ends together with purse seine 1, is absorbed in seabed; Farthest reduce because of the damaged risk that causes product adult fish to run away of purse seine, purse seine 1 adopts the double-deck enclosure net structure of external network 11 and interior purse seine 12, and external network 11 is parallel, spaced apart with interior purse seine 12; In order to strengthen the reliability of purse seine 1, the spud pile 7 that external network 11 and interior purse seine 12 are fixed on to seabed with interval is respectively connected cooperation, and the height of purse seine 1 is higher than 1.2 times of marine site highest water level, can avoid thoroughly not causing the loss of product adult fish because flood tide causes purse seine interception;
The first domestication of step 2, adult fish: in order to make adult fish growth conditions and the environment in reform of nature marine site as early as possible, adult fish is being rendered to before cultivator, first adult fish is carried out to first domestication to a certain degree, because natural marine site has larger activity space, and exist and much can reach the biology that adult fish is looked for food in seawater, therefore can throw in bait, in the process of domestication, reduce gradually bait injected volume and the number of times of supporting temporarily the adult fish in net cage or the native pool, and adopt 2ppm potassium permanganate liquid to soak to sick fish, to guarantee the survival rate of adult fish;
The input of step 3, adult fish: for making the water temperature in nature marine site as far as possible little with the temperature difference of the water temperature in temporarily foster waters, and intensity of illumination is lower, be chosen in before and after September, with fishing boat, the adult fish of supporting temporarily in net cage or the native pool is transported to the marine site of having placed cultivator, adult fish is rendered in cultivator; For guaranteeing that adult fish has enough activity spaces and survival ability, at least 500 grams, the every tail of size of the adult fish of throwing in, in order to guarantee the activity space of adult fish, the density that adult fish is thrown in is controlled at below every cube of water body 0.5 tail;
Step 4, daily monitoring: the integrality of often monitoring day by day purse seine 1, as found there is damaged need and repair in time, safeguard in purse seine 1, loss is dropped to minimum, in addition, also need to monitor water body situation and weather condition within the scope of cultivation, as water temperature, salinity, flow velocity and environmental temperature, the wind-force etc. of monitoring water body; To surveying the monitoring of water body within the scope of cultivation, can grasp in real time water body situation, thereby guarantee the survival rate of adult fish, improve the economic benefit of cultivation;
The harvesting of step 5, finished product fish: in the January that arrives by the end of December Second Year then, adult fish maturation can be carried out harvesting, during harvesting, fisherman walks to and in cultivator, carries out finished product fish harvesting, and cultivator is kept intact during harvesting, through the finished product fish of wild domestication, build reduces, fat tails off, and weight slightly alleviates, and meat, mouthfeel are closer to wild large yellow Crocker;
The recovery of step 6, cultivator: after finished product fish harvesting all completes, purse seine 1 is pulled down, packed up, continue for other places or Second Year, saved the cost of cultivator is dropped into, also protected the ecotope in cultivation marine site.
Embodiment bis-:
The placement of step 1, cultivator: select the continental rise coastline L of an end opening as the natural cover for defense, be formed for the waters of containing of adult fish growth at opening part with purse seine 1 interception; The two ends of purse seine 1 are respectively arranged with 2 for fixing cable wire 3, and cable wire 3 is separately connected with fixture 2 on the L of continental rise coastline and matches, and purse seine 1 is connected with the purse seine stake 4 in continental rise coastline opening part spaced apart and matches; The upper end of purse seine 1 is provided with float 5, and the lower end of purse seine 1 is provided with and heavily falls 6, and purse seine 1 is at the buoyancy of float 5 and heavily fall under 6 Action of Gravity Field and open formation leader, and float 5 is bubbled through the water column upper, and heavily fall 6 lower ends together with purse seine 1, is absorbed in seabed; Farthest reduce because of the damaged risk that causes product adult fish to run away of purse seine, purse seine 1 adopts the double-deck enclosure net structure of external network 11 and interior purse seine 12, and external network 11 is parallel, spaced apart with interior purse seine 12; In order to strengthen the reliability of purse seine 1, the spud pile 7 that external network 11 and interior purse seine 12 are fixed on to seabed with interval is respectively connected cooperation, and the height of purse seine 1 is higher than 1.5 times of marine site highest water level, can avoid thoroughly not causing the loss of product adult fish because flood tide causes purse seine interception;
The first domestication of step 2, adult fish: in order to make adult fish growth conditions and the environment in reform of nature marine site as early as possible, adult fish is being rendered to before cultivator, first adult fish is carried out to first domestication to a certain degree, because natural marine site has larger activity space, and exist and much can reach the biology that adult fish is looked for food in seawater, therefore can throw in bait, in the process of domestication, reduce gradually bait injected volume and the number of times of supporting temporarily the adult fish in net cage or the native pool, and adopt 5ppm potassium permanganate liquid to soak to sick fish, to guarantee the survival rate of adult fish;
The input of step 3, adult fish: for making the water temperature in nature marine site as far as possible little with the temperature difference of the water temperature in temporarily foster waters, and intensity of illumination is lower, be chosen in before and after September, with fishing boat, the adult fish of supporting temporarily in net cage or the native pool is transported to the marine site of having placed cultivator, adult fish is rendered in cultivator; For guaranteeing that adult fish has enough activity spaces and survival ability, at least 500 grams, the every tail of size of the adult fish of throwing in, in order to guarantee the activity space of adult fish, the density that adult fish is thrown in is controlled at below every cube of water body 0.5 tail;
Step 4, daily monitoring: the integrality of often monitoring day by day purse seine 1, as found there is damaged need and repair in time, safeguard in purse seine 1, loss is dropped to minimum, in addition, also need to monitor water body situation and weather condition within the scope of cultivation, as water temperature, salinity, flow velocity and environmental temperature, the wind-force etc. of monitoring water body; To surveying the monitoring of water body within the scope of cultivation, can grasp in real time water body situation, thereby guarantee the survival rate of adult fish, improve the economic benefit of cultivation;
The harvesting of step 5, finished product fish: in the January that arrives by the end of December Second Year then, adult fish maturation can be carried out harvesting, during harvesting, fisherman walks to and in cultivator, carries out finished product fish harvesting, and cultivator is kept intact during harvesting, through the finished product fish of wild domestication, build reduces, fat tails off, and weight slightly alleviates, and meat, mouthfeel are closer to wild large yellow Crocker;
The recovery of step 6, cultivator: after finished product fish harvesting all completes, purse seine 1 is pulled down, packed up, continue for other places or Second Year, saved the cost of cultivator is dropped into, also protected the ecotope in cultivation marine site.
Claims (6)
1. a method for continental rise dankness type Ecological Fish Culture, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
The placement of step 1, cultivator: purse seine (1) two ends are individually fixed in to the two ends of the opening being formed by continental rise coastline (L), described purse seine (1) surrounds the waters of containing for adult fish growth with continental rise coastline (L);
The first domestication of step 2, adult fish: reduce gradually bait injected volume and the number of times of supporting temporarily the adult fish in net cage or the native pool, and sick fish is processed timely;
The input of step 3, adult fish: with fishing boat, the adult fish of supporting temporarily in net cage or the native pool is transported to the marine site of having placed cultivator, adult fish is rendered in cultivator; The size of throwing in adult fish is at least 500 grams, every tail, and the density of throwing in adult fish is below every cube of water body 0.5 tail; The time of described input adult fish is before and after September;
Step 4, daily monitoring: water body situation and weather condition within the scope of monitoring purse seine (1) integrality and cultivation; Adult fish is put in a suitable place to breed and in process, is not thrown in feed;
The harvesting of step 5, finished product fish: fisherman walks in cultivator and carries out the fishing of finished product fish, and cultivator is kept intact; The finished product fish quality of fishing for alleviates to some extent; The time of described finished product fish fishing be then arrive by the end of December Second Year January;
The recovery of step 6, cultivator: after finished product fish harvesting all completes, purse seine is pulled down, packed up.
2. the method for a kind of continental rise dankness type Ecological Fish Culture according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the two ends of described purse seine (1) are respectively arranged with 2 for fixing cable wire (3), described cable wire (3) is separately connected with fixture (2) on continental rise coastline (L) and matches, and described purse seine (1) is connected and matches with the purse seine stake (4) in continental rise coastline opening part spaced apart.
3. the method for a kind of continental rise dankness type Ecological Fish Culture according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the upper end of described purse seine (1) is provided with float (5), and the lower end of described purse seine (1) is provided with heavily pendant (6).
4. the method for a kind of continental rise dankness type Ecological Fish Culture according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described purse seine (1) includes external network (11) and interior purse seine (12), and described external network (11) is parallel, spaced apart with interior purse seine (12).
5. the method for a kind of continental rise dankness type Ecological Fish Culture according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the height of described purse seine (1) is higher than 1.2 times～1.5 times of marine site highest water level.
6. the method for a kind of continental rise dankness type Ecological Fish Culture according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the processing method of described sick fish is by sick 2ppm～5ppm potassium permanganate liquid immersion for fish.
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103283656A (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2013-09-11 | 陈炳 | Purse seine for sea farming |
| CN103583425B (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2015-01-07 | 中国长江三峡集团公司中华鲟研究所 | Wild rhinogobio ventralis continental rise pond net cage domestication method |
| CN106135096B (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2019-05-31 | 威海银泽生物科技有限公司 | Interactive Larimichthys crocea cultural method based on marine ecology |
| CN111972323B (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2022-05-06 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Method for reducing fat content of cultured large yellow croaker |
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